共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
【目的】优化方格星虫(Sipunculus nudus L.)酶解工艺条件,探讨其酶解液对细胞免疫活性的影响。【方法】在确定实验用酶和单因素实验基础上,利用响应面设计建立数学模型,以水解度为响应值,进行3因素3水平的响应面分析,得到最适酶解条件。以小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞生成NO量和吞噬能力来评价酶解液对免疫细胞的促进作用。【结果】以动物水解蛋白酶和风味蛋白酶组合用酶效果最佳,方格星虫酶解的适宜条件为pH 7.0、加酶量5 000 U/g、液料比3∶1,55℃酶解5.2 h,其水解度为38.92%;以此条件得到的酶解液进行实验,酶解液质量浓度为0.9 mol/mL时,小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖率为30.57%,小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞生成NO能力为56.2μmol/L,吞噬能力D(540 nm)值均明显高于阳性对照组(P0.01)。【结论】方格星虫酶解液对细胞免疫具有促进作用。 相似文献
2.
【目的】探究方格星虫酶解物促进伤口愈合的作用。【方法】将小鼠分为空白对照组、方格星虫酶解物组和云南白药组进行止血实验,并建立小鼠全皮层创伤模型。将方格星虫酶解物制成膏状,每天上药一次。于术后3、5、7 d分批各处死5只小鼠,固定7只用于拍照。术后观察创面愈合情况,测定伤口愈合率、炎症因子、转化生长因子-β1和创面羟脯氨酸含量等指标。【结果】相比于空白对照组,方格星虫酶解物组显著缩短止血时间,提高愈合率,缩短掉痂时间、创面宽度,调节炎症因子、转化生长因子-β1表达,促进胶原蛋白沉积,伤口愈合较好,残留疤痕不明显。【结论】方格星虫酶解物具有促进伤口愈合功效,其作用机制与止血、调节炎症因子、转化生长因子-β1水平、促进胶原蛋白沉积有密切联系。 相似文献
3.
【目的】探究方格星虫(Sipunculus nudus)脂肪酸组成特征,分析其食物组成。【方法】气相色谱-质谱联用法测定方格星虫4个地理群体(福建漳州海澄镇、广东湛江东海岛和遂溪草潭镇、广西北海沙虫寮村)体壁肌肉的脂肪酸含量,脂肪酸标记法分析其食物组成。【结果】4个地理群体方格星虫共检出30种脂肪酸。方格星虫饱和脂肪酸总含量(ΣSFA)和多不饱和脂肪酸总含量(ΣPUFA)较高,ΣSFA主要由C14:0、C16:0和C18:0所组成,ΣPUFA以EPA、DHA、C18:2n6和C20:4n6为主要成分;单不饱和脂肪酸总含量(ΣMUFA)较低,其中C18:1n9和C17:1n7贡献最大。方格星虫体壁脂肪酸呈现出多种饵料生物的脂肪酸标记物特征。【结论】方格星虫体壁脂肪酸种类丰富,不同地理群体间脂肪酸组成和相对含量存在明显差异。 相似文献
4.
菲律宾蛤仔糖胺聚糖抗肿瘤活性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从菲律宾蛤仔全脏器中提取得到糖胺聚糖粗品(CRG),通过DEAE-52离子交换柱层析得到纯品(RG),分别采用MTT法和动物移植性肿瘤模型检测其体外和体内抗肿瘤活性,同时测量荷瘤小鼠的胸腺指数的脾指数;建立小鼠免疫抑制模型,并测量正常小鼠和免疫抑制小鼠的胸腺指数、脾指数和碳粒廓清指数。结果显示,菲律宾蛤仔糖胺聚糖可以抑制体外培养的人肝癌Bel7402肿瘤细胞的生长,能显著抑制移植性S180肉瘤的生长,可抑制荷瘤小鼠的脾肿大现象,对环磷酰胺造成的小鼠胸腺和脾脏萎缩有抵抗和修复作用。 相似文献
5.
对裸体方格星虫(Sipunculus nudus)、可口革囊星虫(Phascolosoma esculenta)和澳洲管体星虫(Siphonosoma australe)的线粒体16S rRNA、COI和细胞色素b(Cytb)基因片段序列进行比较,并对其系统发生进行了初步探讨。采用PCR方法得到总长度分别为531～544bp(16S)、652～675bp(COI)和406～453bp(Cytb)的线粒体片段。片段碱基A+T比例较高(16S rRNA基因58.3%,COI基因56.9%,Cytb基因59.5%)。16S rRNA片段存在169个碱基变异位点(其中包括167个简约信息位点)和44个碱基插入/缺失,种内个体间变异较小;COI片段有512个碱基(333个简约信息位点)存在变异,79个碱基插入/缺失;Cytb片段存在347个碱基(318个简约信息位点)变异位点,16个碱基插入/缺失。数据分析结果支持3种星虫和环节动物的分类地位较近,与软体动物较远的分类观点。此外,裸体方格星虫与澳洲管体星虫之间亲缘关系较近(D=0.3159、0.3156、0.2361)。认为3种星虫线粒体16S rRNA、COI和Cytb基因在种间存在明显的多态性,证实了三种基因序列均普遍适用于星虫种及以上阶元的系统学分析。 相似文献
6.
对裸体方格星虫（Sipunculus nudus）、可口革囊星虫（Phascolosoma esculenta）和澳洲管体星虫（Siphonosoma australe）的线粒体16S rRNA、COⅠ和细胞色素b（Cyt b）基因片段序列进行比较,并对其系统发生进行了初步探讨.采用PCR方法得到总长度分别为531～544 bp（16S）、652～675 bp（COⅠ）和406～453 bp（Cyt b）的线粒体片段.片段碱基A＋T比例较高（16S rRNA基因58.3%,COⅠ基因56.9%,Cyt b基因59.5%）. 16S rRNA片段存在169个碱基变异位点（其中包括167个简约信息位点）和44个碱基插入/缺失,种内个体间变异较小;COⅠ片段有512个碱基（333个简约信息位点）存在变异,79个碱基插入/缺失;Cyt b片段存在347个碱基（318个简约信息位点）变异位点,16个碱基插入/缺失.数据分析结果支持3种星虫和环节动物的分类地位较近,与软体动物较远的分类观点.此外,裸体方格星虫与澳洲管体星虫之间亲缘关系较近（D=0.3159、03156、0.2361）.认为3种星虫线粒体16S rRNA、COⅠ和Cyt b基因在种间存在明显的多态性,证实了三种基因序列均普遍适用于星虫种及以上阶元的系统学分析. 相似文献
7.
【目的】为促进长茎葡萄蕨藻（Caulerpa lentillifera）的开发利用,研究长茎葡萄蕨藻多糖的理化性质和对免疫抑制小鼠的调节作用。【方法】以海南养殖的长茎葡萄蕨藻为研究对象,采用水提醇沉和离子交换柱层析获得多糖成分,用高效凝胶渗透色谱和高效液相色谱法分析多糖分子质量和单糖组成等理化性质,并从动物水平研究多糖对免疫抑制小鼠的免疫调节和抗氧化活性。【结果与结论】长茎葡萄蕨藻粗多糖产率为5.04%,粗多糖脱蛋白后,经强阴离子交换柱层析纯化得到主要多糖组分CP0。理化性质分析表明,CP0的总糖质量分数为70%,硫酸基质量分数为11%;主要由甘露糖、半乳糖和木糖组成,比例为4.4:4.0:1.4,还含有微量的葡萄糖。表明CP0是硫酸化的木糖半乳甘露聚糖,相对分子质量为471 000。原子力显微镜显示,CP0为直径约100 nm的近球体结构。CP0对免疫抑制小鼠脾脏指数、胸腺指数有显著影响（P <0.05）,对小鼠白介素（IL2、IL4、IL10）、干扰素（IFN）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）、肠道分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)等6种免疫因子有显著调节作用（P <0.05）,对... 相似文献
8.
《广东海洋大学学报》2021,(4)
【目的】研究海带岩藻多糖(Fucoidan)对Aβ25-35(Amyloidβ)诱导原代皮层神经突起萎缩和神经元凋亡的抑制作用。【方法】以Aβ25-35诱导的人神经母细胞瘤细胞(SH-SY5Y)和原代小鼠皮层神经元损伤为模型,采用CCK8法测定细胞存活率,免疫细胞化学法测定岩藻多糖对神经突起再生和神经元的保护作用。【结果】CCK8结果表明,岩藻多糖在0.1～1 000μg/m L时对SH-SY5Y细胞无明显毒性作用(P 0.05),在10～1 000μg/m L时可显著降低Aβ25-35诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡(P0.05),且呈现浓度依赖性;对该结果在原代小鼠皮层神经元上进行验证,发现岩藻多糖在0.1～1.0 mg/m L浓度时显著降低Aβ25-35诱导的神经元凋亡(P 0.01),同时极显著抑制Aβ25-35造成的神经突起萎缩并促进突起再伸长(P 0.001)。【结论】海带岩藻多糖可显著抑制Aβ25-35诱导的神经突起萎缩和神经元凋亡,促进突起再生,提示其可作为阿尔茨海默病药物开发的先导化合物。 相似文献
9.
采用实验生态学方法,比较了温度和体质量对光裸星虫排氨率和耗氧率的影响,按光裸星虫湿体质量设立了大规格(L组)、中规格(M组)和小规格(S组)3组,设立10℃、15℃、20℃、25℃和30℃共5个温度梯度。结果表明:(1)在15℃～25℃,3种规格的星虫的耗氧率都随温度的升高而增加,当温度升至30℃时,S组的耗氧率继续随温度的升高而增加,而L组和M组的耗氧率则出现下降的趋势。在相同温度条件下(10℃除外),3种规格的星虫耗氧率比较为:S组>L组>M组,在10℃条件下各组间的耗氧率无显著性差异(p>0.05),在温度15℃～30℃各组间的耗氧率存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。(2)在温度10℃～30℃,三种规格的星虫的排氨率都随着温度的升高而增加。在相同的温度条件下,3种规格的星虫排氨率比较为:S组>L组>M组,在10℃条件下,各组间的排氨率无显著性差异(p>0.05),在15℃～30℃时,各组间的排氨率存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。(3)方差分析结果表明,温度,体质量以及相互作用均对耗氧率和排氨率存在显著性影响(p<0.05)。 相似文献
10.
《广东海洋大学学报》2016,(1)
测定广东湛江、广西北海、福建漳州等地4个主产区的光裸星虫(Sipunculus nudus)的主要营养成分,分析光裸星虫群体间营养差异。结果表明,光裸星虫体壁的水分的平均质量分数为(79.39±1.81)%,体壁干品中粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分的平均质量分数分别为、(80.54±3.11)%、(1.45±0.27)%和(9.75±2.14)%。体壁干品中共检测到16种氨基酸,氨基酸总量(TAA)、必需氨基酸(EAA)、呈味氨基酸(DAA)的平均质量分数分别为(63.91±1.78)%、(21.76±0.63)%、(32.23±0.64)%;含量最高的5种氨基酸中,4种为呈味氨基酸,其中谷氨酸质量分数9.51±0.26%为最高,天冬氨酸(6.58±0.22)%为其次。光裸星虫的第一限制氨基酸和第二限制氨基酸分别是蛋氨酸和缬氨酸。4个群体的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、氨基酸总量(TAA)、呈味氨基酸质量分数(DAA)等营养指标差异具统计学意义(P0.05),必需氨基酸质量分数(EAA)、EAA/TAA、DAA/TAA、非必需氨基酸质量分数(NEAA)、EAA/NEAA等指标差异不具统计学意义(P0.05)。光裸星虫是一种优质的高蛋白、低脂肪、味道鲜美、营养丰富的海产品。 相似文献
11.
【目的】探究不同碳水化合物与蛋白质水平配合饲料对光裸星虫(Sipunculus nudus)稚虫生长及体壁营养成分的影响。【方法】以碳水化合物/蛋白质质量分数分别为39.46%/20.67%(EG1组)、34.97%/24.02%(EG2组)、30.48%/27.37%(EG3组)、25.99%/30.72%(EG4组)和21.50%/34.07%(EG5组)的饲料,饲喂体质量为(2.45±0.40)g的光裸星虫稚虫12周,测定稚虫的生长指标及体壁一般营养成分及氨基酸组成。【结果】随着碳水化合物水平降低、蛋白质水平升高,各饲料组光裸星虫的增重率和特定生长率均呈先升后降的趋势,其中EG2组的增重率和特定生长率显著性高于其余4组(P<0.05);EG2组的存活率显著高于EG3组、EG5组(P<0.05),但与EG1组、EG4组差异不显著(P>0.05);不同碳水化合物蛋白质水平饲料会影响光裸星虫稚虫体壁的水分及其干物质的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、酪氨酸和精氨酸的含量(P<0.05),而各组的其他氨基酸含量、必需氨基酸总量、呈味氨基酸总量、氨基酸总量则差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】当饲料碳水化合物/蛋白质质量分数为34.97%/24.02%时,光裸星虫增重率和特定生长率最高,且不会影响其体壁的氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸和呈味氨基酸含量。 相似文献
12.
湛江地区光裸星虫的生殖细胞发育和生殖周期 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用活体观察和常规石蜡切片技术对湛江地区光裸星虫生殖周期、生殖细胞的发育及形态结构进行研究。结果表明:星虫雌雄异体,无肉眼可见生殖腺结构,原生殖细胞在体腔液中发育;雌性生殖细胞根据其卵膜的形成和卵黄积累情况可以分为4个发育阶段,小生长期、大生长期、成熟前期和成熟期;雄性生殖细胞也分为增殖期、生长期、成熟期和变态期4个阶段;成熟的生殖细胞经肾管排出体外。生殖季节为5~9月,其中7~8月为高峰期。 相似文献
13.
In this study,a polysaccharide from Enteromorpha prolifera(EP)was extracted and its effect on maize seedlings under NaCl stress was investigated.Firstly,the components and structure of the EP were determined.We found that EP is a sulfated polysaccharide of high-molecular weight(Mw,1 840 KDa)heteropoly saccharides and the main mono saccharide is rhamno se.The poly saccharide was applied to explore its effect on the growth of maize seedlings and its defense response under a salt stress.The results show that EP could promote the growth of maize seedlings under the salt stress.In addition,EP was shown able to significantly regulate membrane permeability and adjustment of osmotic substances such as soluble protein,soluble sugar,and proline,antioxidant enzymes containing superoxide dismutase,catalase,peroxidase,and ascorbate peroxidase.Therefore,EP is an effective salt-resistant substance for the growth of maize seedlings under NaCl stress. 相似文献
14.
Edible Peanut Worm(Sipunculus nudus) in the Beibu Gulf: Resource,Aquaculture, Ecological Impact and Counterplan 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2017,(5)
Sipunculus nudus is an important economic species because of its high nutritional and medicinal values. The exploitation and utilization of S. nudus primarily occur in the coastal regions of the Beibu Gulf. However, wild resource of S. nudus is rapidly decreasing because of the overexploitation, which has led to considerable developments of artificial breeding techniques. The cultivation scale of S. nudus has increased in response to successful artificial breeding; however, methods for culturing S. nudus in tidal flats or ponds require further study. Most studies have focused on the breeding, nutrition, medical value and ecological impact of these worms. Studies on the distribution, sediment requirements, nutrition characteristics, breeding techniques and aquaculture ecology of this species are summarized in this paper to promote the development of the aquaculture industry for S. nudus. The high biomass of S. nudus in the Beibu Gulf is positively correlated with the sediment characteristics and water quality of the region. The production of peanut worm has improved to some extent through culturing; however, the nutrient value and ecological environment problems have been observed, which reflect the over exploitation of trace elements and the sediment. These problems will worsen unless they are resolved, and the release of organic materials, nitrogen and phosphorus during harvesting impacts the coastal environment. Moreover, genetic erosion is a potential risk for larvae in artificial breeding programs in tidal flats. Therefore, culturing and collecting methods should be improved and the wild resource conservation should be implemented to promote the sustainable development of the peanut worm. 相似文献
15.
Marine organisms constitute unlimited resource of bioactive substances due to their high biodiversity and represent a valuable source of new compounds. This study optimized the alkali-extraction conditions and antioxidant activities of soluble polysaccharides from the body wall of Sipunculus nudus. The effects of solid-liquid ratio, extraction duration, extraction temperature, and alkali concentration on the yield of S. nudus polysaccharides (SNP) were examined, according to which the optimal combination of extraction parameters was obtained by an orthogonal test. The relative influencing importance of different extraction parameters on the yield of SNP followed the order as solid-liquid ratio > extraction temperature > alkali concentration > extraction duration. The highest extraction yield, 1.98%, was achieved under an optimal extraction condition: temperature 60°C, solid-liquid ratio 1:6 g mL?1, duration 5 h, and alkali (NaOH) mass fraction 6%. The in vitro antioxidant activities examination showed that extracted SNP under this optimized condition had strong power in reducing certain hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging abilities. The promising results showed that extracted SNP could be a potent natural antioxidant. 相似文献
16.
采用聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶垂直平板电泳对湛江地区的光裸星虫(Sipunculus nudus)3种组织(肠组织、体腔液和体壁肌肉)12种同工酶(SOD、EST、MDH、LDH、ALP、AMY、ME、ACP、G6PDH、SDH、ADH、GPI)进行检测分析。结果表明:检测的12种同工酶中的7种酶(SOD、EST、MDH、LDH、ALP、AMY、ME)具有明显的组织特异性;GPI在组织中表达不稳定,未检测到其他4种同工酶(ACP、G6PDH、SDH、ADH)的活性;光裸星虫酶谱带数目少,酶谱构型单一。并说明了对其种群内遗传生化特性进行系统研究的必要性。 相似文献
17.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2018,(6)
The antineoplastic activity of polysaccharide was investigated in Stichopus chlorontus, Isostichopus badionotus, Stichopus horrens and Holothuria lessoni massin. Crude polysaccharide was prepared with enzyme hydrolyzation method and purified by anion exchange chromatography using DEAE-sepharose fast flow column. The effect of polysaccharide on cells apoptosis of SiHa and U87 was examined with cell counting kit-8 colorimetry method. Western blotting was used to analyze related proteins of cellular apoptosis including p53 and Bcl-2. Results showed that there were two main components in each sea cucumber polysaccharide, which could be eluted down by 1.0 mol/LNaCl solution. The four types of polysaccharide in the second component were named as SC-2, IB-2, HLM-2 and SH-2, respectively. They were used for comparing the antineoplastic activity. Results showed that SC-2, IB-2, HLM-2 and SH-2 could promote apoptosis of U87 and SiHa cells. SH-2 and HLM-2 were selected for the subsequent experiment to explore the additional effect of U87 and SiHa cells, The protein expressions of Bcl-2 and p53 decreased considerably with the increase of polysaccharide concentration in U87 cells. In SiHa cells, protein expressions of Bcl-2 and high dosage group of p53 decreased significantly, whereas no obvious decrease was observed in other groups. The polysaccharides are more effective in promoting apoptosis of U87 and SiHa cells from S. horrens and H. lessoni massin than from the rest species. 相似文献
18.
Acidic polysaccharide, which has various biological activities, is one of the most important components of sea cucumber. In the present study, crude polysaccharide was extracted from four species of sea cucumber from three different geographical zones, Pearsonothuria graeffei (Pg) from Indo-Pacific, Holothuria vagabunda (Hv) from Norwegian Coast, Stichopus tremulu (St) from Western Indian Ocean, and Isostichopus badionotu (Ib) from Western Atlantic. The polysaccharide extract was separated and purified with a cellulose DEAE anion-exchange column to obtain corresponding sea cucumber fucans (SC-Fucs). The chemical property of these SC-Fucs, including molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and sulfate content, was determined. Their structure was compared simply with fourier infrared spectrum analyzer and identified with high temperature 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum analyzer (NMR) and room temperature 13C NMR. The results indicated that Fuc-Pg obtained from the torrid zone mainly contained 2,4-O-disulfated and non-sulfated fucose residue, whereas Fuc-Ib from the temperate zone contained non-, 2-O- and 2,4-O-disulfated fucose residue; Fuc-St from the frigid zone and Fuc-Hv from the torrid zone contained mainly non-sulfated fucose residue. The proton of SC-Fucs was better resolved via high temperature 1H NMR than via room temperature 1H NMR. The fingerprint of sea cucumber in different sea regions was established based on the index of anomer hydrogen signal in SC-Fucs. Further work will help to understand whether there exists a close relationship between the geographical area of sea cucumber and the sulfation pattern of SC-Fucs. 相似文献
19.
运用解剖学和组织学方法研究光裸星虫(Sipunculus nudus)消化系统结构。结果表明,光裸星虫消化系统由消化道和直肠盲囊组成,消化道可分为口、食道、下行肠、上行肠、直肠和肛门。口四周由具摄食作用的辐射状触手围绕。消化道管壁由黏膜层、黏膜下层和浆膜三层结构组成,黏膜层具有大量皱褶,黏膜下层和浆膜层中分布有大量颗粒细胞;无连续的肌肉层,只在黏膜下层内散布着数量不等的肌纤维。直肠盲囊细长,连接于上行肠末端,囊壁无分泌细胞,囊内充满黄色黏稠液状物质。 相似文献