共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
顺－２－丁稀－１,４－二醇的１,４－二羟基被邻二苯甲基保护形成环烯２、然后氧化生成σ－对称十员氧杂环－１,２－二醇３,将３转化为单三甲基硅醚４后,在三氟甲磺酸三甲基硅酯（ＴＭＳＯＴｆ）的催化下,与Ｃ２－对称二亚砜手性辅助试剂１进行缩酮化反应得到光学活性缩酮５,随后的碱催化缩酮开裂反应非对映选择性大于９９％。最后,水解去掉手性辅助试剂,以良好的产率和９５％ｅｅ的光学纯度得到光学活性醇７。 相似文献
2.
海水中二苯并噻吩的光化学氧化动力学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
实验研究天然海水中二苯并噻吩的光化学氧化的动力学。结果发现,二苯并噻吩光化学氧化的速率会受到介质、光敏剂、重金属离子以及辐射强度的影响。其一级反应速率常数为３．９×１０－６～１．８×１０－５ｓ－１。Ｃｕ２＋和Ｈｇ２＋能明显加快二苯并噻吩的光氧化速率。光源离反应容器越近,其降解速率越大。溶解氧的含量越低,二苯并噻吩的光降解速率越慢,这说明溶解氧参与了二苯并噻吩的光氧化过程。由此证实,光化学过程是二苯并噻吩在海水中迁移变化的重要途径。 相似文献
3.
海洋微藻中脂肪酸的气相色谱分析 总被引：19，自引：3，他引：16
本文以正十九碳酸作内标,用ＨＣＩ－ＣＨ３ＯＨ对海洋微藻进行抽提酯化后做毛细管气相色谱分析。方法的重现性各脂肪酸的相对偏差为０．３％－１１．６％,回收率为８５．７％－１０３．３％,仪器稳定性的相对偏差为０．２－３．１％。。 相似文献
4.
研究不同提取方法对中国对虾肌肉提取物中含氮化合物组成和含量的影响。以ＴＣＡ、ＰＣＡ、ＳＳＡ和ＡＬ法沉淀蛋白质后得到对虾肌肉提取物中总氮量分别为８３３、８７８、８４０和７０１ｍｇ·Ｎ／１００ｇ。前三种方法处理的提取物中游离氨基酸总量相近，而结合氨基酸含量相差甚大。ＴＣＡ法和ＡＬ法对肌肉提取物中大分子化合物沉淀效果较好。提取对虾肌肉中的核着酸以ＴＣＡ、ＳＳＡ法较好。氧化三甲胺和甜菜碱含量分别为８０～１００ｍｇ／１００９和３００～３２０ｍｇ／１００ｇ之间，ＴＣＡ、ＰＣＡ、ＳＳＡ三法比较接近，而ＡＬ法明显偏低。提取物中含氮化合物的分布为：游离和结合氨基酸氮占７１～７８％，核苷酸类氮占９～１１％，甜菜碱氮占３～５％，氧化三甲胺占１～２％。 相似文献
5.
研究ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－２５，Ｇ－５０，Ｇ－１００，Ｇ－２００和Ｇ－２００（超细）等型号的葡聚糖凝胶系统，对溶解在１．０％，ＳＤＳ－２Ｍｅ水溶液中的网纹藤壶Ｂａｌａｎｕｓｒｅｔｉｃｕｌａｔｕｓ固态胶蛋白组分的分离制备效果，结果表明，ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－２００和Ｇ－２００（超细）两种葡聚糖凝胶层析柱（直径１．７ｃｍ，长３０ｃｍ）用０．０５ｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１Ｔｒｉｓ－ＨＣｌ－１％ＳＤＳ－２Ｍｅ溶液洗脱时 相似文献
6.
甲壳胺回收食品加工废水中蛋白质研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
甲壳胺［１，２］（又叫壳聚糖），是由甲壳质经一系列化工加工后得到的线型聚阳离子化合物。它是一种从富含蛋白质的各种食品加工废水中回收蛋白质的较理想的絮凝剂。这方面的研究，国外有不少报道。如Ｗ．Ａ．Ｂｏｕｇｈ［８，９］报道了甲壳胺在处理食品加工废水中的作用；桥本正惠［３］报道了脱乙酸在６７～７５％之间且粘度（０·４％）大于０．１５Ｐａ·ｓ的甲壳胺用于废水处理时效果好ＦＫｏｏ－ＨｕｎｓＣｈｕｎｇ［７］等报道了甲壳胺与戊二醛联合作用来完成对废水中悬浮物的絮凝脱水；Ｃ．Ｓｅｎｓｔａｄ［６］报道了甲壳胺在处… 相似文献
7.
8.
珠江口水域溶解氧与营养盐的关系 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据１９８７年２月至１９８８年２月的调年调查资料，对珠江口水体中的溶解氧与营养盐的关系进行统计分析，结果表明：ＰＯ４－Ｐ与ＡＯＵ（表观耗氧量），ＮＯ３－Ｎ与ＡＯＵ，ＡＯＰ（表观产氧量）与Ｃｈｌ．ａ之间显著或高度显著相关，进而估算了ＰＯ４－Ｐ和ＮＯ３－Ｎ的氧化部分，丰水期各占测定值的６３．７％和５３．７％：枯水期各占３１．３％和６９．６％。 相似文献
9.
10.
通过测定乳化鱼油中不饱和脂肪酸含量和化学发光强度,研究了在５０℃乳化鱼油中,低分子甲壳胺（ＬＭＣＨＳ）和低分子羧甲基甲壳胺硫酸酯（ＣＣＳ）对不饱和脂肪酸氧化的保护作用。测定结果,第６ｄ ＣＣＳ对Ｃ２２：５、Ｃ２２：６氧化抑制率达９６．０３％ 、９２．５０％ ,在第２０ｄ ＬＭＣＨＳ对不饱和脂肪酸Ｃ１６：１、Ｃ１８：１氧化抑制率为６１．０６％ 、６０．０９％ ,对Ｃ１８：３、Ｃ２０：５和Ｃ２２：６氧化抑制率分别为５０．３６％ 、４７．５７％ 、４３．７０％ 。研究表明：ＬＭＣＨＳ和ＣＣＳ对不饱脂肪酸都具有很好的保护作用,效果优于维生素Ｅ。 相似文献
11.
The characteristics of Mn(II) removal from sediment porewater and the potential role of manganese-oxidizing bacteria in this process were examined in sediments from a 335-m deep station in the Laurentian Trough of the St. Lawrence estuary. Manganese-oxidizing bacteria were most abundant in the thin layer of oxidized surface sediment, where Mn(II) removal rates were also fastest. The first-order rate constants for Mn(II) removal decreased from 1·2 × 103 day−1 to 6·6 day−1 over the first 30-mm depth. In experimental slurries, sediments removed Mn(II) from reduced zone porewater by a two-step process: a rapid saturation of Mn(II) binding sites was followed by a slower O2-enhanced removal rate which paralleled the apparent rate of Mn(II) oxidation. Sodium azide and mercuric chloride were tested specifically for their usefulness as bacterial poisons in sediment slurry systems. Sodium azide interfered with Mn(II) removal at low concentrations and was not an effective poison. Mercuric chloride inhibited bacterial activity at concentrations far lower than those at which significant interference of Mn(II) removal occurred. The response of sediment slurries treated with mercuric chloride indicated that the initial oxidation of sorbed Mn(II) was not bacterially-mediated under the experimental conditions tested. 相似文献
12.
本文对常山酮(halofuginone)的合成方法进行了研究和改进,以2-甲基-3-羟基吡啶为起始原料,其甲基化产物与乙腈加成后经Rh/Al2O3选择性还原得(3-甲氧基-2-哌啶基)-丙酮,再经溴代、N-保护后与6-氯-7-溴-4(3H)-喹唑啉酮偶联,产物经水解脱保护得目标化合物6-氯-7-溴-3-(3-(3-羟基-2-哌啶基)-丙酮基)-4(3H)-喹唑啉酮氢溴酸盐,通过6步反应制得了常山酮,总收率为11.6%,为常山酮的工业化生产提供了可能。目标产物和各步中间体结构经MS1、H NMR和13CNMR确证。 相似文献
13.
Field measurements of fairweather bottom boundary layer processes and sediment suspension on the Louisiana inner continental shelf 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Field measurements of bottom boundary layer and sediment-transport processes were made on the Louisiana inner continental shelf in spring 1992 at a depth of 15.5 m, and in spring and summer 1993 at a depth of 20.5 m. Two different wave–current boundary layer/sediment-transport models were applied to the measured near-bed flows. In addition, the log-profile method was applied to estimate hydraulic roughness and bed stress. Consistent with the results of others, our measurements show that near-bed flows were very weak under non-storm conditions. Bed stresses were typically too low to resuspend bed sediments. However, the advection of high-turbidity layers or plumes past the instrumentation apparently caused a sustained period of high suspended sediment concentration throughout the log layer in spring 1993. In the absence of wave activity or high suspended sediment concentrations, boundary layer profiles showed the bed to have been hydraulically very smooth with cm. However, wave agitation, combined with increased suspended sediment concentration caused hydraulically rough conditions with cm. 相似文献
14.
野生中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)脂肪酸的组成类似于其他的海洋动物,即雌、雄虾的肝胰脏和肌肉中,棕榈酸(16:0)和n-3族高不饱和脂肪酸(如20:5n-3和22:6n-3)占优势。野生虾体内含有的脂肪酸种类,尤其是高不饱和脂肪酸的种类多于养殖虾。野生虾肝胰脏中主要脂肪酸为16:0(20.0～22.5%),18:0(2.5～2.9%),18:1 n-9(12.3～14.0%),18:2 n-6(2.4～2.6%),20:5 n-3(6.1～6.6%)和22:6 n-3(7.1～7.5%)。肌肉中的主要脂肪酸种类大致与肝胰脏中相同。养殖虾中除了18:2 n-6(6.3～13.0%)高于和16:l(3.6～4.2%)低于野生虾外,其余的基本类似。野生虾比养殖虾有较高水平的n-3族和较低水平的n-6族不饱和脂肪酸,且野生虾n-3/n-6族脂肪酸的比率同样大于养殖虾。 相似文献
15.
K-J. Lehtinen 《Marine environmental research》1984,12(4):273-283
The harpacticoid copepod, Nitocra spinipes Boeck, was used as an experimental animal in a series of tests where the toxicity of different fractions (solid and soluble) of TiO2 industrial waste water was investigated. The tests were performed in brackish water (7). Water temperature was used as a variable in the fractionation of the waste water. Temperature was found to influence the acute toxicity of the waste water. LC50 values for N. spinipes were 0·087 (± 4°C), 0·105 (+ 7°C)) and 0·12% (+ 21°C) of undiluted waste water. At room temperature the animal's fecundity was affected at two intervals, one in dilutions between 0·0003% and 0·001% and the other between 0·03% and 0·3%. An acute toxicity test with the dried solid metal fraction resuspended into clean brackish water had an acute LC50 value of 7·6% of undiluted waste water. The results show that different fractions of the waste water have different harmful biological effects under different temperature conditions. 相似文献
16.
Peter W. L. Vojak Clive Edwards Martin V. Jones 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1985,20(6):661-671
Water samples from the Tamar Estuary oxidized manganese when supplemented with Mn2+ (2 mgl−1). The rates of oxidation were depressed in the presence of various metabolic inhibitors. The effect of Mn2+ and temperature on the rate of manganese oxidation suggested that a biological process was largely responsible for converting Mn2+ to Mn4+. Rates of manganese oxidation were much higher in freshwater (3·32 μgl−1 h−1 in water containing 30 mgl−1 of suspended matter) than in saline water (0·7 μgl−1 h−1 in water of salinity 32‰) containing the same amount of particulate matter. The rate of manganese oxidation was proportional to the particulate load (up to 100 mgl−1 particulates). 相似文献
17.
用水提取的安络小皮伞的多糖．经醇析．真空干燥后，用ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ柱层析，酚一Ｈ２ＳＯ４法检测其多糖分布，紫外吸收法（２８０ｎｎ）检测其蛋白质分布，表明提取物为多糖和糖蛋白的混合物，总糖含量为３０．５％。ｌｏｒｒｙ法和克氏定氮法测定蛋白质含量１５％。采用Ｐ．Ｃ和Ｇ．Ｃ法测定，结果提取物中的多糖由三种中性单糖组成．其摩尔比为：ＧＬＣ：Ｍａｎ，ＦＵＣ＝１．２：３：１．７。用Ｆｅｈｌｉｎｇ试剂法测定，表明混合物中有甘露聚精。Ｆｅｌｌｌｉｎｇ试剂法与甲醇、乙醇分级法相结合，从提取物中分出六个糖蛋白级分：Ｆｐ１、Ｆｐ２、Ｆｓ１、Ｆｓ２、Ｆｓ３和Ｆｓ４，其中Ｆｐ１、Ｆｓ１和Ｆｓ３经ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ柱测定为多糖分子量单一的级分。 相似文献
18.
Wen Yuh Lee 《Marine environmental research》1978,1(1):5-17
Two series of experiments were carried out to assess the long-term effects of the water soluble fractions (WSF) of fuel oils on the marine isopod, Sphaeroma quadridentatum. In one experiment, juvenile isopods (one month old) were exposed to sublethal concentrations (0·1% to 15% WSF) of a fuel oil (Baytown, Exxon) at room temperatures of 24 ± 1–6°C for nine months. These isopods survived to maturity and reproduced. However, growth rate was adversely affected at concentration ≥ 3% WSF and fecundity was depressed at concentrations ≥ 1% WSF. Survival of offspring in clean seawater was dependent to a large extent on the history of the previous generation. Offspring from groups exposed to ≥ 1% WSF experienced high mortality (> 70% within five weeks) even in clean seawater. This may imply that a population of Sphaeroma exposed to WSF as low as 0·2 ppm may eventually disappear, although animals can grow to maturity and reproduce at concentrations < 3 ppm.In another experiment, adult Sphaeroma (three months old) were subjected to the WSFs of four fuel oils (Baton Rouge, Baytown, Montana and New Jersey) for one month. Fecundity was depressed at a concentration > 15% WSF, regardless of the kind of fuel oil. On the other hand, the number of young produced bythe surviving females varied with the type of fuel oil for the same level of WSF. This may be attributed to different relative amounts of toxic components present in the WSF. 相似文献
19.
The sediments of the eastern Mediterranean basin contain a series of organic-rich sapropels intercalated with organic-poor nannofossil oozes. Until recently the timing of the onset of sapropel formation was not known accurately because of the low resolution achievable by conventional radiocarbon dating. Compilation of all available 14C-AMS dates show that the base of S-1 (the most recent sapropel) was initiated 8800 years B.P. (14C age corrected by 400 years for reservoir effect) under a 500 m water column and moved progressively into deeper water reaching depths of 3500 m at 8200 years B.P. The linear correlation between the age of S-1 onset and water depth suggests that formation of sapropels moved into deeper water at a rate of 1000 m/200 year. A model is suggested in which export production which sank below the well-mixed surface layers (500 m) was respired consuming dissolved oxygen in the Levantine deep water until a threshold value was reached when sapropels began to be preserved in the sediment. This resulted in a progressively deepening oxygen minimum zone with time until eventually the entire deep water in the basin was oxygen depleted. Assuming that the threshold value for sapropel formation was complete anoxia, it was calculated that primary productivity in the basin during the deposition of S-1 was a factor of 5 greater than that found at present. 相似文献
20.
This study examines the mechanism of oxidation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in a high-temperature combustion (HTC) carbon analyzer. The HTC analyzer, which is commonly used to measure the concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in seawater, is still largely empirical in its operation, and little information is yet available on the chemical and physical mechanisms responsible for oxidation of DOM. To examine the role of water, which has been hypothesized to be a source of reactive oxidants in HTC analyzers, several experiments were conducted using gaseous hexane samples and several wet/dry carrier gases. Because the quantity of O2(g) needed to oxidize an injected sample of DOM is quite small, a substantial effort has been made to exclude O2(g) from the combustion furnace of the HTC instrument. In this modified, “air-tight” instrument, the efficiency of conversion of hexane into CO2 was greatest in dry O2 and slightly lower in moist O2. Hexane was only slightly oxidized in dry N2, but it was largely converted into CO2 when moist N2 was used as the carrier gas. These experiments confirm that water provides reactive oxidizing species (perhaps hydroxyl radical) that rapidly convert hexane into CO2 in the combustion tube of a carbon analyzer. Additional experiments with aqueous solutions of potassium hydrogen phthalate and a variety of carrier gases support this basic hypothesis. 相似文献