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矿产资源评价系统及其在东昆仑的应用 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
多元信息成矿预测是一种高效、高质量的找矿勘查方法,代表了当今找矿评价工作中的主流发展趋势,该方法是以成矿地质理论为指导、以地物化遥异常理论为依托、借助数学方法和计算机技术对地物化遥异常中的各种与矿床有关的信息进行量化分析,从而进行成矿预测的一种找矿勘查技术方法。本研究的重点是应用矿产资源评价系统,分析和运用研究区的地质、地球化学和地球物理信息,构造预测变量,将各种有利于矿床形成的变量进行成矿有利度得分和多源信息综合定量分析,在此基础上,综合分析东昆仑地区地质、矿产、地球物理和地球化学信息,根据已知矿床反映出的成矿规律、控矿条件及找矿标志建立找矿模型,对东昆仑地区进行了1：50万综合成矿预测,获得Sedex型矿床在东昆仑地区的成矿有利度分布,并圈定出找矿远景区。为东昆仑地区找矿预测提供了重要依据。 相似文献
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利用北衙整装勘查区1∶20万水系沉积物地球化学数据,综合分析了地层、岩浆岩、典型矿床主要成矿元素Ag、Au、Cu、Pb、Zn的富集规律,对元素分布特征、综合异常特征、相关性及异常元素组合特征进行初步研究,确定了找矿有利指标组合;通过对比北衙金矿区典型矿床成矿地质、地球化学特征,结合地层、岩浆岩等找矿标志预测北衙地区的找矿远景区。结果表明:综合区域上的地层、构造、岩浆岩和区域矿产等资料,对成矿元素异常组合进行地球化学分区是可行的,能有效反映致矿异常,突出矿化信息;根据区域单元素Au、Ag、Pb、Zn、Cu地球化学特征以及组合元素异常特征结合成矿地质背景,指出了炭窑金矿、铅锌矿找矿靶区;马鞍山北部金矿找矿靶区,为北衙整装勘查区外围找矿提供了指导作用。 相似文献
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贵州独山锑矿集区是中国泥盆系锑矿重要成矿区,成矿地质条件优越,先后在区内发现探明了1个大型、2个中型、5个小型及13个锑矿(化)点。在系统分析锑矿成矿地质特征、地球化学、地球物理、遥感影像特征基础上,总结了独山锑矿集区地层及岩性、构造、蚀变、地球化学、遥感、地球物理找矿标志。在半坡锑矿床深部找矿中,运用"CSAMT解译封闭高阻体+成矿断层"地球物理标志,结合钻探工程发现了新的隐伏锑矿体,实现了深部隐伏矿找矿突破。通过综合研究地物化遥异常信息,依据勘查标志,圈定和优选出丰坡外围、弄江—贵修—甲拜—贝达地区、维寨地区三个找矿靶区。在今后综合勘查中,通过探测技术的优化集成和老(矿)点新评,有望实现新的找矿突破。 相似文献
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勘查地球化学信息二次挖掘应用探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
勘查地球化学是隐伏、半隐伏矿，难识别矿找矿获取成矿直接信息的主要手段，是传统宏观矿化露头找矿向微观矿化露头找矿的延续，在国内外金属矿床，特别是贵金属矿床的直接或间接发现中发挥了重要作用。如何对区域化探扫面计划形成的，中国特有的区域性海量地球化学直接找矿信息进行二次挖掘? 在“国务院关于加强地质工作的决定”、信息找矿时代来临的今天尤为重要。文章以云南思茅、景洪地区为例，从地质的角度探讨了地质背景差异对地球化学信息在元素组合、异常圈定等方面的影响，据此为一线地质找矿人员充分再次挖掘已有地球化学信息抛砖引玉，以便更好的加强地球化学异常筛选评价和异常查证工作。 相似文献
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北秦岭地区是我国重要的钼金多金属成矿区,区内寺沟钨钼矿为斑岩-矽卡岩型矿床,是蟒岭岩体西缘地区发现的首个隐伏钨钼矿床,其矿床规模达到中型,目前仍在勘查中。利用地质、地球化学、地球物理多学科综合信息找矿方法,很大程度上避免了单一地质勘查方法的多解性和局限性,提高了异常解译精度和可靠性。本文在合理运用多种勘查技术方法,充分总结矿区找矿标志的基础上,建立了一套综合找矿模式:(1)借助15万水系沉积物测量初选找矿靶区;(2)大比例尺土壤地球化学测量缩小找矿靶区;(3)利用岩石地球化学剖面,配合槽探工程查明地表及浅部矿(化)体特征;(4)通过物探测深剖面布设,探索深部成矿有利空间;(5)深部钻探验证并预测找矿远景,同时利用钻探地质信息反向约束物探解译,提高解译精度并指导后续勘查工作。以寺沟钨钼矿为典型矿床,在总结地质、化探、物探等找矿标志的基础上,建立了本区斑岩-矽卡岩型钨钼矿床的地质-地球化学-地球物理综合找矿模型。该模型在矿区深部验证及外围靶区预测中取得了良好的应用效果,目前外围靶区正在进行工程验证,找矿前景良好。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献