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《地震地磁观测与研究》2016,(3)
2014年8月3日鲁甸MS 6.5地震前,昆明地震台形变观测4个分量出现短临异常,排除降雨干扰,结合发震断裂性质及相关研究,分析定点形变异常与该地震前地壳活动的内在联系。分析认为,鲁甸6.5级地震前1—2个月,昆明地震台定点形变观测资料异常较为显著,洞体应变NS分量异常突出,是定点形变投入观测以来的显著异常;形变观测资料异常特征与鲁甸地震发震断裂性质吻合较好;NS分量和EW向分量较好记录了此次鲁甸地震NNW—SSE向包谷垴—小河左旋走滑断裂和NEE—SWW向破裂断层的震前活动过程。 相似文献
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为了研究鲁甸M_S 6.5地震的余震空间分布特征和探讨震区深部发震构造,本文利用四川、云南省固定地震台网观测资料和震后流动监测资料,采用双差定位方法对2014年8月3日至11日期间发生的鲁甸M_S 6.5主震及506个M_l≥1.5余震序列进行重新定位,获得了359个事件的重定位结果.研究结果显示:鲁甸主震的震源深度为13.8 km,与震源破裂过程显示的初始破裂深度较为接近,余震序列分布纵剖面还显示出余震主要分布在主震上方,且余震序列呈现出近EW向和NW向的不对称共轭状分布,优势分布方向为NW向的地震序列延展范围约20 km左右,并与昭通—鲁甸断裂相交,近EW向地震序列的延展长度约16 km左右.其中,在垂直NW向密集条带的震源深度剖面上,余震序列呈近于直立的条带状聚集,且余震序列震源深度分布的优势区间为3~15 km,较浅的震源深度说明了地震事件大多发生在脆性上地壳内部.地震重定位结果还表明了发震断层呈现高倾角分布的特征,结合震源机制解和地面地震地质调查及科考成果,综合表明和论证了此次鲁甸MS6.5地震的发震断层与NW向的包谷垴—小河断裂密切相关. 相似文献
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大凉山次级块体内强震发生的构造特征与2014年鲁甸6.5级地震对周边断层的影响 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
2014年8月3日,在云南鲁甸发生MS6.5地震.该地震位于巴颜喀拉块体、川滇块体与华南块体三者之间的以挤压和左旋走滑为主要活动特征的大凉山次级块体内部.该次级块体吸收了来自川滇块体和巴颜喀拉块体的挤压作用,主要以各边界断裂带的挤压作用和内部大凉山断裂带、峨边断裂带等NNW向的左旋走滑次级断裂为主要特征;在历史上大凉山次级块体边界上以7级以上强震活动为主要特征,而在次级块体内部则以5级地震频繁活动为主.2014年鲁甸MS6.5地震发生在逆冲走滑断裂带内部的NNW向左旋走滑断裂上,该地震主要受到了发生在小江断裂带上的1733年M73/4和则木河断裂带上的1850年M71/2强震的影响,这两次地震对2014年鲁甸MS6.5地震有促进作用,而2014年鲁甸6.5级地震促进了2014年10月1日越西5.0级地震的发生,此外鲁甸地震对大凉山断裂带北段、峨边断裂带、昭通-鲁甸断裂带东段以及则木河断裂带南段有一定的库仑应力增强作用. 相似文献
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2013 年4 月20 日芦山MS7.0地震是继2008年汶川MS8.0地震后发生在龙门山断裂带的又一强震,与汶川地震相似,该震临震前在近震源区未观测到显著的异常变化。为研究其临震前形变特征,本文根据信息熵理论对芦山MS7.0地震前近震源区的连续形变观测资料进行了年变熵率值分析,并研究其时序上的分布特征。结果表明,震前近震源区台站地倾斜形变熵均表现出减熵现象,时序的年尺度熵结果表明,汶川MS8.0地震对芦山MS7.0地震具有一定的触发作用,且震中区的EW 向和NS 向分量具有高度一致的熵变趋势。 相似文献
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《地震研究》2017,(4)
以2016年5月18日云南云龙MS5.0地震为例,选取距震中较近的3个台站和较远的5个台站记录的2016年1—9月的气枪震源信号,使用互相关检测技术得到地震前后这8个台站各自稳定震相走时变化特征。结果表明:云龙地震前,各台均存在不同程度的走时异常变化。离震中较近的3台站中,震中西侧和东侧台站走时变化有一定差别,但都在地震前的3、4月变化较大;而离地震较远的5个台站则变化趋势特征一致,幅度略有差别;离地震较近台站走时变化幅度明显大于离地震较远台站;地震前小于0.7 m的水位变化并未对各台走时变化产生实质性影响。同时对比了云龙台FSQ水管倾斜的形变观测数据,监测到同一时段地下应力发生变化。 相似文献
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2014年8月3日云南省鲁甸发生MS6.5地震后,10月7日云南省内再次发生景谷MS6.6地震。对我国数字强震台网捕获的39组主震记录进行处理后,分析幅值参数、Arias强度以及持时参数的衰减特征,发现两次地震触发台站远场记录的地震动参数均显著低于预测方程,鲁甸地震的近场地震动参数略高于景谷地震;而鲁甸地震地震动参数衰减快于景谷地震,这可能与云南东部地区Q值低于西部地区的区域差异性特征相关。分析结果可以为研究该区域6.5级左右地震动衰减特征提供参考。 相似文献
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本文在西昌、姑咱等台地倾斜1988年趋势性异常的基础上,首先深入讨论了1989年4月16日巴塘6.7级地震前地倾斜的短临异常特征:固体潮观测曲线畸变、曲线转折甚至打破年变、矢量打结、日变加速、r 值变化等。其次运用姑咱台石英伸缩仪震前应变固体潮突跳,比较好地预报了主震以后几次6级以上地震。最后运用契氏拟合方法处理了姑咱、康定、汶川、西昌、渡口、重庆等6个台站1988年6月—1989年5月地倾斜资料,利用残差曲线,找出异常时段;姑咱台长水管仪6—8月 r 值系统偏离2%;结合趋势异常,预示四川及其邻区在巴塘震群型地震后异常依然存在。 相似文献
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Gtz Schroth Luciana Ferreira Da Silva Marc‐Andree Wolf Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira Wolfgang Zech 《水文研究》1999,13(10):1423-1436
The partitioning of rain water into throughfall, stemflow and interception loss when passing through plant canopies depends on properties of the respective plant species, such as leaf area and branch angles. In heterogeneous vegetation, such as tropical forest or polycultural systems, the presence of different plant species may consequently result in a mosaic of situations with respect to quantity and quality of water inputs into the soil. As these processes influence not only the water availability for the plants, but also water infiltration and nutrient leaching, the understanding of plant effects on the repartitioning of rain water may help in the optimization of land use systems and management practices. We measured throughfall and stemflow in a perennial polyculture (multi‐strata agroforestry), monocultures of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for fruit and for palmito, a monoculture of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), spontaneous fallow and primary forest during one year in central Amazonia, Brazil. The effect on rain water partitioning was measured separately for four useful tree species in the polyculture and for two tree species in the primary forest. Throughfall at two stem distances, and stemflow, differed significantly between tree species, resulting in pronounced spatial patterns of water input into the soil in the polyculture system. For two tree species, peach palm for fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa), the water input into the soil near the stem was significantly higher than the open‐area rainfall. This could lead to increased nutrient leaching when fertilizer is applied close to the stem of these trees. In the primary forest, such spatial patterns could also be detected, with significantly higher water input near a palm (Oenocarpus bacaba) than near a dicotyledonous tree species (Eschweilera sp.). Interception losses were 6·4% in the polyculture, 13·9 and 12·3% in the peach palm monocultures for fruit and for palmito, respectively, 0·5% in the cupuaçu monoculture and 3·1% in the fallow. With more than 20% of the open‐area rainfall, the highest stemflow contributions to the water input into the soil were measured in the palm monocultures and in the fallow. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101
Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate. 相似文献