共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川冰芯δ^18O记录的现代环境过程分析 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
据乌鲁木齐地区一个完整年周期的大气降水样品,１号冰川连续雪坑样品及浅冰芯样品的实测δ＾１８Ｏ资料,初步探讨冰芯δ＾１８Ｏ记录的形成过程的影响因素,以及δ＾１８Ｏ与气温之间的关系转变。 相似文献
2.
纳木那尼冰川是喜马拉雅山西部地区规模较大的冰川之一,也是开展冰芯气候意义研究有重要潜在价值的冰川.但由于纳木那尼冰川位于西风环流和印度季风影响范围的交界带,不同的环流系统所输送的水汽带来不同的降水稳定同位素信号.因此确定纳木那尼冰芯同位素记录的气候意义是开展该地区冰芯气候记录研究的前提条件.2008年在该冰川积累区所钻取的8.78m浅冰芯为这一研究工作提供了可能.本文对该冰芯的稳定同位素记录以及普兰气象站的气象数据进行了分析与讨论.研究结果表明,同位素的年际变化与当地普兰县气象站气温的年际变化具有较好的对应关系.这可能与当地降水受到夏季季风的影响较小有关.测量结果表明早期的深冰芯钻取点位于冰川的消融区,而冰川的积累区仍位于冰川更高的区域,而且积累区冰川厚度更大,更有可能保存更长时间尺度的冰芯记录.这也为以后开展新的纳木那尼深孔冰芯及气候意义研究提供了借鉴. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
通过乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川西支典型渗浸带内同一位置先后获取的一个3．0m和一个2．3m雪坑化学剖面的比较，发现沉积后过程不仅能够改变雪层的原始峰谷位置，且能导致不同种类化学记录间的位相差异，在利用高消融地区冰芯记录进行古气候和古环境恢复时，有必要排除沉积后 作用对雪层原始化学记录的干扰作用。 相似文献
6.
本文通过对青藏高原上所钻取的古里雅冰芯和青海都兰树轮高分辨率气候变化记录的对比,分析了过去近2 000a来的气候变化特征.结果表明:1)这两个地区过去2 000a来温度都在波动中逐渐上升,展示了气候逐渐变暖的趋势.进入20世纪以来,气候显著变暖,并有加速变暖的趋势;2)树轮和冰芯均明显地记录了小冰期的3次冷期,其出现的时间基本上一致.小冰期并不是过去2 000a来的最寒冷的时期.冰芯和树轮记录均表明公元初的寒冷程度要大于小冰期;3)古里雅冰芯所记录的温度和降水量揭示出,过去近2 000a来的降水和温度变化的总趋势是正相关关系;但在短时间尺度上,温度和降水的变化并不同步.这主要表现在两个方面,一是温度长期变化中的低频波动频率要大于降水,二是虽然温度和降水的变化在百年级时间尺度上有正相关性,但降水的变化要滞后于温度变化50～100a;4)同时周期分析表明,古里雅冰芯中的δ180和积累量以及都兰树轮记录的变化周期大多数与太阳活动有关,表明青藏高原地区冷、暖、干、湿变化的主要驱动力可能是太阳活动的变化;5)对这两记录的对比研究也揭示了气候变化的区域差异.如中世纪暖期在都兰树轮记录中很强而在古里雅冰芯记录中很弱,而都兰树轮记录中,中世纪暖期以后至1 800A.D.在波动中变冷,但在古里雅冰芯记录中这一时期在波动中变暖. 相似文献
7.
1954年以来珠穆朗玛峰地区两支冰芯记录的对比分析 总被引：7，自引：4，他引：3
根据珠穆朗玛峰(以下简称珠峰)地区远东绒布冰川和东绒布冰川两支冰芯记录的恢复,1954年以来的冰川净积累量相差达1倍以上,但两支冰芯记录均表明:20世纪60年代冰川净积累量出现急剧减少现象,印度季风系统的突变可能是造成冰川净积累量变化的主要原因.两支冰芯δ18O剖面的总体变化趋势基本相同,但研究时段内远东绒布冰芯的δ18O平均值比东绒布冰芯的相应值低3.12‰,其原因有待进一步研究.两支冰芯的主要离子浓度剖面之间也存在较明显的差异,沉积后过程是导致这一差异的原因所在. 相似文献
8.
我国中低纬度末次冰消期气候转暖 与高纬度气候变化的关系* 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
末次冰消期转暖的过程和机制一直是古气候研究的热点,然而对于末次冰消期全球气候在时间、空间上的变化以及热带低纬度地区在其中发挥的作用仍不明确。文章根据我国中低纬度地区的湖光岩玛珥湖、渭南黄土剖面和东海DGKS9603孔沉积物中的植硅体等环境指标的分析,研究了末次冰消期在这些地区的变化特点,并结合古里雅冰芯和南京葫芦洞石笋氧同位素记录与南极BYRD冰芯、北极格陵兰GRIP冰芯氧同位素记录进行了对比。结果表明,各地区转暖的时间并不同步,明显受印度洋季风或东南季风影响的古里雅、湖光岩地区是气候转暖较早的地区,格陵兰地区的快速转暖滞后于我国中低纬度转暖1.5~2.0ka以上。如何理解高纬度和热带低纬度地区气候转暖的差异性问题及其原因和机制有待于更多高分辨率气候记录研究和模型的检验。 相似文献
9.
神农架天鹅洞石笋76～58 kaB.P.时段DO事件 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
据神农架高海拔天鹅洞一支石笋9个230Th年龄和332组氧、碳同位素数据,建立了76～58 kaB.P. Dansgaard Oeschger (DO)事件时间序列,揭示了深海氧同位素4阶段(MIS4)东亚季风降水百年尺度变化过程。天鹅洞和葫芦洞石笋、格陵兰NGRIP冰芯δ18O对比显示,天鹅洞记录DO18事件暖湿程度相当于深海氧同位素3阶段(MIS3)水平,其振幅类似于格陵兰冰芯δ18O记录。起始时间上,天鹅洞记录DO18事件在710年230Th测年误差范围内和葫芦洞记录保持一致,并支持了NGRIP冰芯记录对应时标。在全球降温背景下,如此典型DO事件指示了强季风降水过程。70 kaB.P.左右,冰芯DO19事件至少老于石笋记录约950年,远大于700年左右的230Th测年误差,对老于该时段的冰芯时标需高分辨率地质记录进一步验证。69.09～64.64 kaB.P.（ DO19ˊ~18）期间,冰芯记录的百年尺度峰谷变化和天鹅洞石笋记录一一对应,反映了低纬热带海洋和北大西洋温盐环流之间耦合作用。 相似文献
10.
大气CO2浓度与温度变化的时序关系是第四纪古气候研究的基本问题之一,对于理解目前人类所面临的气候变化问题具有参考价值。两极地区的冰芯既保存了气候变化的信号,也是大气CO2浓度的良好记录载体,为研究大气CO2浓度与温度变化的时序关系提供了重要线索。利用冰芯来重建过去的气候和大气CO2浓度的变化历史最早始于格陵兰地区,但是重建结果的时间跨度较短,目前最长的记录还未能跨越末次间冰期;而且,格陵兰冰芯内沉积了大量的碳酸盐粉尘,它们会与冰芯气泡内的酸发生化学反应生成额外的CO2,从而导致格陵兰冰芯重建的气泡CO2浓度偏差较大,不能真实地反映当时的大气CO2水平。南极冰芯是目前关于大气CO2浓度与温度变化时序关系研究的主要载体,利用大量的冰芯记录建立的冰层年代标尺已经较为精确,但是由于冰芯气泡的锁定深度较难得到精确的估算,使得重建的大气CO2浓度的年代标尺还存在较大的不确定性,这是二者之间的时序关系问题难以解决的最主要因素。此外,随着大量高质量古气候记录的不断积累,更大空间范围(不再局限于南极地区)内的温度变化与大气CO2浓度的时序关系研究在近年来得以开展,但其分析结果受数据处理方法的影响较大,还需要进行更多的对比探索。 相似文献
11.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
12.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
13.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
14.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
15.
Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
16.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
20.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献