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1.
五大连池以其独特的火山地貌 景观和疗效神奇的矿泉水而闻名于中外，是旅游，疗养和地质考察最好的云处。参观考察的内容是火山与矿泉，重点参观１７１９－１７２１年喷发形成的老黑山，火烧山两座火山及熔岩流动形成各种形迹同时还参观老期火 山，冰洞，矿泉，药泉山公园及五大连池风光。 相似文献
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本文对１９８７—１９９３年间，山西５０个矿泉水点１０１份饮用天然矿泉水细菌总数和总大肠菌群进行了检验，其中６４份合格，合格率为６３；３７％。表明山西饮用天然矿泉水源受微生物的污染较为严重，污染程度与水源出露形式和季节变化关系不明显，而主要与矿泉水出露环境的防护措施有密切关系。 相似文献
3.
中国东北与俄罗斯远东富CO2矿泉是宝贵的饮用、医用矿水资源。五大连池、长白山天池、俄罗斯远东Primorye地区各泉水水化学特征对比显示,中国东北五大连池与俄罗斯远东Primorye地区出露泉水为低温、微酸、HCO3型、富含Si、Fe、Sr和CO2气体的综合优质饮用矿泉水;长白山天池出露泉水为高温、中性-微碱、HCO3型、富含Si和CO2气体的优质热矿泉水。五大连池和俄罗斯远东富CO2冷矿泉与长白山天池富CO2热矿泉具有相似而不同的形成过程,CO2气体对水化学的形成起了决定性的作用,广泛发育的花岗岩提供了富CO2热泉的物质来源,断层破碎带增加了CO2气体-地下水-花岗岩之间的反应程度,温度仅对可溶性Si有影响。 相似文献
4.
本文在介绍了世界文化和自然遗产及我国的世界遗产之后,着重论述了五大连池申报世界自然遗产的条件：国家重点风景名胜区和国家保护区、我国历史文献记载喷发活动最话详细的近代火山、火山及矿泉研究具国内领先水平,火山景观的多样性,板块内典型火山及“中国矿泉水之乡”。并提出了制定保护规划、防治污染、正确处理旅游与保护的关系,健全管理机构和做好申报前期工作等建议。 相似文献
5.
分析了慈坑矿泉水赋存的地质与水文地质条件,阐述了矿泉水特征,指出其矿泉类型为重碳酸钙型含锶偏硅酸饮用天然矿泉水,并讨从该地区断裂构造、补给条件、水化学成分、形成机理等几个方面对慈坑饮用天然矿泉水成因进行了分析。 相似文献
6.
论五大连池申报世界自然遗产 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文在介绍了世界文化和自然遗产及我国的世界遗产之后，着重论述了五大连池申报世界自然遗产的条件：国家重点风景名胜区和国家自然保护区、我国历史文献记载喷发活动最详细的近代火山、火山及矿泉研究具国内领先水平、火山景观的多样性、板块内部的典型火山及“中国矿泉水之乡”。并提出了制定保护规划、防治污染、正确处理旅游与保护的关系、健全管理机构和做好申报前期工作等建议。 相似文献
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8.
蓝田县灞河谷地是最近查明的一个饮用天然矿泉水集中区,已发现16处矿泉水。本文从这些矿泉水产出的地质—水文地质条件,分析了矿泉水的分布规律,进而论述了矿泉水水质、水量特征和可开采资源的保证程度,并对矿泉点的开发利用条件进行了多因素综合评价。 相似文献
9.
通过浅谈湛江市坡头区某天然矿泉水环境水文地质条件及赋存的水文地质条件,基本查明了矿泉水产出的地质、水文地质特征,查明了矿泉水水量、水位、水温和水质特征及其变化规律,为合理开发矿泉水提供了可靠的地质、水文地质依据。 相似文献
10.
湖北清江和尚洞滴水微生物群落随空间和季节的变化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了考察现代微生物群落对环境因子的响应关系及其在古气候重建中的应用潜力, 利用微生物学传统的培养计数、荧光染色总菌计数和BIOLOG的ECO微平板等技术对湖北省清江和尚洞内不同地点的滴水由内至外进行了空间和季节性的动态监测, 4个滴水点由内向外编号依次为1D、3D、4D和5D.结果证实湖北清江和尚洞洞穴滴水中存在一定数量的微生物.不同样点微生物的代谢活性不同, 1D样品中的微生物群落代谢活性最高, 3D表现出与1D相似的代谢特征, 但平均颜色变化率(AWCD: 微生物对碳源的利用程度, 颜色变化率越高, 表明微生物代谢越旺盛)较1D小, 4D和5D样品在接种24h后平均颜色变化率(AWCD)基本保持不变.对微生物代谢较为旺盛的1D、3D两个样品中不同时间内微生物群落的多样性指数进行分析, 表明洞穴滴水中微生物多样性相对稳定, 随采样季节的变化不大.相对于3D、1D的4个不同季节(采样时间)微生物群落对碳源种类的利用上存在一定差异.1D水样在2006秋季(2006年11月份)、2007春季(2007年5月)和2009年夏季(2009年7月份)微生物群落利用碳源种类上比较接近, 而在2008年初秋(2008年9月)碳源利用种类与前三者的差异明显.与1D相比, 3D的4个不同采样时间的滴水微生物群落在主成分1和主成分2的得分系数比较接近, 群落碳源代谢功能多样性差别不大.这种变化可能反映了不同季节滴水中可溶有机质成分(DOC)的变化及微生物群落成分的变化, 暗示了微生物群落结构变化在指示气候变化应用中的巨大潜力.但微生物群落多样性与代谢功能多样性与气候因子之间的关系尚需深入研究. 相似文献
11.
Origin and classification of springs and historical review with current applications 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Numerous geologic processes operate to form the many types of springs in existence today. Karst springs, glacial springs, and thermal springs are reviewed with examples from different parts of the world to emphasize the diversity of their origin. Since Meinzer's classification in 1927, the classification of springs has changed as our understanding of their origin and our scientific knowledge of springs have increased. Today several different classifications have been developed that concentrate on one or more specific characteristics such as size, mineral content, or temperature. A historic sketch of the classification of springs that documents the most common classifications in use is presented. From this historical perspective it is apparent how our understanding of springs, combined with technological advances, will affect future trends in the classification of springs. Eventually a definitive classification of springs, scientific as well as legal, combined with computer data bases, will aid not only in our academic understanding of springs, but in our practical usage. In the late 20th century, there has been increased demand for spring, mineral, and curative waters. Springs, specifically their origin, have become increasingly important. Legislation to protect the rights and safety of consumers regarding springs is forthcoming from state, federal, national, and international organizations. Some current legislation will be highlighted to provide some insight into how exactly these legal rulings affect our use and definitions of springs. The purpose of this paper is to establish the geological/ hydrogeological framework for the diversity of origin and form of springs in addition to providing a historical perspective on classification systems throughout the ages. 相似文献
12.
2006年7月和9月在重庆金佛山地区选取22个地下水出露的泉点.对泉水的地球化学性质进行详细调查。利用野外和实验室测量手段得到了主要阴离子和阳离子浓度与物理化学参数。分析得知:研究区泉水的水化学类型为Ca-HCO_3和Ca、Mg-HCO_3;结合地质和地貌背景把它们分为6个泉群,分别讨论各泉群的空间分布意义;估算泉水方解石(SI_C)、白云石(SI_D)和石膏(SI_G)的饱和指数,即可反映地层岩性、地形和地下水的运移时间对水质的影响,该区地下水基本上是来自大气降水的下渗.没有深部含水层的上升混合.这些泉水的地球化学特征以及它们的空间分布规律能够很好地反映区内地质状况.该研究可以为金佛山地区地下水资源的调查和环境保护提供基础数据。 相似文献
13.
Gaoyuan Li Hongchen Jiang Weiguo Hou Shang Wang Liuqin Huang Huilei Ren Shicai Deng Hailiang Dong 《地学前缘(英文版)》2012,3(3):317-325
The microbial diversity in Wuli Area,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau was investigated using 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analyses.A total of 117 bacterial and 66 archaeal 16S rRNA gene clones were obtained from the Wuli cold springs.The bacterial clones could be classified into Pwteobacteria,Acidobacteria, Deinococci,Sphingobacteria,Flavobacteria.Nitrospirae,Actinobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes, and unclassified-bacteria;and the archaeal clones could be classified into Crenarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota.Among the major groups,Pwteobacteria and Crenarchaeota were dominant in the bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA gene clone libraries,respectively.The clone sequences obtained in Wuli cold springs were closely related to those from cold habitats,such as snow/ice/soils on high mountains or at high latitude.Especially,the microbial community composition of Wuli Area was more similar to that in Tibetan glaciers than cold environments of other locations.The data presented in this study have implications for a better understanding of microbial diversity in cold springs on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. 相似文献
14.
为及时、准确地掌握金属矿山的开发状况,有针对性地对金属矿山开发引起的环境问题进行恢复治理,以ZY-3等高分辨率卫星遥感数据为信息源,对江西省上饶市德兴多金属矿集区金属矿的开采状况及引发的环境问题进行了研究。在广泛收集矿区地质矿产资料、地形资料和遥感资料的基础上,结合露天开采、地下开采、联合开采等不同开采方式的金属矿的影像特征和实地调查验证,建立了金属矿开发占地的直接和间接解译标志; 根据各类矿山地物的影像特征和解译标志,对研究区金属矿山开采情况和环境状况进行目视解译和人机交互解译,获取了研究区内各时相的矿山开发状况和环境状况信息; 利用ArcGIS平台中空间分析模块功能对各类开发占地的面积进行了统计分析; 根据统计数据对研究区的金属矿开采状况及其诱发的地质灾害、植被破坏、污染水体和固体废弃物等矿山环境问题进行分析,指明研究区矿山环境问题的研究现状及发展趋势,有针对性地提出建议,为矿山环境监测和矿山环境恢复治理工程提供参考依据。 相似文献
15.
矿产资源预测已从定性走向了定量,从数据稀疏型走向了数据密集型,亟须数据科学支撑。本文在前人研究基础上,讨论了基于数据科学的矿产资源定量预测理论与方法,该方法的理论基础为相关性理论与异常理论,前者采用监督的机器学习方法挖掘地质找矿大数据与矿床的相关性为预测未发现矿床提供了理论基础;后者采用非监督的机器学习方法识别地质找矿大数据蕴含的地质异常为预测矿床提供了理论依据。该理论与方法强调地质找矿大数据和机器学习的重要性,其中,数据种类的多样性及数据精度和质量会影响预测结果的好坏,机器学习可提高特征提取与信息集成融合效率。此外,本文讨论了基于数据科学的矿产资源定量预测理论与方法的技术框架、特征提取、数据集成融合方法,以及该理论与方法引入的不确定性。 相似文献
16.
Shang Wang Raymond M. Dong Christina Z. Dong Liuqin Huang Hongchen Jiang Yuli Wei Liang Feng Deng Liu Guifang Yang Chuanlun Zhang Hailiang Dong 《地学前缘(英文版)》2012,3(3):335-349
The Three Gorges Dam(TGD) of the Yangtze River.China,is one of the largest irrigation and hydroelectric engineering projects in the world.The effects of huge man-made projects like TGD on fauna and macrophyte are obvious,mainly through changes of water dynamics and flow pattern;however, it is less clear how microorganisms respond to such changes.This research was aimed to examine differences in microbial diversity at different seasons and locations(in front of and behind the TGD).In addition, differences between particle-attached and free-living communities were also examined.The community structures of total and potentially active microorganisms in the water columns behind and in front of the TGD were analyzed with the DNA- and RNA-based 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic approaches over three different seasons.Clone libraries of 16S rRNA genes were prepared after amplification from extracted DNA and.for some samples,after preparing cDNA from extracted rRNA.Differences were observed between sites at different seasons and between free-living and particle-attached communities.Both bacterial and archaeal communities were more diverse in summer than in winter, due to higher nutrient levels and warmer temperature in summer than in winter.Particle-attached microorganisms were more diverse than free-living communities,possibly because of higher nutrient levels and heterogeneous geochemical micro-environments in particles.Spatial variations in bacterial community structure were observed,i.e..the water reservoir behind the TGD(upstream) hosted more diverse bacterial populations than in front of the dam(downstream),because of diverse sources of sediments and waters from upstream to the reservoir.These results have important implications for our understanding of responses of microbial communities to environmental changes in river ecosystems affected by dam construction. 相似文献
17.
《Ore Geology Reviews》2003,22(1-2):117-132
A data-driven application of the theory of evidential belief to map mineral potential is demonstrated with a redefinition of procedures to estimate evidential belief functions. The redefined estimates of evidential belief functions take into account not only the spatial relationship of an evidence with the target mineral deposit but also consider the relationships among the subsets of spatial evidences within a set of evidential data layer. Proximity of geological features to mineral deposits is translated into spatial evidence and evidential belief functions are estimated for the proposition that mineral deposits exist in a test area. The integrated maps of degrees of belief for the proposition that mineral deposits exist in a test area is classified into a binary mineral potential map. For the Baguio district (Philippines), the binary gold potential map delineates (a) about 74% of the training data (i.e., locations of large-scale gold deposits) and (b) about 64% of the validation data (i.e., locations of small-scale gold deposits). The results demonstrate the usefulness of a geologically constrained mineral potential mapping using data-driven evidential belief functions to guide further surficial exploration work in the search for yet undiscovered gold deposits in the Baguio district. The results also indicate the usefulness of evidential belief functions for mapping uncertainties in the geologically constrained integrated predictive model of gold potential. 相似文献
18.
Thermal groundwater is currently being exploited for district-scale heating in many locations world-wide. The chemical compositions of these thermal waters reflect the provenance and circulation patterns of the groundwater, which are controlled by recharge, rock type and geological structure. Exploring the provenance of these waters using multivariate statistical analysis (MSA) techniques increases our understanding of the hydrothermal circulation systems, and provides a reliable tool for assessing these resources.Hydrochemical data from thermal springs situated in the Carboniferous Dublin Basin in east-central Ireland were explored using MSA, including hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), to investigate the source aquifers of the thermal groundwaters. To take into account the compositional nature of the hydrochemical data, compositional data analysis (CoDa) techniques were used to process the data prior to the MSA.The results of the MSA were examined alongside detailed time-lapse temperature measurements from several of the springs, and indicate the influence of three important hydrogeological processes on the hydrochemistry of the thermal waters: 1) salinity and increased water-rock interaction; 2) dissolution of carbonates; and 3) dissolution of sulfides, sulfates and oxides associated with mineral deposits. The use of MSA within the CoDa framework identified subtle temporal variations in the hydrochemistry of the thermal springs, which could not be identified with more traditional graphing methods, or with a standard statistical approach. The MSA was successful in distinguishing different geological settings and different annual behaviours within the group of springs. This study demonstrates the usefulness of the application of MSA within the CoDa framework in order to better understand the underlying controlling processes governing the hydrochemistry of a group of thermal springs in a low-enthalpy setting. 相似文献
19.
资源环境承载能力评价是进行国土空间规划和用途管控的基础性工作,越来越受到国家重视。在资源环境承载能力研究实践中,以自然资源环境系统及其与社会经济系统的关系为主要研究对象,创新性提出了"资源环境承载协调理论",并基于此理论初步建立了不同空间尺度的地质资源环境承载能力评价技术方法,构建了地质环境、地下水资源、矿产资源等不同资源环境要素的承载能力评价指标体系,包括承载本底评价指标和承载状态评价指标。规范了不同尺度的资源与环境承载能力评价流程,为有序推动全国、区域及市县尺度的自然单元和行政单元的地质资源环境承载能力评价工作提供了强有力的。 相似文献
20.
文章利用水化学、2H、18O同位素、87Sr/86Sr比值、13C和14C同位素对济南岩溶地下水补给来源、地热水补给来源进行研究。结果表明,岩溶冷水水化学类型以HCO3-Ca、HCO3·SO4-Ca型为主、地热水以SO4-Ca型为主。在旱季,间接补给区对泉群地下水补给比率在66.00%~73.58%之间,直接补给区仅占到26.42%~34.00%,旱季泉水的主要来源为间接补给区岩溶地下水。地热水受到了更新世以来的降水补给,是不同时期降水补给所形成的混合地下水,接受补给区域应为高程较高的张夏或者炒米店-三山子组地层,补给高程在350~550 m之间。 相似文献