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1.
辐射归一化旨在减小不同时相遥感影像间因获取条件不一致而导致的非地表辐射变化的差异,是土地覆盖变化监测的重要前提条件。本文根据高光谱图像上同类地物的谱形及数值的相似性,利用光谱角距离(SAD)和欧氏距离(ED)双重判定选取不变特征点,提出了一种基于光谱角—欧氏距离的辐射归一化方法。在评价指标中除了常用的均方根误差和相对偏差,更增加了高光谱特色的衡量光谱保真性指标:皮尔森系数、光谱扭曲程度。利用高光谱遥感CHRIS图像对本文提出方法进行验证,并与基于多元变化检测(MAD)的辐射归一化方法比较。结果表明,本文方法不仅在辐射特性上优于基于多元变化检测(MAD)的方法,而且具有保持光谱特性的优势,具有较好的应用前景。 相似文献
2.
针对严重污染的城市水体与道路、建筑物、阴影等易于混分,以及遥感水体提取结果不连续、存在斑点问题,本文以广州市流溪河与东江水系为研究对象,基于2016年与2017年OLI遥感影像,采用本文新提出的城市水体指数法（CWI）,同时结合分形几何算法,通过设置形状面积等特征,实现城市复杂环境下的水体信息的自动提取。并与单通道算法、改进的归一化差异水体指数（MNDWI）算法、支持向量机法（SVM）与光谱角度法的水体提取结果进行对比分析。结果表明：SVM算法出现大量斑点,其次为MNDWI水体指数算法,光谱角度算法与单通道算法斑点较少,但水体提取结果不连续,部分河道漏分。本文提出的算法能够克服山体阴影、道路、建筑物等影响,实现城市污染水体以及一般水体连续、准确提取。本文的提取结果可为水资源调查、洪水灾害预测评估、水利规划、环境监测等工作提供基础数据支撑。 相似文献
3.
Remotely sensed multitemporal, multisensor data are often required in Earth observation applications. A common problem associated
with the use of multisource image data is the grey value differences caused by non-surface factors such as different illumination,
atmospheric, or sensor conditions. Image normalization is required to reduce the radiometric influences caused by non-surface
factors and to ensure that the grey value differences between temporal images reflect actual changes on the surface of the
Earth. This paper proposes new approaches to radiometric correction of multitemporal satellite imagery using wavelet analysis
and Fourier transform. The results obtained are compared with commonly used NO-change regression (NC) normalization and Histogram
Matching spatial domain methods. Both visual inspection and statistical accuracy assessment show that proposed transform domain
approaches are valid. 相似文献
4.
This study addresses the problem of shadows in multi-temporal imagery, which is a key issue with change detection approaches based on image comparison. We apply image-to-image radiometric normalizations including histogram matching (HM), mean-variance (MV) equalization, linear regression based on pseudo-invariant features (PIF-LR), and radiometric control sets (RCS) representing high- and low-reflectance extrema, for the novel purpose of normalizing brightness of transient shadows in high spatial resolution, bi-temporal, aerial frame image sets. Efficient shadow normalization is integral to remote sensing procedures that support disaster response efforts in a near-real-time fashion, including repeat station image (RSI) capture, wireless data transfer, shadow detection (as precursor to shadow normalization), and change detection based on image differencing and visual interpretation. We apply the normalization techniques to imagery of suburban scenes containing shadowed materials of varied spectral reflectance characteristics, whereby intensity (average of red, green, and blue spectral band values) under fully illuminated conditions is known from counterpart reference images (time-1 versus time-2). We evaluate the normalization results using stratified random pixel samples within transient shadows, considering central tendency and variance of differences in intensity relative to the unnormalized images. Overall, MV equalization yielded superior results in our tests, reducing the radiometric effects of shadowing by more than 85 percent. The HM and PIF-LR approaches showed slightly lower performance than MV, while the RCS approach proved unreliable among scenes and among stratified intensity levels. We qualitatively evaluate a shadow normalization based on MV equalization, describing its utility and limitations when applied in change detection. Application of image-to-image radiometric normalization for brightening shadowed areas in multi-temporal imagery in this study proved efficient and effective to support change detection. 相似文献
5.
多时相遥感影像辐射归一化方法综述 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
多时相遥感影像的辐射归一化是进行变化检测或拼接不可缺少的步骤。本文从绝对辐射归一化和相对辐射归一化两个方面对现有的多时相遥感影像辐射归一化方法进行了总结。对各种辐射归一化方法进行了剖析,并指出了这些方法的优缺点和适应性。最后对多时相遥感影像辐射归一化方法未来的发展进行了展望。 相似文献
6.
高光谱图像经过辐射校正后,消除了探测元的响应差异,能更好地满足专题信息提取的数据要求.利用探测元的列均值、列标准差等统计信息对天宫一号高光谱短波红外数据进行辐射校正检验,并基于GPU CUDA计算模型对均值归一化、矩匹配、相邻列均衡等3种相对辐射校正算法进行了并行计算优化.通过辐射校正计算流程拆分,CPU控制流程逻辑,GPU执行数据级并行计算,并建立CUDA的计算单元与数据单元的映射关系,获得5—7倍的计算加速比,这些辐射校正算法依据图像自身统计信息,且易于进行并行计算优化,满足实时校正的处理时效要求,为未来高光谱数据在轨实时辐射校正提供了新思路. 相似文献
7.
无人机遥感能够提供高时空分辨率的影像数据,拥有广泛的应用前景。辐射校正将传感器记录的数据转化为地表反射率,是无人机数据定量化应用的前提。然而无人机数据易受光照等因素的影响,导致影像间存在不同程度的辐射差异,为多张无人机影像的辐射校正带来困难。基于影像间重叠区域的信息,辐射区域网平差能够获得全局最优的辐射校正参数,降低影像间的辐射差异,因此在实现影像的辐射校正方面具有巨大潜力。但大量待求解未知参数降低了辐射校正模型的求解效率,特别是在数据量急剧增加时,该问题更为突出。基于影像重叠区辐射信息建立的最优路径很好地考虑了影像间的辐射转化关系,可有效控制误差累计,为减少辐射区域网平差中未知参数的数量提供了一种思路。因此,本文将最优路径与辐射区域网平差相结合,以降低待求解参数的数量,在保证辐射校正精度的同时提高辐射校正模型求解效率,进而提升辐射区域网平差在大数据集上的应用潜力。 相似文献
8.
基于Naive Bayes Classifiers的航空影像纹理分类 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
在Naive Bayes Classifiers模型中，要求父节点下的子节点（特征变量）之间相对独立，然而在现实世界中，特征与特征之间是非独立的、相关的。提出一种预处理方法，实验结果表明，该方法明显地提高了分类精度。 相似文献
9.
《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(5):755-773
A new relative radiometric normalization approach is presented based on the spectral profile shape of hyperspectral data. We calculate the spectral similarity value of pixels at the same location using spectral angle mapping. The cumulative moving average and its differential values are used to determine the appropriate number of pseudo-invariant features automatically. Band-by-band linear regression of the pseudo-invariant features is used to refine the radiometric normalization results iteratively. We tested the algorithm using six Hyperion data subset images. The proposed method yielded stable results with similar or better performance than other methods for all test sites, when assessed by visual inspection and quantitative analysis. 相似文献
10.
The unexpected noise generated during the process of remote sensing images formation and transmission process is a main factor undermining the images’ quality and usage. In recent years, thanks to its local self-adapting characteristics, formal normalization, and modeling flexibility, PDE has received wide attention for its image de-noising functions, thus pushing the realization of maintaining image details while successfully de-noising a new goal for remote sensing images filtering. Having firstly analyzed and discussed the TV model and M model, a modified variation-model (S model for short) based on edge adaptive guiding function is proposed in this paper. The model introduces edge adaptive guiding function based on the standard gradient into the non-linear diffusion term and re-constructed approaching term, which adaptively adjust the smooth intensity around edge and texture information-rich regions of remote sensing images. S-model does not only overcome staircase effect that is easily produced in the TV model, but also avoids losing details and texture information which is often seen in M model, it can efficiently eliminate noises, maintain a good image edge and keep texture details perfectly. The experimental results validate the effectiveness and stability of the proposed model. 相似文献
11.
This paper presents a novel approach to feature subset selection using genetic algorithms. This approach has the ability to accommodate multiple criteria such as the accuracy and cost of classification into the process of feature selection and finds the effective feature subset for texture classification. On the basis of the effective feature subset selected, a method is described to extract the objects which are higher than their surroundings, such as trees or forest, in the color aerial images. The methodology presented in this paper is illustrated by its application to the problem of trees extraction from aerial images. 相似文献
12.
Genetic feature selection for texture classification 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
PANLi ZHENGHong ZHANGZuxun ZHANGJianqing 《地球空间信息科学学报》2004,7(3):162-166
This paper presents a novel approach to feature subset selection using genetic algorithms. This approach has the ability to accommodate multiple criteria such as the accuracy and cost of classification into the process of feature selection and finds the effective feature subset for texture classification. On the basis of the effective feature subset selected, a method is described to extract the objects which are higher than their surroundings, such as trees or forest, in the color aerial images. The methodology presented in this paper is illustrated by its application to the problem of trees extraction from aerial images. 相似文献
13.
Studies of the impact of human activity on vegetation dynamics of the Sahelian belt of Africa have been recently re-invigorated by new scientific findings that highlighted the primary role of climate in the drought crises of the 1970s–1980s. Time series of satellite observations revealed a re-greening of the Sahelian belt that indicates no noteworthy human effect on vegetation dynamics at sub continental scale from the 1980s to late 1990s. However, several regional/local crises related to natural resources occurred in the last decades despite the re-greening thus underlying that more detailed studies are needed. In this study we used time-series (1998–2010) of SPOT–VGT NDVI and FEWS–RFE rainfall estimates to analyse vegetation – rainfall correlation and to map areas of local environmental anomalies where significant vegetation variations (increase/decrease) are not fully explained by seasonal changes of rainfall. Some of these anomalous zones (hot spots) were further analysed with higher resolution images Landsat TM/ETM+ to evaluate the reliability of the identified anomalous behaviour and to provide an interpretation of some example hot spots. The frequency distribution of the hot spots among the land cover classes of the GlobCover map shows that increase in vegetation greenness is mainly located in the more humid southern part and close to inland water bodies where it is likely to be related to the expansion/intensification of irrigated agricultural activities. On the contrary, a decrease in vegetation greenness occurs mainly in the northern part (12°–15°N) in correspondence with herbaceous vegetation covers where pastoral and cropping practices are often critical due to low and very unpredictable rainfall. The results of this study show that even if a general positive re-greening due to increased rainfall is evident for the entire Sahel, some local anomalous hot spots exist and can be explained by human factors such as population growth whose level reaches the ecosystem carrying capacity as well as population displacement leading to vegetation recovery. 相似文献
14.
利用航摄像片存在的相对几何位置关系,将机载IMU视准轴误差引入立体像对相对定向模型中,提出了一种基于相对定向的机载IMU视准轴误差求解新方法。详细推导了基于单个立体模型和连续立体模型求解IMU视准轴误差的数学模型,并用三组带有IMU设备获取的实际航空影像数据进行了试验验证。结果表明,所推导的机载IMU视准轴误差求解方法是正确、可行的,利用三张以上相邻像片构成的连续立体模型即可求解出IMU的视准轴误差,避免了野外布设检校场和其他地面控制条件带来的诸多问题,有利于带机载IMU的航空遥感快速对地目标定位。 相似文献
15.
David Hernández López Beatriz Felipe García José González Piqueras Guillermo Villa Alcázar 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2011,66(6):883-893
Harnessing the radiometric information provided by photogrammetric flights could be useful in increasing the thematic applications of aerial images. The aim of this paper is to improve relative and absolute homogenization in aerial images by applying atmospheric correction and treatment of bidirectional effects. We propose combining remote sensing methodologies based on radiative transfer models and photogrammetry models, taking into account the three-dimensional geometry of the images (external orientation and Digital Elevation Model). The photogrammetric flight was done with a Z/I Digital Mapping Camera (DMC) with a Ground Sample Distance (GSD) of 45 cm. Spectral field data were acquired by defining radiometric control points in order to apply atmospheric correction models, obtaining calibration parameters from the camera and surface reflectance images. Kernel-driven models were applied to correct the anisotropy caused by the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) of surfaces viewed under large observation angles with constant illumination, using the overlapping area between images and the establishment of radiometric tie points. Two case studies were used: 8-bit images with applied Lookup Tables (LUTs) resulting from the conventional photogrammetric workflow for BRDF studies and original 12-bit images (Low Resolution Color, LRC) for the correction of atmospheric and bidirectional effects. The proposed methodology shows promising results in the different phases of the process. The geometric kernel that shows the best performance is the Lidense kernel. The homogenization factor in 8-bit images ranged from 6% to 25% relative to the range of digital numbers (0–255), and from 18% to 35% relative to levels of reflectance (0–100) in the 12-bit images, representing a relative improvement of approximately 1–30%, depending on the band analyzed. 相似文献
16.
地形引起的雷达辐射畸变及其校正 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3
合成孔径雷达影像由于其侧视特点 ,存在着严重的地形引起的几何畸变及辐射畸变。辐射畸变不仅对 SAR辐射标定造成困难 ,而且严重影响了影像分类、土壤湿度信息提取、森林蓄积量信息提取等应用。本文将辐射畸变归结为面积效应和局部入射角效应 ,推导了散射面积归一化因子 ,以消除辐射畸变的面积效应。提出了一种以局部入射角的线性函数表达的后向散射模型 ,在此基础上 ,给出了消除局部入射角效应的校正函数。最后 ,以RADARSAT SAR影像进行地形辐射畸变校正的试验与分析 相似文献
17.
18.
影像连接点均衡化高精度自动提取 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
针对空中三角测量影像连接点提取中存在的误匹配、点位多而分布不均和点位定位精度低等问题,提出了一种影像连接点均衡化高精度自动提取方法。首先采用分块SIFT技术进行特征的提取与匹配,并利用并查集数据结构进行特征点的高效多视追踪;然后采用提出的物方分块点位筛选算法对点位进行了相对均衡化的择优挑选;最后采用最小二乘匹配技术对得到的SIFT连接点坐标位置进行精化。选取中国嵩山遥感定标场的有人机影像和沙漠地区无人机影像作为试验数据,通过目视检查、像方反投影误差和检查点精度等3个指标进行了分析,结果表明本文方法有效克服了弱纹理和重复纹理导致的连接点提取与匹配困难,并改善了连接点分布的均匀性和提高了连接点的定位精度。 相似文献
19.
高分辨率遥感影像在不同的尺度下表现出不同的特征,根据这一特性,提出了一种基于多层次特征的航空影像规则建筑物提取方法。该方法先利用大尺度特征——方向梯度直方图（histograms of oriented gradient,HOG）特征对建筑物进行识别,然后提出了一种小尺度特征——纹理和光谱融合特征,该特征能够有效地将HOG特征识别结果中的道路、草地等非建筑物剔除,最终获取建筑物边缘信息。实验结果表明,该方法不仅对矩形建筑物有较好的提取效果,对结构复杂的规则建筑物也有较好的提取效果。 相似文献
20.
由不同时相和不同传感器所导致的遥感数据非一致性是定量监测地表长期变化所必须面对的一个重要问题。用于消减遥感数据非一致性的归一化辐射校正和传感器交叉定标,多采用统计方法,难以满足定量遥感发展的需求。本文针对MODISL1B光学波段产品数据,推导了不同时相非变像元灰度值(SI)之间的数学表达式,并利用MODIS的可见光-短波红外波段L1B数据对该定量关系进行了验证。研究表明,在可见光-短波红外波段,L1B非变像元在不同时相间的定量关系分为乘性和加性两部分,主要与太阳光照条件、大气状态以及传感器自身等变化因素有关。虽然基于MODIS非变像元时相关系的检验结果与理想状态下的结果存在偏差,但总体趋势仍然较好。 相似文献