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本文采用“双差地震定位法”重新定位了福建数字地震台网正式运行以来发生的水口库区附近的地震,结果表明,记录的地震分二个时段,分别发生于不同的小区域内1999年1月~12底,发生于N26.35°~N26.40°,E118.67°~E118.70°,约5×3km2范围内,震源深度集中在9~10km范围内,整个震源的分布为一近水平的南北展布,具有一定的构造地震特征;2000年初至2005年末,地震主要发生于N26.39°~N26.41°,E118.62°~E118.64°,约2×2km2范围内,震源深度约2~4km,由于记录的地震震级小、个数少、时间跨度大,认为应是浅表应力局部调整的结果。 相似文献
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地震滑坡编目图误差分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地震滑坡编目是地震滑坡区域研究的基础。近年来,单次地震事件后的地震滑坡编目工作成果多有出现,然而,地震滑坡编目误差分析,尤其是滑坡的面积与体积误差分析研究却是一项空白。本文提出了一种基于遥感影像空间分辨率的地震滑坡编目误差分析方法,并分别对2010年4月14日玉树Mw69级地震触发的2036处滑坡、2010年1月12日海地Mw70级地震触发的30828处滑坡、2008年5月12日汶川Mw79级地震触发的197481处滑坡编目图进行误差分析。结果表明玉树地震滑坡面积为1191 km2,误差范围是1153 ~1229 km2（9681%~10319%）,体积为2012×106m3,误差范围是1947×106~2078×106m3（9677%~10328%）;海地地震滑坡面积为15743km2,误差范围是15118 ~16368 km2（9603%~10397%）,体积为29698×106m3,误差范围是28594×106~30821×106m3（9628%~10378%）;汶川地震滑坡面积为1160025km2,误差范围是1072258 ~1248424km2（9243%~10762%）,体积为4693159×106m3,误差范围是4372957×106~5033739×106m3（9318%~10726%）。遥感影像分辨率与滑坡编目误差的关系分析表明不同分辨率遥感影像对地震滑坡编目图误差有明显影响,地震滑坡强频分布与滑坡编目误差的关系分析表明滑坡规模对地震滑坡编目图误差也有明显影响。该地震滑坡编目图误差分析方法可以推广应用于更多的地震滑坡事件。 相似文献
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提出解释反应过程动力学和实验及实际P—T参考坐标系间位移的计算端员反应的精度及准确度的新方法。对最近收集的实验数据的应用证明,采用单独一组实验数据,在变质温度(～900K)条件下的一端员反应位置的估算精度(1δ)可以在±100×10~5到±310×~5Pa以及准确度的最低估算值(1δ)可以在±270×10~5到±410×10~5Pa的等级,这取决于如何精确划定反应界限并假定压力和温度的1δ可能系统误差分别为±250×10~5Pa和±5℃。采用5种不同研究的钙铝榴石—钙长石—蓝晶石—石英(GASP)反应位置的准确度估算在900K条件下为±350×10~到±380×10~5Pa之间,这取决于是否采用独立的标准样校准了各个研究结果。 相似文献
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安徽月山铜、金矿田成矿流体从深部向浅部沿断裂、裂隙以及多孔介质(含微裂隙)运移,运动速率分别为1.4m/s、9.8×10~(-1)～9.8×10~(-7)m/s、3.6×10~(-7)～4.6×10~(-7)m/s,流体运移通道介质性质的变化引起流体运移速率的变化是导致成矿物质在介质接触界面中沉淀的主要原因之一。成矿流体在高温时主要迁移方向向上,流体通量为n×10~4～n×10~5mol/cm~2,中低温时运移方向多样,大气降水介入岩浆热液体系导致流体通量增大,流体通量为n×10~5～n×10~6mol/cm~2;成矿流体中所携带的成矿物质具备形成大型铜矿床的潜力。 相似文献
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企岭岩体属于南岭花岗岩。侵入海西和燕山早期花岗岩及寒武纪浅变质岩系,与围岩接触界线明显。同位索年龄141—162Ma。岩性为二云母花岗岩,为碱质含量高、富钾、铝过饱和的酸性岩石。~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr初始值为0.7162、δ~(18)O为11.90‰,∑REE含量为177.78 ppm,其稀土模式与寒武纪浅变质岩的稀土模式相似。岩体形成温度560—710℃,水气压118×10~6—17×10~7Pa,氢逸度316×10~2—1259×10~3Pa,氧逸度10~(-16)—10~(-17-5)atm(1atm=101325Pa),水逸度79433×10~3—80895×10~3Pa,成因类型属陆壳改造型。 相似文献
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煤田物探数字技术讲座编写组 《煤田地质与勘探》1977,5(4):75-102
地震仪的发展,经历了三代。第一代:光点地震仪。地震资料记录在照相纸上,不能进行回放和资料处理。第二代:模拟磁带地震仪。地震信息以波形方式记录在磁带上,可以在室内进行回放和资料处理。现在,发展到了第三代:数字地震仪。数字地震仪是数字化地震勘探装备的地震信息野外采集部件,它是数字化地震勘探的核心部分。 相似文献
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F~(201)断裂位于黄河黑山峡大柳树坝址北1.9km,长8.5km,呈北80°西方向,南倾60°—80°,为左旋逆冲断层,段古老的东西向构造带成分。第四纪以来,断裂的活动具分属性,仅中段长2.0km的范围内见距今2.2×10~4a以来至1.1×10~4a左右有过三次活动,时间分别为距今2.2×10~4a左右,1.72—1.31×10~4a之间,1.1×10~4a左右。而东段仅见晚更新世早期活动,西段大部分隐伏于晚更新世中、晚期地层之下。根据工程地质评价标准,F~(201)断裂应为非活动断裂,至多为弱活动断裂。而这种活动很可能是受其北侧中卫—同心断裂带的影响所至,而不象是F~(201)断裂发生地震造成的。为了大坝的安全,不妨认为F~(201)断裂为发震断裂,评价出断裂发震对大坝的影响烈度不会达到其基本烈Ⅷ度度,地震形变带宽度远不会达到400m,不会对坝址造成毁坏。因此,在大柳树当地材料高坝按基本烈度Ⅷ度设防的条件下,F_(201)断裂不会对工程产生危害。 相似文献
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通过1∶5万区域地质调查及典型剖面研究,在滇中禄劝地区二叠系峨眉山组顶部识别出一套厚约20~50 m不等的Nb、Co、Ga、Zr及REE超常富集层。富集层主要岩性为灰紫色泥岩、凝灰质泥岩、凝灰岩,局部夹杏仁状玄武岩。通过对禄劝万鲁布、撒角海一带的富集层刻槽分析显示,Nb2O5含量在82.4×10-6~120.1×10-6,平均值为100.3×10-6,大于风化壳型矿床一般工业指标80×10-6;Ga 含量28. 8×10-6~35.6×10-6,平均值为32.1×10-6,高于现行的Ga矿资源工业指标要求30×10-6;REE含量在360×10-6~510×10-6,平均值为440.6×10-6,接近风化壳型矿床一般工业指标500×10-6;并呈现出泥岩凝灰质泥岩凝灰岩关键金属含量依次升高,与火山灰含量呈正相关的特征,峨眉山玄武岩的风化作用可能造成了关键金属的富集;同时富集层中伴有Co、Zr、Li等关键金属矿化现象;由此,二叠系峨眉山组红顶层是一个关键金属的富集层,鉴于滇中地区二叠系峨眉山组分布范围较广,是一个极具Nb、Ga、Co、Zr及REE等多种关键金属找矿前景的地区,值得找矿工作者关注。峨眉山组各段玄武岩间富集关键金属的火山碎屑岩－沉积岩夹层（10~120 cm）、沥青杏仁体的发现,佐证了峨眉山玄武岩是地幔柱幕式喷发,为峨眉山玄武岩地幔柱演化、喷发时限及其与二叠纪生物灭绝的关系、寻找常规油气提供了新的研究方向及资料。 相似文献
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某铀矿床位于L花岗岩体外接触带,成矿围岩为中泥盆统碳酸盐岩,为多阶段中低温热液型铀矿化。本文详细地讨论了该矿床的成矿物理化学条件:成矿温度为100—300℃,沥青铀矿形成温变为150—200℃;矿前期热液压力为(1—2)×10~8SPa,矿期为(5—10)×10~7pa,矿后期为(3—5)×10~7Pa。从矿前期至矿后期,矿液fo_2和fs_2皆有降低的趋势fo_2为10~(-31.81)—10~(43.58),fs_2为10~(-6.67)—10~(-16.56);矿液pH为7.12—7.59,Eh为-0.2702—-0.2848V;铀以K_4[UO_2(CO_3)_3]形式迁移,随着物理化学条件的改变,铀络合物解体,形成沥青铀矿。 相似文献
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研究表明,在砷、汞、锑、金矿床中普遍含有较高的铊,并发现富铊雄黄矿和铊单矿物。铊亲硫和亲石地球化学性质决定铊赋存形式。在岩矿石中铊主要呈单矿物,分散状态铊占次要地位。根据富铊雄黄矿床成矿特点,铊赋存状态,岩矿石中铊含量及其与砷、汞、锑、金相关关系,尝试性提出成矿模式和找矿标志。岩矿石中铊含量>10×10~(-6),5×10~(-6)—10×10~(-6),1×10~(-6)—5×10~(-6),分别为矿床、矿田和矿带的找矿标志。 相似文献
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地震危险性、地震危害性和地震易损性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
做好城市防震减灾工作 ,关键是对未来可能遭遇地震灾害定量化预测。本文论述地震灾害定量化的三要素 :地震危险性 ,地震危害性和地震易损性 ,它们概念完全不同 ,且很容易混淆 ,但又存在因与果的关系。本文还简要介绍厦门市地震科技工作者开展的“闽南地区综合防震减灾示范工程”。 相似文献
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S. A. Greenhalgh D. Love K. Malpas R. McDougall 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(5):483-495
The seismicity of South Australia over the period 1980–92 is presented as a follow‐up to earlier studies. The South Australian seismic network has undergone a significant expansion in the last decade, and with it an increase in the number and precision of located earthquakes. The distribution of recent seismic activity is similar to the historical pattern of earthquakes and the previous instrumental seismicity maps, all of which show the three main areas as being the Flinders‐Mt Lofty Ranges, Eyre Peninsula, and the southeast. The one notable exception in the recent study is the presence of earthquake activity in the Musgrave Block, a previously aseismic region. Intensity characteristics are reported for earthquakes that were sufficiently widely felt. Fault plane solutions for three Flinders Ranges earthquakes (previously unpublished) are also presented; the focal mechanisms are consistent with predominant northeast‐southwest compression. The seismic moment method was used to estimate the seismic risk for the major population centres in terms of probability of exceedance of seismic intensity within a given period. These estimates are based on the recurrence parameters and intensity attenuation function for the region. The results place Adelaide close to the AS2121 ‐ 1979 Earthquake Code Zone I/Zone 2 boundary. 相似文献
13.
渤海湾盆地辽东湾地区古近系地震相研究 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：12
对辽东湾地区古近系地层进行了研究,选择了可信度较高的地震反射内部结构和外部形态,辅助地震反射振幅、连续性等参数,对地震相进行了划分命名。在研究区6个地震层序中共识别出平行—亚平行席状地震相、前积地震相、楔状地震相、充填状地震相、透镜状地震相、丘状地震相及乱岗状地震相等多种类型。这些地震相在平面分布上具有差异性,在垂向演化上具有继承性。将地震相转变为沉积相,划分出了湖泊沉积环境的深湖—半深湖、滨浅湖、扇三角洲、近岸水下扇、三角洲、浊积扇等沉积相,预测出了有利沉积相带。 相似文献
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Variations of seismic mode in the region of the Avachinsky Gulf (Kamchatka, Russia) are considered. Observed anomalies (seismic quiescence, the ring seismicity, reduction of the slope of the earthquake recurrence diagram) provide a basis to consider this region as a place of strong earthquake preparation. The Kamchatka regional catalogues of earthquakes between 1962–1995 were used in the analysis. A reduced seismicity rate is observed during 10 years in an area of 150 km × 60 km in size. During the last five years, in the vicinity of the area considered, earthquakes with M > 5 occurred three times more often than the average over thirty years. It is interpreted as ring seismicity. The block of 220 km × 220~km in size, including the quiescence zone, is characterized by a continuous decrease of the recurrence diagram slope, which has reached a minimum value for the last 33 years in this region. 相似文献
17.
In the narrow offshore border zone between Germany and Denmark, 550 km of high‐density 3·5‐kHz subbottom seismic reflection profiles were recorded within a 70‐km2 area in order to reconstruct the seismic stratigraphy of late Pleistocene to early Holocene lacustrine and fluvial environments. Using detailed line drawings, seismic facies analyses and a hierarchy of bounding surfaces, a depositional unit was recognized and subdivided into subunits 4a (oblique‐parallel), 4b (mound, oblique‐tangential), 4c (sigmoid, oblique), 4d and 4e (shingled and parallel). The base of this seismic facies association defines a wide U‐shaped valley with well‐defined scours and, in the valley sides, ‘steps’ are located above deep steep‐dipping reflections. Stratigraphic control was available from 32 coring sites (5‐ to 12‐m‐deep vibrocores). Subunit 4b represents coarsening‐up silt and sand, and samples from subunit 4d show fining‐up fine sand, silt and clay. The seismic facies association is proposed to have formed by a fluvial event of short duration some time in the period between 10·3 14C ka BP and 9·0 14C ka BP. Subunits 4a to 4e represent gradually decreasing flow power. A peak flow initiated the fluvial event, after which water discharge and level fell rapidly. Subsequently, the normal background discharge from the Baltic Sea area dominated the flow style. Reflections beneath the ‘step’‐like valley side with high dip angles are interpreted as faults. This tectonic activity resulted in subsidence in the analysed area and could possibly have influenced the fluvio‐dynamic development. The seismic stratigraphic succession reveals a high‐resolution record of sediments in this area. In particular, the stepwise uncovering of the morphology of the subunits, preserved in high‐resolution seismic facies associations, is proposed as a useful tool in modelling the dynamic development of the near sea‐floor environment. 相似文献
18.
Havar Gjoystda Astound Drottning Isabelle Lecomte Mike Branston 《地学前缘》2008,15(1):123-132
根据三维地震地质模型对地震数据进行模拟是从勘探到生产的周期内决策过程中的一个不可或缺的组成部分。虽然对于在储层内的动力过程和地震地质的模型表述已经取得很大进展,但如何从这些模型得到地震数据的精确模拟仍面临很多挑战。通常是在地球模型范围内根据物性用一维褶积方法来模拟地震数据。然而这个过程一般不考虑地震勘探布局和盖层对地震信号的影响。我们审视了为什么这些因素会制约三维地球模型的有效性,并考虑了为什么需要把盖层和地震勘探布局对三维覆盖和分辨率的影响加进模拟过程之中。我们提出了一种新方法,把建立物性模型和一种新的地震模拟技术结合起来,给出一个工作流程;利用这个流程,勘探工作者可以很快模拟出三维的PSDM数据,这些数据加进了盖层和地震勘探布局对覆盖及分辨率的影响。我们利用从远离挪威海岸的一个油田得到的数据,在考虑覆盖和分辨率效应的地震数据模拟之前,对岩石物性做了一些扰动,然后进行地震数据模拟,以此来说明如何可以用这种方法提高三维地球模型的精确性和增进我们对储层的了解。 相似文献
19.
Abdelmoneam Raef 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2009,20(3)
The recent proliferation of the 3D reflection seismic method into the near-surface area of geophysical applications, especially in response to the emergence of the need to comprehensively characterize and monitor near-surface carbon dioxide sequestration in shallow saline aquifers around the world, Justifies the emphasis on cost-effective and robust quality control and assurance (QC/QA) workflow of 3D seismic data preprocessing that is suitable for near-surface applications. The main purpose of our seismic data preprocessing QC is to enable the use of appropriate header information, data that are free of noise-dominated traces, and/or flawed vertical stacking in subsequent processing steps. In this article, I provide an account of utilizing survey design specifications, noise properties, first breaks, and normal moveout for rapid and thorough graphical QC/QA diagnostics, which are easy to apply and efficient in the diagnosis of inconsistencies. A correlated vibroseis time-lapse 3D-seismic data set from n CO2-flood monitoring survey is used for demonstrating QC dlagnostles. An Important by-product of the QC workflow is establishing the number of layers for n refraction statics model in a data-driven graphical manner that capitalizes on the spatial coverage of the 3D seismic data. 相似文献
20.
Correlation Fractal and Multifractal Characteristics of Seismic Activity in the Taiwan Area, China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
XU Jiandong HUANG Jianf WEI Fuquan YAN Yunpeng LI Yaping LIN Chien-te Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing Chin Earthquake Administration of Fujian Province Fuzhou Fujian China China Aero Geophysical Survey Remote Sensing for Land Resources Beijing China Leader University Tainan Taiwan China 《《地质学报》英文版》2005,79(2):225-232
Based on the analysis of newly collected data of plate tectonics, distribution of active faults and crustal deformation, the Taiwan area is divided into two seismic regions and six seismic belts. Then, correlation fractal dimensions of all the regions and belts are calculated, and the fractal characteristics of hypocenteral distribution can be quantitatively analyzed. Finally, multifractal dimensions Dq and f(α) are calculated by using the earthquake catalog of the past 11 years in the Taiwan area. This study indicates that (1) there exists a favorable corresponding relationship between spatial images of seismic activity described with correlation fractal dimension analysis and tectonic settings; (2) the temporal structure of earthquakes is not single but multifractal fractal, and the pattern of Dq variation with time is a good indicator for predicting strong earthquake events. 相似文献