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基于BISQ模型双相各向同性介质中地震波数值模拟 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
基于BISQ机制,推导了双相各向同性介质中弹性波数值模拟方程,并借助交错网格有限差分方法进行了波场模拟。证实了三种波(快纵波、慢纵波、横波SV)的存在和波场特征;在合成地震记录中,观测列三种波的反射,由于各种波相互之间的转换,转换波在地震记录中显示也很清楚,这使得波场变得更为复杂化。 相似文献
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笔者给出了一种能够模拟弹性波在任意各向异性介质中传播的二维三分量高阶有限差分算法.相对于常规交错网格有限差分方法,旋转交错网格有限差分方法在介质具有强差异性时能更精确地模拟地震波的传播,避免常规交错网格中因对弹性系数进行插值而带来的误差.采用高阶旋转交错网格有限差分方法模拟并分析了零偏移距横波分裂现象随裂缝介质方位角和倾角变化的响应特征.结果表明:结合完全匹配层(PML)吸收边界条件的高阶旋转交错网格有限差分方法能获得高精度的地震波场模拟数据,并且在边界具有良好的吸收效果;横波分裂现象主要受裂缝走向与波的极化方向之间的夹角影响,受裂缝倾角影响较小,且快慢横波的能量也跟裂缝走向与波极化方向间的夹角有关.具有倾斜对称轴的横向各向同性(TTI)介质倾角的变化可能会导致记录中波到达时的变化,影响快慢横波的时差.利用横波分裂的能量分布和方位各向异性特征,可以帮助检测裂缝的方位角和倾角.横波在多层TTI介质中传播时会发生多次分裂的现象. 相似文献
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双相介质瑞雷面波有限差分正演模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究双相介质瑞雷面波的形成机制及传播规律,促进瑞雷面波资料处理方法的发展。文章根据弹性波动方程,采用交错网格有限差分算法,对二维各向同性弹性介质做解析解与数值解的对比,在此基础上,将PML吸收边界条件,改进的镜像法应用于双相介质波动方程中,并作了稳定性分析,对双相介质水平层状、起伏分界面等典型模型瑞雷面波及体波在内的全波场进行研究。结果表明:基于弹性介质解析解与数值解的对比,在误差接受范围内,研究双相介质是可行的;把稍作改进的镜像法应用于双相介质中,能够有效地处理瑞雷面波自由边界问题;通过详细分析双相介质瑞雷面波及体波在内的全波场的信息,对以双相介质为基础的地震波勘探有一定的指导作用。 相似文献
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从具有水平对称轴的横向各向同性（HTI）介质中的弹性波动方程出发,在交错网格空间中采用高阶差分算子对弹性波动方程进行差分离散,得到了HTI介质中地震波正演的高阶有限差分格式,研究并实现了PML吸收边界条件。在此基础上实现了HTI介质中弹性波方程的多波正演。数值算例表明,该方法能够精确模拟弹性波在复杂各向异性介质中的传播过程,得到高精度的正演记录。 相似文献
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基于一阶速度-应力波动方程,采用高阶交错网格有限差分数值模拟方法,对弹性及黏弹性TTI介质进行正演数值模拟。模拟时采用完全匹配层吸收边界条件(PML)消除边界反射。同时设计了层状介质模型、断层模型,通过模型的正演计算,得到了不同时刻的地震波波场快照及合成地震记录,分析其波场运动学及动力学特征。模拟结果表明,交错网格有限差分法可以很好地完成对复杂介质的波场模拟,具有较高的精度和可靠性。 相似文献
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从一阶速度—应力弹性波方程出发,基于旋转交错网格,推导了时间二阶精度空间2M阶精度的有限差分离散格式。阐述了递归卷积复频移完全匹配层(CPML)边界条件的原理,建立了一阶速度—应力弹性波高阶差分CPML边界条件的递推公式。开展了CPML边界中关键参数m、κ和α的选取实验,通过分析反射误差分布图,选取了CPML边界条件中最优参数。全局反射误差与波场快照都说明,CPML较PML对隐失波具有更优的吸收性能。基于Matlab平台,编写了基于CPML边界的旋转交错网格弹性波正演模拟程序,应用该程序对各向异性介质及随机介质进行了模拟,得到了弹性波正演剖面记录及波场快照,通过对正演剖面记录及波场快照的分析,可以更清楚地了解弹性波在各向异性介质及随机介质的传播特性,指导非均匀介质中地震勘探资料解释。 相似文献
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地球物理勘探中的含油气储层通常被认为是一种典型的双相介质,这种介质模型能更精确的描述含气性储层的特征,开展双相介质波场传播特性的研究具有十分重要意义。研究以Biot理论为基础,从双相介质中的纵波方程出发,导出求解双相各向同性介质中纵波方程的高阶差分格式,在此基础上实现双相各向同性介质中纵波方程的高阶有限差分法正演模拟,数值模拟结果表明:这种算法能在少量增加计算量的前提下大大提高精度,同时波场模拟结果与理论相吻合,波场快照快慢纵波的波场反映出不同速度、相位相反等特征差异,对将该理论应用于实际有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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随着地震勘探的发展,以单相介质模型为基础的声波逆时偏移和弹性波逆时偏移很难比较精确地描述地下介质和满足复杂的工程要求,尤其是在处理地下含流体多孔介质时,所以需要引入双相介质模型。首先基于Biot理论双相介质一阶速度-应力弹性波方程,利用散度场和旋度场的波场分离理论将固相和流相中的纵横波场解耦分离,并由波场快照图得出固相与流相中的纵波波场与横波波场均完成分离,而快纵波与慢纵波相互耦合均存在于纵波波场中。采用高阶交错网格有限差分方法,结合PML吸收边界条件,推导了具有波场分离的双相介质弹性波正传与反传的偏移延拓算子,结合互相关成像条件,可以得到双相介质弹性波固相与流相中的各分量偏移成像剖面。最后对模型使用该双相介质弹性波波场分离的逆时偏移方法进行偏移成像试算并取得成功,效果较常规双相介质弹性波逆时偏移成像效果有了明显提升。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献
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Michel Westphal Mikhail L. Bazhenov Jean Paul Lauer Diamar M. Pechersky Jean-Claude Sibuet 《Tectonophysics》1986,123(1-4)
We first re-examined the apparent polar wander curves for stable Eurasia and Africa since the Triassic. These curves were then combined together with curves of North and South America according to the kinematics of the Atlantic ocean and a synthetic polar wander curve was given. Then, most of the paleomagnetic results from the Tethys mobile belt, from the Atlantic to the Pamirs, were analysed.Several groups of plates, microplates and blocks can be seen. First, relatively stable regions like Maghreb and Sicily, which have not moved much. Then we have a group formed by Iberia, Sardinia, Italy and, to a lesser extent, Corsica and the Western and Central Alps. For these blocks, movements are anticlockwise rotations chiefly driven by the anticlockwise rotation of Africa, but they are sometimes stronger.To the east, a major change takes place. The north of the Aegean Sea and the Ionian zone are clockwise rotated and these rotations are recent: Oligocene-Miocene for the first part, Pliocene to the present for the second part.A major problem arises in Turkey, Caucasus and Iran. Paleomagnetic results indicate a position far to the south of Eurasia, and, at the same time, geological evidence is in favour of a position close to Eurasia. We discuss these discrepancies. 相似文献