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通过远震记录SH波位移脉冲的二阶矩的计算,得到了1988年澜沧地震(Ms=7.6)震源扩展参数．采用最小二乘原理反演了震源过程的持续时间T、断层长度L和方向性参数D,并得到T=11.77 s、D=15.05 kms、L=70.94 km.结果表明,1988年澜沧地震为对称双侧破裂．两侧破裂长度均为35 km.结合余震分布分析表明,在两个主震破裂区的连接部位存在着一个主震时未破裂的区域．由于主震时的位错,应变将重新凋整．连接部位具有足够的强度,以储存可以激发较大余震的应变能． 相似文献
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前震和普通震群震源深度分布的比较 总被引：2，自引：4，他引：2
本文从强固区模型和地壳应力分布特点出发,讨论了前震和普通震群在震源深度分布上的差异性。分析中国大陆39组震群震源深度数据。结果表明,普通震群多数分布在强度较低的上地壳,前震和前兆震群比普通震群要深得多,可能达到中下地壳,差别显著。为减小测深误差的影响,建议把相对深度特征值△H作为一种识别前震和普通震群的可能标志。普通震群最大深度H_(max)一般≤16km,而前震的H_(max)均>16km。震群的震源垂直尺度△H_1≤10km,而前震的△H_1>10km。震群的最大深度距平值△H_2≤6km,而前震的△H_2>6km。 相似文献
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山西地区地震震源深度特征及构造意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
选取山西数字地震台网地震震源深度资料,采用网格滑动平均法,对2001—2011年2 535个定位精度为Ⅰ类(t≤0.5 s)、Ⅱ类(0.5 st≤1.5 s)且ML≥2.0地震的震源深度分布特征进行统计,结果显示,山西地区地震的平均震源深度为0—40 km,中小地震震源深度以6—20 km为主,个别区域有深度20 km以上的地震分布。从剖面图可见,山西地区震源深度分布集中,基本可见大同、忻定、太原和临汾盆地震源深度下界。分析可知,很多深源地震发生在盆地内部,此区域地震活动性高,震源深度范围大,与山西地堑的拉张构造吻合;山西地区地震震源深度由北向南逐渐变深,意味着山西省地堑的形成是从南向北逐渐发展的。 相似文献
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玻利维亚Alteplano(字面意思为“高台”)6月9日8.2级地震提出的最复杂的问题并不是在西半球强烈有感时它造成的轻微破坏,而是它激发起以前从未见过的地球的固有振荡,并可能使地球物理学家以50km的分辨率画出地球内部的图象。这是因为玻利维亚地震(h=640 km)震源深度在地下75-670km范围内,属于那类稀有的“深源地震”。地幔内的高温高压状态使岩石在应力作用下流动而不是断裂,深源地震如何能够发生,这是一个在20年代末期自从人们确认它的存在时就开始关 相似文献
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2003年7月21日云南大姚发生6.2级地震 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
据中国地震局地球物理研究所测定 ,2 0 0 3年 7月 2 1日 2 3时 1 6分 (北京时间 )在我国云南地区 ( 2 5 9°N ,1 0 1 2°E)发生一次MS6 2地震及多次较强余震 ,造成了较大的人员伤亡和财产损失。1 地震震源参数据地震部门测定 ,这次地震的震中位于大理市东北约 1 0 0km处的楚雄彝族自治州大姚县昙华乡 ,距大姚县县城约 30km ,距云南省省会昆明市约 1 80km ,震源深度 6km。这次地震持续了几十秒。主震发生后 ,余震不断 ,截至 7月 2 8日 ,在大理、大姚、洱源、永胜、通海等地共发生 4 89次余震 ,其中 7月 2 4日上午 7时 52分在昙华乡发生… 相似文献
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陈俊磊 《地震地磁观测与研究》2021,42(z1):35-38
1 研究背景
2014年8月3日云南鲁甸发生MS6.5地震(简称鲁甸地震),震源深度10 km(中国地震台网中心发布).此次地震发生后,关于震源深度,一些研究者给出不同结果,如:张广伟等(2014)利用gCAP方法进行拟合,得到此次地震矩心深度为5 km;Xie等(2015)利用CAP方法进行拟合,得到此次地震矩心深度为3 km.笔者采用gCAP方法和全波形方法,获得此次地震矩心深度分别为3 km和10 km.由此可见,不同研究人员采用不同方法拟合所得此次地震的震源深度结果并不一致.文中拟采用Yuan等(2020)开发的深度扫描法重新判定鲁甸地震的震源深度. 相似文献
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陈俊磊 《地震地磁观测与研究》2021,42(z1):35-38
1 研究背景
2014年8月3日云南鲁甸发生MS6.5地震(简称鲁甸地震),震源深度10 km(中国地震台网中心发布).此次地震发生后,关于震源深度,一些研究者给出不同结果,如:张广伟等(2014)利用gCAP方法进行拟合,得到此次地震矩心深度为5 km;Xie等(2015)利用CAP方法进行拟合,得到此次地震矩心深度为3 km.笔者采用gCAP方法和全波形方法,获得此次地震矩心深度分别为3 km和10 km.由此可见,不同研究人员采用不同方法拟合所得此次地震的震源深度结果并不一致.文中拟采用Yuan等(2020)开发的深度扫描法重新判定鲁甸地震的震源深度. 相似文献
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采用震源深度测定的确定性方法(PTD)和HypoSAT方法,使用新疆地震台网记录的原始地震波形数据,计算2015年7月3日皮山M_S 6.5主震和余震序列震源深度。结果显示,对于主震,采用PTD方法得到震源深度为21 km,采用HypoSAT方法得到震源深度为20 km;对于地震序列,采用PTD方法得到的震源深度主要分布在15—35 km,平均深度为23 km,而采用HypoSAT方法得到的震源深度主要分布在5—30 km,平均深度为19 km;采用PTD方法计算得到的震源深度较深,与中国地震局地球物理研究所采用矩张量反演得到的矩心深度(24 km)相差不大。 相似文献
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应用CAP和深度震相方法,对2018年3月20日发生在广东阳西的M3.7级地震震源深度进行了测定。首先通过CAP方法反演获得震源机制解,拟合最佳震源深度为12km。然后在震中距100km以内的近台识别出清晰的sPL和PmP、sPmP震相,利用频率-波数(F-K)方法,计算出深度震相在不同深度下的理论地震图,与实际观测波形对比测定震源深度为12km。再利用250~400km震中距范围内台站上识别出的sPn与Pn震相的走时差,测得震源深度12.6km。多种方法的研究结果一致,表明该地震震源深度为12km比较可靠。 相似文献
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D. M. Pechersky A. A. Lyubushin Z. V. Sharonova 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2010,46(7):613-623
The data on geomagnetic reversals are compared with the changes in the organic world and with the lower-mantle plumes. The
times of the formation of plumes and the times of their appearance on the Earth’s surface relate to the intervals characterized
by the different frequencies of geomagnetic reversals, i.e., there is no interrelation between the formation of plumes and
the frequency of the changes in the geomagnetic field polarity. At the same time, a certain synchronism is observed between
the frequency of the geomagnetic reversals and the boundaries of the biostratigraphic ages, i.e., the changes in the organic
world in the long-period range. A hypothesis is proposed, which explains the change in the sign of the geomagnetic field by
the combined effect of the irregular rotation of the internal core relative to the mantle and the changes in the slope angle
of the axis of the Earth’s rotation, which, in turn, results in synchronous events on the Earth’s surface: the rates of changes
in the organic world. 相似文献
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Summary The maintenance of the axisymmetric component of the flow in the atmosphere is investigated by means of a steady-state, quasi-geostrophic formulation of the meteorological equations. It is shown that the meridional variations in the time-averaged axisymmetric variables can be expressed as the sum of three contributions, one being due to the eddy heat transport, another to the eddy momentum transport, and a third to the convective-radiative equilibrium temperature which enters the problem through the specification of a Newtonian form of diabatic heating. The contributions by the large scale eddies are evaluated through the use of observed values for the eddy heat and momentum transports.The contributions from each of the three forcing mechanisms to the temperature and zonal wind fields are invstigated individually and found to be of about equal importance. The sum of the three contributions are also presented for the temperature, the zonal wind, the stream function associated with the mean meridional circulation and the corresponding vertical motion. Although the results fail to reproduce the main observed features of the lower stratosphere, they are found to be in good agreement with observations in the middle latitude troposphere. At any pressure level, for example, the computed mean zonal wind has a jet-like profile and the axis of the jet is found to slope to the south with height, as observed in the atmosphere.Based in part on a thesis submitted by the first author as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree at the University of Michigan. — Publication No. 194 from the Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, The University of Michigan. 相似文献
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Prof. Dr. W. A. Heiskanen 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1958,41(1):1-18
Summary The author mentions the aims of the World-wide gravity project he established in the Ohio State University in Columbus, in 1950. He outlines the practical procedure of the gravimetric computations of the undulationsN and the vertical deflection components and and emphasizes that only by the global international cooperation and additional gravity observations at sea carried out during the last decade it has been possible to gather to Columbus the needed gravity material. Since there exist still large gravimetrically unsurveyed areas it is of vital significance to study what gravity anomalies are best to be used for these regions. The given figures concerning the accuracy of theN, and , estimated theoretically and obtained in practice, indicate that in the gravimetrically well surveyed parts of the world like in Europe and the United States we can get gravimetrically on basis of existing gravity material theN-values with accuracy of about 5–10 meters, and and with the accuracy of about 1. The geoid undulationsN are already computed in Columbus for more than 6000 points of the northern hemisphere. The sample maps show the interesting geoid of Europe and vicinity between the latitudes 60° and 30° and longitude 5° W and 30° E, drafted on basis of more than 1000N-values computed at the corners of 1°×1° squares. It is interesting to realize that the geoid undulations in all this area are positive, the extreme values being between 40 and 50 meters. The geophysical significance of the geoid maps of this kind is pointed out. 相似文献
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综合APIA、HONOLULU、PAMATAI 3个地磁台三分量的11年周期变化的形态后,可定性地提出该变化源于内场。如内源为核幔边界的电涡流,则其中心点应位于3台之间。 相似文献
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V. E. Pavlov T. Yu. Tolmacheva R. V. Veselovskiy A. V. Latyshev A. M. Fetisova I. V. Bigun 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2017,53(5):702-713
Until recently, the existing data prevented the geophysicists from accurately dating the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, which outcrops in the middle reach of the Kotuy River, constraining the time of its formation to a wide interval from the end of the Late Cambrian to the beginning of the Silurian. The obtained paleomagnetic data unambiguously correlate the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum to the Nyaian regional stage and constrain its formation, at least a considerable part of it, by the Tremadocian. This result perfectly agrees with the data on the Bysy-Yuryakh conodonts studied in this work and yields a spectacular example of the successful application of paleomagnetic studies in solving important tasks of stratigraphy and, correspondingly, petroleum geology. Within the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, we revealed a large normal-polarity interval corresponding to the long (>1 Ma) period when the geomagnetic reversals were absent. This result, in combination with the data for the Tremadocian and Middle–Upper Cambrian sequences of the other regions, indicates that (1) the rate of occurrence of the geomagnetic reversals on the eve of the Ordovician Moyero superchron of reversed polarity was at most one reversal per Ma; (2) the superchron does not switch on instantaneously but is preceded by a certain gradual change in the operation conditions of the dynamo mechanism which, inter alia, manifests itself by the reduction of the frequency of geomagnetic reversals with the approach of the superchron. This finding supports the views according to which a process preparing the establishment of the superchrons takes place at the core–mantle boundary. 相似文献
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The global database on the paleointensity, containing determinations of the virtual dipole moment (VDM) for a stable (normal) regime of the geomagnetic field in a time interval of up to 3.5 Ga, is supplemented by new VDM determinations and analyzed. The field generation process started no later than 3–3.5 Ga (earlier data are absent) at the stage of the Earth’s core formation. Since that time, the dipole value has differed from its present value by no more than an order of magnitude, and the deviations that have already been detected tend toward smaller values. The distribution of VDM values in the time interval 0–400 Ma is bimodal, which apparently reflects the presence of two different generation levels of the geomagnetic field distinguished by a relatively large value (close to the present field value) and a relatively small value (approximately half as large as the present value). The total duration of decreased VDM values appreciably exceeds that of increased VDM values (179.1 and 28.6 Myr, respectively). On the whole, data on the paleointensity do not contradict the hypothesis about the dipole nature of the field over the last 400 Myr; however, the number of determinations at high paleolatitudes is too small to draw decisive conclusions on the validity (or invalidity) of the dipole field approximation based solely on paleointensity data. 相似文献
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The nutations of the planets Mars andEarth are investigated and compared. Alarge number of interior structureparameters are involved in the nutationcomputations. The comparison between the observations and the computationsprovides several constraints on these parmeters andtherefore allows a better understanding of the physics of the interior of theplanet. For the Earth, the high precision of the observations of the nutationshas led to a very good determination of interior properties of the planet. ForMars, observations of nutations are not yet available, and we review how theamplitude of the Martian nutations depends on the hypotheses consideredfor its interior. Although Mars is very similar to the Earth, its interior is not well known;for example, we don't knowif its core is liquid or solid. Only if the core is liquid,the Free Core Nutation (FCN) normal mode exists and can alter the nutationswhich are close to the resonance. From the observed geoids, it is known thatboth planets are not in hydrostatic equilibrium. The departure is larger forMars than for the Earth, and consequently, the implication of considering a convective mantle instead of a mantle in hydrostatic equilibrium described byClairaut's equation for the initial equilibrium state of the planet is largeron the Martian nutations than on the Earth nutations. The consequences of theuncertainty in the core dimensions are also examined and shown to be of a veryhigh influence for Mars if the core is liquid, due to the potential changes inthe FCN resonance. The influence of the presence of an inner core, which isknown to exist for the Earth, could be more important for Mars than for theEarth if the inner core is large. Due to the presence of Tharsis on Mars, thetriaxiality of this planet has, additionally, larger effects than on Earth. 相似文献
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Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The evolution of the magnetic configuration in the solar corona is studied. The curvature of the K-corona helmets obtained from an analytical approximation of the... 相似文献