共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
《山地科学学报》2020,(2)
Evapotranspiration(ET) is a crucial part of the global hydrological cycle, and quantifying ET components is significant for understanding the global water cycle and energy balance. However, there is no consensus on the value of ET components, especially in topographic abrupt change zone, such as eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Platea, where values of ET changes along the altitudinal gradients. Our aim is to explore the influencing factors in partitioning evapotranspiration and how ET components change with increasing elevations. A novel approach was proposed to estimate ET components by adding net solar radiation(Rn) instead of the vapor pressure deficit(VPD) into the underlying water use efficiency(u WUE) model based on one-year continuous measurements of flux data along the elevation gradient on Mount Gongga. Correlation analysis shows that the u WUE model's performance can be improved significantly by considering Rn instead of VPD, with correlation coefficients increasing by 35%-64%. The ratios of transpiration(T) to ET(T/ET) were 0.47, 0.48, 0.50 and 0.35 for the deciduous broadleaf forest(BF), mixed coniferous and deciduous broadleaf forest(MF), evergreen needle forest(ENF) and shrub land(SL), respectively. Leaf area index(LAI) and air temperature(Ta) were the two main controlling factors in determining T/ET during the growing season and at an annual scale, while Rn and Ta played more important roles during the dormant season. This study highlights the importance of incorporating Rn in partitioning evapotranspiration by using the water use efficiency(WUE) method in a humid mountainous region, which can improve the estimation of T/ET on a global scale. 相似文献
2.
Effects of topographical and edaphic factors on the distribution of plant communities in two subtropical karst forests, southwestern China 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Relationships between topography,soil properties and the distribution of plant communities on two different rocky hillsides are examined in two subtropical karst forests in the Maolan National Natural Reserve,southwestern China.Surveys of two 1-ha permanent plots at each forest,and measurements of four topographic and thirteen edaphic factors on the slopes were performed.Twoway Indicator Species Analysis(TWINSPAN) and Detrended Canonical Correspondence Analysis(DCCA) were used for the classification of plant communities and for vegetation ordination with environmental variables.One hundred 10m×10m quadrats in each plot were classified into four plant community types.A clear altitudinal gradient suggested that elevation was important in community differentiation.The topography and soil explained 51.06% and 54.69% of the variability of the distribution of plant species in the two forest plots,respectively,indicating both topographic factors(eg.elevation,slope and rock-bareness rate) and edaphic factors(e.g.total P,K and exchangeable Ca) were the important drivers of the distribution of woody plant species in subtropical karst forest.However,our results suggested that topographical factors were more important than edaphic ones in affecting local plant distribution on steep slopes with extensive rock outcrops,while edaphic factors were more influential on gentle slope and relatively thick soil over rock in subtropical karst forest.Understanding relationships between vegetation and environmental factors in karst forest ecosystems would enable us to apply these findings in vegetation management strategies and restoration of forest communities. 相似文献
3.
植物生长季的变化反映了全球气候变化对生态环境的影响。本研究以2000-2006年间MODIS-NDVI影像数据集,使用TIMESAT软件从归一化植被指数（NDVI）时间序列中,分别提取福建省不同森林植被的生长季开始日期（Start of Season,SOS）、生长季结束日期（End of Season,EOS）和生长季长度（Length of season,LOS）等物候参数,并与全省尺度的气温与降水量进行相关分析。结果表明：不同森林类型NDVI与当月月均气温之间具有较显著的相关性（R2为0.72-0.79,p<0.01）,同期温度变化对植被生长的影响相对于降水量更重要;而植被生长对降水量的响应存在大约2个月的时滞效应（R2为0.54-0.75,p<0.01）,说明前期的降水累积对于后续植被生长有较显著影响。福建省森林植被生长季持续时间约213~223 d,开始于每年4月初到4月中旬（第98~103 d）,结束于11月中旬前后（第316~321 d）。其中,南亚热带森林生长季长于中亚热带森林,相同气候条件下的阔叶林生长季时间略长于针叶林。另外,春季（2-4月）气温变化是导致福建省内2个气候带森林生长季开始时间、生长季结束时间及生长季长度变化的关键因素,而伴随春季温度升高,植被生长季开始时间提前（R2为0.83,p<0.01）,同时生长季长度延长（R2为0.80,p<0.01）。7 a间,生长季持续时间呈现微弱延长趋势,总体延长幅度为2.4~3.1 d。 相似文献
4.
Nitrogen deposition and its spatial pattern in main forest ecosystems along north-south transect of eastern China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Xiaoyun Zhan Guirui Yu Nianpeng He Huajun Fang Bingrui Jia Mei Zhou Chuankuan Wang Junhui Zhang Guangdong Zhao Silong Wang Yunfen Liu Junhua Yan 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2014,24(2):137-146
A continuous three-year observation(from May 2008 to April 2011)was conducted to characterize the spatial variation of dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN)deposition at eight main forest ecosystems along the north-south transect of eastern China(NSTEC).The results show that both throughfall DIN deposition and bulk DIN deposition increase from north to south along the NSTEC.Throughfall DIN deposition varies greatly from 2.7 kg N/(ha·yr)to 33.0 kg N/(ha·yr),with an average of 10.6 kg N/(ha·yr),and bulk DIN deposition ranges from 4.1 kg N/(ha·yr)to 25.4 kg N/(ha·yr),with an average of 9.8 kg N/(ha·yr).NH4+-N is the dominant form of DIN deposition at most sampling sites.Additionally,the spatial variation of DIN deposition is controlled mainly by precipitation.Moreover,in the northern part of the NSTEC,bulk DIN deposition is 17%higher than throughfall DIN deposition,whereas the trend is opposite in the southern part of the NSTEC.The results demonstrate that DIN deposition would likely threaten the forest ecosystems along the NSTEC,compared with the critical loads(CL)of N deposition,and DIN deposition in this region is mostly controlled by agricultural activities rather than industrial activities or transportation. 相似文献
5.
Seasonal prediction of East Asia(EA) summer rainfall, especially with a longer-lead time, is in great demand, but still very challenging. The present study aims to make long-lead prediction of EA subtropical frontal rainfall(SFR) during early summer(May-June mean, MJ) by considering Arctic sea ice(ASI) variability as a new potential predictor. A MJ SFR index(SFRI), the leading principle component of the empirical orthogonal function(EOF) analysis applied to the MJ precipitation anomaly over EA, is defined as the predictand. Analysis of 38-year observations(1979-2016) revealed three physically consequential predictors. A stronger SFRI is preceded by dipolar ASI anomaly in the previous autumn, a sea level pressure(SLP) dipole in the Eurasian continent, and a sea surface temperature anomaly tripole pattern in the tropical Pacific in the previous winter. These precursors foreshadow an enhanced Okhotsk High, lower local SLP over EA, and a strengthened western Pacific subtropical high. These factors are controlling circulation features for a positive SFRI. A physical-empirical model was established to predict SFRI by combining the three predictors. Hindcasting was performed for the 1979-2016 period, which showed a hindcast prediction skill that was, unexpectedly, substantially higher than that of a four-dynamical models’ ensemble prediction for the 1979-2010 period(0.72 versus 0.47). Note that ASI variation is a new predictor compared with signals originating from the tropics to mid-latitudes. The long-lead hindcast skill was notably lower without the ASI signals included, implying the high practical value of ASI variation in terms of long-lead seasonal prediction of MJ EA rainfall. 相似文献
6.
To improve flood control efficiency and increase urban resilience to flooding, the impacts of forest type change on flood control in the upper reach of the Tingjiang River (URTR) were evaluated by a modified model based on the Soil Conservation Service curve number (SCS-CN) method. Parameters of the model were selected and determined according to the comprehensive analysis of model evaluation indexes. The first simulation of forest reconstruction scenario, namely a coniferous forest covering 59.35 km2 is replaced by a broad-leaved forest showed no significant impact on the flood reduction in the URTR. The second simulation was added with 61.75 km2 bamboo forest replaced by broad-leaved forest, the reduction of flood peak discharge and flood volume could be improved significantly. Specifically, flood peak discharge of 10-year return period event was reduced to 7-year event, and the reduction rate of small flood was 21%-28%. Moreover, the flood volume was reduced by 9%-14% and 18%-35% for moderate floods and small floods, respectively. The results suggest that the bamboo forest reconstruction is an effective control solution for small to moderate flood in the URTR, the effect of forest conversion on flood volume is increasingly reduced as the rainfall amount increases to more extreme magnitude. Using a hydrological model with scenarios analysis is an effective simulation approach in investigating the relationship between forest type change and flood control. This method would provide reliable support for flood control and disaster mitigation in mountainous cities. 相似文献
7.
京津冀地区植被时空动态及定量归因 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
作为气候变化的敏感指示器,植被的物候、生长、空间分布格局等特征及其动态变化主要取决于气候环境中的水热条件,因此在气候变化背景下,气候-植被关系成为了全球变化研究的前沿和热点问题。本文综合平均温度、降水、水汽压、湿度、日照时数、SPEI等气候因子,坡度、坡向海拔等地形因子及人为活动因子,应用地理探测器方法针对2006-2015年京津冀地区不同季节NDVI、不同地貌类型区、不同植被类型区生长季NDVI的定量归因研究,揭示了过去10年间植被时空分布格局,及植被对气候、非气候因素响应的季节差异与区域差异,以期为生态工程的建设与修复提供参考意义。趋势分析表明：①2006-2015年京津冀地区NDVI呈现增加趋势,但存在显著的空间差异,如山地生长季NDVI的增长速率大于平原、台地、丘陵等地;②基于地理探测器的定量归因结果表明,降水是年尺度上NDVI空间分布的主导因子（解释力39.4%）,土地利用与降水的交互作用对NDVI的影响最为明显（q=58.2%）;③NDVI对气候因子的响应存在季节性及区域性差异,水汽压是春季NDVI空间分布的主导因子,湿度是夏、秋两季的主导因子,土地利用是冬季的主导因子;④影响因子对生长季NDVI的解释力因不同地貌类型区、不同植被类型区而差异显著。 相似文献
8.
针对传统降雨预测理论错报率高及算法拟合精度低等缺陷,将与降雨过程相关的多种气象参数(温度、相对湿度、露点温度、气压等)及时间参数(年积日和天积时)引入短临降雨预测模型的构建.将新加坡2个GNSS和气象并址的测站(NTUS、SNUS)2010?2012年的气象数据及降雨数据作为样本,研究气象参数与降雨数据的时变特征,结果... 相似文献
9.
Fang-fang Huang Wei-qiang Zhang Xian-hua Gan Yu-hui Huang Yue-dong Guo Xiao-ying Wen 《山地科学学报》2018,15(1):46-58
Secondary forests account for a large amount of subtropical forest due to persistent anthropogenic disturbance in China. The interaction between vegetation and soil during recovery process is rather complex and dependent on forest conditions. Understanding how vegetation and soil properties changes and how their relationship develops in secondary forests is key to effective forest restoration and management. Here we explored the patterns of vegetation and soil properties as well as their correlations during forest recovery process in a subtropical forest in south China. Plots of three forest types, i.e., broadleaf-conifer mixed forest, broadleaved forest and old growth stand, were established to represent the recovery stages. The results showed that diversity patterns in the tree, shrub and herb layers were different: in the tree layer the species diversity peaked at the intermediate stage, while in the understory layers it decreased chronologically. Most of the soil factors showed an increasing trend, and different effects of soil factors were found for the three layers as well as for the two spatial scales. Together, our results suggested that vegetation and soil might be interdependent during the recovery course. Further studies are needed on exploring how vegetation interplays with soil at different scales and how nutrient limitations affects the vegetation development in a chronosequence. 相似文献
10.
Tropical cyclone (TC) genesis in the South China Sea (SCS) during 1979-2008 underwent a decadal variation around 1993. A total of 55 TCs formed in the SCS from May to September during 1994- 2008, about twice that during 1979-1993 (27). During the TC peak season (July-September, JAS), there were 43TCs from 1994-2008, but only 17 during 1979-1993. For July in particular, 13TCs formed from 1994-2008, but there were none during 1979-1993. The change in TC number is associated with changes of key environmental conditions in atmosphere and ocean. Compared to 1979-1993, the subtropical high was significantly weaker and was displaced more eastward during 1994-2008. In the former period, a stronger subtropical high induced downward flow, inhibiting TC formation. In the latter period, vertical wind shear and outgoing longwave radiation all weakened. Mid-level (850-500hPa) humidity, and relative vorticity were higher. Sea surface temperature and upper layer heat content were also higher in the area. All these factors favor TC genesis during the latter period. The decadal change of TC genesis led to more landfalling TCs in Southern China during the period 1994-2008, which contributed to an abrupt increase in regional rainfall. 相似文献
11.
东亚季风和中国梅雨暴雨研究的评述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李峰 《成都信息工程学院学报》2000,15(1):72-77
1998年夏季长江继54年以后再次发生全流域性洪水,江淮流域暴雨持续发生,暴雨的发生发展维持机理的研究再次引起全国气象工作者的关注和重视。本文主要介绍了中国气象学者在梅雨暴雨方面做过的一些工作,主要包括梅雨的早期研究,东亚季风的进展,持续性暴雨的研究等方面,指出东亚季风与中国梅雨期持续性暴雨之间存在必然联系,从东亚季风异常着手,一定可以在梅雨暴雨的研究上取得进展,并为暴雨的短期预报提供依据 相似文献
12.
Land cover is recognized as one of the fundamental terrestrial datasets required in land system change and other ecosystem related researches across the globe. The regional differentiation and spatial-temporal variation of land cover has significant impact on regional natural environment and socio-economic sustainable development. Under this context, we reconstructed the history land cover data in Siberia to provide a comparable datasets to the land cover datasets in China and abroad. In this paper, the European Space Agency(ESA) Global Land Cover Map(GlobCover), Landsat Thematic Mapper(TM), Enhanced Thematic Mapper(ETM), Multispectral Scanner(MSS) images, Google Earth images and other additional data were used to produce the land cover datasets in 1975 and 2010 in Siberia. Data evaluation show that the total user′s accuracy of land cover data in 2010 was 86.96%, which was higher than ESA GlobCover data in Siberia. The analysis on the land cover changes found that there were no big land cover changes in Siberia from 1975 to 2010 with only a few conversions between different natural forest types. The mainly changes are the conversion from deciduous needleleaf forest to deciduous broadleaf forest, deciduous needleleaf forest to mixed forest, savannas to deciduous needleleaf forest etc., indicating that the dominant driving factor of land cover changes in Siberia was natural element rather than human activities at some extent, which was very different from China. However, our purpose was not just to produce the land cover datasets at two time period or explore the driving factors of land cover changes in Siberia, we also paid attention on the significance and application of the datasets in various fields such as global climate change, geopolitics, cross-border cooperation and so on. 相似文献
13.
High PM2.5 concentrations and frequent air pollution episodes during late autumn and winter in Jilin Province have attracted attention in recent years. To describe the spatial and temporal variations of PM2.5 concentrations and identify the decisive influencing factors, a large amount of continuous daily PM2.5 concentration data collected from 33 monitoring stations over 2-year period from 2015 to 2016 were analyzed. Meanwhile, the relationships were investigated between PM2.5 concentrations and the land cover, socioeconomic and meteorological factors from the macroscopic perspective using multiple linear regressions (MLR) approach. PM2.5 concentrations across Jilin Province averaged 49 μg/m3, nearly 1.5 times of the Chinese annual average standard, and exhibited seasonal patterns with generally higher levels during late autumn and over the long winter than the other seasons. Jilin Province could be divided into three kinds of sub-regions according to 2-year average PM2.5 concentration of each city. Most of the spatial variation in PM2.5 levels could be explained by forest land area, cultivated land area, urban greening rate, coal consumption and soot emissions of cement manufacturing. In addition, daily PM2.5 concentrations had negative correlation with daily precipitation and positive correlation with air pressure for each city, and the spread and dilution effect of wind speed on PM2.5 was more obvious at mountainous area in Jilin Province. These results indicated that coal consumption, cement manufacturing and straw burning were the most important emission sources for the high PM2.5 levels, while afforestation and urban greening could mitigate particulate air pollution. Meanwhile, the individual meteorological factors such as precipitation, air pressure, wind speed and temperature could influence local PM2.5 concentration indirectly. 相似文献
14.
【Title】
There are knowledge gaps in our understanding of vegetation responses to multi-scale climate-related variables in tropical/subtropical mountainous islands in the Asia-Pacific region. Therefore, this study investigated inter-annual vegetation dynamics and regular/irregular climate patterns in Taiwan. We applied principal component analysis （PCA） on 11 years （2001~2011） of high-dimensional monthly photosynthetically active vegetation cover （PV） derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS） and investigated the relationships between spatiotemporal patterns of the eigenvectors and loadings of each component through time and multi-scale climate-related variations. Results showed that the first five components contributed to 96.4% of the total variance. The first component （PC1, explaining 94.5% of variance） loadings, as expected, were significantly correlated with the temporal dynamics of the PV （r = 0.94）, which was mainly governed by regional climate. The temporal loadings of PC2 and PC3 （0.8% and 0.6% of variance, respectively） were significantly correlated with the temporal dynamics of the PV of forests （r = 0.72） and the farmlands （r = 0.80）, respectively. The low-order components （PC4 and PC5, 0.3% and 0.2% of variance, respectively） were closely related to the occurrence of drought （r = 0.49） and to irregular ENSO associated climate anomalies （r = -0.54）, respectively. Pronounced correlations were also observed between PC5 and the Southern Oscillation Index （SOI） with one to three months of time lags （r = -0.35 ~ -0.43, respectively）, revealing biophysical memory effects on the time-series pattern of the vegetation through ENSO-related rainfall patterns. Our findings reveal that the sensitivity of the ecosystems in this tropical/subtropical mountainous island may not only be regulated by regional climate and human activities but also be susceptible to large-scale climate anomalies which are crucial and comparable to previous large scale analyses. This study demonstrates that PCA can be an effective tool for analyzing seasonal and inter-annual variability of vegetation dynamics across this tropical/subtropical mountainous islandin the Pacific Ocean, which provides an opportunity to forecast the responses and feedbacks of terrestrial environments to future climate scenarios. 相似文献
There are knowledge gaps in our understanding of vegetation responses to multi-scale climate-related variables in tropical/subtropical mountainous islands in the Asia-Pacific region. Therefore, this study investigated inter-annual vegetation dynamics and regular/irregular climate patterns in Taiwan. We applied principal component analysis （PCA） on 11 years （2001~2011） of high-dimensional monthly photosynthetically active vegetation cover （PV） derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS） and investigated the relationships between spatiotemporal patterns of the eigenvectors and loadings of each component through time and multi-scale climate-related variations. Results showed that the first five components contributed to 96.4% of the total variance. The first component （PC1, explaining 94.5% of variance） loadings, as expected, were significantly correlated with the temporal dynamics of the PV （r = 0.94）, which was mainly governed by regional climate. The temporal loadings of PC2 and PC3 （0.8% and 0.6% of variance, respectively） were significantly correlated with the temporal dynamics of the PV of forests （r = 0.72） and the farmlands （r = 0.80）, respectively. The low-order components （PC4 and PC5, 0.3% and 0.2% of variance, respectively） were closely related to the occurrence of drought （r = 0.49） and to irregular ENSO associated climate anomalies （r = -0.54）, respectively. Pronounced correlations were also observed between PC5 and the Southern Oscillation Index （SOI） with one to three months of time lags （r = -0.35 ~ -0.43, respectively）, revealing biophysical memory effects on the time-series pattern of the vegetation through ENSO-related rainfall patterns. Our findings reveal that the sensitivity of the ecosystems in this tropical/subtropical mountainous island may not only be regulated by regional climate and human activities but also be susceptible to large-scale climate anomalies which are crucial and comparable to previous large scale analyses. This study demonstrates that PCA can be an effective tool for analyzing seasonal and inter-annual variability of vegetation dynamics across this tropical/subtropical mountainous islandin the Pacific Ocean, which provides an opportunity to forecast the responses and feedbacks of terrestrial environments to future climate scenarios. 相似文献
15.
在全球气候变化背景下,植被动态变化以及植被对气候变化的响应方式已经成为生态学和地理学领域的热点。本文对比分析了南方亚热带季风区将乐县不同类型森林植被对不同时间尺度的干旱响应的差别。基于2000-2017年MODIS-EVI数据及气象站点数据,用最大值合成法、趋势分析法以及相关分析法,分析了森林植被及气象因子的动态变化特征,并对比不同森林植被对气候变化响应的差别。研究表明：① 2000-2017年,研究区植被覆盖度、EVI和降水均显著增加,区域内湿度增加,森林长势渐趋良好;② EVI在生长季初期和末期与同期的降水、温度均显著正相关（P<0.1）,初期森林受降水因子的影响更大,末期受温度因子的影响大;③ 1-3月和周年的气候变化对森林的生长至关重要,长时间尺度的湿度增加对森林生长具有显著的促进作用,SPEI的时间尺度越长与EVI的相关性也越大;④ 针阔混交林与同期温度、降水的相关系数最高,并且与不同时间尺度的SPEI相关性均比较高,属于气候敏感型林型,在生产经营中要谨慎预防气候变化对该林型带来的伤害;⑤ 森林覆盖度变化与降水和SPEI_24的相关性极显著,长时间尺度的降水变化是影响森林植被覆盖率变化的重要因素之一。 相似文献
16.
随着气候变暖加剧,全球极端天气事件频发,重大气象灾害的发生频率与日俱增。研究气候变化与气象灾害发生频率的关系,对于气候变化背景下的防灾减灾具有重要意义。文献资料及泛在网络数据中蕴含了海量的气象灾害时空事件,为此,本文基于自然语言处理技术研发了文本气象灾害时空事件自动抽取方法。① 提出了基于专业文献的由粗到精的气象灾害标注语料训练库构建方法。首先针对不同文献资料存在的歧义和不兼容等问题,构建了面向文本事件统一的气象灾害知识体系。然后构建了基于章节结构的粗标注方法,分别针对长文本（现代文）和短文本（文言文）研发了基于Labeled LDA模型及基于TF-IDF和N-gram模型的精细标注语料筛选方法,解决了语料库的快速构建问题;② 基于BERT-CNN模型研发了融合上下文语义特征和多粒度的局部语义特征的、面向长短文本一体化处理的气象灾害时空事件自动分类方法;③ 利用该方法分别从文言文和泛在网络数据中自动抽取了灾害时空事件,其宏F1值分别达到89.09%和80.06%,主要气象灾害时空事件分布与专业统计数据相关性较高;④ 基于以上结果,重建了我国各历史时期灾害时空演变过程,发现各时期灾害数据量整体呈现出逐步上升趋势,暴雨灾害、洪涝灾害与干旱灾害是影响我国的主要灾种。本方法既可实现网络长文本事件的自动发现,也可实现文言文短文本事件的自动检测,为文本数据便捷应用于气象灾害研究和监测提供了新的技术方法。 相似文献
17.
川西高原植被特征及其气候变化的相关分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用常规气象资料及NOAA-AVHRR的归一化植被指数（NDVI）资料和趋势系数、皮尔逊相关、Morlet小波分析等统计诊断方法,分析了1982年1月-2002年12月川西高原植被和气候因子（气温和降水）的变化特征及其相关关系和周期特征。结果表明：川西高原地区植被覆盖良好,大部分区域植被覆盖增加,局部退化（高原南部和东部）;气温总体呈增加趋势,降水量总体少变,局部有所减少;NDVI与气温和降水有一定相关性,其中与气温的相关性比与降水相关性大;NDVI周期约为5和10年左右,与降水和气温周期相同。川西高原地区植被及气候特征的分析为川西高原旅游和经济的发展规划提供依据,为研究川西高原的生态、气候资源提供参考。 相似文献
18.
Influence of the Convection over the South China Sea on the Summer Precipitation of Shandong Province 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
1 Introduction ShandongProvince ,whichislocatedintheeastofChina ,consistspartlyofpeninsulaandpartlyofinlandwithatotalareaofabout 1 5 0 0 0 0km2 .Lyingfrom34°2 0′Nto 38°2 0′Nandfrom 1 1 4°4 0′Eto 1 2 2°4 0′E ,alltheareabelongstothemoderateregionandtothetypicalAsianmonsoonclimate .SoShandong’ssum merprecipitationaccountsforover 6 0 %oftheannualrainfall,andaccordinglyflood droughtdisastersmain lyoccurinsummer.Moreover,becauseitisgeographi callylocatedinthetransitionalareabetweenthe… 相似文献
19.
降水是区域水资源形成的主要影响因素,其时空变化趋势也直接影响着各种生态系统的结构、服务功能及空间分布与演变。降水时空变异分析是认识区域水资源形成与时空演变的主要手段和方法。本文利用滇池流域及周边雨量站逐月数据,采用回归分析、距平、空间相关性分析、Mann-Kendall检验、Co-kriging插值及交叉验证等方法,对1953-1987年和2007-2012年2个时序系列的时空变异特征分析结果表明：（1）1953-1987年春、秋和冬季降水量有升高趋势,夏季呈减少趋势,但各季节的增减趋势不显著,2007-2012年春、夏、冬季呈减少趋势,秋季为增加趋势,近期降水量明显有减少趋势;（2）1953-1987年流域降水量呈现增加趋势（11.12 mm/10a）,大致经历下降-上升-下降过程,2007-2012年流域降水量呈显著的锯齿状减少趋势,处于枯水期;（3）1953-1987年各时段的雨量主要呈现负相关性（不显著）,2007-2012年间呈现正相关性,通过LISA统计分析认为,空间异质性随地理位置和时间而变化;（4）年均降水量与雨季降水量的空间分布特征基本相似,出现2个降水高值区和2个低值区对顶分布态势。但在2007-2012年,降水量的高值范围有所减少,低值区范围相应有所扩大。 相似文献
20.
利用常规实测资料、NCEP刷CAR再分析资料、T213分析资料,对绵阳地区2008年9月22—27日出现的持续性暴雨过程进行环流形势及物理量场分析,结果表明：此次降水过程可分为两个明显的降水时段,其区域不同、强度不一;副高、冷空气、两条水汽通道以及台风是此次过程的主要影响系统;第一降水时段的各物理量水平皆大于第二时段,不稳定能量、水汽和气流的辐合、辐散区分布及上升下沉气流的位置和强度对暴雨的强度和落区预报有较好的指示意义。 相似文献