共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
综合2000、2004年的调查结果,徐闻珊瑚礁自然保护区内有造礁石珊瑚12科42种,而保护区的核心区、缓冲区和试验区内珊瑚礁低潮带至潮下带上部的8个断面10个站的大型底栖生物有8类45科101种,其中大多数种类属于印度—太平洋热带区系。优势类群是软体动物和节肢动物,底栖生物的平均生物量、栖息密度和多样性指数分别是1043.37 g/m2、692.37个/m2和5.5228。位于保护区南部核心区的断面Ⅰ和Ⅱ有着最高的多样性(5.1389和5.0077)和均匀度(0.9470和0.9286),而其他分属核心区、缓冲区和试验区的6个断面的多样性指数和均匀度指数差异不大。总体上看,造礁石珊瑚和珊瑚礁的存在为其他底栖生物提供了良好的生态环境,从而丰富了本区底栖生物的种类组成和数量。 相似文献
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于1995—1996年在厦门海域采集了28种鱼类样品，用ICP—MS法测定了15种稀土元素(REE)的含量，研究了鱼体稀土元素的组成和分布模式及与海水环境之间的关系。结果表明，厦门海域鱼体REE总量介于12．4—596．5ng／g，平均为(77．5l2．8)岭g。鱼体明显官集轻稀土，同时轻、重稀土之间则存在较大的分馏作用，说明轻稀土的生物学效应比重稀土更为显著。鱼类稀土元素分布模式总体上与海水REE分布模式接近，并且鱼类REE含量与近岸陆架海水REE含量之间有很好的相关性，说明海洋鱼类对稀土元素的利用遵从丰度规律。鱼类对稀土元素的富集系数在103以上。稀土元素沿厦门海域食物链的迁移传递没有表现出明显的生物放大作用。 相似文献
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依据2019年8月份莱州湾表层沉积物及大型底栖生物资料,分析了沉积物粒度分布特征及对底栖生物群落分布的影响。结果显示,莱州湾沉积物分为砂质粉砂、粉砂、粉砂质砂和砂4种类型,以砂质粉砂为主,中值粒径平均58.96μm;共采集大型底栖生物7门113种,主要种类为环节动物和软体动物。不同粒度的沉积物中大型底栖生物种类、密度、生物量、生物多样性指数均存在明显差异,砂质粉砂沉积物中大型底栖生物种类最多,砂质沉积物中最少。不同粒度沉积物中底栖生物密度依次为粉砂质砂砂质粉砂砂粉砂,生物量依次为粉砂质砂粉砂砂砂质粉砂。砂质粉砂和粉砂质砂沉积物更适宜环节动物和软体动物生存,沉积物粒径过大或过小均不利于大型底栖生物栖息。环节动物和节肢动物更适宜在砂质粉砂中生存,软体动物更适宜在砂质粉砂和粉砂质砂中生存,棘皮动物更适宜在砂质粉砂和粉砂质砂中生存,纽形动物更适宜在粉砂中生存。 相似文献
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文章根据2009—2012年泉州湾4个航次的调查资料，对比分析了4年间大型底栖生物的种类数、生物量、栖息密度、生物多样性的变化趋势。结果表明：泉州湾大型底栖生物有103种，其中多毛类48种，软体动物25种，甲壳动物18种，棘皮动物6种和其他动物6种。多毛类、软体动物、甲壳动物占总种数的88.3%，三者构成大型底栖生物的主要类群。泉州湾大型底栖生物平均生物量为7.77 g/m2，平均栖息密度76个/m2；数量组成，生物量以甲壳动物居首位2.40 g/m2；栖息密度以多毛类占第一位38个/m2。泉州湾大型底栖生物种类数、生物量、栖息密度、生物多样性均为湾中部及湾外较好，湾顶较差；从2009—2012年际变化来看，生物种类数、平均生物量、平均栖息密度均为2009年最好，2012年相对较差，生物多样性年际变化不大，说明泉州湾的大型底栖生物环境受到了一定的影响。 相似文献
5.
福清核电站邻近潮间带大型底栖生物数量分布与群落结构 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
于2006年2、4、7和10月在福清核电厂运行前对其邻近潮间带不同底质断面的大型底栖生物进行采样,以了解该潮间带大型底栖生物的种类及资源分布.结果表明,该核电站附近潮间带大型底栖生物总共为146种,以多毛类、软体动物和甲壳动物为主.以季节和底质为因素对取样获得物种数进行双因素方差分析显示:种类获得数的季节变化无显著差异,底质间呈边缘性显著.4季的大型底栖生物平均生物量为1 446.11 g/m2、平均栖息密度为972个/m2.大型底栖生物生物量平均值为春季＞夏季＞冬季＞秋季,栖息密度平均值为夏季＞春季＞冬季＞秋季.以季节和底质为因素的双因素方差分析显示:大型底栖生物生物量和栖息密度季节间无显著差异但底质间差异极显著.底质和季节间大型底栖动物的Shannon-Weiner指数、Margalef种类丰度、Pielou均匀度和Simpson优势度指数均无显著差异.利用Bray-Curtis相似性聚类对福清核电站邻近潮间带大型底栖生物进行分析后得出,该潮间带大型底栖生物可划分为两个群落:岩礁群落和泥沙滩群落.分析表明,底质是影响大型底栖生物分布的主要环境因子,季节对大型底栖生物分布的影响不显著. 相似文献
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7.
东海陆架HY126EA1孔沉积物稀土元素地球化学 总被引：17，自引：1，他引：17
HY126EA1孔沉积物稀土元素总量(∑REE)变化范围不大,分布范围为123.45～187.12μg/g,平均值为164.07μg/g,接近于全球沉积物平均稀土元素含量(150～300μg/g)的下限,高于黄海、东海表层沉积物的平均含量,低于渤海、南海表层沉积物的平均含量.各类沉积物以及不同时期同类沉积物的稀土元素标准化曲线的变化趋势非常一致,表明这些沉积物具有相同的物源区.∑REE,δEu和δCe在垂向上具有明显变化,反映了沉积物源区气候环境的阶段性变化. 相似文献
8.
为探究大洋富钴结壳的元素地球化学特征和赋存状态,以西太平洋麦哲伦海山群5个富钴结壳样品为研究对象,通过X射线衍射法、等离子体发射光谱法、等离子体质谱法及相态分析手段,分析了富钴结壳的矿物组成、主量元素和稀土元素含量。结果表明,富钴结壳样品主要结晶矿物为水羟锰矿,次要矿物包括石英、斜长石和钾长石,同时含有大量非晶态铁氧/氢氧化物。富钴结壳样品中Mn和Fe含量最高, Mn为16.87%～26.55%, Fe为14.34%～18.08%。富钴结壳明显富集稀土元素,其稀土总量为1 287～2 000μg/g,Ce含量为632～946μg/g,约占稀土总量的50%;轻稀土含量为1 037～1 604μg/g,重稀土含量为249～395μg/g,轻稀土元素明显高于重稀土元素。稀土元素配分模式呈现Ce正异常而Eu无异常,具有Ce富集特征。麦哲伦海山群富钴结壳是水成沉积成因,基本没有受到海底热液活动和成岩作用的影响。元素赋存状态与其矿物相密切相关, Na、K、Ca、Mg和Sr主要赋存于碳酸盐相, Mn、Ba、Co和Ni主要赋存于锰氧化物相, Fe、Al、P、Ti、Cu、Pb、V、Zn、Zr和REE主要... 相似文献
9.
2014年9月和2015年5月,分别在泉州湾北岸布设3条潮间带断面进行大型底栖生物群落研究.共计采获潮间带大型底栖生物样品166种,其中泥沙滩有80种,岩相有96种.其中环节动物、软体动物和节肢动物有145种,构成该区域潮间带大型底栖生物的主要类群,调查的3条断面中,泥沙滩断面的平均栖息密度和生物量分别为133 ind./m~2和24.48 g/m~2,岩相断面的平均栖息密度和生物量分别为1 412 ind./m~2和958.78 g/m~2.数量垂直分布,泥沙滩断面和岩相断面平均栖息密度和生物量均以中潮区低潮区高潮区.数量季节变化,泥沙滩断面平均栖息密度和生物量均为春季(170 ind./m~2和32.04 g/m~2)大于秋季(96 ind./m~2和16.92g/m~2),岩相断面平均栖息密度为春季(1 360 ind./m~2)小于秋季(1 464 ind./m~2),而平均生物量为春季(1 122.83 g/m~2)大于秋季(794.75 g/m~2),数量季节变化显著.丰度/生物量曲线显示,泉州湾北岸潮间带大型底栖生物群落群落结构较为稳定,受到干扰较小. 相似文献
10.
渤、黄海近岸海域底栖生物生态研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对渤、黄海近岸海域底栖生物的种类组成、生物量及栖息密度的分布和群落结构进行了叙述和讨论。结果表明 :渤、黄海近岸海域共获底栖生物 2 39种 ,种类组成以甲壳动物及软体动物占优势 ,为 51 .9% ;底栖生物平均生物量为 56.54g/m2 ,生物量组成以棘皮动物占绝对优势 ,为 41 .6% ;平均栖息密度为 2 64.3个 /m2。按生态特征调查海域的底栖生物可分成 7个群落。分析各测站群落结构指数 ,渤、黄海近岸海域 50 %测站表现出多样性及种类丰度高、种类分布均匀、优势度不明显的特点 相似文献
11.
东海内陆架泥质区表层沉积物稀土元素的分布特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对东海内陆架泥质区30个表层沉积物样品中的稀土元素、主微量元素、TOC、CaCO3、沉积物粒度进行了分析,讨论了影响稀土元素分布的原因。结果显示东海内陆架中ΣREEs为182.8～221μg/g,均值为206.5μg/g,明显高于黄土、黄河及雅鲁藏布江中稀土元素的含量,与长江、瓯江中稀土元素含量接近。稀土元素的球粒陨石标准化配分模式及(La/Yb)N比值显示,轻稀土显著富集,存在显著的δEu异常。稀土元素上地壳标准化配分模式显示稀土元素与上地壳之间不存在显著的分馏,稀土元素存在显著的"四分性"。稀土元素与粒径、有机质、CaCO3之间不存在相关性,表明研究区中稀土元素含量不受上述3个因素的控制。元素比值及稀土元素上地壳标准化配分模式显示研究区稀土元素主要源于长江。 相似文献
12.
通过对庙岛群岛西部海域表层沉积物常量、稀土元素的系统研究,探讨了表层沉积物元素地球化学特征、控制因素及其物质来源。结果表明,庙岛群岛西部海域表层沉积物常量元素以SiO2和A12O3为主,SiO2含量随着沉积物粒径变粗逐渐增大,Al2O3含量随着沉积物粒径变细逐渐增大。稀土元素(Rare Earth Element,REE)呈现轻稀土元素(Light Rare Earth Element,LREE)富集、重稀土元素(Heavy Rare Earth Element,HREE)平坦以及中等程度的Eu负异常等特征,轻重稀土分异明显,稀土元素球粒陨石配分曲线与黄河沉积物类似。通过因子分析和相关性分析发现研究区沉积物的元素含量主要取决于陆源碎屑,海洋生物沉积和化学作用对沉积物元素含量有一定的影响,元素含量基本服从粒度控制规律。物源判别结果显示,庙岛群岛西部海域沉积物主要来源于黄河物质和辽河物质,并且从南到北辽河物质的混合比例逐渐升高,黄河物质的混合比例逐渐降低。 相似文献
13.
海南岛三亚小东海岸礁礁坪沉积物的稀土元素分布特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对海南岛三亚小东海东北岸礁礁坪表面沉积物的稀土元素进行了分析,结果表明,沉积物的∑REE为80.22mg/kg,稀土元素含量球粒陨石标准化分布模式呈现轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损,Eu明显负异常(0.58),Ce无异常,Y/Ho低(27.60)的陆相模式特征.根据小东海礁坪沉积样品稀土元素的空间分布情况可以推测出礁坪珊瑚表面... 相似文献
14.
R. ShynuV. Purnachandra Rao Pratima M. KessarkarT.G. Rao 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2011,94(4):355-368
Rare earth elements (REEs) in the suspended particulate matter (SPM) of the Mandovi estuary indicated that the mean total-REEs (∑REE) and light REE to heavy REE ratios are lower than that of the average suspended sediment in World Rivers and Post-Archean average Australian shale. High ∑REE were associated with high SPM/low salinity and also with high SPM/high salinity. Although the ∑REE broadly agree with SPM levels at each station, their seasonal distributions along transect are different. SPM increased seaward in the estuary both during the monsoon and pre-monsoon, but consistently low at all stations during the post-monsoon. The mean ∑REE decreased marginally seaward and was <25% at sea-end station than at river-end station. Spatial variations in ∑REE are maximum (64%) during the pre-monsoon. Strong to moderate correlation of ∑REE with Al, Fe and Mn in all seasons indicates adsorption and co-precipitation of REEs with aluminosilicate phases and Fe, Mn-oxyhydroxides. The ratio of mean ∑REE in sediment/SPM is low during the monsoon (1.27), followed by pre-monsoon (1.5) and post-monsoon (1.62). The middle REE- and heavy REE-enriched patterns with positive Ce and Eu anomalies are characteristic at every station and season, both in SPM and sediment. They also exhibit tetrad effect with distinct third and fourth tetrads. Fe-Mn ore dust is the most dominant source for REEs. However, the seasonal changes in the supply of detrital silicates, Fe-Mn ore dust and particulates resuspended from bottom sediments diluted the overall effect of salinity on fractionation and distribution of REEs in the estuary. 相似文献
15.
Rare earth element geochemistry in cold-seep pore waters of Hydrate Ridge, northeast Pacific Ocean 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Tobias Himmler Brian A. Haley Marta E. Torres Gary P. Klinkhammer Gerhard Bohrmann Jörn Peckmann 《Geo-Marine Letters》2013,33(5):369-379
The concentrations of rare earth elements (REEs), sulphate, hydrogen sulphide, total alkalinity, calcium, magnesium and phosphate were measured in shallow (<12 cm below seafloor) pore waters from cold-seep sediments on the northern and southern summits of Hydrate Ridge, offshore Oregon. Downward-decreasing sulphate and coevally increasing sulphide concentrations reveal sulphate reduction as dominant early diagenetic process from ~2 cm depth downwards. A strong increase of total dissolved REE (∑REE) concentrations is evident immediately below the sediment–water interface, which can be related to early diagenetic release of REEs into pore water resulting from the re-mineralization of particulate organic matter. The highest pore water ∑REE concentrations were measured close to the sediment–water interface at ~2 cm depth. Distinct shale-normalized REE patterns point to particulate organic matter and iron oxides as main REE sources in the upper ~2-cm depth interval. In general, the pore waters have shale-normalized patterns reflecting heavy REE (HREE) enrichment, which suggests preferential complexation of HREEs with carbonate ions. Below ~2 cm depth, a downward decrease in ∑REE correlates with a decrease in pore water calcium concentrations. At this depth, the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) coupled to sulphate reduction increases carbonate alkalinity through the production of bicarbonate, which results in the precipitation of carbonate minerals. It seems therefore likely that the REEs and calcium are consumed during vast AOM-induced precipitation of carbonate in shallow Hydrate Ridge sediments. The analysis of pore waters from Hydrate Ridge shed new light on early diagenetic processes at cold seeps, corroborating the great potential of REEs to identify geochemical processes and to constrain environmental conditions. 相似文献
16.
A preliminary study on fingerprinting approach in marine sediment dynamics with the rare earth elements 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Locating the quantitized natural sediment fingerprints is an important work for marine sediment dynamics study.The total of 146 sediment samples were collected from the Shelf of the East China Sea and five rivers,including Huanghe (Yellow),Changjiang (Yangtze),Qiantang,Ou and Min River.The sediment grain size and the contents of rare earth elements (REEs) were measured with laser particle size analyzer and ICP-MS technology.The results show that absolute REE content (ΣREE) and the concentration ratio of light REEs to heavy REEs (L/HREE) are different in the sediments among those rivers.There are higher REE contents in being less than 2 m and 2–31 μm fractions in the Changjiang Estuary surface sediments.The REE contents of bulk sediment are dominated by the corresponding values of those leading size-fractions.REE of sediment is higher close to the estuaries and declines seaward on the inner shelf of the East China Sea (ECS).The L/HREE ratio has a tendency of increase southward from 28 ? N.Hydrodynamic conditions plays a predominate role on spacial distributions of the surficial sediment’s REE parameters.In some situations,the currents tend to remove the coarser light grains from initial populations,as well as the deposit of the finer heavy mineral grains.In other situations,the currents will change the ratio of sediment constituents,such as ratio between silts and clays in the sediments.As a result,the various values of REE or L/HREE ratio in different bulk sediments are more affected by the change of size-fractions than source location.Under the long-term stable hydrodynamic environment,i.e.,the East China Sea Shelf,new sediment transport model based on the size and density gradation concept may help to understand the spatial distribution patterns of REE parameters. 相似文献
17.
琼东南盆地陵南低凸起深水钻井岩心的稀土元素地球化学特征及其意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A geochemical analysis of rare-earth elements(REEs) in 97 samples collected from the core of deep-water Well LS-A located at the Lingnan Low Uplift Area of the Qiongdongnan Basin is conducted, with the purpose of revealing the changes of sedimentary source and environment in the study region since Oligocene and evaluating the response of geochemical characteristics of REEs to the tectonic evolution. In the core samples, both ∑REE and ∑LREE(LREE is short for light-group REEs) fluctuate in a relatively wide range, while ∑HREE(HREE is short for heavy-group REEs) maintains a relatively stable level. With the stratigraphic chronology becoming newer, both ∑REE and ∑LREE show a gradually rising trend overall. The ∑REE of the core is relatively high from the bottom of Yacheng Formation(at a well depth of 4 207 m) to the top of Ledong Formation, and the REEs show partitioning characteristics of the enrichment of LREE, the stable content of HREE, and the negative anomaly of Eu to varying degrees. Overall the geochemical characteristics of REEs are relatively approximate to those of China's neritic sediments and loess, with significant "continental orientation". The ∑REE of the core is relatively low in the lower part of Yacheng Formation(at a well depth of 4 207–4 330 m), as shown by the REEs partitioning characteristics of the depletion of LREE, the relative enrichment of HREE, and the positive anomaly of Eu; the geochemical characteristics of REEs are approximate to those of oceanic crust and basalt overall, indicating that the provenance is primarily composed of volcanic eruption matters. As shown by the analyses based on sequence stratigraphy and mineralogy, the provenance in study region in the early Oligocene mainly resulted from the volcanic materials of the peripheral uplift areas; the continental margin materials from the north contributed only insignificantly; the provenance developed to a certain extent in the late Oligocene. Since the Miocene, the provenance has ceaselessly expanded from proximal to distal realm, embodying a characteristic of multi-source sedimentation. In the core strata with 31.5, 28.4, 25.5, 23, and 16 Ma from today, the geochemical parameters of REEs and Th/Sc ratio have significant saltation, embodying the tectonic movement events in the evolution of the Qiongdongnan Basin. In the tectonic evolution history of the South China Sea, the South China Sea Movement(34–25 Ma BP, early expansion of the South China Sea), Baiyun Movement(23 Ma BP), late expansion movement(23.5–16.5 Ma BP), expansion-settlement transition, and other important events are all clearly recorded by the geochemical characteristics of REEs in the core. 相似文献
18.
《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》1999,46(5):733-755
We analyzed the REE, Mn and Al concentrations and Nd isotopic ratios in marine suspensions collected on filters (0.65 μm porosity) with in situ pumping systems in the tropical northeastern Atlantic (20°N, 18–31°W). Previously we reported the same parameters on large sinking particles collected with moored sediment traps at the sites. Shale-normalized REE patterns of the filtered suspensions are characterized by a larger light REE (LREE) to heavy REE (HREE) enrichment compared to the trapped material and a Ce anomaly that evolves positively with depth. Depth profiles of REE/Al show maximum values at 50–100 m, where the Mn/Al ratio also reaches a maximum. The profile of the Nd isotopic ratios of the filtered suspensions shows variations similar to those of the seawater. These results suggest that the filtered suspensions preferentially scavenge the LREE, especially Ce, and that the particulate Mn oxides are potential REE carriers. The relationship between the Ce anomaly and the Ce/Al ratio demonstrates that the particulate Ce anomaly is formed by (1) the LREE adsorption onto the particulate Mn oxides in the surface water, (2) Ce(III) oxidation to insoluble Ce(IV)O2 and (3) preferential desorption of strict trivalent REE from the Mn oxides in deep water. Estimated authigenic Nd contents, using Nd isotopic ratios, decrease with depth. This is consistent with the adsorption of the REE in surface water and their desorption in deep water, suggested by the Ce anomaly formation. All the results show that the suspended particles record more clearly the authigenic REE contribution than the trapped material does. The suspended matter plays a key role in the scavenging of particle-reactive elements. 相似文献
19.
Marine dolostones of Carboniferous Huanglong Formation constitute major gas reservoir rocks in eastern Sichuan Basin. However, the investigation with respect to sources of dolomitizing and diagenetic fluids is relatively underexplored. The current study attempts to investigate the REE characteristics of dolomites using seawater normalization standard, and therefore discusses the origins of dolomitizing and diagenetic fluids, on the basis of continuous 47.33-m-long core samples from the second member of Huanglong Formation (C2h2) in eastern Sichuan Basin. Low Th, Sc, and Hf concentrations (0.791 × 10−6, 4.751 × 10−6, and 0.214 × 10−6, respectively), random correlation between total REE concentration (ΣREE) and Fe or Mn abundance, and seawater-like Y/Ho ratios (mean value of 45.612) indicate that the carbonate samples are valid for REE analysis. Based on petrographic characteristics, four dolomite types are identified, including micritic-sized dolomite (type Dol-1), fine-to medium-sized dolomite (type Dol-2), medium-to coarse-sized dolomite (type Dol-3), and coarse-to giant-sized saddle dolomite (type Dol-4). Dol-1 dolomites, characterized by positive Ce anomaly (mean value of 6.398), light REE (LREE) enrichment, and heavy REE (HREE) depletion with mean LREE/HREE ratio of 12.657, show micritic calcite-like REE patterns, indicating seawater origin of their dolomitizing fluids. Dol-1 dolomites were formed in sabkha environment whereas the dolomitizing fluids originated from evaporative brine water due to their micritic crystal sizes and tight lithology. Dol-2 dolomites, particularly subtype Dol-2a barely developing vuggy porosity, also show micritic calcite-like REE patterns, suggesting their dolomitizing fluids were seawater or seawater-derived fluids. This inference is confirmed by low Fe and Mn concentrations, which range from 651 μg/g to 1018 μg/g (mean value of 863 μg/g) and 65 μg/g to 167 μg/g (mean value of 105 μg/g), respectively, whereas homogenization temperatures (Th, mean value of 103 °C) indicate that Dol-2 dolomites were formed under burial environment. Dol-3 dolomites, in form of cements of Dol-2 dolomites, show similar REE patterns to their host minerals (i.e., Dol-2 dolomites), indicating their parent source was possibly derived from Dol-2 dolomites. Dol-3 dolomites have high Fe and Mn concentrations with mean values of 3346 μg/g (ranging from 2897 μg/g to 3856 μg/g) and 236 μg/g (ranging from 178 μg/g to 287 μg/g), respectively, indicating the involvement of meteoric water. Meanwhile, it confirms that the dissolution in Dol-2 dolomites was caused by meteoric water leaching. Positive Eu anomalies (mean value of 1.406) in Dol-4 dolomites, coupled with high homogenization temperatures (mean value of 314 °C), suggest that Dol-4 dolomites precipitated from hydrothermal fluids. High Fe and Mn concentrations (mean values of 2521 μg/g and 193 μg/g, respectively) in Dol-4 dolomites likely results from interactions of hydrothermal fluids with deep burial clastic rocks. 相似文献