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1.
The Yangbajing geothermal field with the highest reservoir temperature among Chinese hydrothermal systems is located about 90 km northwest to Lhasa City, capital of Tibet, where high temperature geothermal fluids occur in two reservoirs: a shallow one at a depth of 180–280 m and a deep one at 950–1,850 m. In this study, Oxygen-18 and deuterium isotope compositions as well as 87Sr/86Sr ratios of water samples collected from geothermal wells, cold springs and surface water bodies were characterized to understand the genesis of geothermal fluids at Yangbajing. The results show that the deep geothermal fluid is the mixing product of both magmatic and infiltrating snow-melt water, whereas the shallow geothermal fluid is formed by the mixing of deep geothermal fluid with cold groundwater. Using a binary mixing model with deep geothermal fluid and cold groundwater as two endmembers, the mixing ratios of the latter in most shallow geothermal water samples were calculated to be between 40 and 50%. The combined use of O, H, and Sr isotopes proves to be an effective approach to depict the major sources of geothermal fluids and the mixing processes occurring in two reservoirs at Yangbajing.  相似文献   

2.
中国典型高温热田热水的锶同位素研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  
滇藏地热带的热水大多是大气降水成因，大气降水沿断裂带向下渗透，随地温的增加而逐步升温，并不断地与深部岩石发生水岩相互作用，从造岩矿物中淋滤出锶组分。通过测定热水中的锶同位素组成，可以帮助确定热水的深部滞留环境，研究深、浅层热水的内在联系，区分出不同的水热循环系统。西藏羊八井热田深部由多期次花岗岩组成，岩性差别不大，而锶同位素差异比较明显。热田的深、浅层热水有着相似的^87Sr/^86Sr值，并且只与上新世花岗岩的锶同位素组成相接近，反映了深部热储的岩性特征。在热水从升流部位向排泄区运移时，浅层冷水、始新世火山岩和第四系砂砾岩对热水的锶同位素改造作用较小。云南腾冲热海热田是典型的有幔源岩浆囊作为热源的高温热田，热田由东、西两区组成，其气体和热水在化学组成上有一定的差异，^87Sr/^86Sr值也有明显的不同。因此，可以确定东、西两区的水热系统虽具有共同的热源，但两者之间的水力联系比较微弱，而且热水中的锶组分与热田内大面积出露的火山岩没有关联。  相似文献   

3.
小秦岭金矿田成因的锶同位素约束   总被引：5，自引：15，他引：5  
本文报道了前人对小秦岭金矿田部分金矿床流体包裹体、赋矿围岩(太华群)、文峪花岗岩的锶同位素结果以及作者新获得的中-新元古界地层(官道口群-栾川群)的缌同位素测试结果。鉴于小秦岭金矿田的金矿床和文峪花岗岩均形成于130Ma 左右,作者将所有~(87)Sr/~(86)比值返算为130Ma 时的初始值,即 I_(Sr-130)比值。文峪花岗岩的8件 I_(Sr-130)=0.7077～0.7084, 平均0.7082;太华群的12件 l_(Sr-130)=0.7073～0.8090,平均0.7557;中-新元古界地层的15件 I_(Sr-130)=0.7119～0.8373,平均0.7623;赋存于太华群中的金矿床流体包裹体的22件 I_(Sr-130)值变化于0.7334～0.7519,平均0.7440:赋存于文峪花岗岩中的矿脉流体包裹体7件 I_(Sr-130)=0.7135～0.71 85,平均0.7162。由此可见,赋存于太华群的金矿床 I_(Sr-130)值远高于文峪岩体,而落入太华群和中-新元古界地层的 I_(Sr-130)值范围,表明成矿流体不可能源于文峪花岗岩岩浆分异,而源于太华群和/或中-新元古界地层的变质脱水;赋存于文峪岩体中的含矿石英脉 I_(Sr-130)值低于太华群和/或中-新元古界地层,也低于太华群中的金矿床,但显著高于文峪岩体,应是高 I_(Sr-130)的成矿流体与低 I_(Sr-130)值的文峪花岗岩围岩相互作用的结果如此,碰撞造山成岩成矿与流体作用模式可较好阐释小秦岭金矿田的成因,即,中生代扬子与华北板块碰撞过程中,由中-新元古界地层及下伏太华群组成的陆壳板片沿小河断裂向北 A 型俯冲到小秦岭金矿田之下,俯冲板片经变质脱水作用为小秦岭金矿田形成提供了成矿流体,成矿流体与赋矿围岩的相互作用造成太华群中的矿脉与文峪岩体中的矿脉具有明显不同的 I_(Sr-130)值。  相似文献   

4.
呈层状、似层状产于震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中的马元铅锌矿床是近年来在扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。文章通过碳、氧、氢、硫、铅和锶同位素地球化学特征研究,探讨了成矿流体和成矿金属来源。研究结果表明:矿石中热液脉石矿物的δ13CPDB为-4.24‰~0.93‰,δ18OSMOW为15.92‰~23.24‰,表明成矿流体中的CO2为震旦系碳酸盐岩的溶解成因。矿石中硫化物的δ34S变化于12.94‰~19.4‰之间;硫酸盐矿物的δ34S为32.2‰~33.48‰,表明还原硫主要来自地层中海相硫酸盐的还原。矿石硫化物的铅同位素组成均一,206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb和208Pb/204Pb分别为17.62~18.02、15.49~15.63和37.57~38.35,成矿金属可能主要来源于震旦系—志留系。脉石矿物石英流体包裹体的δDFI为-92‰和-113‰,如果取成矿温度200℃,根据δ18O石英值计算的相应流体包裹体的δ18O水为6.03‰~12.73‰,推测成矿流体可能起源于大气降水为主的盆地卤水,或为其他来源的流体与有机质反应形成。成矿流体87Sr/86Sr为0.70967~0.71146,高于赋矿围岩震旦系灯影组白云岩锶同位素比值(0.70890~0.70945),表明成矿流体流经了古生代地层(及基底),并与其中具有高锶同位素比值的碎屑岩、页岩和泥岩等进行了水岩反应及同位素交换。  相似文献   

5.
江西相山铀矿田科学深钻3号孔在深部-700 m发现大量铅锌多金属矿化脉,垂向上呈"上铀下多金属"的分布特征。本文选取深部多金属矿脉主成矿阶段(S3)自形闪锌矿样品6件和不同阶段的毒砂、黄铁矿、方铅矿、方解石等样品12件,以及围岩全岩样品17件,进行了Rb、Sr同位素组成研究。结果表明:(1)由闪锌矿Rb-Sr等时线法确定的相山铀矿田深部多金属矿化形成于121. 0±3. 5Ma,与围岩火山岩存在较大时差,可能与晚于围岩的深部次火山有关。根据穿插关系,多金属矿化略晚于碱性交代铀矿化,但明显早于酸性交代铀矿化;(2)多金属矿化脉体中金属矿物的Rb和Sr含量分别介于0. 041×10~(-6)～1. 38×10-6和2. 35×10-6～23. 11×10-6之间,Sr同位素初始比值(87Sr/86Sr)i变化较大,介于0. 706114～0. 718814之间,平均值为0. 713579,暗示相山铀矿田深部多金属矿化的成矿物质主要来源于地壳。初始流体Sr同位素值(0. 718665)明显高于成矿时赋矿围岩(流纹英安岩为0. 714581,碎斑流纹岩为0. 714417)的Sr同位素组成,表明多金属成矿流体和物质并非来自围岩火山岩;(3)由早到晚阶段的(87Sr/86Sr)i呈明显降低的演化趋势,表明成矿流体演化过程中受到大气降水的不断稀释作用。相山矿田的铀矿和深部多金属矿化同形成于华南中生代板内伸展构造背景。  相似文献   

6.
Nd and Sr isotope analyses are presented for gangue mineral samples from the giant carbonate-hosted Navan Zn–Pb deposit, Ireland, and for rocks from which Navan metals may have been derived. Analysis of gangue minerals spanning the Navan paragenetic sequence reveals systematic evolution in the composition of the mineralising fluid. Early fluid represented by replacive dolomite exhibits the lowest initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio (0.7083–0.7086), closest to that of the host limestone and to Lower Carboniferous seawater, and the highest 143Nd/144Nd ratio (0.51161–0.51176). Later generations of dolomite, barite and calcite, which encompass sulphide precipitation, have higher initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (maximum 0.7105) and lower initial 143Nd/144Nd ratios (minimum 0.51157). All samples have initial Nd isotope ratios that are too low to have been acquired only from the host limestone. Drill core samples of presumed Ordovician volcanic and sedimentary rocks from beneath the Navan orebody have 143Nd/144Nd and 87Sr/86Sr ratios at the time of mineralisation of 0.51184–0.51217 and 0.7086–0.7138, respectively. The data are interpreted to indicate mixing of sulphide-rich, limestone-buffered brine, with a metal-bearing hydrothermal fluid, which had passed through sub-Carboniferous rocks, consistent with published fluid inclusion and S isotope data. The 143Nd/144Nd ratio of this basement-derived fluid is too low to have been imparted by flow through the Devonian Old Red Sandstone, as required in models of regional fluid flow in response to Hercynian uplift. Irrespective of whether such regional fluid flow occurred, the hydrothermal Nd must have been derived from sub-Devonian rocks. These conclusions broadly support the hydrothermal convection cell model in which brines, ultimately of surface origin, penetrated to a depth of several kilometres, leaching metals from the rocks through which they passed. The data also support increasing depth of penetration of convection cells with time. Metals were subsequently precipitated in carbonate rocks at sites of mixing with cooler, sulphide-rich fluids. However, comparison of the Navan hydrothermal gangue Nd–Sr isotope data with data from Lower Palaeozoic rocks strongly suggests that the latter cannot alone account for the “basement” signature. As the Navan deposit lies immediately north of the Iapetus Suture, this suggests that the Laurentian margin includes Precambrian basement.  相似文献   

7.
塔河油田溶洞巨晶方解石充填物的微量元素、碳、氧、锶同位素地球化学和流体包裹体的对比研究表明,不同井位巨晶方解石可能来源于不同的流体体系。T417井和S76井鹰山组、T904井一间房组及TS1井丘里塔格组溶洞巨晶方解石样品具有富U、高V/Cr特征,且均一温度主要分布于148.9～169.9℃,相对围岩所经历最高温度约20℃,反映为还原性的热液流体体系,该流体具有高~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr及低δ~(18)O的特征。T904井良里塔格组巨晶方解石具有贫U、低V/Cr及均一温度较低的特征(75～81℃),反映为富氧低温流体体系,结合样品的高~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr及低δ~(18)O特征,可以推测该低温流体可能为大气水来源。热液流体与大气淡水的运移受断层、裂缝和不整合面等因素控制,从而使得不同井位、层位的巨晶方解石沉淀时具有不同的流体成分与温度特征。  相似文献   

8.
古台山矿床是雪峰弧形构造带中段颇具代表性的石英脉型金锑矿床。矿床位于白马山复式岩体的外接触带,主要赋存于南华系长安组和板溪群五强溪组。本文对古台山矿床载金矿物毒砂流体包裹体氦、氩同位素和含矿石英流体包裹体铷、锶同位素进行了分析。He-Ar同位素分析显示,成矿流体的3He/4He为0.011~0.038 Ra,40Ar/36Ar值为414.4~732.6,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体,同时有部分大气降水的加入。Sr同位素分析显示,含矿石英流体包裹体87Rb/86Sr变化于0.013~0.956,87Sr/86Sr变化于0.72529~0.73245;利用前人获得的成矿年龄(223.6 Ma)进行了初始锶同位素组成的返算,获得其ISr-223.6变化于0.72360~0.73167,平均0.72744。通过与印支期白马山岩体、板溪群等相关地质体锶同位素组成对比,认为古台山矿床成矿流体不可能单独来源于岩浆,而是岩浆流体运移过程中与来自基底具有高锶同位素比值的碎屑岩水岩相互作用的结果。He-Ar同位素揭示矿区深部及周缘地区板溪群具有更好的资源潜力。  相似文献   

9.
Thermal water samples and related young and fossil mineralization from a geothermal system at the northern margin of the Upper Rhine Graben have been investigated by combining hydrochemistry with stable and Sr isotope geochemistry. Actively discharging thermal springs and mineralization are present in a structural zone that extends over at least 60 km along strike, with two of the main centers of hydrothermal activity being Wiesbaden and Bad Nauheim. This setting provides the rare opportunity to link the chemistry and isotopic signatures of modern thermal waters directly with fossil mineralization dating back to at least 500–800 ka. The fossil thermal spring mineralization can be classified into two major types: barite-(pyrite) fracture filling associated with laterally-extensive silicification; and barite, goethite and silica impregnation mineralization in Tertiary sediments. Additionally, carbonatic sinters occur around active springs. Strontium isotope and trace element data suggest that mixing of a hot (>100 °C), deep-sourced thermal water with cooler groundwater from shallow aquifers is responsible for present-day thermal spring discharge and fossil mineralization. The correlation between both Sr and S isotope ratios and the elevation of the barite mineralization relative to the present-day water table in Wiesbaden is explained by mixing of deep-sourced thermal water having high 87Sr/86Sr and low δ34S with shallow groundwater of lower 87Sr/86Sr and higher δ34S. The Sr isotope data demonstrate that the hot thermal waters originate from an aquifer in the Variscan crystalline basement at depths of 3–5 km. The S isotope data show that impregnation-type mineralization is strongly influenced by mixing with SO4 that has high δ34S values. The fracture style mineralization formed by cooling of the thermal waters, whereas impregnation-type mineralization precipitated by mixing with SO4-rich groundwater percolating through the sediments.  相似文献   

10.
The two world’s largest complexes of highly alkaline nepheline syenites and related rare metal loparite and eudialyte deposits, the Khibina and Lovozero massifs, occur in the central part of the Kola Peninsula. We measured for the first time in situ the trace element concentrations and the Sr, Nd and Hf isotope ratios by LA-ICP-MS (laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer) in loparite, eudialyte an in some other pegmatitic minerals. The results are in aggreement with the whole rock Sr and Nd isotope which suggests the formation of these superlarge rare metal deposits in a magmatic closed system. The initial Hf, Sr, Nd isotope ratios are similar to the isotopic signatures of OIB indicating depleted mantle as a source. This leads to the suggestion that the origin of these gigantic alkaline intrusions is connected to a deep seated mantle source—possibly to a lower mantle plume. The required combination of a depleted mantle and high rare metal enrichment in the source can be explained by the input of incompatible elements by metasomatising melts/fluids into the zones of alkaline magma generation shortly before the partial melting event (to avoid ingrowth of radiogenic isotopes). The minerals belovite and pyrochlore from the pegmatites are abnormally high in 87Sr /86Sr ratios. This may be explained by closed system isotope evolution as a result of a significant increase in Rb/Sr during the evolution of the peralkaline magma.  相似文献   

11.
晚古生代中国西南地区发生了"峨眉地裂运动",与此相关的深部热液作用在西昌盆地非常发育发育.对QB1井的研究表明,志留系第Ⅲ期裂缝及其中充填的异形白云石和石英是东吴期热液作用的产物,异形白云石的δ~(13)C值、δ~(18)O值异常偏负、锶同位素值异常偏高、异形白云石和石英内原生包裹体气相部分富含氮气(N_2)是这一期热液作用的地球化学标志;深部热液为幔源岩浆热液与盆地基底深变质岩地层热液的混合液,它们沿垂向断裂通道和侧向裂缝系统运移进入志留系,导致了不规则的张性热液破裂裂缝的形成、裂缝内异形白云石和石英的部分沉淀、以及溶蚀作用的发生;它们产生的缝洞系统,对西昌盆地志留系裂缝性储层的形成有重要贡献.  相似文献   

12.
川东飞仙关组白云岩包括微晶白云岩、具原始结构的粒屑白云岩和结晶白云岩等3种主要的结构类型,其中结晶白云岩是重要的天然气储集岩。根据白云岩的锶舍量和锶同位素组成,结合相关岩石学和地球化学资料,本文研究了白云石化过程中锶的迁移和相应的同位素变化。三种类型白云岩具有类似的锶含量,但其(87)~Sr/(86)~Sr 比值均不同程度地高于同期海水值,锶在白云石和方解石(或文石)中分配系数的差别是影响白云石化过程中白云石锶含量最为重要的因素。不同流体中锶的混合方程计算表明:如果白云石化流体是大气淡水和海水的混合流体,则结晶白云岩的白云石化流体相当于94%的大气淡水和6%的海水混合,具原始结构的粒屑白云岩的白云石化流体相当于81%的大气淡水和19%的海水混合,微晶白云岩的白云石化流体相当于92%的大气淡水和8%的海水混合。但极低的锰含量、相对较高的锶含量和包裹体均一化温度等资料均不支持有94%的大气淡水参与了结晶白云岩的白云石化作用,其白云石化流体应是埋藏成岩过程中囚禁的近同期、但是非同期的海源流体,其来源可能与埋藏成岩过程中该时间段蒸发盐的溶解有关。锰含量、锶含量、(87)~Sr/(86)~Sr 比值都表明具原始结构的粒屑白云岩和微晶白云岩的白云石化过程都存在大气淡水的介入,微晶白云岩的白云石化可能与潮坪环境的蒸发泵机理有关;具原始结构的粒屑白云岩的白云石化可能与混合水白云石化作用有关,这类白云岩分布于向上浅滩化旋回滩体的顶部,这是埋藏前或浅埋藏阶段大气淡水与海水混合白云石化作用最容易发生地带。  相似文献   

13.
以地质背景、物质组分和岩石组构分析为基础,对酒泉盆地青西凹陷下沟组湖相热水沉积钠长石—铁白云石岩进行了Sr同位素地球化学研究。结果表明,热水沉积岩87Sr／86Sr比值变化范围为0.712 25～0.717 81,平均值0.715 61,远高于同期海水和下沟组玄武岩,略高于代表早白垩世湖水锶同位素组成的藻灰岩,但低于基底壳源硅铝质岩,反映热流体不可能为单纯的湖水或幔源岩浆水;其中直接化学结晶沉淀的纹层状泥微晶热水沉积岩锶同位素比值变化范围较小,可代表均一化的热卤水池流体锶同位素组成特征;指示不同喷流口位置的“水爆角砾岩”锶同位素组成变化较大,但同一位置的热水角砾与胶结物锶同位素组成基本一致,说明两者应属于具相同成因意义的同期热水喷流沉积产物;综合青西凹陷下沟组湖相热水沉积岩锶同位素地球化学特征,初步推测早白垩世湖底热流体可能为富集硅铝质基底岩石高放射成因Sr的深循环下渗湖水与少量上升幔源岩浆水构成的混合热流体,可为青西凹陷早白垩世湖底热流体性质的确定以及热流体循环动力学模型和热水沉积模式的建立奠定基础。  相似文献   

14.
The formation of Parzán fluorite-lead «extension-type» vein (Spanish Central Pyrenees) is related to the post-Hercynian hydrothermal activity widespread not only in the Pyrenees but in Western Europe as well. The lode was later strongly deformed during the Alpine orogeny with textural modifications and destruction of primary fluid inclusions. In order to determine if geochemical signatures of the vein were disturbed during Alpine deformation, post-ore fluid inclusions and quartz oxygen-isotopes have been addressed. Microthermometry and X-ray microanalysis of frozen inclusions confirm the Na-Ca-Cl character of post-ore fluid circulations and indicate that they were originally derived from a single source: Triassic connate waters. Oxygen isotope data on quartz formed during deformation along with trace element geochemistry suggest that the geochemical signatures of the vein (mainly REE and 87Sr/86Sr) were apparently not reset during deformation. The REE content of fluorites is very high (up to 0.12%); the chondrite normalized REE patterns display a continuous decrease from La to Lu. Sulphur isotope data for the Parzán vein is outside the typical “deep seated” range, suggesting dominantly crustal sources of sulphur for sulphides, while formation waters may be proposed for barite. Parzán fluorites have the most radiogenic Sr values of all the investigated fluorite deposits in Central Pyrenees. They scatter in the range of both the igneous rocks and the Cambrian-Ordovician and Triassic detrital sequences of the Parzán area. If REE contents and 87Sr/86Sr ratios reflect the primary stage of vein filling as suggested by the good correlation between both geochemical signatures, the linear array between 87Sr/86Sr and 1/ΣREE is suggestive of a mixing process. The δ34S, δ18O and 87Sr/86Sr parameters in barite, which postdates the fluorite, also provide strong evidence that barite deposition is a result of fluid mixing. Such an interpretation is in line with present-day ideas for the genesis of many of the F-Ba-Pb-Zn vein deposits in the Hercynian belt of Iberia.  相似文献   

15.
The ultramafic-hosted Logatchev Hydrothermal Field (LHF) at 15°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the Arctic Gakkel Ridge (GR) feature carbonate precipitates (aragonite, calcite, and dolomite) in voids and fractures within different types of host rocks. We present chemical and Sr isotopic compositions of these different carbonates to examine the conditions that led to their formation. Our data reveal that different processes have led to the precipitation of carbonates in the various settings. Seawater-like 87Sr/86Sr ratios for aragonite in serpentinites (0.70909 to 0.70917) from the LHF are similar to those of aragonite from the GR (0.70912 to 0.70917) and indicate aragonite precipitation from seawater at ambient conditions at both sites. Aragonite veins in sulfide breccias from LHF also have seawater-like Sr isotope compositions (0.70909 to 0.70915), however, their rare earth element (REE) patterns show a clear positive europium (Eu) anomaly indicative of a small (< 1%) hydrothermal contribution. In contrast to aragonite, dolomite from the LHF has precipitated at much higher temperatures (~ 100 °C), and yet its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.70896 to 0.70907) are only slightly lower than those of aragonite. Even higher temperatures are calculated for the precipitation of deformed calcite veins in serpentine–talc fault schists form north of the LHF. These calcites show unradiogenic 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.70460 to 0.70499) indicative of precipitation from evolved hydrothermal fluids. A simple mixing model based on Sr mass balance and enthalpy conservation indicates strongly variable conditions of fluid mixing and heat transfers involved in carbonate formation. Dolomite precipitated from a mixture of 97% seawater and 3% hydrothermal fluid that should have had a temperature of approximately 14 °C assuming that no heat was transferred. The much higher apparent precipitation temperatures based on oxygen isotopes (~ 100 °C) may be indicative of conductive heating, probably of seawater prior to mixing. The hydrothermal calcite in the fault schist has precipitated from a mixture of 67% hydrothermal fluid and 33% seawater, which should have had an isenthalpic mixing temperature of ~ 250 °C. The significantly lower temperatures calculated from oxygen isotopes are likely due to conductive cooling of hydrothermal fluid discharging along faults. Rare earth element patterns corroborate the results of the mixing model, since the hydrothermal calcite, which formed from waters with the greatest hydrothermal contribution, has REE patterns that closely resemble those of vent fluids from the LHF. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that (1) precipitation from pure seawater, (2) conductive heating of seawater, and (3) conductive cooling of hydrothermal fluids in the sub-seafloor all can lead to carbonate precipitation within a single ultramafic-hosted hydrothermal system.  相似文献   

16.
The chemical and isotopic composition of pore fluids is presented for five deep-rooted mud volcanoes aligned on a transect across the Gulf of Cadiz continental margin at water depths between 350 and 3860 m. Generally decreasing interstitial Li concentrations and 87Sr/86Sr ratios with increasing distance from shore are attributed to systematically changing fluid sources across the continental margin. Although highest Li concentrations at the near-shore mud volcanoes coincide with high salinities derived from dissolution of halite and late-stage evaporites, clayey, terrigenous sediments are identified as the ultimate Li source to all pore fluids investigated. Light δ7Li values, partly close to those of hydrothermal vent fluids (δ7Li: +11.9‰), indicate that Li has been mobilized during high-temperature fluid/sediment or fluid/rock interactions in the deep sub-surface. Intense leaching of terrigenous clay has led to radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr ratios (∼0.7106) in pore fluids of the near-shore mud volcanoes. In contrast, non-radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr ratios (∼0.7075) at the distal locations are attributed to admixing of a basement-derived fluid component, carrying an isotopic signature from interaction with the basaltic crust. This inference is substantiated by temperature constraints from Li isotope equilibrium calculations suggesting exchange processes at particularly high temperatures (>200 °C) for the least radiogenic pore fluids of the most distal location.Advective pore fluids in the off-shore reaches of the Gulf of Cadiz are influenced by successive exchange processes with both oceanic crust and terrigenous, fine-grained sediments, resulting in a chemical and isotopic signature similar to that of fluids in near-shore ridge flank hydrothermal systems. This suggests that deep-rooted mud volcanoes in the Gulf of Cadiz represent a fluid pathway intermediate between mid-ocean ridge hydrothermal vent and shallow, marginal cold seep. Due to the thicker sediment coverage and slower fluid advection rates, the overall geochemical signature is shifted towards the sediment-diagenetic signal compared to ridge flank hydrothermal environments.  相似文献   

17.
高精度LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果表明,黄羊山岩浆混合花岗岩加权平均~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄为311±12Ma,首次获得闪长质微细粒包体加权平均~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄为300±6Ma,在误差范围内完全一致,均属于晚石炭世,前者代表黄羊山岩浆混合花岗岩成岩年龄,后者代表暗色闪长质微粒包体的形成年龄,表明两者是同时代形成的,属于300Ma前后准噶尔周边地区后碰撞岩浆活动的产物.岩石地球化学研究表明,寄主岩石具有高硅、低铝、贫钙镁、富碱和高分异的特征,寄主岩石、包体和辉绿岩脉成分均落在了混合趋势线上,寄主岩富集Rb和Th等大离子亲石元素及Zr、Hf等高场强元素,亏损Ba、Sr、Ta和Ti等元素,δEu值(为0.01)极低,具有低的~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr初始比值和高正的ε_(Nd)(t)值.黄羊山碱性花岗岩是在后碰撞拉张的构造背景下,幔源岩浆发生底垫作用,由于幔源岩浆底垫作用,下地壳温度升高而熔融形成酸性壳源岩浆,部分幔源岩浆沿着地壳中的深断裂带上涌,发生不同程度壳幔混合形成的,其中闪长质微细粒包体就是基性的幔源岩浆和酸性的壳源岩浆不同程度的混合的记录者,研究区的辉绿岩脉是幔源岩浆直接分异演化的产物.  相似文献   

18.
《Ore Geology Reviews》2009,35(4):597-609
The magma–ore deposit relationship of most low-sulfidation epithermal ore deposits is still unclear, partly because many stable isotopic studies of such deposits have indicated the predominance of meteoric waters within hydrothermal fluids. However, it is certainly true that hydrothermal systems are ultimately driven by magmatic intrusions, and epithermal gold deposits might therefore be produced by magmatic activity even in deposits having has no obvious links to a magma. We re-examine the genesis of two typical low-sulfidation epithermal gold deposits, the Kushikino and Hishikari deposits, using structural simulations and isotope data.Many epithermal gold deposits including the Kushikino and Hishikari deposits have been discovered in Kyushu, southwestern Japan. The Kushikino deposit comprises fissure-filling veins within Neogene andesitic volcanics that overlie unconformably Cretaceous sedimentary basement. The veins consist of gold- and silver-bearing quartz and calcite with minor amounts of adularia, sericite and sulfides. Although carbon and oxygen isotopic data for the veins indicate a meteoric origin of the ore fluid, finite element simulations suggest that the vein system might have formed in direct response to magma intrusion. In particular, geophysical data suggest that intruding magma has uplifted the basement rocks, thereby producing fractures and veins and a positive Bouguer anomaly, and providing the heat necessary to drive an ore-forming hydrothermal system.The second component of this study has been to investigate the nature and evolution of the Kushikino and Hishikari epithermal systems. Isotope data document the geochemical evolution of the hydrothermal fluids. We conclude that the existence of sedimentary basement rocks at depth might have affected the strontium and carbon isotopic ratios of the Kushikino and Hishikari ore fluids. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios and δ13C–δ18O trend reveal that major ore veins in the Hishikari deposit can be distinguished from shallow barren veins. It was suggested isotopically that fluids responsible for the barren veins in nearby shallow and barren circulation systems were only controlled by the shallow host rocks. Such multi-isotope systematics provide a powerful tool with which to determine the center of hydrothermal activity and thereby document the evolution of hydrothermal fluids.  相似文献   

19.
范美彤  葛璐  朱碧  杨涛 《地质学报》2019,93(8):2081-2091
在冷泉的研究中,确定富甲烷流体的来源是非常重要的,Sr同位素对流体来源、混合模式和水岩反应等具有很好的示踪作用。近年来,国际上对冷泉碳酸盐岩Sr同位素的示踪研究越来越关注。本文系统总结了现代和古代冷泉碳酸盐岩Sr同位素的研究进展,简要归纳了Sr同位素分析测试方法,并对化学前处理过程中采用的不同酸溶液溶解样品的方法进行了对比,指出了建立标准化学前处理方法的必要性。现代和古代冷泉碳酸盐岩Sr同位素组成的变化范围较大,不同碳酸盐矿物具有不同的Sr同位素特征。冷泉碳酸盐岩Sr同位素的示踪研究集中在现代和古代冷泉流体来源的定性研究、混合流体来源的定量模型计算、以及古代冷泉碳酸盐岩的Sr同位素定年等方面。尽管取得了一系列进展,但是定量计算端元流体混合比例的准确性还有待提高,同时利用Sr同位素对古代样品进行定年存在不确定因素,其适用条件也需要进一步研究。  相似文献   

20.
广东凡口铅锌矿赋存于晚古生代碳酸盐地层中,矿体严格受NNE向断裂及其次级构造控制.矿物流体包裹体均一温度范围115～300℃,平均温度为189℃.矿物爆裂温度155～330℃,众数值220～280℃.矿物δ34S值总体上有δ34SPy>δ34SSp>δ34SGm的趋势;依据硫同位素矿物对样品获得的硫同位素平衡分馏温度介...  相似文献   

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