共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 186 毫秒
1.
以辽宁省及其邻近地区的地震记录为例，在考虑台站空间分形的基础上，通过震源深义校正，确认了震级－频度关系中小震端频度的“掉头”现象是由于台站监测能力不足所致 小震端出现的截止震级现象做了出解释。 相似文献
2.
提出一种地震活动期、幕最大地震M1的估计方法：利用中低震级累计频度∑N与震级近似的直线关系得到间隔地震频度N与震级的线性关系。用间隔度N与震级的线性关系估计最大地震M1。结果表明，以震级－间隔频率的线性关系估计的M1比震级－累计频度关系得到的M1更接近实际发生的最大地震震级，震级－累计频率关系得到M1通常被高估。基于震级－累计频度关系曲线的特征和震级－间隔频度的线性关系估计的最大地震M1，可为中－长期地震趋势预测提供新的信息。研究表明，中国大陆自1979年开始的地震幕即将结束，而帕米尔东北侧自1915年以来的地震平静期也将结束。 相似文献
3.
中强地震前地震频次—震次关系式拟合优度变化的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据著名的Ｇｕｔｅｎｂｅｒｇ－Ｒｉｃｈｔｅｒ（以下简写成Ｇ－Ｒ）地震频次－振级统计关系式研究了我国东部地区（１０８°Ｅ以东）部分Ｍｓ≥５．０中强地震前一定时空尺内中小地震频次与震级线性拟合优度（线性相关系数ｒ）随时间变化的特征，结果表明，利用中强地震前震中区一定范围内的中小地震进行Ｇ－Ｒ关系式拟合时，其线性拟合优度在地震前出现不同程度的异常现象，其变化特点是：在中强地震发生前期，震源区及其附近中小 相似文献
4.
中强地震前地震频次－震级关系式拟合优度变化的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据著名的Ｇｕｔｅｎｂｅｒｇ－Ｒｉｃｈｔｅｒ（以下简写成Ｇ－Ｒ）地震频次－震级统计关系式研究了我国东部地区（１０８°Ｅ以东）部分Ｍｓ≥５．０中强地震前一定时空尺度内中小地震频次与震级线性拟合优度（线性相关系数ｒ）随时间变化的特征。结果表明，利用中强地震前震中区一定范围内的中小地震进行Ｇ－Ｒ关系式拟合时，其线性拟合优度在地震前出现不同程度的异常现象。其变化特点是：在中强地震发生前期，震源区及其附近中小地震的发生在能级上分配均匀，线性拟合优度接近１；随着中强地震的临近，该区中小地震在能级上的分配存在着较显著的不均匀现象，表现为线性拟合优度明显下降。这种拟合优度的异常变化具有中期异常性质，有可能为中强地震的中期判定提供依据。 相似文献
5.
地震震级—频度G—R关系的偏离度 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
假设震级－频度分布服从对应于Ｇ－Ｒ式母体分布污染的情况，文中引进震级分布偏离度来描述实际资料分布与Ｇ－Ｒ式的偏离程度。在Ｇ－Ｒ式分参数稳健估计的基础上给出了偏离度的计算方法。华北地区１９８０－１９９３年取资料时间窗长１年，滑动步长１个月的ζ值计算结果表明，６级左右强地震前的半年至一个半左右ζ值明显为相对稳定的低值，震后呈高值变化。 相似文献
6.
利用近代微震资料研究地震危险性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用１９７０～１９９３年华北地区ＭＬ≥２．０的微震资料，根据其地震活动特点，从中挑选了一些有代表性的区域，做其Ｇ－Ｒ关系曲线，由该曲线可得到每个震级的年频次，同时，由该区域的历史地震（１３００－１９９３年）可得到较大震级的实际年频次，两者对比，发现具有很好的一致性。因此，当选取合适的区域时，利用近代微资料可以推测出该区域较大地震的活动情况，但同时有两点注意：（１）利用微震资料进行统计时，得到的得一 相似文献
7.
利用１９７０～１９９４年华北地区仪器记录到的地震目录，通过层次模型，将该地区分为不同大小的单元，在每个单元中，由小震活动情况，通过Ｇ－Ｒ关系是到较大地震的活动情况；并根据震级和烈度之间的关系，得到未来５０ａ不同地震烈度的发生概率，文中还将所得结果与历史地震活动情况以及第三代区划图进行对比研究，结果表明，由近代小震活动对地震危险性进行评估是可能的。 相似文献
8.
9.
Yan Zunguo 《中国地震》1994,(4)
文中依据古登堡－里克特（Ｇ－Ｒ）震级－频度公式，结合实例说明了参数ｂ值的稳健估计方法，并将其与最小二乘法及最大似然法比较。结果表明，一般情况下，稳健估算结果与实际数据分布较吻合，并且可以在不剔除低震级段和大震级段的偏离分布值的情况下，取得与选取合理震级上下限后最小二乘法一致的结果。此外，稳健估计结果的余差分析同样也得到地震震级－频度关系不是简单的对数线性关系的结果，而原始Ｇ－Ｒ公式需加二次以上的高次项才能较好地描述该特性。 相似文献
10.
古地震和断层滑动速率数据结合加州理工学院和美国地质调查局（ＣＩＴＵＳＧＳ０地震目录（１９４４－１９９２）用于检测沿南加州地区主要走滑断层的震级－频度分布的形态。对于纽波特－英格尔伍德断层、埃尔西诺断层、加洛克断层和圣安德烈斯断层，得到的分布是符合断层行为的特征地震模式的。沿圣哈辛托断层观测到的分布满足古登堡－里克特关系。如果仅注意圣哈辛托断层上由大的历史地震的破裂带或由断层线的清晰阶距标记的断层段 相似文献
11.
为了由过去的地震活动性推测将来的地震活动性,引入了地震（震级≥m）的期望年发生率v（≥m）来描述一个地区的地震活动性．根据全球地震目录（1964-1994年）以及南加州（1932-1995年）和华北（1970-1994年）两个区域地震目录资料,以统计样本量作为目录记录时间长短的相对量度,对由不同的统计样本量计算得出的地震实际年发生率v（≥m,T,t）进行了统计分析,得到三点结沦：①在统计样本量n足够大的情况下,地震实际年发生率表现出准平稳时间过程的特征,可近似地看作地震期望年发生率,本文给出了这种近似的误差（离差系数）与统计样本量之间的定量关系;②离差系数与统计样本量之间的关系与震级无关,表现出不同震级层次的相似性;③统计样本量相同时,不同震级的地震期望年发生率之间满足logv（≥）=a－bm的关系,形式上与G－R关系相似,但它给出了由小地震的统计特征估计大地震的期望年发生率及其统计误差的方法．基于上述结论,进一步讨论了地震活动性的统计特征在地震危险性分析中的潜在应用。 相似文献
12.
Chen Yong Chen QifuState Seismological Bureau Beijing ChinaCenter for Analysis Prediction SSB Beijing China 《中国地震研究》1995,(4)
The historical earthquake catalogue of China has lasted more than 3000 years,and most of its data are inferred from historical records.The earthquake catalogue in earlier times is not complete owing to various reasons,so some events are lost.This paper estimates the loss rate of earthquakes with various magnitudes in the historical earthquake catalogue for different time intervals quantitatively by using the Gutenberg-Richter formula and modern instrumental records,which will provide the references for statistic research in seismicity. 相似文献
13.
We investigate spatio-temporal properties of earthquake patterns in the San Jacinto fault zone (SJFZ), California, between Cajon Pass and the Superstition Hill Fault, using a long record of simulated seismicity constrained by available seismological and geological data. The model provides an effective realization of a large segmented strike-slip fault zone in a 3D elastic half-space, with heterogeneous distribution of static friction chosen to represent several clear step-overs at the surface. The simulated synthetic catalog reproduces well the basic statistical features of the instrumental seismicity recorded at the SJFZ area since 1981. The model also produces events larger than those included in the short instrumental record, consistent with paleo-earthquakes documented at sites along the SJFZ for the last 1,400 years. The general agreement between the synthetic and observed data allows us to address with the long-simulated seismicity questions related to large earthquakes and expected seismic hazard. The interaction between m ≥ 7 events on different sections of the SJFZ is found to be close to random. The hazard associated with m ≥ 7 events on the SJFZ increases significantly if the long record of simulated seismicity is taken into account. The model simulations indicate that the recent increased number of observed intermediate SJFZ earthquakes is a robust statistical feature heralding the occurrence of m ≥ 7 earthquakes. The hypocenters of the m ≥ 5 events in the simulation results move progressively towards the hypocenter of the upcoming m ≥ 7 earthquake. 相似文献
14.
15.
ＡｕｎｉｆｏｒｍｃａｔａｌｏｇｏｆｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｓｆｏｒｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｈａｚａｒｄａｓｅｓｍｅｎｔｉｎＩｒａｎＮｏｏｒｂａｋｈｓｈＭｉｒｚａｅｉ１，２）ＭＥＮＧ－ＴＡＮＧＡＯ１）（高孟谭）ＹＵＮ－ＴＡＩＣＨＥＮ１）（陈运泰）ＪＩＡＮＷＡＮＧ１... 相似文献
16.
James R. Holliday Donald L. Turcotte John B. Rundle 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2008,165(6):1003-1024
There are two fundamentally different approaches to assessing the probabilistic risk of earthquake occurrence. The first is fault based. The statistical occurrence of earthquakes is determined for mapped faults. The applicable models are renewal models in that a tectonic loading of faults is included. The second approach is seismicity based. The risk of future earthquakes is based on the past seismicity in the region. These are also known as cluster models. An example of a cluster model is the epidemic type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model. In this paper we discuss an alternative branching aftershock sequence (BASS) model. In the BASS model an initial, or seed, earthquake is specified. The subsequent earthquakes are obtained from statistical distributions of magnitude, time, and location. The magnitude scaling is based on a combination of the Gutenberg-Richter scaling relation and the modified Båth’s law for the scaling relation of aftershock magnitudes relative to the magnitude of the main earthquake. Omori’s law specifies the distribution of earthquake times, and a modified form of Omori’s law specifies the distribution of earthquake locations. Unlike the ETAS model, the BASS model is fully self-similar, and is not sensitive to the low magnitude cutoff. 相似文献
17.
Seismicity in the Eastern Tellian Atlas of Algeria is active of moderate to low magnitude. The direct identification of active fault is often a difficult task. In fact, in this region, despite the intense seismicity, only the Constantine earthquake of 27 October, 1985 ( M s = 5.7) and the Kherrata earthquake of 17 February, 1949 ( M s = 4.7), have generated surface ruptures. Hence, the integration of both geological, historical and instrumental seismic data are important in order to characterise the most important seismogenic structures. This paper presents a preliminary overview of the identified neotectonic faults that we consider active in the Eastern Tellian Atlas of Algeria. Thus, seismicity and neotectonic maps are presented and the faults which are active or potentially active from a neotectonic point of view are shown in relation with the main seismic groupings. This study based mainly on available seismic and bibliographic data and several unpublished marine seismic data enable us to suspect a fault as the eventual source of the Jijeli earthquake of 21 August 1856 that destroyed the Jijeli town and its surroundings. The results inferred from this work represent a starting point for more detailed studies in seismogenic areas. 相似文献
18.
地震目录资料是进行地震预测、地震危险性分析、地震活动性研究等地震学研究的基础资料.对地震目录资料的完整性可靠性分析是地震学研究的基础工作之一.近几十年来我国积累的大量的仪器地震记录,历史地震也在不断更新,为地震活动性研究提供了更为丰富的样本,因此有必要对新的地震目录进行完整性分析.本文采用了新的统计方法对我国仪器记录地震目录和历史破坏性地震目录进行了完整性分析.结果表明,对于仪器记录地震目录（M≥3.0）我国东部地区1975年后基本完整,西部地区1980年后基本完整.对于历史地震目录（M≥5.0）,东部地区1500年后基本完整,西部地区1950年后基本完整.考虑到华北地震区历史破坏性地震（M≥43/4）活动的时间非平稳性,我们采用突变点分析法研究了华北地震区历史破坏性地震目录的时间特征,得到了华北地震区地震活动周期性变化的突变点位置,并揭示了华北地震区历史破坏性地震目录完整起始时间约为公元1500年前后. 相似文献
19.
海原大震的历史意义及大震减灾对策的讨论--纪念海原地震80周年 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
１９２０年海原大震的发生是中国地震工作由古代低层次的记载进入了现代科学研究的里程碑。文章回顾了海原大震的历史事件,研究了大震发生后造成的大区域地震活动变化后果,在实施西部大开发的今天,必须重视历史经验教训,加强对抗震对策的研究。 相似文献
20.
R. B. S. Yadav Yusuf Bayrak J. N. Tripathi S. Chopra A. P. Singh Erdem Bayrak 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2012,169(9):1619-1639
The maximum likelihood estimation method is applied to study the geographical distribution of earthquake hazard parameters and seismicity in 28 seismogenic source zones of NW Himalaya and the adjoining regions. For this purpose, we have prepared a reliable, homogeneous and complete earthquake catalogue during the period 1500–2010. The technique used here allows the data to contain either historical or instrumental era or even a combination of the both. In this study, the earthquake hazard parameters, which include maximum regional magnitude (M max), mean seismic activity rate (λ), the parameter b (or β?=?b/log e) of Gutenberg–Richter (G–R) frequency-magnitude relationship, the return periods of earthquakes with a certain threshold magnitude along with their probabilities of occurrences have been calculated using only instrumental earthquake data during the period 1900–2010. The uncertainties in magnitude have been also taken into consideration during the calculation of hazard parameters. The earthquake hazard in the whole NW Himalaya region has been calculated in 28 seismogenic source zones delineated on the basis of seismicity level, tectonics and focal mechanism. The annual probability of exceedance of earthquake (activity rate) of certain magnitude is also calculated for all seismogenic source zones. The obtained earthquake hazard parameters were geographically distributed in all 28 seismogenic source zones to analyze the spatial variation of localized seismicity parameters. It is observed that seismic hazard level is high in Quetta-Kirthar-Sulaiman region in Pakistan, Hindukush-Pamir Himalaya region and Uttarkashi-Chamoli region in Himalayan Frontal Thrust belt. The source zones that are expected to have maximum regional magnitude (M max) of more than 8.0 are Quetta, southern Pamir, Caucasus and Kashmir-Himanchal Pradesh which have experienced such magnitude of earthquakes in the past. It is observed that seismic hazard level varies spatially from one zone to another which suggests that the examined regions have high crustal heterogeneity and seismotectonic complexity. 相似文献