共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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基于极限分析上限法的原理,结合随时间变化的拟动力法,考虑地震、水力和坡顶超载作用下建立含张拉裂缝的顺层岩质边坡极限分析模型,并推导出边坡安全系数的表达式。结构面采用合理的水压力分布形式,且强度参数采用非等比例折减,分析边坡前缘是否堵塞,水平和竖向地震系数、张裂缝积水深度和坡顶超载对边坡安全系数的影响。分析表明:边坡前缘堵塞、水平地震系数、张裂缝积水深度和坡顶超载的增加,降低边坡的稳定性;竖向地震系数的增加提高了边坡的稳定性。随着非等比例折减相关系数的增加,边坡稳定性显著提高。因此结构面参数的变化规律需要得到关注。 相似文献
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地震区岩石边坡的倾覆破坏及倾覆稳定性评价问题目前还较少涉及,没有相应的解析方法可供参考。基于力矩平衡原理,推导了坡顶含张裂缝的饱水岩石边坡,在水平拟静力地震荷载下的抗倾覆稳定系数解析表达式;通过变动参数的比较分析,绘制了饱水岩石边坡抗倾覆稳定系数与边坡几何要素之间的关系曲线和稳定图,进而可直接查取图表获得边坡的抗倾覆稳定性安全系数;在此基础上,提出了水平地震荷载下饱水岩石边坡的倾覆临界曲线,从而实现了快速查取工程边坡的抗倾覆安全系数和定性评判边坡的倾覆稳定状态,为地震区岩石边坡的抗倾覆稳定性评价提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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某水电站高边坡在地震作用下的稳定性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
某水电站地处地质构造活动强烈的地带,坝址区边坡BT20高度达130m,其稳定性严重影响了水电枢纽工程的安全.作者利用Msarma法中准静态地震作用原理,通过引入水平地震系数Kc分析在各种烈度地震作用下边坡的稳定性系数、边坡稳定性对地震作用的敏感性,还分析了高边坡BT20蓄水前、后在各种烈度的地震作用下的稳定性系数.通过分析可知,边坡在Ⅷ度地震作用时处于临界平衡状态,地震作用是高边坡BT20稳定的重要影响因素. 相似文献
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边坡地震稳定性分析探讨 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
传统的拟静力法和安全系数时程分析法在评价边坡地震稳定性时存在一定的局限性。在提出准确的评价边坡地震稳定性必需因素的基础上,建议对边坡地震稳定性分析方法重新进行分类。根据动力分析得到的边坡在地震作用下的破坏机制和破裂面的性质和位置,提出基于拉-剪破坏的动力时程分析法和强度折减动力分析法。第一种方法将FLAC计算得到破坏时刻的动应力施加到静力情况下边坡上,采用动力分析得到的拉-剪破裂面,结合极限平衡法求解边坡地震安全系数,是一种改进的动力有限元时程分析法;第二种方法考虑了拉-剪破坏的FLAC强度折减动力分析法,是完全动力的方法。最后通过算例分析验证了新方法的可行性,为边坡地震安全系数计算提供了一种新的思路。 相似文献
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利用有限元ABAQUS软件,模拟了人工开挖边坡,研究了降雨和地震对三叠系强风化泥岩边坡稳定性的影响。结果表明:降雨会使滑体的内摩擦角和黏聚力减小,从而使边坡安全系数急剧降低。地震对边坡的影响最大,由于边坡存在与地震波传播方向相垂直的竖向结构面,很容易发生拉裂破坏。通过设置抗滑桩支护边坡可以提高边坡的稳定性,并且在桩间距一定的条件下,随着桩径的增加,边坡安全系数稳步增长。 相似文献
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针对边坡稳定性分析及滑移面确定这一工程问题,提出一种解析法。首先根据基本假设及边坡的几何关系,建立边坡滑移面确定模型,推导出滑移面控制方程;然后基于极限平衡理论,采用解析的方法推导出与滑移面控制方程相关联的安全系数解析表达式;最后通过求解目标函数（一元函数）在定义域上的最小值,求出边坡最小安全系数及对应的临界滑移面。通过算例验证表明：本文方法的边坡稳定性分析结果与传统极限平衡条分法分析结果基本一致,最小安全系数偏差不超过±5%;本文方法所确定的临界滑移面与基于传统极限平衡条分法所广泛搜索的临界滑移面比较接近。本文方法对于高效、精准地进行边坡稳定性分析及滑移面确定具有借鉴意义。 相似文献
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下蜀土边坡地震稳定性的大型振动台试验研究（Ⅱ）——试验结果及分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
选用天然下蜀土,设计并完成了一几何相似常数为20、坡高为0.5 m、坡角为45°的模型边坡1 g大型振动台试验,通过对模型边坡动力特性、动力反应及宏观变形等三方面的研究,揭示了下蜀土边坡的地震反应机理。试验结果表明,下蜀土边坡有着稳定的一、二阶自振频率和阻尼比,随着地震动加载幅值（PGA）逐渐增大,其一阶自振频率逐渐减小,一阶阻尼比逐渐增大;坡高范围内,PGA放大系数均大于1,且自下而上逐渐增大,并在坡肩处达到最大,其在坡脚处的值小于水平方向其他位置处的值,输入El Centro波（经时间相似常数4.47压缩）时的值分别大于输入El Centro原波和Kobe波（经时间相似常数4.47压缩）时的值;随着输入PGA的增大,土体非线性特征逐渐增强,边坡也逐渐趋于失稳破坏状态;震后模型边坡坡脚、坡顶等部位出现了不同程度的裂缝,说明边坡中出现了通过坡脚的（潜在）滑动面。 相似文献
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Vertical stresses in the earth's upper crust may be evaluated by the depth times the average unit weight of the overlying rock mass; however, the horizontal stress is difficult to obtain. Rock usually contains joints or cracks, and its fracture toughness is limited. If the horizontal stress acting on a cracked rock body exceeds a certain range, the crack will propagate and lead to rock fracture; and if a cracked rock is stable, the horizontal stress must be within a certain range. Therefore, from the stability condition of cracks, the range of horizontal stress can be evaluated. In this paper, a collinear crack model is employed to establish the cracked rock stability condition, and our theoretical results generally agree with the in-situ measurement results. The theoretical results can well explain the phenomenon that the ratio of horizontal stress to vertical stress near crust surface is scattered in a wide range, but in deep zone, it is scattered in a narrow range. 相似文献
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极端冰雪条件下的顺层岩质边坡滑移稳定性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
推导了典型岩石边坡在极端冰雪条件下的滑移稳定系数的表达式;通过计算分析,揭示了岩石边坡滑移稳定系数随裂隙内水深、坡高、坡角、滑面倾角等因素变化的规律及与冻深的关系,并绘制岩石边坡滑移稳定系数与边坡几何要素之间的关系图。研究表明,当考虑极端冰雪灾害影响时,岩石边坡滑移稳定系数发生较为明显的变化：随裂隙饱水程度、坡面角、主滑面倾角的增加而降低,随主滑面抗剪强度的减小而降低;裂隙饱水程度越高、坡体高度越低、坡面角越小、主滑面倾角越大的边坡的滑移稳定系数,对裂隙冰冻胀力的反应越敏感。 相似文献
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As the economy of China develops, an increasing number of key traffic projects have been undertaken in the west of China, where there are high, steep rock slopes. The collapse of dangerous rock masses, especially following a strong earthquake, is one of common geological disasters known in rock slope engineering. Therefore, it is important to study the collapse mechanism of dangerous rock masses induced by an earthquake and the analysis approach of its stability. This study provides a simple and convenient method to determine the collapse mechanisms of two types of dangerous rock masses (i.e. cantilever and upright) associated with the definition and calculation of the safety factor, which is based on the flexure theory of a constant-section beam by combining with the maximum tensile-stress criterion to depict the process of crack propagation caused by seismic waves. The calculation results show that there are critical crack depths in each form of the dangerous rock masses. Once the accumulated depth of the crack growth during an earthquake exceeds the critical depth, the collapse will occur. It is also demonstrated that the crack extension amount of each step is not a constant value, and is closely associated with the current accumulated crack depth. The greater the cumulative crack depth, the more easily the crack propagates. Finally, the validity and applicability of the proposed method are verified through two actual engineering examples. 相似文献
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This paper deals with the problem of stability of fractured rock slope located in seismic area. The rock mass is crossed by two sets of fractures which are considered to be planar, parallel and persistent. The effects of both horizontal seismic coefficient and strength characteristics of fractures are addressed. The analysis is based upon the kinematic approach of the yield design theory and the pseudo-static method as well. The fundamental inequality of the kinematic approach is invoked and the failure of the fractured rock slope is considered through simple translational mechanism involving a one-partsliding block. Rigorous upper bounds of the so-called stability factor for the structure under study of given slope angle, strength properties of constituent materials and seismic loads are obtained. The results are presented in the form of stability charts relating the estimated upper bound solutions to the friction angle of fractures.The used procedure highlights the destabilizing effects of the seismic loadings and is capable of conducting parametric studies. Furthermore, the results obtained far from various sets of data show good performance and further research work is planed to extend the analysis to include a large number of sub-problems. 相似文献
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Periodic paddy field flooding is a major source of groundwater recharge. Many paddy fields thus are used as groundwater recharge ponds after harvesting the first crop of the summer. Following rice harvesting, paddy field surfaces may crack into fissures as a result of drainage and exposure to sunlight. Field observation indicates that applying precipitation to the paddy field can increase the rate of infiltration. To quantitatively evaluate the amount of infiltration in a cracked paddy field, this study sets up a simple soil crack model to simulate the field infiltration process. A three‐dimensional groundwater model FEMWATER is adopted to simulate water movement in the paddy field subjected to various crack conditions. Using the field and laboratory data of irrigation water requirements, soil physical properties, hydraulic conductivities and soil profiles obtained from Ten‐Chung, FEMWATER simulates the water movement in the dry cracked paddy. Simulation results show that if the cracks develop extensively and penetrate the ploughed soil, the infiltration rate may increase significantly. The infiltration fluxes of crack with depths of 80, 60 and 27·5 cm are 18·77, 14·50 and 8·06 times higher than that of 20 cm, respectively. The simulation results of cracks with 80 cm depth correlated closely with field observations. The results of the study elucidate the processes of unsaturated water movement in a dry cracked paddy field. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Hong-zhi Qiu Ji-ming Kong Ren-chao Wang Yun Cui Sen-wang Huang 《Journal of Seismology》2017,21(4):869-884
This paper uses the catastrophic landslide that occurred in Zhongxing Town, Dujiangyan City, as an example to study the formation mechanism of landslides induced by heavy rainfall in the post-Wenchuan earthquake area. The deformation characteristics of a slope under seismic loading were investigated via a shaking table test. The results show that a large number of cracks formed in the slope due to the tensile and shear forces of the vibrations, and most of the cracks had angles of approximately 45° with respect to the horizontal. A series of flume tests were performed to show how the duration and intensity of rainfall influence the responses of the shaken and non-shaken slopes. Wetting fronts were recorded under different rainfall intensities, and the depth of rainfall infiltration was greater in the shaken slope than in the non-shaken slope because the former experienced a greater extreme rainfall intensity under the same early rainfall and rainfall duration conditions. At the beginning of the rainfall infiltration experiment, the pore water pressure in the slope was negative, and settling occurred at the top of the slope. With increasing rainfall, the pore water pressure changed from negative to positive, and cracks were observed on the back surface of the slope and the shear outlet of the landslide on the front of the slope. The shaken slope was more susceptible to crack formation than the non-shaken slope under the same rainfall conditions. A comparison of the responses of the shaken and non-shaken slopes under heavy rainfall revealed that cracks formed by earthquakes provided channels for infiltration. Soil particles in the cracks of slopes were washed away, and the pore water pressure increased rapidly, especially the transient pore water pressure in the slope caused by short-term concentrated rainfall which decreased rock strength and slope stability. 相似文献
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地震诱发的海啸对沿海围护结构的破坏具有强度大的特点。滨水挡土墙作为重要的围护结构,海啸与地震的联合作用极易造成其发生绕墙踵的被动破坏。采用条分法,将土楔体分割成无数平行于破裂面的刚性土条,并建立绕墙踵转动的挡墙与刚性土条之间的速度容许场。基于极限上限理论,依据外力做功功率等于其内能耗散功率,推导了地震加速度系数的表达式。与经典极限平衡理论相比,该方法考虑了挡墙的位移模式,且无需假设地震土压力的作用位置。分析了浪高与海平面高度之比,内摩擦角φ及墙土摩擦角δ对滨水挡土墙稳定性的影响。 相似文献
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地震作用下节理岩质边坡稳定性影响因素研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
汶川地震灾害调查表明,在基岩山区地震滑塌主要发育在局部强度相对较大、节理较发育的厚层或块状岩体中.以岩石中含两组节理的岩质边坡为例,输入实际的地震记录,采用离散单元法进行数值模拟,分别探讨坡高、地震烈度、坡角及节理倾角组合对节理岩质边坡稳定性的影响.结果表明:地震作用下坡体中质点的加速度、速度具有高程放大效应;节理岩质边坡稳定性随着坡高、坡角和地震烈度的增加而降低;两组节理不同组合的岩质边坡,其稳定性变化较为复杂,受节理倾角与坡角的关系、节理的倾向、两组节理之间夹角等因素的影响.节理岩质边坡在地震作用下是受拉区逐渐向受剪区扩展而最终导致边坡失稳破坏,是受拉和受剪的复合破坏.上述初步结论为评价山区节理较发育的岩质边坡在地震作用下的稳定性提供一定的依据. 相似文献