共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
针对各国自航水雷发展迅速且其作战效能分析日渐受高度重视的情况,在分析自航水雷使用特点的基础上,利用美国工业界武器系统效能咨询委员会提出的作战效能评估模型 ADC,推导了自航水雷武器作战效能评估方法解析式,详细分析了影响自航水雷武器作战效能的主要因素。同时,根据分析影响作战效能的各要素,提出了自航水雷在设计定型试验中应重点考核的关键指标和能力,为后续开展自航水雷设计定型试验提供了新的思路。 相似文献
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张炜 《数字海洋与水下攻防》2021,4(1):53-57
针对层次分析法中的指标体系及判断矩阵的复杂性和随机性等不足,提出了一种便捷的反水雷装备作战效能评估方法,构建适宜多任务分析的"任务–能力"作战效能评估指标体系.给出了效能评估模型,并对适宜岛礁反水雷的两型装备进行了作战效能评估.通过专家打分和定性评估结合,可便捷得到符合作战任务需求的效能评估结果,验证了该评估方法的可行... 相似文献
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猎雷是各海军强国重点发展方向,猎雷作战中首要的就是探测识别水雷。从传播损失、混响、 目标强度以及海流、潮汐等多个方面分析了海洋环境对猎雷声呐探测识别的影响,并从猎雷作战角度提出了有关参数设置、作战方式、数据处理等对策建议,可为部队探测识别水雷等目标提供有效参考。 相似文献
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田雪冰 《数字海洋与水下攻防》2019,2(3):51-53
探猎雷装备作为海军反水雷部队的主要装备,其探测应用研究对提高建制式反水雷装备的作战效能具有重要意义。从作战部队探猎雷实战使用流程出发,结合探猎雷装备应用现状,提出了声呐探测目标的概率分类方法,建立了探测概率分类方法模型,对实际应用需解决的问题进行了探析。对开展海区水雷目标数量评估、目标的识别比对以及声呐探测航次优化等装备作战运用有一定的启发和促进作用。 相似文献
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智能水雷的作战能力评估是牵引水雷装备发展的重要手段。 在分析智能水雷基本特征的基础上,提出了较为全面的评估指标体系,建立了综合指数法模型,包括指数模型和加权和模型,基于层次分析法,完成了指标体系的权重计算。 案例分析表明：该方法具有快速、易实现等优点,计算结果能为智能水雷的发展论证、方案优选、性能改进等方面提供量化参考。 相似文献
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随着我国海军的战略转型,我军反水雷作战任务发生了变化,除了传统的近岸/ 近海反水雷任务,还增加了海峡反水雷、交通线反水雷以及海外基地反水雷等任务。 反水雷支援舰综合作战能力强、信息化与自动化程度高,在作战时为反水雷兵力提供指控、控制、通信及补给等方面的支持,快速提升反水雷系统的信息化、无人化、模块化水平,使反水雷装备能够协同工作,实现反水雷作战效能的最大化,是提高海军现有反水雷作战能力的理想装备。 相似文献
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随着战场信息化、智能化技术的空前发展,反水雷作战也越来越向着多平台协同作战方向发展,作为反水雷作战神经中枢的指挥控制系统作用越来越明显.其中任务规划是反水雷作战指挥控制的重要环节,建立战术任务规划系统的目标就是要减轻岸基指挥中心以及反水雷母舰工作人员的工作负荷,提高多个平台协同反水雷作战的整体效能.通过分析反水雷任务规... 相似文献
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随着实战化训练持续深入,海军航空兵布雷能力训练的难度和强度日益加大,传统航空布雷训练装备难以适应新形势的要求.从航空布雷训练装备的现状出发,梳理了当前3种训练装备的训练功能和特点.在此基础上,结合航空水雷作战效能评估需要,分析了当前训练装备在训练和评估方面存在的主要问题及影响,并从满足实战化航空布雷训练和效能评估的要求... 相似文献
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美军经历了多次水雷战,尝尽了作战对手所布水雷的苦头.因此,美军吸取教训大力加强反水雷力量建设,反水雷作战理念和方法也不断地更新.对美军反水雷作战思想进行探讨,从"注重一体化作战,运用层次防御;航空反水雷为主,舰潜兵力配合;猎扫雷方式并举,强调机动规避"3个方面分析了其可借鉴之处,可为我军反水雷作战思想提供改进及创新思路... 相似文献
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从水雷装备和布雷能力 2 个方面介绍了美国水雷作战能力现状。重点介绍了近年来美国开展的水雷改进/研制项目和布雷能力建设情况,包括“快速打击”系列水雷、隐蔽投送水雷、先进水下武器系列、 “锤头”水雷,以及无人布雷平台等。总结了未来美国水雷作战能力,分析了美国水雷作战能力发展的特点, 提出了美国水雷发展对我们的启示。 相似文献
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我国将建成七大国家级石化产业园区,这些石化园区无一例外的位于沿海地区或海岛上,为此加强石化园区运营期海洋环境保护意义重大.环境影响后评估是运营期检验园区环境管理水平、查找园区环境问题的重要手段之一.目前,石化园区环境影响后评估主要以环境要素逐一分析法最为常见,而将石化园区作为一个整体从资源、环境、管理等角度综合评估的方法尚不多见.本研究在阐述我国海洋环境后评估和深入分析石化园区用海特点的基础上,结合PSR框架模型加以总结,提出了石化园区海洋环境影响后评估框架与指标体系,分为框架层、方案层和指标层,共25项考核指标,以期为今后沿海石化园区海洋环境管理研究提供思路.同时,本研究明确了各类评估指标赋值和权重等计算方案,并以大连某石化园区为案例进行了评估效果验证. 相似文献
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本文针对目前海洋观测网业务化运行的海洋站（点）缺少评价体系的现状,首次应用层次分析法进行海洋站（点）观测能力、运行质量等综合能力评价的研究。通过构建评价指标层次结构,结合定性和定量分析,构建判断矩阵,建立了层次分析法模型。对海洋站（点）的特点和影响其运行质量的主要因素进行分析,从海洋站（点）的布局、观测环境代表性、仪器设备、基础设施和运行管理等方面,设计了海洋站（点）综合评价体系,评价指标权重合理准确,可为海洋站（点）的综合评价和分级管理提供理论依据。 相似文献
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《Marine Policy》2013
This study proposes a hybrid operational model to manage marine activities. This approach combines cost-benefit analysis (CBA), the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and the Dempster–Shafer theory (DST), and retains the advantages of CBA as well as facilitating the incorporation of incomplete information into the evaluation process. A particular advantage of this hybrid approach is that it can synthesize evaluation results into an easily understood unit: namely, utility. Conflicts between marine resource users (user–user conflicts) and between users and marine environment (user-environment conflicts) can easily be evaluated using this hybrid operational model. A sea use management system is proposed, which incorporates a permitting process and elements of marine spatial planning (MSP). In the proposed system, marine activities are grouped into three clusters based on their potential environmental impacts and exclusive use, then assigned to competent authorities, a panel of experts or government agencies for review and permit approval. This study suggests that the central and local governments share responsibility for approving permits for marine activities. More importantly, it suggests that the integration of marine activities needs to be handled by the central government. A numerical example is used to illustrate the application of the hybrid operational model. 相似文献
14.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the regulatory regime in the management of oil pollution in Kenya
Boaz O. Ohowa 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2009,52(1):17-21
This paper presents an evaluation of the effectiveness of the regulatory regime in the management of oil pollution on Kenya's marine and coastal environment. The prospect of chronic oil pollution along the Kenyan coastline and the port of Mombasa is discussed. A review of the vulnerable marine and coastal resources, commonly used indicators of effectiveness in oil pollution management and the legislation governing oil pollution is given. The author concludes by emphasising that despite having the right legislation in place, there is need for the establishment of criteria and indicators necessary for evaluation of policy effectiveness. 相似文献
15.
《Oceanologica Acta》1999,22(6):557-566
The ZoNéCo programme, devoted to the evaluation of living and non-living marine resources within the Economic Zone of New Caledonia, illustrates clearly the Marine Benthic Habitats concept. It exhibits the study of the physical environment and disciplines such as geology and physical oceanography. The results acquired in these fields are used as bases to study the presence and the distribution of living species within a given habitat. The knowledge of all the parameters relative to each discipline is a useful guide for the evaluation and the sustainable management of living and nonliving resources. 相似文献
16.
上海示范区卫星遥感海洋环境监测系统 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
上海示范区卫星遥感海洋环境监测系统是一套以地面卫星接收系统为基础、应用于上海示范区的海洋遥感环境监测应用系统。在发展相关遥感信息提取技术及资料同化技术的基础上，建立了完善可靠、可业务化运转的反演方法以及数值模式，提供海洋环境基本要素场的信息产品。该系统基于Windows95／98／NT平台，使用第四代软件开发语言IDL结合FORTRAN、C 开发，使用NetCDF数据存储格式。模式先进、功能强大、使用灵活、操作方便、系统稳定，是一个优秀的业务化海洋环境要素应用软件。 相似文献
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中国海洋卫星遥感应用进展 总被引：12，自引：4，他引：8
我国海洋遥感应用自20世纪70年代起步以来,取得了长足发展,构建了覆盖海洋水色、海洋动力和海洋监视监测的三大系列海洋卫星,并初步形成了具有优势互补的卫星海洋遥感业务化应用体系。本文回顾了我国海洋卫星遥感应用取得的重要进展,重点介绍了卫星遥感在海洋环境与资源监测、海洋灾害监测、海洋权益维护、海洋环境预报与安全保障等方面所构建的典型应用示范系统,以及开展的典型业务化监测应用。最后,文章对我国海洋卫星遥感应用下一步发展进行了展望分析。 相似文献
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Ecosystem-based marine spatial management: Review of concepts, policies, tools, and critical issues 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Stelios Katsanevakis Vanessa Stelzenmüller Andy South Thomas Kirk Sørensen Peter J.S. Jones Sandy Kerr Fabio Badalamenti Christos Anagnostou Patricia Breen Guillem Chust Giovanni D’Anna Mike Duijn Tatiana Filatova Fabio Fiorentino Helena Hulsman Kate Johnson Aristomenis P. Karageorgis Ingrid Kröncke Simone Mirto Carlo Pipitone Susan Portelli Wanfei Qiu Henning Reiss Dimitris Sakellariou Maria Salomidi Luc van Hoof Vassiliki Vassilopoulou Tomás Vega Fernández Sandra Vöge Anke Weber Argyro Zenetos Remment ter Hofstede 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2011,54(11):807-820
Conventional sectoral management and piecemeal governance are considered less and less appropriate in pursuit of sustainable development. Ecosystem based marine spatial management (EB-MSM) is an approach that recognizes the full array of interactions within an ecosystem, including human uses, rather than considering single issues, species, or ecosystem services in isolation. Marine spatial planning and ocean zoning are emerging concepts that can support EB-MSM. EB-MSM is driven by high-level goals that managers aim to achieve through the implementation of measures. High-level goals and objectives need to be translated into more operational objectives before specific targets, limits and measures can be elaborated.Monitoring, evaluation and adaptation are necessary to ensure that marine management measures are both effective and efficient. Solid monitoring frameworks are the foundation of adaptive management, as they provide the necessary information to evaluate performance and the effectiveness of management actions. Marine protected areas (MPAs) - possibly set up in networks - constitute a key component in EB-MSM policies and practises and have been applied as a cornerstone in conservation of marine biodiversity, management of fish populations, development of coastal tourism, etc. Moreover, MPA experiences have provided methods and concepts (such as zoning) to a wider EB-MSM context. The assignment of values to biophysical features of the marine environment allows the direct assessment of related management choices and may assist EB-MSM.A range of monetary valuation techniques have been proposed to reduce attributes of goods and services to a single metric. However, in the marine environment such an approach is often over simplistic, and thus less reductive techniques may be necessary. Rather than producing a single metric, the results of non-monetary assessments guide policy allowing weight to be given as necessary to potential areas of conflict and consensus.Strategies to take into account climate change effects and geohazard risks in EB-MSM have been applied or proposed worldwide. EB-MSM regimes must be alert to such risks and flexible to account for changes. 相似文献