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相空间反演方法及其在海洋资料分析中的应用 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5
时间序列重建相空间理论是研究实验数据所隐含着非线性复杂现象(如奇怪吸引子、分形、自相似结构及混沌)的有力工具.本文在时间序列重建相空间理论基础上,建立了在嵌入相空间中反演动力系统方法,并将此方法应用于TOGA COARE提供的海表温度(SST)时间序列资料分析中,给出了奇怪吸引子关联维数、嵌入相空间维数、Lyapunov特征指数、Kolmogorov熵及可预报时间尺度.利用相空间中反演动力系统,在可预报时间尺度上进行预报实验,其结果与实测值基本一致. 相似文献
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健康人与心脏病人心电信号混沌特性比较研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Lyapunov指数是混沌理论的重要参数之一,对分析心电信号特性有重要意义。分别计算健康人和3种心脏病人心电信号的Lyapunov指数,并首次采用室上病变病人作为样本进行研究。对比发现健康人与各类心脏病人的Lyapunov指数之间存在显著差别。同时在重构相空间过程中采用1种同时估计延迟时间τ和嵌入维数m的新方法,并与自相关函数法的计算结果进行对比,在二维相空间重构图上进行验证。结果表明这种方法优于自相关函数法。 相似文献
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华南沿海明代自然灾害的时间序列分析Ⅱ.混沌分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对我国明代华南沿海自然灾害发生次数的混沌特征分析发现,嵌人维数取不同值时均存在分形特征,且反映这种分形特征的关联维数随着嵌入维数逐渐增大而趋于一个稳定值。稳定的关联维数为２．８,相应的饱和嵌入维数为１０。关联维数的稳定值为分数（２．８）反映了控制明代华南沿海自然灾害发生次数的动力系统是一个混沌系统。构筑该系统最少需要３个自由变量,最多需要１０个。对反映该混沌系统混沌特征强度的指标－Ｋｏｌｍｏｇｏｒ 相似文献
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对我国明代华南沿海自然灾害发生次数的混沌特征分析发现 ,嵌入维数取不同值时均存在分形特征 ,且反映这种分形特征的关联维数随着嵌入维数逐渐增大而趋于一个稳定值。稳定的关联维数为 2 8,相应的饱和嵌入维数为 1 0。关联维数的稳定值为分数 (2 8)反映了控制明代华南沿海自然灾害发生次数的动力系统是一个混沌系统。构筑该系统最少需要 3个自由变量 ,最多需要 1 0个。对反映该混沌系统混沌特征强度的指标———Kolmogorov熵K值进行了计算 ,发现当嵌入维数逐渐增大到 7时K值开始稳定于 0 3 8,由此得到我国明代华南沿海自然灾害发生次数这一时间序列的可预报时间平均长度为 2 6a。 相似文献
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应用相空间理论对赤道单站日表层水温及青岛月平均气温的９点滑动平均资料进行了分析,结果表明：青岛月平均气温的９点滑动平均的相关维数和嵌入维数分别为５．８３、８,当反厄尔尼诺发生时赤道日ＳＳＴ的相关维和嵌入维数分别为３．９３、１１,当厄尔尼诺发生时其相关维数和嵌入维数分别为４．３７、９。揭示了无论是厄尔尼诺还是反厄尔诺发生赤道日ＳＳＴ都具有混沌特征,并且厄尔尼诺发生其内部结构复杂化使得支撑奇怪吸引子的 相似文献
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本文采用南沙永署礁所测的１９８８．９～１９９６．１的逐日表层海温资料和西沙１９８８．８～１９９５．１２月逐日表层海温资料，用相空间延拓方法，计算了它的关联维Ｄｍ和Ｋａｌｍｏｇｏｒｏｖ熵的近似值二阶Ｒｅｎｙｉ熵Ｋ２，得到Ｄｍ为分数维，Ｋ２约为一正数值，证明南海海温系统具有混沌吸引子，是一种混沌运动，是一个强迫耗散的非线性系统，其长期演变过程主要受５～９个因子控制，可估计出相应的海温预报时效约为３～９天。南海海温的预报时效与其周期有某些相似之处，但它们之间的关系还有待于进一步研究。 相似文献
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Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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Oedometer tests have been carried out on 70 undisturbed surficial clays (at approximately 250 mm below the mudline), mostly collected by free-fall corers from sites widely scattered throughout the deep-sea North Atlantic. Acoustic measurements were also made, initially on contiguous samples and ultimately on the same sample using a geophysically instrumented oedometer which also collected electrical resistivity data. Apart from those quiescent areas below the carbonate compensation depth, such as north of the West Indies where very fine clays exist, most of the samples are silty clays whose geotechnical-geophysical properties are dependent on the type of clay minerals present (and their ability to take in moisture), the sand-size fraction, and the quantity of carbonate present. Thus the pure clays have high compressibilities which decrease on the addition of coarse particles, while the converse is true for the acoustic parameters, these increasing with the sand fraction. Using the notion of the intrinsic compression line for all samples, and comparison to it of the measured compression curves, it is clear that, contrary to some previously held ideas, most deep-sea clays are normally consolidated; the addition of carbonate has the effect of creating an open, stronger sediment skeleton. Interestingly, where information is available, the variation with depth of a sample's acoustic velocity follows the void ratio pressure relationship of the compression curve. This allows the construction of an in-situ sediment compression curve using the in-situ geophysical observations. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献