共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
目的：评价钼靶超声联合与单一钼靶诊断乳腺癌准确率的对比及价值。方法：回顾性分析经手术及病理证实同时行钼靶与超声检查的乳腺癌患者62例,分别在未知及已知超声诊断的情况下对乳腺钼靶片进行分析诊断,与病理对照所得其准确率并进行对比。结果：62例乳腺癌,包括浸润性导管癌58例,小叶癌2例,髓样癌2例。单一钼靶诊断正确41例,钼... 相似文献
2.
目的:探讨小肠空气灌肠双源CT检查对小肠疾病的诊断价值。方法:15例临床怀疑小肠病变的患者,行双源CT检查前或后3天内行胶囊内镜检查。其中,男8例,女7例,年龄最大者42岁,最小者23岁。症状主要为腹痛10例,脓血便4例,不明原因消瘦1例,病程最长4年,最短1月。结果:胶囊内镜未见异常8例,双源CT检查亦未见异常;双源CT诊断克罗恩病4例,与胶囊内镜及临床诊断一致;胶囊内镜可疑肿瘤3例,双源CT发现2例并作出良恶性诊断,其中1例为空肠间质瘤,1例为回肠腺癌,经手术病理证实;仅1例胶囊内镜可疑3cm大小肿瘤,双源CT未见异常,结合MRI检查及临床,证实为假阳性。结论:小肠空气灌肠双源CT检查,不仅可以显示小肠器质性病变范围、与邻近结构的关系,而且可以结合临床鉴别炎性病变与肿瘤性病变,并对肿瘤性病变做出良恶性鉴别;还可以为胶囊内镜所见病变定位及排除假阳性问题。 相似文献
3.
目的：探讨磁共振胰胆管成像（MRCP）和常规MRI对胆囊增大的诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析经腹腔镜或外科手术证实的29例胆囊增大病人的临床和影像资料。对每一例患者在术前行MRCP和常规轴面T1WI与T2WI联合检查,将影像诊断与手术所见及病理诊断结果对照,评价术前MRCP和MRI对胆囊增大病因的诊断正确率。结果：①本组增大胆囊的长径范围为8.01～18.13cm（平均11.93cm±3.20）,横径范围为4.12～7.05cm（平均4.59cm±0.91）;②29例胆囊增大的病因诊断如下：与胆道结石相关的良性病变17例（胆总管结石7例、急性与慢性胆囊炎伴胆囊结石4例、胆囊腺肌瘤病和Mirizzi综合征各3例）,低张力胆囊1例,MRCP和MRI的诊断敏感度为83.33%（15/18）,特异度为72.22%（13/18）;由肿瘤性病变引起的胆囊增大11例（胆囊癌1例、肝门胆管癌1例、胆总管癌5例及壶腹周围癌4例）,MRCP和MRI的诊断敏感度为90.90%（10/11）,特异度为81.81%（9/11）。结论：胆囊增大可由良、恶性胆囊疾病与肝外胆管梗阻性病变引起,MRCP和常规MRI联合检查有助于明确病因诊断。 相似文献
4.
目的:通过对较大样本宫颈病例的MRI表现进行比较,探讨不同种类宫颈肿瘤的MRI表现特征及其病理基础,从而评价MRI对宫颈良恶性病变的诊断价值。方法:随机选取在我院接受手术的宫颈肿瘤患者620例,共655个病灶。所有病例均行MR平扫,动态增强,扩散加权成像检查,探究宫颈恶性以及良性病变的分布情况;分析MRI对浸润性以及非浸润性宫颈癌诊断的敏感性和特异性;比较超声造影与MRI在诊断肿瘤大小、浸润深度、宫旁浸润、淋巴结转移以及临床分期的准确率。结果:通过MRI检查,可发现宫颈恶性病灶405个,良性病灶250个,其中良性病灶中位直径1.50cm,恶性病灶中位直径2.32cm;良性病变中位年龄40.42岁,恶性病变中位年龄46.57岁;宫颈MRI对于浸润性宫颈癌的敏感和特异性高于非浸润性宫颈癌(P<0.05);MRI在诊断宫旁浸润的准确率为92.3%,诊断淋巴结转移的准确率为93.4%,临床分期的准确率为95.2%,均高于超声造影准确率(P<0.05)。结论:宫颈MRI对于浸润性宫颈癌的敏感和特异性高于非浸润性宫颈癌(P<0.05);MRI在诊断宫旁浸润、淋巴结转移、临床分期的准确率明显高于超声造影(P<0.05)。研究表明MRI在宫颈癌诊断中起到了重要的作用,对MRI技术的熟练与改进有助于提高宫颈癌诊断的准确率。 相似文献
5.
目的:探讨胸部多层螺旋CT（MSCT）对乳腺肿块的诊断价值。方法:收集经手术病理证实的72例乳腺肿块患者的术前胸部MSCT及乳腺X线摄影的影像学资料，包括乳腺恶性肿块54例，良性肿块18例。根据患者乳腺腺体类型分为非致密型组（23例）、致密型组（49例）。以病理检查结果为参考，评价胸部MSCT检查及乳腺X线摄影对不同腺体类型乳腺肿块的诊断效能。结果:致密型乳腺组，胸部MSCT对恶性肿块诊断准确率为89.19%，高于乳腺X线摄影的67.57%，差异有统计学意义（P=0.024，χ2=5.103）；胸部MSCT对良性肿块诊断准确率为75%，高于乳腺X线摄影的58.33%。非致密型乳腺组，乳腺X线摄影对恶性肿块诊断准确率94.12%，略高于胸部MSCT 82.35%。胸部MSCT、乳腺X线摄影对全部乳腺肿块诊断准确率分别为86.11%和75%。胸部MSCT对转移性淋巴结及胸部转移灶的检出率优于乳腺X线摄影。结论:胸部MSCT对乳腺肿块的定性诊断具有较高价值。胸部MSCT对致密型乳腺中肿块的诊断较乳腺X线摄影可提供更多信息、提高诊断准确率。 相似文献
6.
目的:探讨磁共振背景信号抑制弥散加权成像技术在胸部肿瘤性病变诊断中的应用价值。材料与方法:选择2009年1月～2010年12月在北京煤炭总医院就诊的临床怀疑胸部肿瘤患者102例,共计158处病灶,包括肺癌病灶33例,肺部良性肿瘤性病变18例,恶性淋巴瘤病灶24例,纵隔及腋下淋巴结转移病灶24例,乳腺癌病灶22例,乳腺良性病灶17例,20处正常乳腺组织。全部病例均行磁共振背景信号抑制弥散加权STIR-EPI序列成像,其中33例病灶同时行SE-EPI(SPIR)序列扫描,另有4例行全身大范围采集,包括胸部、腹部及盆腔;DWIBS图像后处理后可获得ADC图,利用ADC图各病变的ADC值,对其进行评价;利用3D MIP重建及黑白翻转技术立体观察病灶。结果:①STIR-EPI的背景抑制效果优于SE-EPI(SPIR)(P<0.05),经过3D MIP重建及黑白翻转技术可以得到类PET图像,从而更加清晰地观察病变。②胸部转移淋巴结ADC值为(1.37±0.41)mm2/s×10-3,而胸部淋巴瘤ADC值约为(0.91±0.12)mm2/s×10-3,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);肺癌ADC值为(1.61±0.18)mm2/s×10-3,肺部良性肿瘤性病变ADC值为(2.06±0.21)mm2/s×10-3,差异有统计学意义;乳腺癌病灶、乳腺良性病灶和乳腺正常组织ADC值分别为(1.01±0.13)mm2/s×10-3、(1.81±0.18)mm2/s×10-3、(1.91±0.26)mm2/s×10-3,两两比较差异均有统计学意义。③不同类型胸部肿瘤性病变ADC值比较,除正常乳腺组织与乳腺良性病变、恶性淋巴瘤和乳腺癌之间差异无统计学意义外,其余各组之间差异均有统计学意义。④4例患者行大范围扫描(胸部、腹部及盆腔),3例发现远处转移。结论:①磁共振背景信号抑制弥散加权成像是一种安全有效的影像学检查方法;②胸部肿瘤性病变中,恶性病变ADC值低于良性病变,可以帮助判断病变良恶性;③不同类型恶性肿瘤ADC值不同,可用于鉴别诊断;④可用于肿瘤的筛查及疗效评估。 相似文献
7.
十二指肠间质瘤的影像学表现与病理对照分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:分析十二指肠间质瘤的CT、MRI表现,旨在提高对十二指肠间质瘤的诊断水平.方法:回顾性分析16例经免疫组化证实的十二指肠间质瘤的CT和MRI表现,其中12例患者行CT检查,4例行MRI检查,将影像学表现与手术病理结果对照.结果:16例患者中,病理诊断交界性或交界性偏低度恶性潜能5例,低度恶性4例,中-高度恶性7例... 相似文献
8.
目的:探讨MRI对良恶性滋养细胞疾病（GTD）的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析55例（良性15例,恶性40例）经临床手术病理证实GTD的MRI表现。结果:15例良性病灶均位于宫腔,子宫肌层无受累;40例恶性病灶位于宫腔26例,宫颈管2例,均伴有子宫肌层浸润;位于子宫肌层12例,位于肌层的病灶,子宫结合带连续。MRI表现为病灶呈混杂信号影,T1WI于低信号中夹杂高信号者良性3例、恶性20例;增强扫描后40例恶性病变中10例呈动脉期强化,15例病灶分隔及实性部分中度以上强化,15例囊性病灶中央可见“暴风雪”样强化。良性均呈分隔状、渐进性持续性强化。31例恶性病变周围及肌层、宫旁可见增多增粗迂曲的流空血管影,5例良性病变宫旁见增多血管影,MR增强扫描显示清晰。结论:良恶性GTD的MRI表现具有一定特征性,可以很好的显示肿瘤侵及范围,早期有助于提示良恶性,为临床诊断及治疗提供依据。 相似文献
9.
目的:探讨青年女性乳腺浸润性导管癌T2WI特征，联合ADC值与Ki-67表达相关性。方法:选取我院2018年至2019年经手术或穿刺活检证实的青年组浸润性导管癌患者13例（≤35岁）作为研究对象。回顾性分析MRI平扫序列中病灶组织的T2加权信号特征和表观弥散系数（ADC）值，并选取免疫组织化学方法计算出Ki-67（增殖细胞的活性）的百分比值。结果:青年女性乳腺浸润性导管癌组织的ADC值范围为（0.78±0.08）10-3/mm2，所检测的Ki-67的阳性表达率约为92%。在病灶组织中，T2WI呈现稍高信号，与Ki-67的阳性表达率呈正相关，ADC值与Ki-67在一定范围内呈负相关。结论:青年女性乳腺浸润性导管癌MRI检查中T2WI序列信号特征多表现为稍高信号（84%）或等信号（16%）；伴随有ADC值下降至一定范围（<1×10-3/mm2），Ki-67呈现阳性表达率显著增高。T2WI信号特征联合ADC值对青年女性乳腺浸润性导管癌患者的诊断、临床治疗方法的选择及预后的预估有重要参考价值。 相似文献
10.
笔者报告了26例CT检查,手术病理及细胞学诊断确诊的胸腺肿块病例,探讨了良性、恶性胸腺肿瘤的CT诊断和鉴别诊断,认为胸腺肿块的密度、形状、钙化等征象的分析是诊断和鉴别诊断的关键。 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
18.
Gtz Schroth Luciana Ferreira Da Silva Marc‐Andree Wolf Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira Wolfgang Zech 《水文研究》1999,13(10):1423-1436
The partitioning of rain water into throughfall, stemflow and interception loss when passing through plant canopies depends on properties of the respective plant species, such as leaf area and branch angles. In heterogeneous vegetation, such as tropical forest or polycultural systems, the presence of different plant species may consequently result in a mosaic of situations with respect to quantity and quality of water inputs into the soil. As these processes influence not only the water availability for the plants, but also water infiltration and nutrient leaching, the understanding of plant effects on the repartitioning of rain water may help in the optimization of land use systems and management practices. We measured throughfall and stemflow in a perennial polyculture (multi‐strata agroforestry), monocultures of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for fruit and for palmito, a monoculture of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), spontaneous fallow and primary forest during one year in central Amazonia, Brazil. The effect on rain water partitioning was measured separately for four useful tree species in the polyculture and for two tree species in the primary forest. Throughfall at two stem distances, and stemflow, differed significantly between tree species, resulting in pronounced spatial patterns of water input into the soil in the polyculture system. For two tree species, peach palm for fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa), the water input into the soil near the stem was significantly higher than the open‐area rainfall. This could lead to increased nutrient leaching when fertilizer is applied close to the stem of these trees. In the primary forest, such spatial patterns could also be detected, with significantly higher water input near a palm (Oenocarpus bacaba) than near a dicotyledonous tree species (Eschweilera sp.). Interception losses were 6·4% in the polyculture, 13·9 and 12·3% in the peach palm monocultures for fruit and for palmito, respectively, 0·5% in the cupuaçu monoculture and 3·1% in the fallow. With more than 20% of the open‐area rainfall, the highest stemflow contributions to the water input into the soil were measured in the palm monocultures and in the fallow. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101
Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate. 相似文献
20.