共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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在野外地质调查的基础上,结合室内显微镜观察及电子探针分析测试,对新疆拜城波孜果尔碱性岩中的副矿物的矿物学特征和化学成分进行了研究.发现这些副矿物常以共生组合的形式产在碱性岩中,主要分布在石英二长闪长岩和石英二长岩中.烧绿石中U、Th和REE替代Ca、Na.独居石富含LREE,Th和LREE相互替代;根据独居石中w(La+ Ce) ＞40％和La/Nd比值在1.6～4.5,推断独居石为热液成因.磷钇矿中富含REE,且以HREE为主;w(Th)＞w(U).锆石中Zr/Hf比值在60％以上,符合碱性岩特征;其Th/U比值为0.6,属于岩浆锆石.星叶石中w(Rb2O)、w(Cs2O)较高.萤石中Y、Ce替代Ca.锆石中的钍石w(U)明显高于磁铁矿中钍石w(U).在石英二长岩中,烧绿石的w(CaO)、w(TiO2)、w(ZrO2)、w(U3O8),磷钇矿的w(Y2O3),星叶石的w(TiO2),萤石的w(Ca),氟碳铈镧矿的w(CaO)较丰富;而在石英二长闪长岩中,烧绿石的w(Ce2O3),磷钇矿的REE含量,星叶石的w(Nb2O5)、w(Rb2O),萤石w(Ce)、w(Y)和氟碳铈镧矿的w(La2O3)较高. 相似文献
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粤北大宝山次英安斑岩中副矿物榍石的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
榍石是花岗岩,尤其是钙碱性花岗岩中常见的副矿物之一。利用背散射图像和电子探针成分分析对粤北大宝山矿区岩心样品(次英安斑岩)中的榍石进行了系统的矿物学研究。结果表明,研究区榍石可分为岩浆榍石和次生(热液)榍石两类,其中岩浆榍石为自形至半自形,颗粒较大,具环带结构,平均w(Al2O3)=1.24%,w(TiO2)=38.10%,w(F)=0.40%;次生(热液)榍石与绿泥石等蚀变矿物共生,多呈它形,平均w(Al2O3)=2.44%,w(TiO2)=36.02%,w(F)=1.00%。榍石的不同世代、成因、副矿物组合特征等可以揭示花岗岩的形成条件、演化历史,且对判别花岗岩的成因类型具有重要意义。 相似文献
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近年来,在秦岭造山带宁陕伟晶岩区发现了数条Be-Nb稀有金属伟晶岩矿脉。本文通过扫描电镜和电子探针分析了Be-Nb伟晶岩中独居石的矿物学特征和矿物成分。研究结果表明,伟晶岩脉中的独居石可分为两类:Ⅰ类独居石主要分布在石英、长石等造岩矿物内部,在背散射图像中多数Ⅰ类独居石内部均匀,部分可见振荡环带,具有较高的Th O2含量(7.0%～13.9%,平均10.5%);Ⅱ类独居石单矿物在背散射图像下同样显示内部均匀,但亮度明显低于Ⅰ类独居石,且Th O2含量较低(0.9%～4.4%,平均2.2%)。这指示了Ⅰ类独居石的岩浆成因和Ⅱ类独居石的热液成因。岩浆成因独居石具有较高的Th O2含量与独居石中磷钙钍石的类质同象替代密切相关。岩浆成因独居石的U-Pb测年结果为200.8±2.1 Ma,代表伟晶岩的成岩年龄,该年龄结果接近宁陕岩基中的二长花岗岩。岩浆和热液成因独居石的εNd值的范围为4.6～3.0,这与二长花岗岩的εNd值范围基本一致,说明区内Be-Nb伟晶岩与上述二长花岗岩的同源性。综上所述,本研究认为宁陕地区Be-Nb伟晶岩... 相似文献
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宁芜盆地娘娘山组钾质火山岩为盆地内中生代最晚期火山喷发形成的火山岩,其矿物成分中钾长石主要为透长石;辉石均为透辉石;黑云母为镁质黑云母,黑云母结晶温度为650℃～750℃,氧逸度(logfo2)约为-12～-10。这些矿物的化学特征与庐枞钾质火山岩中矿物的化学特征非常接近,综合其全岩地球化学、同位素年龄数据,表明娘娘山组钾质火山岩形成于造山后的构造环境。对黑云母的成分分析表明其岩浆来源较深,应为幔源岩浆分异演化的产物,并推测与地壳发生了较弱的同化混染作用,同时娘娘山组钾质火山岩的岩相学和矿物化学特征揭示了其岩浆演化的过程。 相似文献
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华北克拉通北缘隆化地区S型花岗岩的独居石年龄图谱 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
位于华北克拉通北缘中段的隆化S型花岗岩由石榴石黑云母花岗岩、石榴石花岗岩以及片麻理化的黑云母花岗岩组成。其主体岩性石榴石黑云母花岗岩SiO_2和Al_2O_3含量分别为64.09%～69.6%以及14.6%～16.13%,K_2O/Na_2O>1.0,A/CNK>1,0,Mg~#在20.76～34.89之间变化,具有明显的Nb、Ta、P、Ti和Sr亏损以及Rb、K和Th富集。石榴石黑云母花岗岩(样品JB6031-1)采用独居石电子探针U-Th-Pb化学法进行测年,获得了2553±120Ma、2180±42Ma和1854±24Ma三个年龄峰值。一颗独居石内部成分分带上6个分析点定年结果构成2553±120Ma的峰值年龄,这一年龄与我们最新获得的2506±7Ma和2541±8Ma(继承锆石年龄)LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄相似,我们将这一独居石年龄解释为继承独居石的年龄,表明在赤城-隆化断裂以北存在太古宙陆块,并且在后期构造-热事件中发生部分熔融形成S型花岗岩。该独居石颗粒幔部成分分带上10个分析点的测年结果揭示的峰值年龄为2181±42Ma,该年龄也是出现频率最高的年龄值,我们建议2181±42Ma为S型花岗岩的结晶年龄,反映了S型花岗岩的侵位时代。独居石颗粒外部成分分带上8个分析点的测年结果构成1854±24Ma的峰值年龄,该年龄与华北克拉通中部带的变质年龄接近,我们将其解释为S型花岗岩的变质年龄,表明华北克拉通北缘的构造演化与中部带的构造演化密切相关。 相似文献
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北京十三陵地区前寒武纪岩石中稀土矿物的发现及对同位素测年的意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
华北中、新元古代地层的年龄数据很混乱(表1),本文建议将北京十三陵地区新发现的稀土矿物用SHRIMP方法测年,有助于问题的解决。北京十三陵地区保存了新太古代五台群和新—中元古代较完整的地层,电子耦合等离子体分析(即原子收光谱分析)(ICP)的定量分析数据表明,在这些地层中,岩石中所含钾和稀土元素含量都比北美页岩(NASC)、欧洲页岩(ES)和澳大利亚后太古宙页岩(PAAS)高出很多,经电子扫描+能谱仪+波谱仪(SEM+EDS+WDS)分析证明,在岩石中包含独居石(碎屑的和自生-成岩的)和磷钇矿(自生-成岩的),并首次发现钍石-独居石环带状混合矿物(变质的)以及显微脉状稀土硅酸盐矿物(地下流体形成的)等稀土矿物。利用激光拉曼光谱鉴定发现稀土矿物的分布状态包括:1在太古宙五台群的片麻岩中,云母、石英和长石之间有非自形晶独居石,而且在石英单晶里还有独居石的自形晶包裹体;并发现独居石和钍石-独居石环带状混合矿物,这些稀土矿物都是变质成因的;2在新太古代五台群片麻岩的准平原化风化面上,沉积的元古宙常沟组的底砾岩中发现了碎屑的独居石,这些独居石的同位素年龄对于元古宇的底界定年意义重大;3在常州沟组下部压扁-透镜状层理的粉砂岩中,普遍发现碎屑锆石的外缘生长出自生-成岩磷钇矿,磷钇矿的同位素定年对于常州沟组的地层年代有代表性意义;4串岭沟组的粉砂岩中发现了无形晶状自生-成岩独居石和磷钇矿,并且较多出现在显微缝合线内外,可作为SHRIMP测年的对象;5大红峪组粉砂岩中除了发现碎屑独居石外还发现脉状硅-铝稀土矿物,可能与后元古宙热液活动有关。事实上这些自生-成岩的稀土矿物的形成,都是源自太古宙富含稀土元素的变质岩石,其形成机理也与地下流体活动有关。笔者认为北京十三陵以及至华北地区,前寒武系富稀土元素形成的自生-成岩的稀土矿物,有助于用SHRIMP方法对前寒武纪地层的同位素测年研究。 相似文献
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独居石电子探针化学年龄方法 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
微区定年可以提供详细的年代学信息 ,厘定多阶段地质事件 ,从而认识复杂地质事件的演化。在最近 10年 ,发展出了一种新的微区定年方法———独居石电子探针化学年龄方法 ,在造山带的年代学研究等方面取得了令人注目的成功。(1)原理。除了一般的同位素地质年代学方法的基本要求以外 ,假设独居石中所有的铅都是由U、Th衰变而来 ,普通铅含量可以忽略不计 ,则其铅的含量即是时间和U、Th含量的函数。电子探针独居石化学年龄计算公式如下 :w(PbO)M(PbO) =w(ThO2 )M(ThO2 ) [exp(λ2 t) - 1]+w(UO2 )M(UO2 )exp(λ5t) +137.88exp(λ8t)138.… 相似文献
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《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2017,77(1):69-79
EPMA U-Th-Pbtotal dating in U- and Th bearing minerals (e.g., monazite, zircon, and xenotime) is a low-cost and reliable technique used for retrieving age information from detrital, diagenetic and low to high-T metamorphic, as well as magmatic rocks. Although, the accuracy on measured ages obtained using EPMA is considered to be poor compared to isotopic ages, the superior spatial resolution, ability to integrate textural and age information by in-situ measurement, lack of sample damage and easier and cheaper data generation in EPMA make chemical dating a very valuable tool to decipher diverse petrological processes.This contribution presents an improved analytical protocol to obtain precise estimates of U, Th and Pb concentrations in xenotime. Results were tested on monazite standard (Moacyr pegmatite, Brazil; TIMS age: 487 ± 1 Ma) as the reference material. The proposed analytical protocol has been successfully applied to achieve an analytical uncertainty of less than 10% in U, Th and Pb measurements in xenotime. The protocol was further used to resolve polygenetic xenotime ages (ca. 1.82, 1.28 and 0.93 Ga) in metapelite samples from the Mangalwar Complex, Northwestern India. Monazites in the same samples were also analyzed and found to preserve the two younger ages (i.e., ca. 1.28 and 1.0 Ga). The obtained ages from the xenotime and monazite very well corroborate with the earlier published ages from the area validating the proposed analytical protocol. 相似文献
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After a decade of studies and development, it is now accepted that reliable U–Th–total Pb isochron ages can be calculated for monazite using an electron microprobe at μm scale, either directly on thin sections or on separated grains mounted in polished section. The potential for determining U–Th–Pb chemical ages from other U- and Th-enriched phases has been investigated compared to chemical monazite-dating results for which individual spot-age precisions of 20 to 100 Ma can be achieved from individual spot analyses. Using isochron plots for monazite, the age homogeneity of a given population of data can be assessed and, depending upon the number of analyses (n 50), a precision of 5 to 10 Ma can be obtained. The U content in xenotime widely varies from less than 0.1 wt.% up to 3 wt.%, but Th rarely exceeds 1 wt.%. As a consequence, the amount of radiogenic Pb produced during a given period remains significantly lower for xenotime than for monazite, leading to a lower precision (± 20 Ma) on the mean ages. Xenotime, however, appears to remain as a closed system, but common Pb must be carefully checked. Furthermore, the electron-microprobe technique (EPMA) allows controlling any age discrepancy on xenotime grains as small as 10–20 μm that cannot be dated by other isotopic methods. Such xenotime ages can be useful when studying the monazite–xenotime equilibrium. The electron microprobe is not the most reliable method for dating zircon since U and Th concentrations are generally low and common Pb is not negligible. Nevertheless, the spatial resolution of EPMA coupled with isotope methods allows conclusive in situ studies about radiogenic Pb mobility and metamictization. Thorite does not seem suitable for dating with either isotope methods or EPMA because of continuous radiogenic Pb loss. Conversely, the oxide phases, thorianite and baddeleyite are robust minerals with closed systems. They are rather rare and seem to incorporate negligible common Pb, making EPMA a method of choice for dating them. For thorianite, the precision on the mean age can be similar as that obtained for monazite, or even better, while the precision for baddeleyite cannot be significantly better than 20 to 50 Ma due to the limited amount of U ( 0.1%) and the lack of Th. 相似文献
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CHIME dating of monazite, xenotime, zircon and polycrase: Protocol, pitfalls and chemical criterion of possibly discordant age data 总被引：7，自引：5，他引：2
This paper outlines the CHIME (chemical Th–U-total Pb isochron method) dating method, which is based on precise electron microprobe analyses of Th, U and Pb in Th- and U-bearing accessory minerals such as monazite, xenotime, zircon and polycrase. The age-mapping technique that is applicable to young monazite and zircon is also described. CHIME dating consists of analyzing multiple spots within homogeneous age domains that show sufficient compositional variation, and then these data are used to construct a “pseudo-isochron” from which an age can be obtained via regression. This method, when coupled with discrimination of possibly concordant age data by chemical criteria such as the (Ca + Si)/(Th + U + Pb + S) ratio for monazite and Ca and S contents for zircon, has the potential advantage of significant precision, and the ability to work with minerals that have a significant initial common Pb component. This technique can identify two or more homogeneous domains that are separated by age gaps smaller than the error on individual spot age analysis. Many features that are insignificant in major element analysis can have major impact in the acquisition of trace element data. Critical factors include the roles of collimator slit, detector gas, background estimation, accelerating voltage, probe current, X-ray interferences and count rate in affecting the accuracy, and a way to apply the Th and U interference correction without pure Th- and U-oxides or synthesized pure ThSiO4. The age-mapping procedure for young monazite and zircon includes acquiring PbMα (or PbMβ) intensity of individual pixels with multiple spectrometers, correcting background with background maps computed from a measured background intensity by the intensity relationships determined in advance of the measurement, calibrating of intensity with standards and calculating of ages from the Th, U and Pb concentrations. This technique provides age maps that show differences in age domains on the order of 20 Ma with in monazite as young as 100 Ma. The effect of sample damage by irradiation of intense and prolonged probe measurement is also described. 相似文献
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Th-U-Pb系统数据不协调是独居石电子探针化学定年(EPMA CHIME Dating)中一种很常见的问题。独居石矿物产生数据不协调的主要原因包括:1)蚀变或重结晶造成的铅丢失;2)不同年龄域在空间上的重叠或者存在于很小颗粒上的小年龄域。独居石EPMA年龄必大于U等于0时的极端情况给出的值,即当U为0时,EPMA CHIME年龄给出的是~(208)Pb/~(232)Th年龄,这是测量区域内最老年龄的下限。当Th为0时,EPMA CHIME年龄值介于~(206)Pb/~(238)U和~(207)Pb/~(235)U年龄值之间,这是EPMA法所能得到的最老年龄的上限。分析表明,当独居石EPMA数据出现不协调时,传统等时线方法计算的年龄值误差较大。本文提出了一种处理数据不协调情况下的优化算法。该算法考虑了测量误差,并根据剩余铀的总量剔出大的离散数据。利用已公开的数据进行算法对比的结果表明,本文提出的优化算法计算结果可靠。 相似文献
15.
海南石碌铁矿独居石的成因类型、化学定年及地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
海南石碌铁矿是我国最大的富赤铁矿矿床,同时伴生有钴、铜等多金属矿产。轴向北西-南东向的复式向斜是石碌铁、钴铜矿体的主要控矿构造,富铁矿和钴铜矿的形成与该褶皱变形及伴随的韧性剪切和高温塑性流动有着密切的关系。为获得该构造变形的年代学信息和证实构造变形对成矿物质的富集影响,本文开展了石碌铁矿近矿围岩—石碌群第六层透辉石透闪石岩中独居石的显微结构观察和电子探针化学Th-U-Pb定年(CHIME法)。显微结构观察发现独居石往往沿岩石面理定向分布,且具典型的球冠结构,表现为围绕独居石核部向外依次出现磷灰石、褐帘石、绿帘石同心环。电子探针分析结果表明这些独居石为Ce-La-Nd磷酸盐[(Ce,La,Nd,Th)PO4],具富钍独居石端元组分。ThO 2含量范围(0.78%~4.61%)、稀土特征以及独居石的产出特征均暗示了其为同构造变质成因。电子探针CHIME化学定年结果表明独居石的年龄变化范围为614~397Ma,并具有两个峰值年龄:即主峰值ca.455Ma和次峰值ca.564Ma。低的ThO 2(0.78%~1.65%),PbO(0.02%~0.04%)和CaO(0.50%~0.97%)含量,以及高的Th/U比值(23.06~53.11)暗示了构成ca.564Ma的独居石是早期剪切变形事件的产物。而在随后剪切变形过程中独居石在低角闪岩相变质条件下以及碱性变质流体诱导下发生了溶解-再沉淀,形成了具ca.455Ma年龄的补丁状成分区。该过程引起了U-Pb体系的局部重置,形成的独居石具有变化较大的ThO 2(0.92%~4.61%)、PbO(0.01%~0.08%)和CaO(0.28%~1.58%)含量范围以及Th/U值(24.83~52.86)。在剪切变形之后,早期变质成因的独居石在绿片岩相退变质作用过程中及富Ca、Fe、Si、Al流体参与的条件下,经不平衡反应形成了磷灰石-褐帘石-绿帘石球冠物,反应机制以独居石和球冠矿物间的元素扩散动力学为主。该反应暗示了REE、Y、Th等元素发生了迁移,并可能引起边部独居石的部分Pb丢失。结合华南的构造演化,年龄谱主峰值455Ma代表了与华南加里东造山运动有关的区域变质和动力变质作用事件年龄,是加里东运动在海南岛的响应;次峰值年龄564Ma对应着冈瓦纳泛非事件,暗示了华南在晚新元古代-早古生代与冈瓦纳大陆具有亲缘性,华南加里东运动引起陆内造山过程可能与冈瓦纳大陆的聚合碰撞事件有关。因此,晚新元古代-早古生代造山事件对海南岛构造演化历史具重要影响。此外,该构造运动使石碌群发生褶皱变形,伴随产生的变质流体使铁、钴铜成矿元素进一步活化和富集,对石碌铁、钴铜矿的富集有着重要影响。 相似文献
16.
The chemical Th–U total Pb isochron method (CHIME) of dating was carried out on accessory minerals in samples from the Okcheon metamorphic belt in Korea. Dated minerals include xenotime and monazite with overgrown mantles in a granitic gneiss clast from the Hwanggangri Formation, metamorphic allanite in garnet-bearing muscovite–chlorite schist of the Munjuri Formation, and polycrase and monazite in post-tectonic granite from the Hwanggangri area. Overgrowth of mantles took place at 369 ± 10 Ma on c. 1750 Ma cores of xenotime and monazite in the granitic gneiss. Allanite, occurring in textural equilibrium with peak metamorphic minerals, yields a CHIME age of 246 ± 15 Ma that is discriminably older than the polycrase (170 ± 6 Ma) and monazite (170 ± 3 Ma) ages of the post-tectonic granite. These chronological data suggest that some of the metasedimentary rocks in the belt formed through a single stage of metamorphism at c. 250 Ma from post-370 Ma sediments. Late Permian age signatures have also been reported from the Precambrian Gyeonggi and Yeongnam massifs that border the Okcheon metamorphic belt, and indicate that parts of the basement massifs and the metamorphic belt were affected by the same regional metamorphic event. 相似文献
17.
《Gondwana Research》2009,15(4):569-586
This paper outlines the CHIME (chemical Th–U-total Pb isochron method) dating method, which is based on precise electron microprobe analyses of Th, U and Pb in Th- and U-bearing accessory minerals such as monazite, xenotime, zircon and polycrase. The age-mapping technique that is applicable to young monazite and zircon is also described. CHIME dating consists of analyzing multiple spots within homogeneous age domains that show sufficient compositional variation, and then these data are used to construct a “pseudo-isochron” from which an age can be obtained via regression. This method, when coupled with discrimination of possibly concordant age data by chemical criteria such as the (Ca + Si)/(Th + U + Pb + S) ratio for monazite and Ca and S contents for zircon, has the potential advantage of significant precision, and the ability to work with minerals that have a significant initial common Pb component. This technique can identify two or more homogeneous domains that are separated by age gaps smaller than the error on individual spot age analysis. Many features that are insignificant in major element analysis can have major impact in the acquisition of trace element data. Critical factors include the roles of collimator slit, detector gas, background estimation, accelerating voltage, probe current, X-ray interferences and count rate in affecting the accuracy, and a way to apply the Th and U interference correction without pure Th- and U-oxides or synthesized pure ThSiO4. The age-mapping procedure for young monazite and zircon includes acquiring PbMα (or PbMβ) intensity of individual pixels with multiple spectrometers, correcting background with background maps computed from a measured background intensity by the intensity relationships determined in advance of the measurement, calibrating of intensity with standards and calculating of ages from the Th, U and Pb concentrations. This technique provides age maps that show differences in age domains on the order of 20 Ma with in monazite as young as 100 Ma. The effect of sample damage by irradiation of intense and prolonged probe measurement is also described. 相似文献
18.
19.
S. L. Votyakov V. V. Khiller Yu. V. Shchapova Yu. V. Erokhin 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2013,55(7):515-524
To develop further chemical microprobe timing of U-Th-bearing minerals on the basis of upgraded measurement techniques and special age calculation, uraninite, thorite, thorianite, coffinite, monazite from several localities in the Urals and Siberia have been dated. The samples were taken from granitic rocks of the Pervomaisky pluton in the Central Urals; the pre-Jurassic basement of western Siberia and Yamal Peninsula; carbonatite-like dolomite from the Karabash ultramafic massif in the Southern Urals; granitic pegmatites of the Lipovsky vein field; and quartz-sulfide veins of the Pyshma-Klyuchevsky Cu-Co-Au deposit in the Central Urals. Scrutiny of the composition and chemical heterogeneity of mineral grains is a necessary stage of chemical dating aimed at the estimation of the degree of closeness of the U-Th-Pb system and unbiased screening of analytical data. The condition (Si + Ca)/(U + Th + Pb + S) ～ 1 was used as evidence for significant secondary alteration of monazite; the negative correlation between Pb and Th or U +Th in uranitite was used for the same purpose. The positive correlation between Pb and U, along with low concentrations of Ca, Si, and Fe admixtures, implies that the stoichiometric composition of thorite is close to 100%. The reliability and accuracy of the chemical dating of minerals with high contents of radioactive elements can be enhanced by using bimineralic or multimineralic isochrons, e.g., monazite-uraninite, uraninite-coffinite, etc. The results obtained have been compared with the available isotopic ages of the studied minerals; the compared data are satisfactorily consistent. 相似文献
20.
含U副矿物的地质年代学研究综述 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
简要介绍了目前已经发展起来的各种微区原位测年技术的特点和研究矿物内部结构的技术。微区原位测年技术有离子探针、激光探针同位素测年技术、电子探针、质子探针和X射线荧光探针Th U 全Pb化学等时线年龄技术。综述了锆石、独居石、磷钇矿、榍石、磷灰石、金红石、斜锆石等含U副矿物在U Th Pb年代学研究方面的应用及进展,并介绍了锆石、独居石、磷钇矿、榍石等具有多世代性的矿物的成因判别方法,概括了用于岩浆过程、变质过程和沉积过程年代学研究常用的含U副矿物,及其相应的年代学研究需要注意及可解决的地质问题和适用性。总结了岩石年代学研究的主要进展和提取贮存在副矿物中有价值的年龄和成因信息需要解决的问题。 相似文献