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1.
黑Jun生态生长效率周年变化的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
于１９８３年１２月－１９８４年５月和１９９０年６月－１９９１年１月以中国科学院海洋研究所生物培育楼养殖黑Ｊｕｎ为材料，进行黑Ｊｕｎ周年的摄食－生长实验，以探讨其生态生长效率变化规律。结果表明，作为冷温性鱼，黑Ｊｕｎ在４．０－２７．３℃水温条件下都有摄食；平均日摄食量为２．４－１０．０ｇ，相对体重的百分比为１．１％－４．４％，这二者的周年变化趋势基本一致；平均体重日增长量以４，６，７月和１０－１２月 相似文献
2.
春季生殖真鲷仔、稚、幼鱼的摄食与生长 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
１９９６年５￣６月份在本院海水育苗试验场对人工培养的春季生殖真鲷仔、稚、幼鱼的摄食和生长特性进行分析,旨在为该种群早期发育阶段的生物学积累资料,并为开展大批量苗种生产提供依据。结果表明,在水温在２３℃时,仔鱼约经５５￣６０ｈ左右开口摄食,开口饵料为小型臂尾轮虫。以后随着鱼体的生长（〉１０ｍｍ）,摄食桡足类的比例迅速增加。对２８５尾仔、稚、幼鱼观察,在实验条件下,其摄食率达１００％。摄食量约占体重的 相似文献
3.
采用６种饵料分别投喂花尾胡椒鲷１５日龄的仔鱼,１５ｄ后测定其成活率、全长、体重和捕苗操作后１ｄ的死亡率。结果表明,投喂经自制的乳化鱼肝油强化的卤虫无节幼体或经自制的乳化鱼肝油强化的卤虫无节幼体加轮虫,花尾胡椒鲷仔稚鱼的成活率最高（８６％￣９８％）,生长快,捕苗操作后的死亡率低（０％￣２．７％）;投喂轮虫,花尾胡椒鲷仔稚鱼的成活率也较高（８６％￣８８％）,但捕苗操作后的死亡率较高（５．９％￣９．１％ 相似文献
4.
5.
欧洲鳗鲡膨化颗粒饲料养殖试验 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本实验用“海马”牌幼鳗膨化颗粒饲料和幼鳗粉状饲料进行了为期４９ｄ的欧洲鳗鲡养殖对比试验,结果表明,膨化颗粒饲料具有良好的适口性和较高的饲料效率（７０．８％）,可保证鳗于的正常摄食和生长,并能降低养殖用饲料成本,减轻对水质的污染,提高鳗鱼生长的均匀度。 相似文献
6.
鳗饲料添加螺旋藻粉的养殖效果 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文报道了用Ｓｐｉｒｕｌｉｎａ ｐｌａｔｅｎｓｉｓ粉添加于“厦清”、“大昌”牌养鳗饲料中喂养日本鳗苗的试验。结果表明,添加该藻粉２．０％喂养僵鳗３０ｄ,其饲料系数比对照组均下降,降幅为２１．２％￣５３．７％,鳗增重倍数提高０．０２９￣０．１７１;添加该藻粉２．５％￣２．０％喂养正常幼鳗１１８ｄ,其饲料系数分别降低０．０７４￣０．２３４和０．０２４￣０．１８１,且鳗个体均匀,规格较大。 相似文献
7.
南极普里兹注湾边缘浮冰区微型浮游动物的摄食及其氮的排泄 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
于１９９８－１９９９年夏季在南极普里兹湾边缘浮冰区利用稀释培养实验进行了微型浮游植物的摄食场现实验研究,同时对微型浮动物的氨氨产生率进行了推算,结果一同型浮洲 物的日摄食量为５．１－２５．０ｍｇＣ／（ｍ＾３．ｄ）,占浮游植物现存量的１０％－６５％,对初级生产力的摄食压力也较大（３４％－１００％）。利用微型浮游动物的摄食率推算得出其氨产生率为０．４４－１．７５ｍｇ／（ｍ＾３．ｄ）,达到维持现场初级生产所需氨氮的６．８％－５３．６％,由此可见,微型浮游动物在南极季边缘浮冰区海洋生态系统中,特别是对浮植物的生产和归宿起着十分重要的控制作用。 相似文献
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9.
斜带石斑鱼仔、稚鱼的摄食与生长特性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
据2005年10～12月，在集美大学水产学院海水育苗试验场的试验数据，采用生态学方法对人工培育的斜带石斑鱼仔、稚鱼的摄食习性与生长特性进行了分析．结果表明，在水温为26．5～28．5℃时，仔鱼在孵出第4天开口摄食，开口饵料为牡蛎受精卵和担轮幼虫．以后随着鱼体的生长，依次投喂臂尾轮虫、卤虫无节幼体、桡足类、鱼糜．对422尾仔、稚鱼观察结果表明，其摄食率达95．1％，消化道饱满系数波动在0．96％～34．15％之间，日摄食指数在45．83％～82．08％之间，其摄食具有明显的昼夜节律，仔鱼摄食高峰出现在11：00和15：00，稚鱼摄食高峰出现在13：00和17：00，仔、稚鱼夜间基本不摄食．对较大个体的饵料生物有明显的选择性．摄食量（Y）与体重（形）的关系式为Y=0．017W＋0．198，全长（LT）与日龄（D）的关系式为Lr=2．229e^0.038D，体重（形）与日龄（D）的关系式为形=0．063e^0.130D，全长（LT）与体重（形）的回归方程为W=0．0047LT^3.319． 相似文献
10.
中国对虾日摄食节律的试验观察 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
研究外界环境因子对对虾的影响已引起人们的关注，国内外学者对环境因子与对虾生理活动的关系做了不少研究。而有关环境因子对中国对虾（Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）摄食和生长方面的研究较少。本文对中国对虾的日摄食节律进行了观察，并研究了浮游植物环境、温度、光照、日投饵次数等因子对中国对虾摄食和生长的影响。１ 材料与方法１．１ 中国对虾日摄食节律的观察在６个底面积为１３ｍ２的水泥池中，放养平均体长为７．８８ｃｍ的中国对虾５３９尾，池底铺有２０ｃｍ厚的底泥。使用直径３０ｃｍ的饵料盘投喂配合饵料，将饵料盘… 相似文献
11.
黑鲪生态生长效率周年变化的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
于1983年12月-1984年5月和1990年6月-1991年1月以中国科学院海样研究所生物培育楼养殖黑为材料，进行黑周年的摄食-生长实验，以探讨其生态生长效率变化规律。结果表明，作为冷温性鱼，黑在4．0－27．3℃水温条件下都有摄食；平均日摄含量为2．4－10．0g，相对体重的百分比为1．1%-4.4%．单见，这二者的周年变化趋势基本一致；平均体重日增长量以4，6，7月和10－12月份较高。生态生长效率波动于6．5%-34．7%范围内，年平均为16．7％。 相似文献
12.
The food consumption and ecological conversion efficiency of a species marine pelagic andsmall size fish, Hyporhamphus sajori, were determined by using in situ stomach content method presented by Eggers. The results showed that: (1) the fish was taken in food all day, so empty-stomach rate was very low, taking up about 4.5% of the total determined fish number. However, the fish still has significant daily feeding rhythm. A feeding peak was found 0:00 o'clock at night, but feeding level was always high in the daytime; (2) relationship between instantaneous food content in stomach and corresponding time could be described as S_t = a ·e ~(-b ·t). There was not significant difference of instantaneous gastric evacuation rate between two determinations, with average value being 0.13 × 10~(-2)g/ (g·d) (wet weight); (3) the daily food consumption tended to change in irregular waving form, with average value being (10.16×l0~(-2)±1.19×l0~(-2) g/ (g·d) (wet weight) or (55.56 × 10~(-2) ±6.51 × 10~(-2) kJ/ 相似文献
13.
Biomass distribution and trophodynamics in the oceanic ecosystem in the Oyashio region are presented and analyzed, combining
the seasonal data for plankton and micronekton collected at Site H since 1996 with data for nekton and other animals at higher
trophic levels from various sources. The total biomass of biological components including bacteria, phytoplankton, microzooplankton,
mesozooplankton, micronekton, fishes/squids and marine birds/mammals was 23 g C m−2, among which the most dominant component was mesozooplankton (34% of the total), followed by phytoplankton (28%), bacteria
(15%) and microzooplankton (protozoans) (14%). The remainder (9%) was largely composed of micronekton and fish/squid. Marine
mammals/birds are only a small fraction (0.14%) of the total biomass. Large/medium grazing copepods (Neocalaus spp., Eucalanus bungii and Metridia spp.) accounted for 77% of the mesozooplankton biomass. Based on information about diet composition, predators were assigned
broadly into mean trophic level 3–4, and carbon flow through the grazing food chain was established based on the estimated
annual production/food consumption balance of each trophic level. From the food chain scheme, ecological efficiencies as high
as 24% were calculated for the primary/secondary production and 21% for the secondary/tertiary production. Biomass and production
of bacteria were estimated as 1/10 of the respective values for phytoplankton at Site H, but the role of the microbial food
chain remains unresolved in the present analysis. As keystone species in the oceanic Oyashio region, Neocalanus spp. are suggested as a vital link between primary production and production of pelagic fishes, mammals and birds. 相似文献
14.
秋季黄海中南部鱼类群落对饵料生物的摄食量 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
研究鱼类与饵料生物之间食物定量关系进而为多鱼种资源评估提供依据,2000~2002年秋季(10~11月)在黄海中南部海域进行了定点底拖网调查,应用Eggers模型,计算了带鱼(Trichiurus lepturus)、小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)、黄(Lophius litulon)、细纹狮子鱼(Liparis tanakae)等23种鱼类在秋季对饵料生物的摄食量。结果表明:黄海中南部23种鱼类在秋季对饵料生物的总摄食量约为309万t,其中,鱼(Engraulis japonicus)的摄食量最高(在250万t以上),占总摄食量的80.9%。中上层和底层鱼类对饵料生物的摄食量分别为262万t和47万t左右,占总摄食量的84.7%和15.3%,鱼和细纹狮子鱼分别是中上层和底层鱼类中最主要的捕食者。磷虾类是中上层鱼类最主要的食物来源,其次是桡足类、端足类和毛颚类;虾类和鱼类是底层鱼类最主要的食物来源,其次是磷虾类。太平洋磷虾(Euphausia pacifica)、中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)、细长脚虫戎(Themisto gracilipes)、脊腹褐虾(Crangon affinis)和鱼同时是黄海中南部被摄食量最高的5种饵料生物,它们被摄食的生物量之和约为233万t,占总摄食量的75.5%。 相似文献
15.
Dong-Woon Hwang Seong-Soo Kim Seong-Gil Kim Dong-Sun Kim Tae-Hoon Kim 《Ocean Science Journal》2017,52(4):527-536
Concentrations of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn) were determined in edible parts (muscle) of 34 marine wild fish caught from the southern sea of Korea in 2007 and 2008 in order to understand the accumulation pattern of heavy metals in wild fish and to assess the potential health risk posed by fish consumption. The highest concentrations in the muscle of 17 pelagic and 17 demersal fishes were Zn and As, respectively, while the lowest concentration in both fishes was Cd. The mean concentrations of all metals except As in wild fish were much lower than the regulatory limits for fish and fishery products applied in a number of countries. Unlike other metals, As concentration in wild fish of this study region was relatively higher than that found in other country. Estimated daily intake (EDI) of the metals was in the range of 0.05% to 22.5% of the provisional maximum tolerable daily intakes (PMTDI). Similarly, the target hazard quotient (THQ) was below 1.0 for each metal. These results imply that the consumption of the investigated wild fish do not cause significant adverse health effects. 相似文献
16.
This paper analyzes daily variations in the occurrences of pelagic fishes and zooplankters on a small regional scale. The data used are based on daily observations repeated at 24h intervals during 6 days from 16 to 21, September, 1971, in coastal waters close to Esaki, a fishing port in the southwestern part of the Japan Sea (Yamaguchi Prefecture). The observations comprised acoustic surveys of the fish population, zooplankton sampling with a net, and Secchi disc readings, for evaluating relationships between the abundances of pelagic fishes and their food, as well as alternations in water masses. No clear correlation between pelagic fishes and their food, copepods, within a short time period was observed; fish population continued to decrease with eastward movements of fish schools although the abundances of copepods remained at almost the same level during the observations. Patterns of changes in both settled volumes of plankton and transparencies evidently suggested the occurrence of alternations in water masses. Pelagic fish schools proved to move in company with the transition of water masses. 相似文献
17.
Food preferences, feeding attributes, trophic guilds, and ontogenetic changes in diet compositions of 45 fish species collected along coastal waters in the southern areas of the South China Sea, Thailand were examined. Most species had high food intake and fed on specific ranges of food types. Shrimp was the most important food (31.7%), followed by calanoid copepod (16.8%), fish (12.7%) and gammarid amphipod (8.3%). These fishes can be categorized into six different trophic guilds and further divided into four categories namely; piscivore, zooplanktivore, zoobenthivore and miscellaneous/opportunist. Numbers of feeding guilds at each depth vary between four and five. Four of these are consistently found throughout the year at all zones; shrimp predator, piscivore, calanoid copepod feeder and a combination of polychaete and other food feeders. Ontogenetic studies indicate that fishes are more likely to group according to species rather than size. This scientific information is important when examining the complex association between fishes and identifying groups of species using similar resources. 相似文献
18.
渤海鲈鱼食物组成与摄食习性的研究 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
对渤海３５３尾鲈鱼的胃含物样品进行了分析，得出如下结论：（１）鲈鱼为游泳动物食性的鱼类，游泳动物占其胃含物总重量的６３．５８％；（２）主要摄食鱼类，甲壳类，其饵料种类主要包括口虾蛄，Ｔｉ鱼，凤鲚，黄鲫等；（３）食物组成与摄食习性呈现明显的月变化；（４）幼鲈主要摄食小型鱼类，甲壳类及其幼体，在相应月份里，与成鲈的食物组成相似程度很小。 相似文献
19.
《Oceanologica Acta》2003,26(5-6):503-509
The first evaluations of the daily ration and population food consumption of four Sciaenid fish, under natural conditions for the Brazilian south-western Atlantic shelf (23°35′S, 45°00′W) are presented. The average daily ration ranged from 4.38 to 12.92 % body mass (90% confidence interval) for the juvenile shortfin corvina (Isopisthus parvipinnis), from 0.41 to 5.52 % body mass (90% confidence interval) for the juvenile shorthead drum (Larimus breviceps) and from 3.14% to 3.15% body mass for the juvenile whitemouth croacker (Micropogonias furnieri). Juveniles of the banded croacker (Paralonchurus brasiliensis) showed higher estimates (2.58–2.60% body mass) than those for the adults (1.2–1.84% body mass). The mean food consumption rate of the population was estimated at about 11 and 8 year–1, respectively, for the whitemouth croacker, and banded croacker, corresponding to a gross efficiency of 13 and 10%. The estimates of daily ration were related to the feeding habits as well as to size of the fish, and probably to their specific energy budget. Estimates of population food consumption are related to population structure. 相似文献
20.
渤海3种头足类食性分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
火枪乌贼L加壮mbeka）1曼氏无针乌贼s如山hmailunT）17i和双像耳乌贼（＆加o山b。Shata）属头足纲,都是我国的经济软体动物'。它们在渤海食物链中分别占有一定的位置。关于它们的食性,尚未见有专题报道。本文根据多年收集的样品,对它的食性作一初步分析。1材料和方法通过胃内食物分析方法,来揭示三种头足类的食性特征。所用的910个头足类标本,计有火枪乌贼（眼长30一96一）653个（空胃649％）、曼氏无针乌贼（34一95一）49个（37％）和双呼耳乌贼门～18一）208个（837％）,系1983一1996年间通过渤海拖网调查和沿岸取样获得的。这些… 相似文献