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1.
通过模拟 3种不同的浅层地下含水介质系统对排污河渠中磷去除实验 ,发现不同的含水介质对排污河渠中的总磷都有去除和净化的功能 ,并随着含水介质厚度的增加 ,总磷的去除率逐渐升高。不同的含水介质对总磷的去除效果不同 ,中砂对总磷的去除效果明显优于粗砂。去除磷的主要机理为吸附和沉淀 ,含水介质对磷去除的主要影响因素有介质的颗粒大小、不均匀系数、粘粒含量等。由于排污河渠长期的污水渗漏会在河床底部形成底泥 ,增强了对磷的去除效果 ,所以排污河渠一般不易造成对地下水的磷污染。 相似文献
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污染河水中氨氮对浅层地下水的影响 总被引：14，自引：2，他引：12
氨氮是目前地表水和地下水的一个重要污染源.室内试验选用3种天然砂土作为渗透介质, 以生活污水模拟污染河水, 经过近1 0个月的土柱试验, 发现氨氮在粗砂中第1 7天达吸附饱和, 第1 8— 1 4 0天去除率小于1 0 %, 在中砂中第1 30—1 4 0天吸附饱和, 以后均发生解吸出水浓度大于进水浓度.野外实验凉水河的氨氮浓度为4 6.86mg/L和2 6.95mg/L时, 地下水的氨氮浓度均小于1.1 0mg/L, 表明凉水河对地下水的实际影响不如室内大, 原因是底泥、河床下部渗透介质的厚度和岩性以及河水渗漏量的影响.排污河还清试验表明, 排污河清淤、灌入清水后, 会很明显地把排污河下部渗透介质中的氨氮带到地下水中, 造成地下水的二次污染. 相似文献
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生物曝气技术对石油类污染地下水的修复效果及去除机制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对东北某石油污染场地水文地质条件进行模拟,按照试验场地地层现状进行实验室缩放,研究微生物在含水层介质为砾砂、粗砂和中砂中的迁移速度以及含水层介质吸附的微生物量。选取苯和二甲苯作为目标石油污染物,研究生物曝气技术对被污染地下水的修复效果及其去除污染物的机制。实验结果表明:微生物在介质中的迁移速度从大到小为砾砂、粗砂、中砂;介质吸附微生物量的顺序从大到小为中砂、粗砂、砾砂;生物曝气4个月后,苯和二甲苯去除率分别为86.4%和81.7%,BS对中砂层中的苯和二甲苯去除效果好于砾砂层和粗砂层,苯的去除效果好于二甲苯。由挥发机制去除的污染物为46.24%,生物降解去除的污染物为36.98%,BS技术可以有效去除地下水中石油类污染物。 相似文献
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太湖疏浚底泥堆场黏土防渗层阻隔污染物的试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
底泥疏浚是治理太湖污染的必要途径之一。限于目前国内的经济与技术条件以及疏浚底泥的数量巨大,太湖雪浪底泥堆场只能直接采用下部的天然黏性土层作为防渗层而不加任何处理。为了确保疏浚污染底泥在堆放期间不对周围环境和地下水造成污染,采用渗透与阻隔、静态吸附、动态土柱等试验测定和分析了黏土层对底泥中主要污染物（总氮、氨氮、硝氮、亚硝氮、总磷、化学耗氧量（COD））渗透和运移的阻隔能力,同时得到了可用于分析污染物在土层中运移和转化规律的一些重要参数。试验结果表明,雪浪堆场下部的黏土层对疏浚底泥中的主要污染物具有较强的吸附和阻隔能力。 相似文献
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多层渗滤介质处理微污染水体的中试研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对传统的渗滤系统进行改进,采用多层渗滤介质系统,以期增大人工土层对颗粒有机物的接触氧化表面积,同时设置曝气装置保证好氧过程的氧气供应,可以大大提高污水地下处理系统的水力负荷。以北京典型的细砂、中砂、粗砂和砾石为填充材料,处理北京市海淀区上庄水库的污染水体,远优于类似的系统。现场试验结果表明,改进后的系统能创造良好的好氧/厌氧环境,对污染物去除效果良好,CODCr、TN、NH+4-N和TP去除率分别达到了48.57%~94.87%、18.49%~70.21%、20.51%~87.50%和5692%~80.65%,出水达到了地表水Ⅲ-Ⅳ类水质标准。多层渗滤介质系统通过微生物的硝化、反硝化作用实现生物脱氮是去除氮的主要途径;土壤的吸附与沉淀作用是去除磷的主要途径。
相似文献
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河床含水系统对单环芳烃净化特征室内模拟 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了模拟长期排污河流中单环芳烃在地表水-地下水系统迁移转化规律以及不同含水介质和水动力条件对单环芳烃的净化特征, 室内土柱实验采用3种有代表性的天然砂土为研究对象, 以生活污水模拟纳污河流, 实验历时5个月.单环芳烃的自然净化作用主要发生在河床底下0.4m内, 垂直向下单环芳烃各组分浓度呈由高到低的分布特征; 粗砂对苯、甲苯和单环芳烃总量(TBETX) 总净化率分别为32.06%、21.39%和27.13%;中砂1分别为76.26%、81.40%、87.99%;中砂2分别为68.94%、74.41%、81.69%, 这表明, 河流污染初期河床底含水介质完全饱水, 含水介质颗粒尺寸越大, 对单环芳烃的净化率就越低, 单环芳烃容易迁移进入地下水中; 随着时间的延长, 河床底部淤泥层不断增加, 砂层中的水流处于非饱和状态, 淤泥层和含水介质系统对单环芳烃的净化能力较饱水流时大, 单环芳烃不容易迁移进入地下水. 相似文献
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根据国内提出的控制饮用水生物稳定性的可同化有机碳(AOC)标准,通过配制水样研究了AOC及细菌再生长潜力(BRP)同水中磷含量的关系;同时针对净水工艺试验出水水样,考察了水中的磷同其生物稳定性的关系。结果表明,对于配水水样,在一定的磷浓度范围内,磷是水中细菌生长的限制因子;在净水试验工艺出水水样中添加50μg/L的PO43--P后,AOC增加了55%,BRP增加了123%,表明水中磷是其生物稳定性的限制因子。由于常规的净水工艺对水中的磷可以有效去除,把水中总磷(TP)控制在5μg/L内来提高饮用水生物稳定性具有一定的可能性和现实性。 相似文献
9.
污染河流中苯系物对浅层地下水影响的室内模拟试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究污染河流中苯系物对浅层地下水的影响，室内试验选用3种天然砂土作为渗透介质，以生活污水模拟污染河流，68d以后发现，苯、甲苯和苯系物总量的总去除率在粗砂中分别为32．06％、21．39％和27．13％。在两种中砂中总去除率2号柱为76．26％、81．40％和87．99％，3号柱为68．94％、74．41％和81．69％，粗砂小于中砂，并且由于2号柱的粘粒物质含量大，其总去除率大于3号柱和1号柱。苯系物各组分浓度随深度呈递减趋势，苯系物的净化作用主要发生在地表以下0．4m范围内。水动力特征的改变影响污染物的迁移和转化特征，苯系物的去除机理为挥发、吸附和生物降解，其中最主要的是厌氧条件下的微生物降解。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozac&#x;h Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology, 相似文献
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正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.) 相似文献
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正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se- 相似文献
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正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with 相似文献