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1.
爆破工程地质灾害及其防治 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
因爆破作用而产生的诸如岩体失稳、爆破怍用方向改变、爆破飞石、爆破地震波等爆破工程地质灾害，对工程建设和环境产生了不同程度的影响，并日益受到人们的关注。基于爆破工程地质学理论研究及生产实践，作者提出爆破工程地质灾害的基本概念，系统分析爆破工程地质灾害的形成原因、机制、条件以及爆破工程地质灾害类型。在此基础上，提出了避免或减轻产生爆破工程地质灾害的具体措施。即必须重视和加强爆破工程地质勘测研究工作，正确运用爆破岩体工程地质力学原理，分析、评价爆破工程地质条件，预测爆破效果、质量及可能发生的爆破工程地质灾害，有效控制炸药能量与爆破岩体介质之间的相互作用和效果，最大限度地避免爆破工程地质灾害的产生。 相似文献
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结合深圳河水下基岩开挖控制爆破工程实例，介绍了水下控制爆破工程的爆破方案设计，爆破地震效应监测，水中爆炸冲击波监测，压缩空气气泡帷幕，减震孔排等爆破安全防护技术，以及在复杂环境条件下运用监测数据及时优化爆破参数，实现工程控制爆破信息化施工的实践。 相似文献
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粤西某水泥厂拟对该厂两条生产线进行整体爆破拆除。由于环境复杂，爆破规模大，施工难度很大，特别是双排水泥窑的高宽比小，采取常规底部立柱爆破切口难以使水泥窑顺利倾倒。通过选取合理的爆破参数，并以充分的预拆除配合，采取合理的爆破网路，安全、快速地完成了该水泥厂整体爆破拆除。同时，采取了一系列爆破危害综合控制措施，确保了爆破安全和环保作业。 相似文献
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爆破技术增加水井出水量分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文应用爆破技术，对井内爆破法爆破器的类型、用药量、爆破器长度、电爆网络、爆破应注意的事项等基本问题进行了分析，并在实践中得到应用。 相似文献
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文章介绍了南宁机务段洗修库有用一次性控制定向倒塌的拆除爆破设计及施工情况，着重论述了爆破方案的选择以及爆破高度，孔网参数，单孔装药量，炮眼布置，装药堵塞，起爆网路与起爆顺序，爆破安全距离等的设计，进而对此次爆破效果和体会进行总结和评价。 相似文献
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爆破施工对边坡稳定性影响初探 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
影响边坡稳定的因素有静力的动力的，内在的和外在的。爆破振动作为动力影响因素之一，主要表现了它的人为性和可控性特点。爆破振动对边坡的影响基本上可以由爆破技术（方式）和爆破规模加以控制。本文初步讨论了爆破振动动对边坡稳定性影响的分析方法，探讨了适于边坡稳定性分析的爆破振动破坏判据，提出减小爆破振动对边坡破坏的措施和方法。 相似文献
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新疆青河老山口地区岩浆隐蔽爆破作用、爆破角砾岩及成矿意义 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
新疆青河县二台以北老山口地区，岩浆活动频繁强烈，尤以岩浆隐蔽爆破作用的多期次发生和多种岩浆类型的爆破角岩发育为特征。经初步研究，目前至少查明有闪长玢岩质爆破角砾岩，闪斜煌斑岩质爆破角砾岩及橄辉玢岩质爆破角砾岩。它们集中发育于数平方公里的范围内，至少在国内是罕见的。在闪斜煌斑质岩爆破角岩中已有金、铜矿化的显示，扩大范围开展工作，将会有更多新的发现，对老山口一带岩浆隐蔽爆破作用及其爆破角砾岩，深入地加以研究，具有重要的理论和实际意义。 相似文献
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露天使用“气封打击爆破”，坑井使用“无炮泥反向爆破”，这一改革，在不降低爆破效果的前提下，以新的装炮方法代替旧的装炮方法，使爆破工作有所前进。 相似文献
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鹰岭油气码头峒室爆破设计与施工 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了广西地矿局地矿建设工程发展中心承担设计和施工的鹰岭峒室爆破工程，文章对爆破方案的选择，药室位置的确定，装药量的计算，非电爆破网路的设计，安全工作等作综合性介绍，药室的堵塞，采用部分药室堵塞方法和爆破法进行堵塞，为峒室爆破提供了新的经验。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献
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Michel Westphal Mikhail L. Bazhenov Jean Paul Lauer Diamar M. Pechersky Jean-Claude Sibuet 《Tectonophysics》1986,123(1-4)
We first re-examined the apparent polar wander curves for stable Eurasia and Africa since the Triassic. These curves were then combined together with curves of North and South America according to the kinematics of the Atlantic ocean and a synthetic polar wander curve was given. Then, most of the paleomagnetic results from the Tethys mobile belt, from the Atlantic to the Pamirs, were analysed.Several groups of plates, microplates and blocks can be seen. First, relatively stable regions like Maghreb and Sicily, which have not moved much. Then we have a group formed by Iberia, Sardinia, Italy and, to a lesser extent, Corsica and the Western and Central Alps. For these blocks, movements are anticlockwise rotations chiefly driven by the anticlockwise rotation of Africa, but they are sometimes stronger.To the east, a major change takes place. The north of the Aegean Sea and the Ionian zone are clockwise rotated and these rotations are recent: Oligocene-Miocene for the first part, Pliocene to the present for the second part.A major problem arises in Turkey, Caucasus and Iran. Paleomagnetic results indicate a position far to the south of Eurasia, and, at the same time, geological evidence is in favour of a position close to Eurasia. We discuss these discrepancies. 相似文献