共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 421 毫秒
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《地震工程与工程振动》2021,41(2)
采用低温动三轴试验方法,以黑龙江省季冻区盐渍化问题比较突出的大庆杜尔伯特地区盐渍土为研究对象,针对负温、围压和振动频率3个试验条件,对季冻区盐渍土的动应力、动弹性模量、模量比和阻尼比等动力参数的变化规律及其主要影响因素进行研究,给出不同影响因素下的动应力与动应变关系曲线;动弹性模量与动应变曲线;动模量比与动应变关系曲线和阻尼比与动应变关系曲线的归一化拟合曲线。试验表明:温度对动应力影响最明显,在应变相同的情况下,温度与动应力、动弹性模量、阻尼比呈负相关,而与模量比呈正相关。围压对动弹性模量影响显著,与动应力、动弹性模量、模量比呈正相关,而与阻尼比呈负相关。频率对模量比和阻尼比影响较大,随着频率的增大动应力、动弹性模量和模量比先增大后减小,阻尼比先减小后增大。研究成果为盐渍土场地动力分析计算,冻胀与融沉评价以及冻害防治提供了更为合理可靠的理论依据,可供我国高寒地区工程设计和施工参考。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2015,(6)
为探明动荷加载过程中黄土结构损伤的耗能机制及其对变形特性的影响规律,针对原状Q3黄土,开展了一系列固结比=1.5、含水量=15%、18%、21%、24%和围压=50、100、200、300 k Pa试验条件下等幅循环加载的动三轴试验。通过引入能量耗散比定义的损伤变量,研究了结构性土动力损伤的耗能机制,分析了结构性黄土动力损伤对动模量、阻尼比和动残余变形模量的影响变化规律。研究表明:初始结构性和应力状态相同的同一种结构性土的动力损伤的破坏耗能与动荷载无关;不同固结应力水平下,动模量和阻尼比随结构损伤累积呈现出不同的变化规律,但最终都会趋于土破坏状态的某一稳定值;动残余变形模量随结构损伤累积呈单调递减关系,低围压条件下的递减幅度逐渐趋缓,高围压条件下则全程较缓;动残余变形模量与损伤变量之间的变化关系可用二次函数拟合,拟合结果与实验结果具有很好的一致性。 相似文献
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针对广西上林县原状红黏土开展一系列循环加载动三轴试验,分析天然含水率、围压与固结应力比等对红黏土动力特性,包话动应力-动应变关系、动弹性模量以及阻尼比等的影响来研究循环荷载作用下红黏土的动力特性。试验结果表明:广西原状红黏土动应力-动应变关系曲线接近双曲线;由于初始剪应力的影响,达到相同的动应变,在均压固结下所需的动应力比在偏压固结下所需动应力要小;动弹性模量随着动应变的增加而减小,且减小幅度随应变增加逐渐减小,初始应力状态对动弹性模量的影响最为显著;固结应力比、围压、含水率和振动次数等对阻尼比均有影响,综合反映在阻尼比随动应变增加而减小,阻尼比离散性较大,取值范围在0.05~0.20之间。利用Konder双曲线模型对试验数据进行拟合,得到相关参数,可为广西地区原状红黏土动力特性设计和数值计算提供一定的理论和参数支持。 相似文献
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以片状颗粒成分为主的片状结构砂与常用的圆形颗粒标准石英砂相比,在物理力学特性上有显著的差异。循环荷载作用下,饱和砂土振动孔压上升会导致土体刚度发生软化,当振动孔压累积达到一定水平时,会产生液化现象,从而引起土体结构发生破坏。采用英国WFI动三轴仪,研究了南京片状细砂在循环荷载作用下,静偏应力水平、循环应力比水平和循环次数对其动应力一应变关系的影响,考虑每一次循环过程中动应力—应变关系滞回曲线的卸载及再加载割线动剪切模量Gsec和最大割线模量Gmax的变化特性,建立了动剪模量软化的经验公式;静偏应力水平对动剪模量软化有显著影响,随着循环次数的增加,动应力—应变滞回圈逐渐向应变累积方向滑移和向应变轴方向倾斜,且彼此分离;考虑循环软化特性,采用修正的Masing准则,描述了循环荷载下南京片状细砂的动应力—应变关系。 相似文献
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采用MTS810动三轴试验仪,用二氧化碳+脱气水循环渗流法对重塑黄土进行饱和,进行了一系列对石碑塬滑坡区饱和黄土液化后变形特性试验。考虑干密度和初始有效围压对黄土液化后变形特性的影响,将液化与未液化黄土在单调静荷载作用下的应力-应变曲线进行对比。实验结果表明:利用二氧化碳+脱气水循环渗流法可以使重塑黄土饱和取得较好的效果;饱和石碑塬黄土具有明显的液化特征,在强震作用下发生液化,液化后强度大大衰减,应力-应变曲线呈弱硬化型,分为两个阶段;干密度和初始有效围压对液化后黄土的强度有一定影响,初始有效围压与不排水强度呈拟合度较高的线性关系,初始有效围压越高,液化后不排水强度越大。 相似文献
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《世界地震工程》2015,(1)
基于动三轴试验系统,以素黄土和粉煤灰改良黄土为研究对象,研究了动荷载作用下素黄土和不同掺合比粉煤灰改良黄土的动应力-应变关系,同时对其模型参数、初始动弹性模量和阻尼比进行了对比研究。研究结果表明:(1)素黄土和不同掺合比粉煤灰改良黄土的动应力-应变骨干曲线服从双曲线模型,但模型参数随粉煤灰掺入量的不同而不同。通过研究数据的拟合,初步建立了粉煤灰改良黄土的动应力-应变关系模型参数a、b与粉煤灰掺入量m之间的定量关系。(2)粉煤灰掺入量对粉煤灰改良黄土的初始动弹性模量和阻尼比影响明显,表现出初始动弹性模量随粉煤灰掺入量的增大而增加以及阻尼比明显减小的特性。(3)从土动力学角度出发,定量地给出了最佳灰-土掺合比。 相似文献
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通过对宁波饱和软黏土开展应力控制循环三轴试验,研究了不同温度、动应力、初始偏应力、围压作用对累积塑性应变的影响。在试验的基础上,引入综合影响参数对试验数据进行归一化,建立饱和软黏土累积塑性应变的双曲线模型,并基于动态平衡的假设,建立了长期动荷载作用下饱和软黏土达到平衡状态后的归一化累积塑性应变预测模型及考虑温度影响的考虑温度影响的归一化累积塑性应变预测模型,模型预测值与试验结果吻合性较好,可以为轨道交通设计和施工提供参考。 相似文献
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The dynamic characteristics of compacted loess are of great significance to the seismic construction of the Loess Plateau area in Northwest China, where earthquakes frequently occur. To study the change in the dynamic modulus of the foundation soil under the combined action of vertical and horizontal earthquakes, a hollow cylindrical torsion shear instrument capable of vibrating in four directions was used to perform two-way coupling of compression and torsion of Xi'an compacted loess under different dry density and deviator stress ratios. The results show that increasing the dry density can improve the initial dynamic compression modulus and initial dynamic shear modulus of compacted loess. With an increase in the deviator stress ratio, the initial dynamic compression modulus increases, to a certain extent, but the initial dynamic shear modulus decreases slightly. The dynamic modulus gradually decreases with the development of dynamic strain and tends to be stable, and the dynamic modulus that reaches the same strain increases with an increasing dry density. At the initial stage of dynamic loading, the attenuation of the dynamic shear modulus with the strain development is faster than that of the dynamic compression modulus. Compared with previous research results, it is determined that the dynamic modulus of loess under bidirectional dynamic loading is lower and the attenuation rate is faster than that under single-direction dynamic loading. The deviator stress ratio has a more obvious effect on the dynamic compression modulus. The increase in the deviator stress ratio can increase the dynamic compression modulus, to a certain extent. However, the deviator stress ratio has almost no effect on the dynamic shear modulus, and can therefore be ignored. 相似文献
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Frozen soil plays an important role on the stability of railway and highway subgrade in cold regions. However, the dynamic properties of frozen soil subjected to the freeze–thaw cycles have rarely been investigated. In this study, cryogenic cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on frozen compacted sand from Nehe, Heilongjiang Province in China which was subjected to the closed-system freeze–thaw cycles. A modified Hardin hyperbolic model was suggested to describe the backbone curves. Then, dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio versus cyclic shear strain were analyzed under the different freeze–thaw cycles, temperatures, initial water contents, loading frequencies and confining pressures. The results indicate that the freeze–thaw process plays a significant effect on the dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio, which slightly change after one freeze–thaw cycle. Dynamic shear modulus increases with increasing initial water content, temperature, loading frequency and confining pressure. Damping ratio increases with increasing initial water content, while decreases with increasing temperature and loading frequency. The effect of confining pressure on the damping ratio was found not significant. Furthermore, the empirical expressions were formulated to estimate dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of the frozen compacted sand. The results provide guidelines for evaluating the infrastructures in cold regions. 相似文献
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利用GCTS共振柱测试仪研究了干密度和固结压力对固原黄土重塑土动剪切模量和阻尼比的影响及试验数据误差的基本规律。通过设计不同工况的试验条件,对比分析结果表明:相同含水率条件下,最大动剪切模量G_(dmax)随固结压力和干密度的增大而增大。相同干密度条件下,黄土的动剪切模量比随围压的增大而增大;阻尼比随围压的增大而减小;相同围压条件下,黄土动剪切模量比随干密度的增大而增大,阻尼比随干密度的增大而减小;不同剪应变特征点的动剪切模量比和阻尼比试验数据呈现一定的离散性,且离散程度阻尼比明显高于动剪切模量比。研究成果可为该地区场地地震反应分析及工程建设提供基础资料。 相似文献
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Experimental investigations and modeling of nonlinear elasticity of fiber-reinforced soil under cyclic loading at small strain are conducted in this paper. The investigations include three aspects. First, cyclic shear tests are conducted using conventional triaxial apparatus. Twenty-seven specimens with three different fiber contents are employed to conduct triaxial cyclic shear tests under different confining pressure and loading repetition. Effects of geofiber, confining pressure and loading repetition on elastic shear modulus of reinforced soil are studied and analyzed. Second, a hyperbolic function is introduced to describe the nonlinear stress–strain skeletal curve under cyclic loading. Nonlinear elastic modulus is expressed as a function of shear strain and two variables A and B that are related to the initial tangential modulus and ultimate cyclic loading stress, respectively. In the present paper, variables A and B both are further assumed to be functions of geofiber content, confining pressure and loading repetition. Finally, eight constitutive coefficients of the nonlinear elastic model are calibrated using stress–strain curves from cyclic triaxial shear tests. The calibration of parameters is conducted using the technique of the linear regression for multiple variables. Impacts and effects of geofiber, confining pressure and loading repetitions on soil nonlinear elastic behavior are discussed. 相似文献
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In order to investigate the dynamic mechanical properties of amphibolite and sericite-quartz schist under confi ning pressure, two rocks are subjected to impact loadings with different strain rates and confi ning pressures by using split Hopkinson pressure bar equipment with a confi ning pressure device. Based on the experimental results, the stress-strain curves are analyzed and the effects of confi ning pressure and strain rates on the dynamic compressive strength, peak strain and failure mode are summarized. The results show that:(1) The characteristics of two rocks in the ascent stage of the stressstrain curve are basically the same, but in the descent stage, the rocks gradually show plastic deformation characteristics as the confi ning pressure increases.(2) The dynamic compressive strength and peak strain of two rocks increase as the strain rate increases and the confi ning pressure effects are obvious.(3) Due to the effect of confi ning pressure, the normal stress on the damage surface of the rock increases correspondingly, the bearing capacity of the crack friction exceeds the material cohesion and the slippage of the fractured rock is controlled, which all lead to the compression and shear failure mode of rock. The theoretical analysis and experimental methods to study the dynamic failure mode and other related characteristics of rock are useful in developing standards for engineering practice. 相似文献