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1.
This paper evaluates the hysteretic behavior of an innovative compressed elastomer structural damper and its applicability to seismic‐resistant design of steel moment‐resisting frames (MRFs). The damper is constructed by precompressing a high‐damping elastomeric material into steel tubes. This innovative construction results in viscous‐like damping under small strains and friction‐like damping under large strains. A rate‐dependent hysteretic model for the compressed elastomer damper, formed from a parallel combination of a modified Bouc–Wen model and a non‐linear dashpot is presented. The model is calibrated using test data obtained under sinusoidal loading at different amplitudes and frequencies. This model is incorporated in the OpenSees [17] computer program for use in seismic response analyses of steel MRF buildings with compressed elastomer dampers. A simplified design procedure was used to design seven different systems of steel MRFs combined with compressed elastomer dampers in which the properties of the MRFs and dampers were varied. The combined systems are designed to achieve performance, which is similar to or better than the performance of conventional steel MRFs designed according to current seismic codes. Based on the results of nonlinear seismic response analyses, under both the design basis earthquake and the maximum considered earthquake, target properties for a new generation of compressed elastomer dampers are defined. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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提出一种带可更换软钢阻尼器的低损伤自复预制混凝土(LDSCPC)框架节点,并针对该节点在地震作用下的抗震性能、更换阻尼器后的性能恢复等开展足尺试件的拟静力试验。在节点试验基础上,基于ABAQUS精细化有限元模型进行该节点关于螺栓预紧力、水平和竖向耗能条尺寸的参数化分析及优化设计。研究表明,软钢阻尼器LT12的滞回特性和承载能力是最优异的,而LT14是耗能最好的;增加阻尼器耗能条的尺寸和厚度能分别提高LDSCPC框架节点在加载早期和变形较大时的耗能性能。较大的螺栓预紧力能明显提升LDSCPC框架节点的耗能能力,当预紧力为155 kN时,软钢阻尼器几乎达到理想的耗能性能。 相似文献
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在大震或特大震下,黏滞阻尼器可能因某个极限状态的出现而发生破坏。现有在斜拉桥上设置黏滞阻尼器的研究多集中在阻尼器的参数优化上,很少考虑到阻尼器失效对斜拉桥抗震性能的影响。针对这一问题,以某三塔斜拉桥为背景,利用OpenSees平台建立斜拉桥有限元模型和可以考虑承载力及行程极限的黏滞阻尼器模型;分析黏滞阻尼器的阻尼系数和阻尼指数对斜拉桥地震响应的影响,确定阻尼器参数的取值;对不安装阻尼器、安装不考虑极限状态及考虑极限状态阻尼器等多种工况的斜拉桥进行非线性时程分析,对比各工况斜拉桥的地震响应。分析结果表明,在大震下,考虑极限状态阻尼器的耗能能力及减震效果将显著降低;不考虑阻尼器达到极限状态后失效的情况将高估耗能减震设计斜拉桥的抗震能力。 相似文献
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大跨斜拉桥的近断层地震响应及减震控制 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
近断层地震长周期成分丰富,存在速度大脉冲效应;而大跨度斜拉桥一般采用半漂浮体系或漂浮体系,所以固有频率较低。为了研究大跨度斜拉桥在近断层地震作用下的反应规律及减震措施,利用ANSYS软件分析了某半漂浮体系的大跨斜拉桥在近断层地震作用下的时程响应,并对其减震控制方法进行了探讨。研究表明,大跨度斜拉桥的近断层地震响应随着PGV/PGA值的增大而增大,且增大幅度较大,近场脉冲效应较为显著;对于近断层地震作用,不建议采用塔梁弹性连接装置作为主梁纵漂的减震措施,而采用参数适宜的铅挤压阻尼器和粘滞阻尼器则均能获得很好的减震效果;由于大跨度斜拉桥的近断层地震反应较大,应提高其支座的设计允许位移。 相似文献
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Magneto‐rheological (MR) dampers are a promising device for seismic hazard mitigation because their damping characteristics can be varied adaptively using an appropriate control law. During the last few decades researchers have investigated the behavior of MR dampers and semi‐active control laws associated with these types of dampers for earthquake hazard mitigation. A majority of this research has involved small‐scale MR dampers. To investigate the dynamic behavior of a large‐scale MR damper, characterization tests were conducted at the Lehigh Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation equipment site on large‐scale MR dampers. A new MR damper model, called the Maxwell Nonlinear Slider (MNS) model, is developed based on the characterization tests and is reported in this paper. The MNS model can independently describe the pre‐yield and post‐yield behavior of an MR damper, which makes it easy to identify the model parameters. The MNS model utilizes Hershel–Bulkley visco‐plasticity to describe the post‐yield non‐Newtonian fluid behavior, that is, shear thinning and thickening behavior, of the MR fluid that occurs in the dampers. The predicted response of a large‐scale damper from the MNS model along with that from existing Bouc–Wen and hyperbolic tangent models, are compared with measured response from various experiments. The comparisons show that the MNS model achieves better accuracy than the existing models in predicting damper response under cyclic loading. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Large‐scale real‐time hybrid simulation of a three‐story steel frame building with magneto‐rheological dampers 
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下载免费PDF全文 A series of large‐scale real‐time hybrid simulations (RTHSs) are conducted on a 0.6‐scale 3‐story steel frame building with magneto‐rheological (MR) dampers. The lateral force resisting system of the prototype building for the study consists of moment resisting frames and damped brace frames (DBFs). The experimental substructure for the RTHS is the DBF with the MR dampers, whereas the remaining structural components of the building including the moment resisting frame and gravity frames are modeled via a nonlinear analytical substructure. Performing RTHS with an experimental substructure that consists of the complete DBF enables the effects of member and connection component deformations on system and damper performance to be accurately accounted for. Data from these tests enable numerical simulation models to be calibrated, provide an understanding and validation of the in‐situ performance of MR dampers, and a means of experimentally validating performance‐based seismic design procedures for real structures. The details of the RTHS procedure are given, including the test setup, the integration algorithm, and actuator control. The results from a series of RTHS are presented that includes actuator control, damper behavior, and the structural response for different MR control laws. The use of the MR dampers is experimentally demonstrated to reduce the response of the structure to strong ground motions. Comparisons of the RTHS results are made with numerical simulations. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that RTHS can be conducted on realistic structural systems with dampers to enable advancements in resilient earthquake resistant design to be achieved. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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为了提高大跨度桥梁的抗震性能水平,基于粘滞阻尼器的结构减震控制技术成为专家学者研究的重点和工程设计人员首先考虑的抗震设防措施。现有成果主要集中在大跨度公路斜拉桥的研究和应用,在山区的非规则高墩钢桁连续梁桥研究的较少。以云南省元江大桥为例,采用Midas/civil建立弹性分析的有限元模型,对元江大桥进行了动力特性分析。采用快速非线性时程分析方法对粘滞阻尼器参数进行了优化分析,并且总结了粘滞阻尼器参数对高墩连续梁桥的减震作用规律。最后,通过有控和无控结构的地震动响应对比分析,评价了安装阻尼器后的结构主控部位的减震效果。结果表明:减震控制提高了结构的安全性。 相似文献
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A damper device based on shape memory alloy (SMA) wires is developed for structural control implementation. The design procedures of the SMA damper are presented. As a case study, eight such SMA dampers are installed in a frame structure to verify the effectiveness of the damper devices. Experimental results show that vibration decay of the SMA damper controlled frame is much faster than that of the uncontrolled frame. The finite‐element method is adopted to conduct the free and forced vibration analysis of the controlled and uncontrolled frame. The experimental and numerical results illustrate that the developed SMA dampers are very effective in reducing structural response and have great potential for use as efficient energy dissipation devices with the advantages of good control of force and no lifetime limits, etc. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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某周期比超限偏心结构地震反应控制分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以周期比超限的某偏心结构工程为研究背景,基于SAP2000建立三维有限元模型,采用黏滞阻尼器、黏弹性阻尼器、软钢阻尼器、复合铅黏弹性阻尼器和钢支撑五种减震方案对其进行扭转控制,针对不同扭转控制方案分别进行了模态分析、反应谱分析和动力时程分析,对比研究了多遇地震作用下各控制方案的周期比、层间位移、支撑内力及阻尼器的耗能能力。研究表明:五种控制方案均具有有效抑制结构扭转振动响应的能力,降低结构的最大层间位移角,并使之满足规范要求;后四种控制方案能明显减小结构的周期比,将结构第一扭转反应控制在第三振型;对于此类偏心结构体系的扭转振动控制,本文建议阻尼器设置应尽量远离刚度中心,以达到最佳扭转控制效果。 相似文献
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Buckling is usually conceived as an unstable structural behavior leading to lateral instability of axially loaded members, if not properly supported. However, a pre‐bent strip would become an excellent seismic energy‐dissipative device if it is deformed in a guided direction and range. Geometrically large lateral deformation of the steel strips in buckling leads to inelastic behavior of the material and dissipates energy as a consequence. The purpose of this study is to propose a new type of seismic damper in the form of braces based on pre‐bent steel strips. The nonlinear elastic stiffness of monotonously loaded pre‐bent strips in both compression and tension is derived. The energy‐dissipative characteristics of the proposed damping device are investigated via component tests under cyclic loads. Experimental results indicate that the force–displacement relationship of pre‐bent strips in cyclic loads exhibits mechanical characteristics of displacement‐dependent dampers. A series of seismic performance tests has been conducted further to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of using the proposed device as seismic dampers. Encouraging test results have been obtained, suggesting feasibility of the proposed device for earthquake‐resistant design. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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带粘弹性阻尼器结构振动台试验设计——基于OpenSees的阻尼器尺寸选择 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于带粘弹性阻尼器钢框架结构振动台试验,提出了基于OpenSees的阻尼器尺寸选择方法。首先,通过试验获得一种特定尺寸阻尼器的滞回曲线,根据粘弹性阻尼器相似理论,将其转换为一系列不同尺寸的阻尼器滞回曲线。使用Bouc-Wen模型对它们进行参数识别并添加到结构分析模型中,利用OpenSees软件对添加阻尼器结构和纯框架结构进行不同水准的3条地震波下动力时程分析。最后,通过综合考查阻尼器的减震效果和最大应变来确定合适的用于振动台试验当中的阻尼器尺寸。结果表明,本方法可避免对不同尺寸阻尼器逐个进行性能试验,Bouc-Wen模型可较准确地模拟阻尼器力学性能,OpenSees非线性动力时程分析可准确模拟试验过程,根据提出的选择指标能简单方便地确定阻尼器的尺寸。 相似文献
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Damage investigation of small to medium-span highway bridges in Wenchuan earthquake revealed that typical damage of these bridges included: sliding between laminated-rubber bearings and bridge girders, concrete shear keys failure, excessive girder displacements and even span collapse. However, the bearing sliding could actually act as a seismic isolation for piers, and hence, damage to piers for these bridges was minor during the earthquake. Based on this concept, an innovative solation system for highway bridges with laminated-rubber bearings is developed. The system is comprised of typical laminated-rubber bearings and steel dampers. Bearing sliding is allowed during an earthquake to limit the seismic forces transmitting to piers, and steel dampers are applied to restrict the bearing displacements through hysteretic energy dissipation. As a major part of this research, a quarter-scale, two-span bridge model was constructed and tested on the shake tables to evaluate the performance of this isolation system. The bridge model was subjected to a Northridge and an artificial ground motion in transverse direction. Moreover, numerical analyses were conducted to investigate the seismic performance of the bridge model. Besides the test bridge model, a benchmark model with the superstructure fixed to the substructure in transverse direction was also included in the numerical analyses. Both the experimental and the numerical results showed high effectiveness of this proposed isolation system in the bridge model. The system was found to effectively control the pier-girder relative displacements, and simultaneously, protect the piers from severe damage. Numerical analyses also validated that the existing finite element methods are adequate to estimate the seismic response of bridges with this isolation system. 相似文献
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The aseismic design of cable-stayed bridges in the transverse direction with newly proposed metallic dampers that can accommodate both longitudinal and transverse movement of the deck has recently been considered. This work focuses on developing a simplified method to design an appropriate metallic damper. The seismic performance of cablestayed bridges with different damper stiffness, main span lengths, tower shapes and types of deck in the transverse direction are investigated. The transverse displacement of the deck of a cable-stayed bridge increases significantly with the increment of the damper stiffness, which proves that the design of the damper stiffness is crucial. A simplified model considering the damper stiffness, cable system and tower in the transverse direction is developed to evaluate the period and lateral displacement of a complicated cable-stayed bridge. Based on the simplified model, a design method is proposed and assessed using two cable-stayed bridges as examples. The results show that metallic dampers can be designed with high efficiency, and the optimal ductility of the damper can be selected. 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2015,(1)
This study proposes a novel mild steel damper with non-uniform vertical slits. The infl uence of different shapes of vertical slits of the core energy plate on the energy dissipation and buckling resistance capacities is analyzed. Based on the theoretical analysis, formulas of key parameters of the dampers, including the elastic lateral stiffness, shear bearing capacity and yield displacement, are derived. The effectiveness of the proposed damper is demonstrated through pseudo static tests on four 0.25-scale specimens. Performance of these dampers, i.e. cyclic deformation, stress distribution, energy dissipation capacity, etc., are presented and discussed. Using the numerical models of dampers calibrated through test data, earthquake time-history analyses were conducted, and it is observed that the dampers significantly reduce the seismic responses of the prototype frame and have a desirable energy dissipation capacity. 相似文献
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PeterDusicka AhmadM.ltani IanG.Buckle 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2004,3(2):195-203
Non-linear finite element models accounting for large displacements have been used to investigate the behavior of steel built-up shear links that had previously been tested using large-scale experiments. The links were designed using steel grades with yield points ranging from high to low strengths. The objectives of the numerical analyses were to further investigate the non-linear behavior and to correlate the numerical results with experimental observations. Elasto-plastic as well as cyclic stress-strain material properties were incorporated to study the influence of material behavior on the overall shear link response. Non-linear monotonic analyses of the shear links incorporating the cyclic stress-strain steel properties resulted in similar trends in the response as the backbone curves recorded from the physical experiments. The numerical models of built-up shear links utilizing structural grade steels closely correlated to the experimentally recorded shear strength.Models utilizing low yield point steels overestimated the shear strength, which was caused by the characteristics of cyclic behavior of those steels. The detailed numerical models also allowed for investigation of the plastic strain demands on the different components of the link. It was shown that finite element models combined with appropriate stress-strain relationship may be used with confidence to check the design of shear links of different steel grades and sectional geometries. 相似文献
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Hysteresis steel dampers are widely used in earthquake-resistant structures, where some of them are anisotropic and capable of sustaining earthquake-induced bidirectional deformation. In this paper, a simplified analytical model is proposed for simulating the hysteretic behavior of U-shaped steel dampers with horizontal bidirectional deformation. The proposed model is composed of a series of shear springs with different nonlinear characteristics in a radial configuration, and the Menegotto–Pinto hysteresis model is employed to represent the hysteretic characteristics of the springs. The mechanical and shape-related parameters of the hysteresis model are set according to the multi-directional deformation characteristics of steel dampers. With the aim of validating the effectiveness and applicability of the analytical model, a U-shaped steel damper was used as an example. The pseudo-static hysteretic characteristics of the steel damping element were analyzed and the elasto-plastic seismic response of a curved bridge featuring a steel hysteresis device was investigated. The results showed that the proposed model is sufficiently accurate to simulate the hysteretic behavior of U-shaped steel dampers, and thus provides a practical method to assess U-shaped steel dampers through seismic response analysis. 相似文献
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Response prediction,experimental characterization and P‐spectra design of frames with viscoelastic–plastic dampers 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Viscoelastic–plastic (VEP) dampers are hybrid passive damping devices that combine the advantages of viscoelastic and hysteretic damping. This paper first formulates a semi‐analytical procedure for predicting the peak response of nonlinear SDOF systems equipped with VEP dampers, which forms the basis for the generation of Performance Spectra that can then be used for direct performance assessment and optimization of VEP damped structures. This procedure is first verified against extensive nonlinear time‐history analyses based on a Kelvin viscoelastic model of the dampers, and then against a more advanced evolutionary model that is calibrated to characterization tests of VEP damper specimens built from commercially available viscoelastic damping devices, and an adjustable friction device. The results show that the proposed procedure is sufficiently accurate for predicting the response of VEP systems without iterative dynamic analysis for preliminary design purposes. A design method based on the Performance Spectra framework is then proposed for systems equipped with passive VEP dampers and is applied to enhance the seismic response of a six‐storey steel moment frame. The numerical simulation results on the damped structure confirm the use of the Performance Spectra as a convenient and accurate platform for the optimization of VEP systems, particularly during the initial design stage. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献