共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
冀北“清河镇动物群”质疑 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
在冀北新发现的１５处含“清河镇动物群”的化石点中，“化石”有的产于长城系常州沟组、串岭沟组和高于组内，有的产于前长城纪质岩系中，在蓟县标准剖的常州沟组和铁岭组内亦发现有“小壳化石”碎屑。笔者认为，即使它们确是化石，其繁衍的地质时代也绝不仅限于震旦纪至早寒武世。在大多数化石点，“化石”产于角闪岩相变质岩中以及超糜棱岩和变质侵入岩中，这是令人难以理解的，因此，笔者怀疑它们究竟是否真的化石。 相似文献
2.
当前人们普遍认为地球生物史上最早的后生动物是伊迪卡拉动物群，由软躯印痕化石组成，多数学者认为是刺胞动物，年代约６￣７亿年前，而多门类骨骼化石的出现则是寒武系底界的标志。震旦晚期虽有少量报道，但其层位不低于陆山陀组。但是，陈耳化石因其年代古老（１２亿年）而又显示多样的贝壳或骨骼的性质，学术界反映谨慎，认为将其归为可疑化石较为可靠。笔者从化石的保存特征、形态组合面貌、有机与无机成分分析和结构构造研究等 相似文献
3.
陡山沱期在生物进化中是一个重要的阶段，这一时期不仅在动物界而且在植物界均有明显的变化。峡东陡山沱组多种多样的微化石已有众多报道。这个生物群落包括浮游的球形体、底栖的藻丝体和瓶状微化石。最近笔者重新研究了陡山沱组薄片中的微化石，这些微生物三维地保存在几乎未蚀变的条件下，以丰富的具刺疑源类为特征，主要者有Baltisphaeridium，Filisphaeridium，Tianzhushania和Comaspheridium等。陡山沱组的碳酸盐岩相具刺疑源类和瓶状微化石与产自Spitsbergen的化石近似。这似乎说明陡山沱组与位于Spitsbergen东北部的Svanbergfjellet组沉积可以对比。但由于化石只发现在少数薄片中，因此上述结论可能是片面的，这些化石可能只代表峡东陡山沱组生态环境的一部分。 相似文献
4.
湖北北部大洪山地区打鼓石群是一套浅变质地层,自下而上分为太阳寺组、韩家洼组、罗汉岭组、陈家冲组、李家咀组和珰铺岭组。本文首次报道打鼓石群的微体植物化石,包括疑源类Leiosphaeridia spp.和Leiofusa sp.,分类位置不明的Clonophycus biattina D.z.Oehler,及一些炭质膜化石。这些化石保存在李家咀组中部黄绿色、灰绿色粉砂质板岩的岩石薄片中,沿层面分布,均已遭压扁。就已发现的微体植物化石来说,李家咀组的时代可能属于中、晚元古代。大洪山地区李家咀组微体植物化石的发现,不仅填补了打鼓石群这类生物化石的空白,而且指明在前寒武纪浅变质地层的碎屑岩中有可能找到微体植物化石。 相似文献
5.
辽西义县组蝾螈类化石新发现 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在辽西葫芦岛市附近的早白垩世义县组地层中发现1处新的蝾螈化石点。新台门一带出露的湖相沉积地层主要是一套灰绿色安山岩与紫色泥质粉沙岩的互层。该层中除了产蝾螈化石外，还有诸如Ephemeropsis，Eosestheria，Liaoningocladus等其他动植物化石。过去发现的Liaoxitriton化石点是在同一地区比新化石层稍高的层位中发现的。该类蝾螈化石曾报道产于早白垩世的九佛堂组，但是新近的野外调查表明，该化石点所在层位也属义县组。 相似文献
6.
昆仑山口第四纪化石组合的生态环境分… 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
最近从昆仓山口地区的羌塘组，三岔河组及格尔木阶地采集了一些第四纪生物化石样品，这些生物化石包括一些哺乳类动物的牙齿，昆虫类，植物苇，藁类茎干化石以及大量双壳类和腹足类化石，化石生态组合的比较研究和埋藏学研究提供了有意义的沉积环境变迁和古气候的信息，据此推断昆仑山在上新世一早更新世的海拔高度估计在７００～１５００ｍ早，中更新世之交昆仑山迅速地大幅度抬升至３０００～３５００ｍ左右，此后昆仑山相对缓慢地 相似文献
7.
贵州关岭地区中——上三叠统海参骨片化石的首次发现 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
报道了贵州关岭地区中——上三叠统竹杆坡组发现的海参骨片化石5属6种及2个属种未定的形态类型。分析了海参化石属种的历史分布特征，上述化石指示竹杆坡组为晚三叠世沉积产物。这一发现进一步丰富了关岭生物群的内容，为探讨中国三叠纪海参骨片化石的分类及演化增加了新的资料。 相似文献
8.
该文对岳麓山组遗迹化石进行了较系统研究，初步建立了５个遗迹化石组合，分别指出了该组由下往上的５个沉积微相相序，指出其总体上属于中低能的潮间－潮下带上部沉积环境，与产出围岩原生沉积构造环境差别结果一致。 相似文献
9.
大别山区上侏罗统陈棚组发现昆虫化石 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
河南信阳大别山地区陈棚组上天梯段凝灰质钙质页岩中首次发现昆虫化石莱阳中蝽，共生化石有东方叶肢介化石群，含化石地层时代暂定为晚侏罗世，陈棚组与安徽晓天的毛坦厂组及冀北、辽西地区的九佛堂组可以对比。 相似文献
10.
微体化石研究中应注意的问题 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
多数微体化石仅是生物体的一部分，我国微体古生物学家对生物整体或器官的研究不够，相当多的作者仍在命名大量的形态属种，落后于世界古生物学的发展现状。微体化石是重要的，但微体古生物学家不能过份强调微体化石的重要而忽视与大化石和岩相研究的结合。在化石处理和鉴定过程中，由于微体古生物研究者对混杂问题注意和警惕不够，以至混入现代生物，误作化石。我国小壳化石的新属中，至少有５个属都是现代植物的种子或颖果，有的属 相似文献
11.
S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
12.
13.
奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
14.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
15.
Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
16.
17.
Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
18.
滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献
19.
Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献
20.
岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献