共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
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多种糖类添加物对秘鲁鱿鱼(Loliginidae)肌原纤维蛋白抗冻保水效果及构象变化影响研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为探索海藻糖类对于冷冻水产品的抗冻保水效果,以秘鲁鱿鱼(Loliginidae)鱼糜为研究对象,以焦磷酸钠保水处理为对照,研究海藻糖、海藻胶寡糖及海藻胶对秘鲁鱿鱼鱼糜蛋白质抗冻保水的作用效果。结果表明,–18°C冻藏6周后,1.0%海藻糖和海藻胶寡糖(500—600Da)处理效果最好,可显著降低冷冻鱿鱼鱼糜解冻汁液流失(5.00%—5.54%),其与焦磷酸钠保水效果无显著性差异(5.02%—5.48%,P0.05)。整个冻藏期内,随着冻藏时间延长,不同处理鱿鱼鱼糜盐溶性蛋白、Ca2+-ATPase活性及总巯基均呈逐渐下降趋势,其中海藻糖、海藻胶寡糖对鱿鱼鱼糜蛋白质特性的保护效果,显著优于蒸馏水、焦磷酸钠处理(P0.05)。本研究可为开发一种安全、高效、节能、环保,适用于冷冻鱿鱼的海藻糖类抗冻保水剂提供参考。 相似文献
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酵母海藻糖的代谢与调控研究进展 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
海藻糖(Trehalose)是化学性质稳定的非还原性二糖,由2个吡喃葡萄糖分子通过α-1,1-糖苷键连接而成,海藻糖独特的物理特性使其在细胞中可起到稳定生物大分子的作用,因而在化妆品、医药和食品等工业领域中有极好的应用前景。在酵母菌中海藻糖可作为储藏碳水化合物和细胞应激反应保护剂。当环境条件变化时细胞内海藻糖含量会发生显著变化,而海藻糖的积累已被证实在不同胁迫应答中起关键作用,海藻糖代谢途径仅有几个代谢物组成,却受到复杂的代谢调控机制的控制。此外,海藻糖代谢在酵母菌的糖代谢中还起了非常重要的调控作用。 相似文献
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非还原性二糖海藻糖及其代谢物是调控植物生长发育和逆境响应的信号分子。本研究以大型海藻龙须菜(Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis)为对象,从基因转录、蛋白和酶活性3个水平探讨了海藻糖合成酶——海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶(TPS)对高温、高盐及渗透胁迫的响应。龙须菜中4条TPS序列均具有TPS家族保守结构域(Glyco-transf-20)和TPP家族保守结构域(Trehalose-PPase),且属于Class I亚家族。在转录水平上,高盐胁迫主要促进了TPS1、TPS2和TPS4基因的表达,而渗透胁迫则总体抑制了TPS1、TPS2和TPS3基因的表达。在高盐胁迫48 h时, TPS1蛋白含量升高到对照组的2.03倍。在高温和高盐胁迫24 h时, TPS活性升高,而在高盐胁迫48 h及渗透胁迫条件下酶活性降低。可见海藻糖-6-磷酸合成酶参与了龙须菜抗高温和高盐胁迫的应答,但对渗透胁迫不敏感。该研究为提高龙须菜抗逆性及培育抗逆龙须菜品种提供了参考。 相似文献
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在纤毛虫的分子生物学研究中,单细胞基因组DNA的微量提取是后续基因分析的关键。本研究以海洋纤毛虫红色伪角毛虫为材料,采用直接取完整虫体、裂解法以及3种改良后的试剂盒微量提取DNA方法,分别提取了新鲜样品与4种不同方法保存样品的基因组DNA,比较了9种组合在PCR产物质量、提取所需时间、成本及便捷性方面的优劣,并进一步比较、讨论和探索了4种样品保存方法和5种DNA微量提取方法在纤毛虫单细胞基因组PCR扩增中的可行性。本工作旨在为后续的纤毛虫分子生物学研究提供可资借鉴的技术路线和方法。 相似文献
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蓝细菌是一类能进行光合作用的原核微生物,其分布广泛,环境适应力强.在盐胁迫环境下,蓝细菌能迅速合成小分子相容性物质,如甘油葡糖苷、蔗糖、海藻糖等,用以抵抗外界的高盐逆境.由于这些相容物在功能食品、美容保湿、发酵原料供给等方面展现出良好的应用潜力,近年来,利用基因工程技术提高蓝细菌相容性物质的合成能力受到业界的关注,多种... 相似文献
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绿藻水溶性多糖的研究概况和进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对近年来绿藻多糖的提纯方法、组成结构及应用的研究进展进行了综述。绿藻多糖的提纯需要经过样品的前处理、提取和精制三个步骤,提取方法包括酸提、酶提、加入钙螯合剂提取、微波及超声波辅助提取。绿藻多糖是水溶性的硫酸化杂多糖。从石莼(Ulva)、浒苔(Enteromorpha)、礁膜(Monostroma)、小球藻(Chlorella)、蕨菜(Bracken)及刚毛藻(Bristles)中提取的多糖的化学组成及结构特征各不相同,而且多糖的化学组成和结构特征受提取方式的影响。绿藻多糖的生物相容性、生物可降解性及抗氧化、抗肿瘤、抗凝血、抗炎、免疫调节等多种生物活性使其在食品、医药、化妆品及农业中具有广泛的应用。有关绿藻多糖的精确结构、提纯方法及化学修饰的进一步研究将使绿藻多糖的应用更加广泛。 相似文献
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该研究是继天然长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)黑色素的提取、可溶性长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)黑色素的制备之后,对牡蛎黑色素提纯方面的进一步拓展和延伸。运用半透化学材料分离的方法,选取纳滤透析膜为分离介质,对可溶性长牡蛎黑色素的制取产物中多余的盐类无机物进行分离剔除,进而得到纯度较高、品质优良的可溶性长牡蛎黑色素晶体,通过称质量和盐度测量,计算得出该方法对黑色素脱盐率达到98%,证明了该方法可以进行贝类黑色素的脱盐处理工作。 相似文献
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WAN Mengfei LIU Zhongdong CHEN Yongfu LU Caiyuan LI Kechang WANG Fahe WANG Xiaomei LIU Boxiang 《海洋湖沼学报（英文）》2019,(3):892-897
Octenylsuccinate starch ester,also called pure gum,is non-toxic and odourless modified starch which is widely used in many food fields.This study synthesized pure gum in a reaction kettle using the low molecular weight trehalose and octenyl succinic acid.An orthogonal test was carried out to find how the reaction factors aff ect the synthetization of octenylsuccinic acid polysaccharide ester and to optimize the reaction at single factor level.The optimal products were obtained using 1:2 of octenylsuccinic acid:alginic acid,catalysed by 0.1% p-toluenesulfonic acid catalyst for 1.5h at 200℃ under vacuum conditions.The gained product contains up to 46%of seaweed gel monoesters.The degree of esterification of the polysaccharide is controlled by the use of the small-molecule trehalose.Compared with the traditional methods,our process can reduce raw material cost and improve emulsification stability of pure gum.These all can significantly improve the market competitiveness of pure gum products. 相似文献
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Chandralata Raghukumar G. Sheelu P. A. Loka Bharathi Shanta Nair C. Mohandass 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):1-16
In order to assess the impact of deep-sea mining on the in situ benthic life, we measured the microbial standing stock and concentration of organic nutrients in the deep-sea sediments of the Central Indian Ocean Basin in the Indian pioneer area. Sediments were collected using box core and grab samples during September 1996. The total bacterial numbers ranged from 10 10 -10 11 cells per g -1 dry weight sediment. There was a marginal decrease in the number of bacteria from surface to 30 cm depth, though the subsurface section registered a higher number than did the surface. The highest numbers were encountered at depths of 4-8 cm. The retrievable number of bacteria were two orders less in comparison with the direct total counts of bacteria. An almost homogeneous distribution of bacteria, total organic carbon, living biomass, and lipids throughout the depth of cores indicates active microbial and benthic processes in the deep sea sediments. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of total counts of bacteria, carbohydrates, and total organic carbon in all the cores indicates their stable nature and suggests that they can serve as useful parameters for long-term monitoring of the area after the benthic disturbance. Further studies on temporal variability in this region would not only verify the observed norms of distribution of these variables but would also help to understand restabilization processes after the simulated benthic disturbance. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Geoacoustic Inversion via Genetic Algorithm and Its Application to Manganese Sediment Identification
An acoustic inversion method using a wide-band signal and two near field receivers is proposed and applied to multiple layered seabed models including a manganese sediment. The inversion problem can be formulated into a probabilistic model comprised of signals, a forward model, and additive noise. The forward model simulates wide-band signals, such as chirp signals, and is chosen to be the source-waveletconvolution plane wave modeling method. The wavelet matching technique, using weighted least-squares fitting, estimates the sediment sound-speed and thickness on which determination of the possible numerical ranges for a priori uniform distribution is based. The genetic algorithm is applied to a global optimization problem to find a maximum a posteriori solution for determined a priori search space. Here the object function is defined by an L 2 norm of the difference between measured and modeled signals. Not only the marginal pdf but also its statistics are calculated by numerical evaluation of integrals using the samples selected during importance sampling process of the genetic algorithm. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献