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加卸载响应比的自然概率分布 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
从Ｇｕｔｅｎｂｅｒｇ－Ｒｉｃｈｔｅｒ的分布关系出发，以应用最多的以√Ｅ为响应量的Ｙ３为例，对模拟生成的满足Ｇ－Ｒ关系和均匀随机分布的事件探讨了加卸载响应比的自然概率分布，同时，还与首都圈地区的一组实际资料得到的自然概率进行了对比分析，结果表明，在样本量有保证的情况下，反映系统临近失稳程度的加卸载响应比Ｙ３的自然概率分布基本稳定，随机出现加卸载响应比高值的自然概率很低，因此，实际观测到的高响应经值确 相似文献
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This paper discussed the random distribution of the loading and unloading response ratio(LURR) of different definitions(Y_1～Y_5)using the assumptions that the earthquakes occurfollowing the Poisson process and their magnitudes obey the Gutenberg-Richter law.Theresults show that Y_1～Y_5 are quite stable or concentrated when the expected number of eventsin the calculation time window is relatively large(>40);but when this occurrence ratebecomes very small,Y_2～Y_5 become quite variable or unstable.That is to say,a high value ofthe LURR can be produced not only from seismicity before a large earthquake,but also from arandom sequence of earthquakes that obeys a Poisson process when the expected number ofevents in the window is too small.To check the influence of randomness in the catalogue tothe LURR,the random distribution of the LURR under Poisson models has been calculated bysimulation.90%,95% and 99% confidence ranges of Y_1 and Y_3 are given in this paper,which is helpful to quantify the random influe 相似文献
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LURR's Twenty Years and its Perspective 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Xiang-Chu Yin Lang-Ping Zhang Hui-Hui Zhang Can Yin Yucang Wang Yongxian Zhang Keyin Peng Haitao Wang Zhiping Song Huaizhong Yu Jiancang Zhuang 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2006,163(11-12):2317-2341
Seismogenic process is a nonlinear and irreversible one, so that the response to loading of a seismogenic zone is different from the unloading one. This difference reflects quantitatively the process of an earthquake preparation. A physics-based new parameter-Load/Unload Response Ratio (LURR) was proposed to measure quantitatively the proximity to a strong earthquake and then used to be an earthquake predictor. In the present paper, a brief history of LURR is recalled; inspection of real earthquake cases, numerical simulations and laboratory studies of LURR, prediction efforts in terms of LURR, probability problem of LURR and its prospect are also expatiated. 相似文献
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加卸载响应比是一种刻画震源区介质损伤程度的物理学参数,它通过随时间的变化来反映地震孕育的过程来进行地震预测。通过对1990—1999年新疆地区部分中强地震前加卸载响应比时空演化特征进行分析,并基于该理论得到孕震积分的概念应用于震例中。结果表明:中强震震前在震中附近可能存在多个高加卸载响应比值区,它们大致围成椭圆状或环状,地震通常发生在异常高值波动或减弱的过程中;异常峰值至发震时间比理论时间要短,这可能表明新疆地区构造活动剧烈,孕震周期较短。 相似文献
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加卸载响应比理论已在地震预测中得到广泛应用，但也面临挑战。本对加卸载响应比理论及方法进行了分析，并提出该理论几个可能的研究方面：(1)根据固体潮应力变化值给定每个小地震Benio盯应变在加卸载响应比计算中的权重；(2)考虑地震之前应力空间分布，确定加卸载响应比可能升高的区域形状，进而确定加卸载响应比计算中小震资料的选取范围；(3)将实测的小震震源机制与假定小震震源机制都相同时的加卸载响应比计算结果进行比较，研究测定的小震震源机制对加卸载响应比方法的改善情况；(4)研究加卸载响应比方法对不同震源机制类型地震的适用情况。 相似文献
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Statistical Tests of Load-Unload Response Ratio Signals by Lattice Solid Model: Implication to Tidal Triggering and Earthquake Prediction 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
— Statistical tests of Load-Unload Response Ratio (LURR) signals are carried in order to verify statistical robustness of the previous studies using the Lattice Solid Model (Mora et al., 2002b). In each case 24 groups of samples with the same macroscopic parameters (tidal perturbation amplitude A, period T and tectonic loading rate k) but different particle arrangements are employed. Results of uni-axial compression experiments show that before the normalized time of catastrophic failure, the ensemble average LURR value rises significantly, in agreement with the observations of high LURR prior to the large earthquakes. In shearing tests, two parameters are found to control the correlation between earthquake occurrence and tidal stress. One is, A/(k T) controlling the phase shift between the peak seismicity rate and the peak amplitude of the perturbation stress. With an increase of this parameter, the phase shift is found to decrease. Another parameter, A T/k, controls the height of the probability density function (Pdf) of modeled seismicity. As this parameter increases, the Pdf becomes sharper and narrower, indicating a strong triggering. Statistical studies of LURR signals in shearing tests also suggest that except in strong triggering cases, where LURR cannot be calculated due to poor data in unloading cycles, the larger events are more likely to occur in higher LURR periods than the smaller ones, supporting the LURR hypothesis. 相似文献
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地磁加卸载响应比方法在上海及其邻区地震研究中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文运用2000—2010年上海佘山台和崇明台地磁场Z分量所计算得到的地磁加卸载响应比资料分析了近11年地磁加卸载响应比对上海及其邻区中小地震的预测分析效果,并对原有的预测指标体系进行了完善。分析结果表明: ① 地磁加卸载响应比值在大于3.4的异常情况下,对上海及其邻区的ML≥4.0地震预测有一定的指示意义; ② 两个台站的地磁加卸载响应比值随时间的整体变化趋势与上海及其邻区地震活动性的变化有较好的对应关系; ③ 通过小波变换得到,地磁加卸载响应比值与该地区的地震活动性时间序列都存在4.5年的周期变化,且在该周期尺度上位相变化一致性较好。 相似文献
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加卸载响应比与应变能加速释放的临界现象讨论 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对发生在中国大陆地区的8次地震, 用不同的区域半径分别进行应变能释放的幂率拟合和加卸载响应比计算, 发现最佳幂率拟合的区域半径与加卸载响应比最大值所对应的区域半径的对数与地震的震级呈线性关系, 且两者具有很好的一致性, 因而认为两者之间可能具有相同的物理机制, 是孕震系统进入临界状态的不同表现形式。 相似文献
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Comparison Between LURR and State Vector Analysis Before Strong Earthquakes in Southern California Since 1980 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Yongxian Zhang Yongjia Wu Xiangchu Yin Keyin Peng Langping Zhang Aiqin Yu Xiaotao Zhang 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2008,165(3-4):737-748
There are seven strong earthquakes with M ≥ 6.5 that occurred in southern California during the period from 1980 to 2005. In this paper, these earthquakes were studied by the LURR (Load/Unload Response Ratio) method and the State Vector method to detect if there are anomalies before them. The results show that LURR anomalies appeared before 6 earthquakes out of 7 and State Vector anomalies appeared before all 7 earthquakes. For the LURR method, the interval between maximum LURR value and the forthcoming earthquake is 1 to 19 months, and the dominant mean interval is about 10.7 months. For the State Vector method, the interval between the maximum modulus of increment State Vector and the forthcoming earthquake is from 3 to 27 months, but the dominant mean interval between the occurrence time of the maximum State Vector anomaly and the forthcoming earthquake is about 4.7 months. The results also show that the minimum valid space window scale for the LURR and the State Vector is a circle with a radius of 100 km and a square of 3°×3°, respectively. These results imply that the State Vector method is more effective for short-term earthquake prediction than the LURR method, however the LURR method is more effective for location prediction than the State Vector method. 相似文献
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Yucang Wang Can Yin Peter Mora Xiang-chu Yin Keyin Peng 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2004,161(11-12):2281-2293
— The Accelerating Moment Release (AMR) preceding earthquakes with magnitude above 5 in Australia that occurred during the last 20 years was analyzed to test the Critical Point Hypothesis. Twelve earthquakes in the catalog were chosen based on a criterion for the number of nearby events. Results show that seven sequences with numerous events recorded leading up to the main earthquake exhibited accelerating moment release. Two occurred near in time and space to other earthquakes preceded by AMR. The remaining three sequences had very few events in the catalog so the lack of AMR detected in the analysis may be related to catalog incompleteness. Spatio-temporal scanning of AMR parameters shows that 80% of the areas in which AMR occurred experienced large events. In areas of similar background seismicity with no large events, 10 out of 12 cases exhibit no AMR, and two others are false alarms where AMR was observed but no large event followed. The relationship between AMR and Load-Unload Response Ratio (LURR) was studied. Both methods predict similar critical region sizes, however, the critical point time using AMR is slightly earlier than the time of the critical point LURR anomaly. 相似文献
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Simulation of the Load-Unload Response Ratio and Critical Sensitivity in the Lattice Solid Model 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
— The Load-Unload Response Ratio (LURR) method is an intermediate-term earthquake prediction approach that has shown considerable promise. It involves calculating the ratio of a specified energy release measure during loading and unloading where loading and unloading periods are determined from the earth tide induced perturbations in the Coulomb Failure Stress on optimally oriented faults. In the lead-up to large earthquakes, high LURR values are frequently observed a few months or years prior to the event. These signals may have a similar origin to the observed accelerating seismic moment release (AMR) prior to many large earthquakes or may be due to critical sensitivity of the crust when a large earthquake is imminent. As a first step towards studying the underlying physical mechanism for the LURR observations, numerical studies are conducted using the particle based lattice solid model (LSM) to determine whether LURR observations can be reproduced. The model is initialized as a heterogeneous 2-D block made up of random-sized particles bonded by elastic-brittle links. The system is subjected to uniaxial compression from rigid driving plates on the upper and lower edges of the model. Experiments are conducted using both strain and stress control to load the plates. A sinusoidal stress perturbation is added to the gradual compressional loading to simulate loading and unloading cycles and LURR is calculated. The results reproduce signals similar to those observed in earthquake prediction practice with a high LURR value followed by a sudden drop prior to macroscopic failure of the sample. The results suggest that LURR provides a good predictor for catastrophic failure in elastic-brittle systems and motivate further research to study the underlying physical mechanisms and statistical properties of high LURR values. The results provide encouragement for earthquake prediction research and the use of advanced simulation models to probe the physics of earthquakes. 相似文献
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Huai-zhong Yu Jia Cheng Xiao-tao Zhang Lang-ping Zhang Jie Liu Yong-xian Zhang 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2013,170(1-2):173-183
Prior to an earthquake, natural seismicity is correlated across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Many studies have indicated that an earthquake is hard to accurately predict by a single time-dependent precursory method. In this study, we attempt to combine four earthquake prediction methods, i.e. the Pattern Informatics (PI), Load/Unload Response Ratio (LURR), State Vector (SV), and Accelerating Moment Release (AMR) to estimate future earthquake potential. The PI technique is founded on the premise that the change in the seismicity rate is a proxy for the change in the underlying stress. We first use the PI method to quantify localized changes surrounding the epicenters of large earthquakes to objectively quantify the anomalous areas (hot spots) of the upcoming events. Next, we delineate the seismic hazard regions by integrating with regional active fault zones and small earthquake activities. Then, we further evaluate the earthquake potential in the seismic hazard regions using the LURR, SV and AMR methods. Retrospective tests of this new approach on the large earthquakes (M > 6.5) which have occurred in western China over the last 3 years show that the LURR and SV time series usually climb to an anomalously high peak months to years prior to occurrence of a large earthquake. And, the asymptote time, t c, “predicted” by the AMR method correspond to the time of the actual events. The results may suggest that the multi-methods combined approach can be a useful tool to provide stronger constraints on forecasts of the time and location of future large events. 相似文献
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加卸载响应比(LURR)理论的实验研究 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
利用大尺度岩石试件破坏声发射实验，对加卸载响应比(Load/Unload Response Ratio)理论进行了实验研究。实验采用的加载条件力求能够模拟地下岩石的复杂受力过程。在加载过程中，岩石试件内部出现的损伤用声发射技术进行了记录。实验数据经过分析之后所得的结论与加卸载响应比理论预测的结果相符合。把加卸载响应比值Y的变化情况与声发射事件定位的过程相对比，也可以进一步看出岩石材料内部的损伤发展过程与加卸载响应比Y值的变化具有一致性。而高Y值的异常情况出现，又是在材料发生最终破坏之前，所以，可以用加卸载响应比理论定量地分析岩石试件损伤演化情况，从而对岩石材料的破坏及地震做出预测。实验结果再一次验证了加卸载响应比理论。 相似文献