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1.
Zhu Ge-yan 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1996,14(4):308-315
The composition and distribution of benthic, periphytic and planktonic rotifers in different habitats in Krottensee were investigated.
Sixty-five rotifer taxa were identified, their relative abundance estimated.
Classification of the data set by cluster analysis allowed the recognition of distinct habitat groups confined to acid bog
ponds, macrophytes, sediments and open water. Five groups of rotifer taxa were identified on the basis of their habitat preferences
and the occurrence of the taxa. Highest diversities were found on macrophytes and in acid bog ponds. 相似文献
2.
黄祥飞 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1997,15(2):181-185
Ofmorethan9OtaxaoftheRottherafoundinD0nghuLakeanditSnearbypondsinWuhan,Hubei,severalwerenewtaxaandl2fustamrdedfromChina(Sudzuki,l995).OIily7newtaxaaredescribedinthispaper.MareRIusroMErnODSSamP1eswercolleCtedbyustogetherwithmemersoftheD0nghuLakeExperi-mentalStation,ChineseAcadeTnyofSdenas,usingr0utinemethodsduringSept.14-l6,l994fromStationsI-IlIofD0nghuLake(i.e.,IfShuigu0Lake,IIfGuochengLake,IIIfTanglinhakeandthefouropch)srnallpondsofboththeInstituteofHydrobiologyandtheriverd… 相似文献
3.
Based on Landsat TM images, we explored the pattern of variation of suitable waterbird habitats from 1990 to 2008 in the Dongtan area of Chongming Island at the Changjiang (Yangtze) River mouth. By applying our highly accurate indicator model (R=0.999, P<0.01), we quantified the variations of fluctuation intensity for local waterbird habitats during 1990-2008, and for the main waterbird groups (Anatidae, Charadriidae, Ardeidae and Laridae) from 2006 to 2008, to evaluate the impact of habitat quantity change on the waterbird habitat status and the population dynamics of the different waterbird groups. The results show that the aquaculture ponds (AP) and the Scirpus mariqueter zone (SMZ) underwent drastic habitat changes during certain periods (AP: 1997-2000, 2000-2003, 2005-2008; SMZ: 1997-2000), and the fluctuation intensity differed among habitat types in the order AP>SMZ>TSH (total suitable habitat)>BSA (bare mud flat and shallow water area). The abandonment of tracts of aquaculture ponds in Dongtan in mid-2006 brought about an intensive population fluctuation, caused by rapidly changing habitat with the population expanding to adjacent areas. At present, Anatidae and Ardeidae are threatened in the Dongtan area with declining populations because of their very "picky" habitat requirements (i.e., high reliance on AP). The Charadriidae experienced enormous population declines in the late 1990s, however, they have since recovered to normal levels as habitat change has stabilized. Our findings suggest that the current challenges for habitat management are the protection and stabilization of AP and SMZ habitats. 相似文献
4.
Response of rotifer community to environmental changes in five shallow lakes in the middle reach of Changjiang River,China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
We evaluated the response of a rotifer community to environmental changes in five shallow lakes in the middle reach of the Changjiang （Yangtze） River in summer and autumn 2010. These five lakes differed in trophic status and rotifer community structure. Twenty-nine rotifer species were collected, of which Keratella cochlearis, Polyarthra dolichoptera, and Trichocerca elongate were dominant. The mean density, Shannon-Wiener diversity, and equitability among the five lakes differed significantly （P〈0.05）. The mean rotifer density was positively correlated with trophic state. The diversity was higher in lakes with high macrophyte coverage. The composition of rotifer species was closely associated with the trophic gradient. Five environmental variables, Secchi depth, conductivity, TN, NHa-N, and TP, significantly affected the composition of rotifer species. Keratella quadrata, Brachionus calyciflorus, and B. forficula were more common in eutrophic conditions. Our results suggest that eutrophication has a significant influence on the rotifer community structure and highlight the potential for using rotifer community structure as an indicator of trophic status in subtropical lakes. 相似文献
5.
KAYA Murat ALTINDAG Ahmet 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2007,25(4):423-426
Thirteen rotifer species belonging to the families Lepadellidae and Trichocercidae were studied taxonomically from nine water bodies in Turkey. Lepadella biloba is a new entry to the Turkish rotifer fauna. All species were drawn under a light microscope using a camera lucida. 相似文献
6.
从徐闻珊瑚保护区的8种珊瑚中分离共附生真菌,以获得珊瑚共附生可培养真菌的多样性信息。选用5种培养基,采用平板涂布法培养分离共附生真菌,并进行形态鉴定。8种珊瑚共分离121株真菌,鉴定了其中97株真菌,分属于14个属,青霉属和枝孢霉为优势种属,其次是曲霉属和木霉属。二异角孔珊瑚上分离出22株,数量最多;盔型珊瑚上分离菌株数量最少仅8株。除优势种属外,不同珊瑚样品上真菌种类分布有较大差异,炭角菌属和葡萄穗霉菌属均来源于盔形珊瑚,镰刀菌属在盔形珊瑚和角孔珊瑚上较为常见,盔形珊瑚样品上还分离出2株散囊菌属,1株节菱孢属,因此盔形珊瑚的种群最为丰富;不同培养基分离真菌的能力不同,淀粉培养基分离的菌株最多占所有分离菌株的30.6%,CDA培养基最少,但种类特异。 相似文献
7.
广西晚二叠世成煤模式划分为“两类三型”,即泥炭沼泽成煤模式和泥炭坪成煤模式两类,沼泽型、潮坪型和泥炭坪型等三型。文章阐述了这些成煤模式在吴家坪期和长兴期形成的特征,分布状况,以及代表煤层,指出潮坪型是广西晚二叠世时期最主要的成煤模式。 相似文献
8.
This paper deals with a new system of aquaculture, i.e., a closed recirculating system for shrimp-mollusk polyculture. The culture system consisted of several shrimp ponds, a mollusk water-purifying pond and a reservoir. During the production cycle, water circulated between the shrimp and mollusk ponds, and the reservoir compensated for water loss from seepage and evaporation. Constricted tagelus, Sinonovacula constricta, was selected as the cultured mollusk, and Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, as the cultured shrimp. The main managing measures during the production cycle were： setting and using the aerators; introducing the probiotic products timely into the shrimp ponds; adopting a “pen-closing” method for controlling shrimp viral epidemics; setting the flow diversion barriers in the mollusk pond to keep the circulating water flowing through the pond along a sine-like curve and serve as substrate for biofilm; no direct feeding was necessary for the cultured mollusk until the co-cultured shrimp was harvested; natural foods in the water from the shrimp ponds was used for their foods. Two sets of the system were used in the experiment in 2002 and satisfactory results were achieved. The average yield of the shrimp was 11 943.5 kg/hm^2, and that of the mollusk was 16 965 kg/hm^2. After converting the mollusk yield into shrimp yield at their market price ratio, the food coefficient of the entire system averaged at as low as 0.81. The water quality in the ponds was maintained at a desirable level and no viral epidemics were discovered during the production cycle. 相似文献
9.
The toxicity of seven major HAB (harmful algal bloom) species/strains, Prorocentrum donghaiense, Phaeocystis globosa, Prorocentrum micans, Alexandrium tamarense (AT-6, non-PSP producer), Alexandrium lusitanicum, Alexandrum tamarense (ATHK) and Heterosigma akashiwo were studied against rotifer Brachionus plicatilis under laboratory conditions. The results show that P. donghaiense, P. globosa, P. micans, A. tamarense (AT-6), or A. lusitanicum could maintain the individual survival and reproduction, as well as the population increase of the rotifer, but the individual reproduction would decrease when exposed to these five algae at higher densities for nine days; H. akashiwo could decrease the individual survival and reproduction, as well as population increase of the rotifer, which is similar to that of the starvation group, indicating that starvation might be its one lethal factor except for the algal toxins; A. tamarense (ATHK) has strong lethal effect on the rotifer with 48h LC50 at 800 cells/mL. The experiment on ingestion ability indicated by gut pigment change shows that P.donghaiense, P. globosa, P. micans, A. tamarense (AT-6) and A. lusitanicum can be taken by the rotifers as food, but A. tamarense (ATHK) or H. akashiwo can be ingested by the rotifers. The results indicate that all the indexes of individual survival and reproduction, population increase, gut pigment change of the rotifers are good and convenient to be used to reflect the toxicities of HAB species. Therefore, rotifer is suggested as one of the toxicity testing organisms in detecting the toxicity of harmful algae. 相似文献
10.
采用批量培育法研究了在面包酵母悬浮液中添加不同浓度的脂溶性维生素对褶皱臂尾轮虫（Ｂｒａｃｂｉｏｎｕｓｐｌｉｃａｔｉｌｉｓ）增殖率的影响。结果表明：面包酵母对褶皱臂尾轮虫的生长繁殖是有营养缺陷的。在面包酵母悬浮液中．当添加维生素Ａ为０．０２～５．００μｇ／ｍｌ时，随着添加浓度的增大，轮虫的种群增殖率Ｒ值也增大。以添加５．００μｇ／ｍｌ为最佳，第４天的Ｒ值达０．７５，是对照组的５．６倍。添加维生素Ｄ０．００５～０．２０μｇ／ｍｌ对轮虫的增殖有一定促进作用，以添加０．０５μｇ／ｍｌ为最佳，第７天的Ｒ值为０．４０７，是对照组的２．７倍。添加维生素Ｅ０．００１～０．０１μｇ／ｍｌ和添加维生素Ｋ０．０１～０．１０μｇ／ｍｌ时，第４天的Ｒ值与对照组无差异。 相似文献
11.
Studies of community structure and seasonal dynamics of planktonic copepods in saline-alkaline ponds 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstracts Species abundance and seasonal succession of copepods in saline-alkaline ponds were studied in Zhaodian Fish Farm, Gaoqing County, Shandong Province, from 5 April 1997 to 1 September 1998. The results indicated that in the conditions of salinity ranging from 1.36 to 20 g/L, total alkalinity changing from 2.4 to 7.2 mmol/L and pH 8-9, zooplankton in saline-alkaline ponds was composed of freshwater salt-tolerated species or halophile species, some of which are halobiont species and usually occurs in freshwater. In our study, copepods were predominant in many fish-culture ponds and all control ponds without fishes in spring, late autumn and early winter. Dominant species of copepods were Sinocalanus tenellus, Cyclops vicinus, Thermocyclops taihokuensis. The biomass of copepods in the control ponds without fishes was higher than that of the fish-culture ponds. 相似文献
12.
Ciliated protozoa play important roles in micro-ecosystems, especially in marine biotopes. However, few studies have been carried out on the periphytic, or aufwuch, forms in mariculture waters so far. In this study, we sampled periphytic ciliate communities in two closed mariculture ponds (ponds CP1 and CP2) and a natural seawater reservoir (pond RP) using a glass slide method to evaluate their colonizing processes and general ecological features, as well as their application as water quality indicators. We analyzed species compositions, structural parameters (species number, richness, diversity, evenness, abundance and dBP) and functional parameters (G, Seq and T90%). Pond RP was characterized by higher levels of structural parameters (except for abundance and dBP) and more equal proportion of the major taxonomic groups. The values of Seq were significantly higher in pond RP and similar in both pond CP1 and CP2. It was also demonstrated that environmental factors, including NO2-H, NO3-H, NH3-H, soluble reactive phosphate, temperature and pH, were the first principal factors affecting the communities. Among them, temperature and chemical factors were all significantly and negatively correlated with species number (P<0.01), richness (P<0.01), diversity (P<0.01), and positive correlated with abundance (P<0.01). Opposite correlations between pH and structural parameters were observed. This study showed that there were significant differences in species composition, structural parameters and functional parameters of the periphytic ciliate communities among the ponds, which were in agreement with the water quality. Results of this study confirmed the periphytic ciliate communities to be useful bioindicators of water quality in intensive mariculture waters. 相似文献
13.
Remote Monitoring of Expansion of Aquaculture Ponds Along Coastal Region of the Yellow River Delta from 1983 to 2015 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Chunying Ren Zongming Wang Bai Zhang Lin Li Lin Chen Kaishan Song Mingming Jia 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2018,28(3):430-442
Aquaculture ponds are one of the fastest-growing land use types in valuable and fertile coastal areas and have caused serious environmental problems. Quantitative assessment of the extent, spatial distribution, and dynamics of aquaculture ponds is of utmost importance for sustainable economic development and scientific management of land and water resources in the coastal area. An object-oriented classification approach was applied to Landsat images acquired over three decades to investigate the long-term change of aquaculture ponds in the coastal region of the Yellow River Delta. The results indicated that the aquaculture ponds in the study area undergone a sharp expansion from 40.38 km~2 in 1983 to 1406.89 km~2 in 2015, and the fast expansion occurred during the period of 2010–2015 and 1990–2000. Natural wetlands, especially mudflat, and cropland were main land use types contributing to the increase of aquaculture ponds. The patches of aquaculture ponds were consequently prevalence in the north of the Yellow River Estuary and landscape metrics indicated an increase of the aquaculture ponds of the study area in the quantity and complexity. The expansion of aquaculture ponds inevitably had negative effects on the coastal environment, including loss of natural wetlands, water pollution and land subsidence, etc. The results from this study provide baseline data and valuable information for efficiently planning and managing aquaculture practices and for effectively implementing adequate regulations and protection measures. 相似文献
14.
研究了湛江东海岛3种不同养殖模式虾池弧菌对抗菌药物的耐药性,并对虾池水域环境的水温、盐度、DO、pH、叶绿素a、DOC、无机氮、无机磷、硅酸盐、细菌总数和弧菌数量变化进行了监测和评价。结果表明,调查的三个虾池的弧菌对万古霉素产生耐药性,高位新池和传统精养池的弧菌对利福平产生耐药性,对其他抗菌药尚未形成耐性,3个虾池的弧菌对恩诺沙星和氯霉素高度敏感,传统精养池和天然虾池的弧菌对复方新诺明、庆大霉素、TMP和环丙沙星高度敏感;在水平差异上,高位新池的弧菌比传统精养池和天然虾池对12种抗菌药更具耐药性,同时多重耐药菌株在高位新池中出现,可能与虾苗来源和配合饲料中添加了抗菌药物有关。水质监测结果表明,养殖过程中,虾池水域环境逐渐富营养化,无机氮和Chla超过富营养化阈值,细菌总数增加;两个精养池的水体富营养化程度高于天然虾池;调查期间的弧菌数量在对虾发病的感染剂量阈值范围之内,尚无弧菌病害发生的潜在危险。 相似文献
15.
有效微生物菌群对养虾水体细菌生态和水质的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黄永春 《广东海洋大学学报》2009,29(1)
研究有效微生物菌群(EM)对养虾水体中异养细菌、弧菌、光合细菌、放线菌的数量以及水体水质的影响。结果表明,在养殖池中添加EM,对水体中的异养细菌、弧菌、光合细菌及放线菌的数量均有显著影响:实验组异养细菌数量比传统对照池减少40.0%,弧菌数量减少7.8%,光合细菌数量增加98.2%,放线菌数量增加99.2%。EM能改良水质条件,与对照组相比,实验组溶解氧提高11.0%,COD降低8.0%,氨氮含量降低20.7%,亚硝酸氮含量降低10.0%。另外,实验组对虾成活率比对照组提高23.08%,饵料系数下降9.4%,利润提高了16.11%。 相似文献
16.
The temporal and spatial distributions of zooplankton communities in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Xin＇anjiang Reservoir, Zhejiang, China, were investigated monthly, between 2009 and 2010. Silver carp （Hypophthalmichthys moBtrix） and bighead carp （Aristichthys nobilis） dominated the pelagic fish community of this large, deep reservoir. Cladocerans were distributed evenly throughout the reservoir. Rotifers were mainly found in the upper reaches, while copepods tended to assemble in the lower reaches. The Pearson correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression were used to identify the major physicochemical gradients influencing community variations. Zooplankton community distributions were influenced by water temperature, dissolved oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, and silicon. Excess nutrients, in particular silicon, stimulated rotifer growth. Based on these findings, it is possible to use rotifer density as a bioindicator of eutrophic status in deep reservoir ecosystems. 相似文献
17.
Large numbers of rotifer eggs from sediment resting egg banks may hatch simultaneously under appropriate conditions;therefore,natural populations are likely to be multiclonal in a growing season.A recent field investigation showed that subordinate and ephemeral clones were able to establish populations in an environment with several strongly dominant clone populations.However,it was not clear how the subordinate populations maintained their growth under these conditions where the crowding signal would induce high levels of sexual reproduction in the dominant clone populations.In the present study,we conducted a continuous passage to 60 generations for new populations at three different temperatures(15°C,25°C,and 35°C).These populations emerged from resting eggs produced by a clone population.At the first,30th,and 60th generations,the populations were sampled and fitness was assayed using the life-table method.We found a significant short-term fitness advantage for populations newly emerged from resting eggs produced by a clone population of the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus,followed by a significant decrease in relative fitness with long-term continuous passage.Our results suggested that the early shortterm fitness advantage was important for later-hatched and subordinate clone populations in an environment with multiple sympatric clones.The early short-term fitness might also promote the coexistence of sympatric clones because it could help to offset the cost of early sexual reproduction. 相似文献
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ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＲｅｓｔｉｎｇｅｇｇｓ,ｔｈｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｏｆｓｅｘｕａｌ(ｍｉｃｔｉｃ)ｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｍｏｎｏｇｏｎｏｎｔｒｏｔｉｆｅｒｓｌｉｋｅＢｒａｃｈｉｏ ｎｕｓｐｌｉｃａｔｉｌｉｓｏｒＢ .ｒｏｔｕｎｄｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ,ｃａｎｂｅｒｅａｄｉｌｙｓｔｏｒｅｄａｎｄｕｓｅｄｗｈｅｎｎｅｅｄｅｄｔｏｓｔａｒｔｍａｓｓｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｓｆｏｒｔｈｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｌｉｖｅｆｏｏｄｓｆｏｒｌａｒｖｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｏｆｍａｒｉｎｅｆｉｓｈｅｓａｎｄｃｒｕｓｔａｃｅａｎｓ.Ｔｈｅ… 相似文献