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浙江省白垩系和第四系中新建立的岩石地层单位 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
《中国区域地质》1995,(2):125-130
浙江省白垩系由下而上新建立三个岩石地层单位：（１）小平田组以中酸性火山碎屑岩为主，夹中、酸性熔岩及紫红色砂岩，厚度３７０－１１００，测得Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时线年龄１０８Ｍａ；时代为早白垩中晚期；（２）两头塘组以紫红色泥岩、粉砂岩为主，局部夹砾岩及流纹质玻屑凝灰岩，厚度１７５－６９０ｍ，与上、下地层均为整合关系，产有恐龙蛋及甲龙等化石，时代属于晚白垩世；（３）赤城山组主要为紫红色砾岩、粉砂岩，偶夹凝灰岩层 相似文献
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扎布耶盐湖位于西藏高原腹地 ,东经 84°0 4′,北纬 30°2 1′,隶属西藏自治区仲巴县 (图 1)。其南岸地层属冈底斯—念青唐古拉地层区的措勤—申扎分区[1] ,为一套近东西向展布的火山—沉积岩 ,岩性自下而上主要为 :灰黑色暗紫色砖红色厚层状中酸性凝灰岩、安山岩、黄绿色蚀变火山碎屑岩夹紫红色灰绿色土黄色中—薄层砂岩、泥质粉砂岩和深灰色厚层状生物灰岩 ,深灰色灰紫色黄绿色中—厚层复成分砾岩、火山角砾岩、砂岩、深灰色中厚层状生物灰岩夹薄层凝灰岩 ,地层总厚度大于 10 0 0ｍ。西藏自治区地质矿产局[1] 沿用西藏区域地质调查大队 … 相似文献
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《地层学杂志》2016,(1)
分布于山东省鲁西地区的济宁群是全隐伏浅变质海相火山—沉积地层,主要岩性组合为:绿泥绢云千枚岩、变凝灰质砂岩、千枚状粉砂岩、变长石砂岩、炭质(绿泥)绢云千枚岩、方解绢云千枚岩、石英绢云凝灰质千枚岩、方解磁铁石英岩、千枚状变质砂岩、变英安岩等。下部为变火山碎屑岩系,以出现变火山碎屑岩(含熔岩)和粒度相对粗的正常碎屑岩为特点,称为翟村组;中部为含铁岩系,以出现较多方解磁铁石英岩为特点,称为颜店组;上部为千枚岩系,以夹火山—正常细碎屑岩和炭质含量不等的千枚岩为特点,称为洪福寺组。地层变质程度为低绿片岩相,经历了较强烈的褶皱变形和韧性剪切变形作用改造。地球化学特征指示,济宁群中碎屑岩的源岩为鲁西TTG岩系,地层总体为裂谷环境还原条件下的热水沉积组合。含铁岩系具苏必利尔湖型BIF铁矿特征。 相似文献
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内蒙古科尔沁右翼中旗协和尔斯德一带出露一套中生代地层,岩石组合主要为酸性火山碎屑岩、火山碎屑沉积岩夹碎屑沉积岩及酸性火山熔岩。1∶50000区调依据在该套地层上部层位发现的木化石组合确定其时代为中—晚侏罗世,结合岩石组合,将该套地层划分为上侏罗统满克头鄂博组。为了准确厘定该套地层时代,为木化石延限研究及区域生物地层划分对比提供依据,本次研究在低于产木化石层位的酸性火山碎屑岩中采取了锆石测年样品(LA-ICP-MS),获得锆石U-Pb年龄(165±1)Ma,时代为中侏罗世。同时采取了侵入该套地层的斑状细晶闪长岩测年样品,获得锆石年龄(131±1)Ma,限定了地层形成的上限年龄。根据岩性组合的区域对比、测年结果、木化石组合时限、地层产状特征,认为该套地层应划为中侏罗统新民组,是突泉火山-沉积盆地充填物的一部分。 相似文献
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本区晚中生代地层,为一套火山碎屑岩及中性熔岩—湖相碎屑岩,沉积总厚度6400m,自下而上划分为上侏罗统茶棚组和花吉营组,下白垩统青石砬组。茶棚组:由凝灰质砾岩、砂岩、粉砂岩、页岩组成,含丰富叶肢介Nestoria及鱼类Peipiaosteus化石,上部夹安山岩(K—Ar年龄136.2Ma),本组厚1011m。花吉营组:由碎屑岩及中性熔岩组成五个沉积喷发旋回,在碎屑岩中产热河动物群——Eosestheria—Lycoptera—Ephemeropsis组合,还伴生有双壳类及植物化石;安山岩测定K—Ar法年龄为114.88—101.37Ma,本组总厚4451m。青石砬组:由页岩、粉砂岩、细砂岩等组成,上部夹劣质煤层,产丰富植物、鱼类、昆虫等化石,厚442m。 相似文献
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本文根据近几年在该区区调成果，阐述了本区火山岩系由四个火山旋回组成；秋皮沟一带分布一套以中酸性火山碎屑岩为主，夹少量中性熔岩及火山间歇期正常沉积的秋皮沟火山碎屑岩；南岔—复兴一带存在早白垩世三棵榆树期火山活动。区内原幸福山岩体、头道沟岩体、老岭村岩体均为复式岩体，反映为幸福山序列和头道沟序列岩浆组合特征。 相似文献
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研究区位于准噶尔成矿省巴尔鲁克山—三塘湖晚古生代、中生代Cu、A u成矿带东段,构造上属唐巴勒-卡拉麦里古生代复合沟弧带。出露地层主要为奥陶系中酸性火山岩、火山碎屑岩及正常碎屑岩组合,泥盆系陆源碎屑岩、火山岩及火山碎屑岩组合,及石炭系正常碎屑岩夹火山碎屑岩组合。研究区侵入岩主要形成于华力西晚期,表现为从基性到酸性演化的特征。区内断裂和褶皱构造发育,为成矿提供了空间。笔者主要是通过对巴里坤县八墙子一带A u、Cu等元素在各个地层单元、侵入岩及构造中的分布特征研究,结合区内已发现的金、铜矿床、矿（化）点及异常的分布特征,总结了研究区金、铜矿成矿规律及找矿方向,认为区内金、铜矿产的形成与大地构造环境、区域构造以及岩浆活动有直接的关系。 相似文献
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早白垩世期间浙东南地区火山岩地层磨石山群的祝村组的建组一直存有争议.近年在浙江宁海地区深入开展的1:50000区域地质调查,发现此套中—酸性火山碎屑岩、凝灰质沉积岩夹酸性或中性熔岩地层,在岩性组合、岩相类型、岩石化学成分、火山活动类型等方面与下伏的九里坪组存在较大差异,并在宁海水车、永嘉大箬岩、丽水祝村等地出露广泛、厚度较大.依火山岩地层划分原则,这套地层可作为一个组级岩石地层单位——祝村组.通过对浙东南地区祝村组地层的区域对比认为:祝村组属早白垩世火山活动产物;岩性组合随当时火山活动强度及所处位置有所不同:分布于火山活动较强的破火山口内的祝村组地层,以火山碎屑流相为主,另有崩落相、火山泥石流相、空落相等岩相类型,岩石化学类型属中—酸性;分布于火山活动时喷时歇的火山洼地内的祝村组,以空落相火山碎屑岩与湖相、冲积扇相沉积岩互层产出为主,并有少量火山碎屑流相与喷溢相岩相类型,岩石化学类型属酸性. 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Between 1985 and 1991, two new mountain protected areas (MTNPA) covering more than 35,000 km2 and based on participatory management models — the Makalu-Barun National Park and Conservation Area, Nepal, and Qomolangma Nature Preserve, Tibet Autonomous Region — were successfully established through the collaborative efforts of Woodlands Mountain Institute and conservationists in China and Nepal. Characteristics common to both projects include the importance of establishing (1) effective rationales, (2) local support constituencies, (3) a senior advisory group, (4) a task force, (5) linkages between conservation and development, and (6) fund raising mechanisms. The lessons derived from the experiences of Woodlands Mountain Institute are of significant value to others in preserving MTNPA. Increased collaboration and communication between all interested in conservation, however, will remain a critical component for expanding mountain protected area coverage to throughout the world. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献