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1.
冀北—辽西地区侏罗—白垩纪之交期的孢粉植物群演替与古气候变化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文根据冀北—辽西地区侏罗—白垩纪之交期孢粉植物群的地层分布,划分了9个孢粉植物群组合带(自下而上):"桫椤孢-苏铁粉-克拉梭粉"组合带、"克拉梭粉"组合带、"无突肋纹孢-滦平孢-纵肋单沟粉"组合带、"云杉粉-层环孢-无突肋纹孢-膜环弱缝孢"组合带、"云杉粉-无突肋纹孢-凹边瘤面孢"组合带、"辽西孢-刺毛孢-克拉梭粉"组合带、"刺毛孢-有突肋纹孢-无突肋纹孢-三孔孢"组合带、"三角孢-无突肋纹孢-有突肋纹孢"组合带和"无突肋纹孢-克拉梭粉-希指蕨孢-麻黄粉"组合带;重建了该区当时的古气候和古环境,认为中侏罗世时期该区处于温暖湿润气候下的低山丘陵环境,晚侏罗世时期处于干旱气候下的荒原环境,早白垩世早期处于温凉湿润气候下的低山环境,早白垩世中期处于温凉湿润气候下的高山环境,早白垩世晚期处于温暖湿润气候下的低地沼泽环境,早白垩世最晚期处于干热气候下的低地环境。此外,本文还根据该区侏罗—白垩纪之交期生物群演化和更替的特征,提出了"避难所"理论模式。 相似文献
2.
无论孢粉类型还是孢粉数量，昌五地区沙河子组发现的孢粉化石均可称得上是松辽盆地北部同层位中最丰富的。研究区沙河子组自下而上可以划分出两个孢粉组合：克拉梭粉(Classopollis)-拟云杉粉(Piceites)组合和三角瘤面孢(Lophotriletes)-无突肋纹孢(Cicatricosisporites)组合。其组合特征明显，可以作为研究区内地层划分对比的生物地层学依据之一。孢粉组合研究结果表明，沙河子组的地质时代应为早白垩世凡兰吟期-欧特里夫期(Valanginian-Hauterivian)。尽管没有出现最原始的被子植物花粉，但也不排除部分进入巴列姆期(Barremian)的可能。 相似文献
3.
通过对大兴安岭中南部宝日勿苏地区地质调查井宝D1井井深22~255.70m井段发现的孢粉化石的系统分析研究,共获得孢粉化石47属65种（包括未定种）.根据孢粉化石属种类型及其含量和变化特征,将孢粉化石组合划为Lycopodiacidites-Densoisporites-Piceaepollenites组合,时代为早白垩世早期,孢粉化石赋存地层相当于白音高老组.通过系统分析孢粉组合中主要孢粉属种及其母体植物的生长环境,推测大兴安岭中南部地区在早白垩世早期为暖温带-亚热带气候条件.同时旱生植物的大量出现,表明该区在早白垩世早期受到了干旱气候的影响,但与典型的干旱环境不同,推断与当时的火山活动有关. 相似文献
4.
西藏拉萨地块设兴组孢粉化石新发现及其地层学意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
拉萨地体的典中－那玛剖面设兴组上部新发现孢粉组合，其特征为：孢粉化石多为第三纪常见分子，未发现早白垩世和晚白垩世特征分子。因此样品产出的层位不可能属于白垩纪的沉积。孢粉组合以落叶，阔叶植物为主体，主要为桦科的桤木粉（Alnipollenites)，桦粉（Betulaepollenites)，枥粉（Carpiniptes），山毛榉科的栎粉（Quercodites)胡桃科的胡桃粉（Juglanspollentites)，榆科的榆粉（Ulmipollenites)，椴科的椴粉（Tiliapollenites)等 相似文献
5.
成吉思汗驿站龙江组剖面位于扎兰屯成吉思汗镇东南部,组内大化石稀少,但孢粉化石丰富,下部岩性为沉凝灰岩、凝灰岩、凝灰质砂岩、砂岩、砾岩,上部岩性为安山岩、英安岩。通过对成吉思汗驿站龙江组孢粉化石的分析,在龙江组中识别出圆形粒面孢-二连粉孢粉组合带(Cyclogranisporites-Erlianpollis)。通过对孢粉化石属种的分析,根据具有时代指示意义的孢粉化石,如Erlianpollis,Cicatricosisporites,Pilosisporites等,认为成吉思汗地区龙江组孢粉化石形成时代为早白垩世,结合地质、古植物及孢粉化石的定量分析,认为龙江组植被类型反映亚热带气候,指示温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
6.
7.
海拉尔盆地查干诺尔凹陷扎赉诺尔群孢粉组合 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔盟地区海拉尔盆地查干诺尔凹陷扎赉诺尔群自下而上划分为4个孢粉组合。云杉粉Piceaepollenites sp.-单束松粉Abietineaepollenites sp.-三角粒面孢Granulatisporites sp.组合,分布于大磨拐河组一段;罗汉松粉Podocarpidites sp.-双束松粉Pinuspollenites sp.-无突肋纹孢Cicatricosisporites sp.组合,分布于大磨拐河组二段;无突肋纹孢Cicatricosisporites sp.-刺毛孢Pilosisporite sp.-水龙骨单缝孢Polypodiaceaesporites sp.组合,分布于伊敏组一段;有突肋纹孢Appendicisporites sp.-桫椤孢Cyathidites sp.-星粉Astropollis sp.组合,分布于伊敏组二、三段。上述孢粉组合研究证明,大磨拐河组地质时代为早白垩世凡兰吟期—欧特里夫期(Valanginian-Hauterivian),尽管没有出现最原始的被子植物花粉,但也不排除部分进入巴列姆期(Barremian)的可能,伊敏组的地质时代为早白垩世巴列姆期-阿普第期(Barremian-Aptian)。据此认为扎赉诺尔群地质时代为早白垩世凡兰吟期—阿普第期(Valanginian-Aptian)。 相似文献
8.
对内蒙古海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷贝32井南屯地层中的孢粉化石进行了系统研究,自下而上建立了2个孢粉化石组合。Piceaepollenites云杉粉-Pinuspollenites双束松粉-Abietineaepollenites单束松粉组合,分布于南屯组一段;Concentrisporites同心粉-Piceaepollenites云杉粉-Pinuspollenites双束松粉组合,分布于南屯组二段。根据孢粉化石组合中Cicatricosisporites,Densoisporites,Triporoletes,Pilosisporites等重要分子的地质时限特征,认为南屯组地质时代为早白垩世Aptian—Albian。这些孢粉化石资料对建立海拉尔盆地地层层序,而指导盆地油气勘探具有十分重要的理论和现实意义。 相似文献
9.
内蒙古海拉尔盆地大磨拐河组孢粉组合 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
海拉尔盆地大磨拐河组自下而上可以划分出两个孢粉组合 :哈氏三角孢 -微细云杉粉 ( Deltoidospora hallii-Piceaepollenites exilioides)组合和澳洲无突肋纹孢 -卵形光面单缝孢 ( Cicatricosisporites australiensis- L aevigato-sporites ovatus)组合 ,分别分布于大磨拐河组一段和二段 ,组合特征明显 ,可以作为研究区内地层划分对比的生物地层学依据之一。两个孢粉组合中见有属种繁多的海金沙科孢子及其他繁盛于早白垩世的孢子花粉 ,结合在数以千计的岩心样品中没有发现可靠的早期被子植物花粉的情况分析 ,推测产这两个孢粉组合的大磨拐河组的地质时代为早白垩世凡兰吟期—欧特里沃期 ( Valanginian— Hauterivian) ,不排除部分进入巴列姆期 ( Barrem ian)的可能 相似文献
10.
吉林省万昌地区万参一井孢粉化石丰富,自下而上划分5个孢粉组合。Z1组合孢粉化石较少,均为古近系常见孢粉,偶见褶皱粉,时代为早始新世;Z2组合出现始新世特征分子杵纹粉,还有小刺鹰粉、高腾粉及褶皱粉等零星出现,时代为中晚始新世;Z3组合蕨类植物孢子含量为剖面最高值,草本被子植物花粉较Z1、Z2组合有所增加,时代为早渐新世;Z4组合仍含较多的蕨类植物,草本被子植物花粉与Z3组合相当,时代为晚渐新世;Z5组合草本被子植物花粉含量较高,达剖面最高值,尤其以蒿粉+藜粉+菊粉+禾本粉等为代表,时代为中新世。 相似文献
11.
Sha Jingeng 《《地质学报》英文版》1992,5(2):209-219
Abstract The age of the Longzhaogou and Jixi Groups of coal measures in eastern Heilongjiang were previously considered to be Jurassic or mainly Jurassic. But there occur Middle Barremian- Early Albian Aucellina ( bivalvia) fossils in the Upper Yunshan Formation of the Longzhaogou Group and the Lower Chengzihe Formation of the Jixi Group, and the Qihulin Formation of the Longzhaogou Group yields Early Cretaceous bivalve and ammonite fossils. Consequently, the geological ages of the two groups are mainly, or even all, Early Cretaceous. 相似文献
12.
Three Schizolepis species collected from the Lower Cretaceous layer of the Huolinhe Basin,Inner Mongolia,China are described.These fossils are Schizolepis longipetiolus Xu XH et Sun BN sp.nov.,which is a new species,Schizolepis cf.heilongjiangensis Zheng et Zhang,and Schizolepis neimengensis Deng.The new species is a well-preserved female cone,slender and cylindrical in shape.The seed–scale complexes have long petioles and are arranged on the cone axis loosely and helically.The seed scales are divided into two lobes from the base.Each lobe is semicircular or elongate ligulate in shape,widest at the middle or the lower middle part,with an obtuse or bluntly pointed apex.The inner margin is almost straight and the outer margin is strongly arched.On the surface of the lobe,there are longitudinal and somewhat radial striations from the base to the margin.The seed is borne on the adaxial surface at the base or middle of each lobe.Schizolepis was established in 1847,and,although more than twenty species have been discovered and reported,its phylogenetic position is controversial because of the imperfection of fossils.Most authors have considered there to be a close evolutionary relationship between Schizolepis and extant Pinaceae.Here,we analyze characteristics and compare Schizolepis with Picea crassifolia Kom,which is morphologically most similar to Schizolepis.The results indicate that the genus probably has a distant evolutionary relationship with extant Pinaceae.A detailed statistical analysis of the global paleogeographic distribution of Schizolepis showed that all the fossils of this genus appeared in strata ranging from the Upper Triassic to the Lower Cretaceous in the North Hemisphere,being rare in the Upper Triassic and Lower Jurassic,but being very common from the Middle Jurassic to the Lower Cretaceous,and particularly abundant in the Lower Cretaceous.According to the statistical results,we speculate that the genus originated in Europe in the Late Triassic then spread from Europe to Asia between the Late Triassic and the Late Jurassic.In the Early Cretaceous most species existed in China’s three northeastern Provinces and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and adjacent areas.Combining the paleogeographic distribution of the genus with ancient climatic factors,we deduced that Schizolepis began to decline and became extinct in the Early Cretaceous,and the reason for its extinction is closely related to the icehouse climate during the Early Cretaceous. 相似文献
13.
西藏措勤地区一直被认为有被分别称为达雄群和接奴群的中上侏罗统，然而在1：25万《措勤县幅》区调工作中，在该区的接奴群、达雄群中发现了较丰富的双壳、腹足、海胆、菊石及植物化石，这些化石组合具早白垩世生物群面貌。根据这些化石组合及地层对比，研究区内的接奴群和达雄群应划归下白垩统则弄群上部。 相似文献
14.
江西修水第四系网纹红土的地层学研究 总被引：32，自引：1，他引：32
根据大量野外观察和室内分析结果，较详细论述了江西修水地区第四系网纹红土的地貌地层、岩石地层、磁性地层和年代地层等方面的特征，并在此基础上，就有关网纹红土的形成时代、成因以及与黄土的对比等问题进行了讨论，提出１）网纹红土可分为强网纹化红土和弱网纹化红土两个岩性段，每个岩性段又由若干个密集网纹层与稀疏网纹层构成；网纹红土与下伏红色砾石层属同期产物；２）网纹红土中的密集网纹层的地质意义相当于北方黄土中的古土壤；３）网纹红土形成于早更新世末（约０．９ＭａＢ．Ｐ．）至晚更新世初（约０．１ＭａＢ．Ｐ．）；４）网纹红土发育于湿热气候条件下，地下水埋深浅，地表低洼、排水不畅的环境。 相似文献
15.
Tianyi Shen Yue Chen Guocan Wang Junliang Ji Yong Wang Pan Zhang Paul Sotiriou Rong Guo Zezhuang Xu 《地学学报》2020,32(2):166-178
Analysing the provenance changes of synorogenic sediments in the Turpan‐Hami basin by detrital zircon geochronology is an efficient tool to examine the uplift and erosion history of the easternmost Tian Shan. We present detrital zircon U‐Pb analysis from nine samples that were collected within marginal lacustrine Middle‐Late Jurassic and aeolian‐fluvial Early Cretaceous strata in the basin. Middle‐Early Jurassic (159–172 Ma) zircons deriving from the southern Junggar dominated the Middle Jurassic sample from the western Turpan‐Hami basin, whereas Permian‐Carboniferous (270–330 Ma) zircons from the Bogda mountains were dominant in the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous samples. Devonian‐Silurian (400–420 Ma) and Triassic (235–259 Ma) zircons from the Jueluotage and Harlik mountains constituted the subordinate age groups in the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous samples from the eastern basin respectively. These provenance transitions provide evidence for uplift of the Bogda mountains in the Late Jurassic and the Harlik mountains since the Early Cretaceous. 相似文献
16.
运用流体包裹体确定鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界油气成藏期次和时期 总被引：25，自引：7，他引：18
对鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界68口井110块流体包裹体样品的荧光观察,60口井75块样品的显微测温、测盐等系统分析结果表明,该区上古生界砂岩储层发生过6期热流体活动,均与油气成藏有关,并以第2～6期的天然气成藏为主.结合埋藏史分析可知,油气成藏分别发生在距今220～190 Ma(T3中期-J1中期)、190～150 Ma(J1中期-J2中期)、150～130 Ma(J2中期-J2末期)、130～113 Ma(J2末期-K1中早期)、113～98 Ma(K1中早期-K1中晚期)、98～72 Ma(K1中晚期-K1末期),并认为早侏罗世中期-中侏罗世末期、中侏罗世末期-早白垩世末期是鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界天然气的主要成藏时期. 相似文献
17.
离龙类是一在形态和生态适应上高度特化的水生—半水生爬行动物双孔亚纲的灭绝支系。离龙目的地理分布局限于北半球,地史分布从侏罗纪一直延续到中新世。辽西是中国最为重要的离龙类化石产地,化石点主要分布于凌源、义县、朝阳和建昌4个地区,尤其以义县地区化石点的分布最为密集。目前辽西已经发现的离龙类包括3科4属5种,其中潜龙和满洲鳄2属的化石仅发现于义县组,而伊克昭龙与戏水龙2属的化石则仅见于九佛堂组。化石证据表明,白垩纪离龙类在辽西范围内的延展分布呈现一个自西向东、由南向北的地理地史演化过程。化石证据也表明辽西的离龙类在较短的时期和较窄的地域范围内经历了一个快速分异演化的过程。长颈潜龙类和短吻满洲鳄类在辽西同时首现于凌源义县组大新房子层,并先后灭绝于义县组的大康堡层和金刚山层。潜龙类最后出现的大康堡层的火山凝灰岩层密集保存了数以千计的潜龙类个体,可能代表该类群于早白垩世发生了与火山喷发活动紧密相关的集群灭绝事件。而后,短吻戏水龙和长吻伊克昭龙同时首现于九佛堂组第2段,并于该组第3段沉积时期内灭绝。整个辽西地域内的离龙类的分布从126～120Ma,在经历了大约6Ma的快速分异演化之后,均于早白垩世阿普第期灭绝。 相似文献
18.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(11):1417-1442
ABSTRACTThe Ordos Basin, situated in the western part of the North China Craton, preserves the 150-million-year history of North China Craton disruption. Those sedimentary sources from Late Triassic to early Middle Jurassic are controlled by the southern Qinling orogenic belt and northern Yinshan orogenic belt. The Middle and Late Jurassic deposits are received from south, north, east, and west of the Ordos Basin. The Cretaceous deposits are composed of aeolian deposits, probably derived from the plateau to the east. The Ordos Basin records four stages of volcanism in the Mesozoic–Late Triassic (230–220 Ma), Early Jurassic (176 Ma), Middle Jurassic (161 Ma), and Early Cretaceous (132 Ma). Late Triassic and Early Jurassic tuff develop in the southern part of the Ordos Basin, Middle Jurassic in the northeastern part, while Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks have a banding distribution along the eastern part. Mesozoic tectonic evolution can be divided into five stages according to sedimentary and volcanic records: Late Triassic extension in a N–S direction (230–220 Ma), Late Triassic compression in a N–S direction (220–210 Ma), Late Triassic–Early Jurassic–Middle Jurassic extension in a N–S direction (210–168 Ma), Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous compression in both N–S and E–W directions (168–136 Ma), and Early Cretaceous extension in a NE–SW direction (136–132 Ma). 相似文献
19.
鲁西南地区分布着近东西向大致平行排列的早第三纪盆地群。在蒙阴、莱芜盆地早第三纪沉积称为官庄组，在平邑盆地称为卞桥组。依据沉积物特征和沉积旋回都能分为下段、中段和上段。通过对哺乳动物、介形类、轮藻、腹足类和孢粉等化石的研究可确定中段的沉积时代为早始新世，通过对轮藻、介形类和哺乳类动物的研究能确定下段和上段分别为始新世早期和中期。在卞桥组中段和官庄组中段发现介形类Ｃｙｐｒｉｄｅａ属，该属起源于晚侏罗世或早白垩世，在早白垩世繁盛，晚白垩世逐渐衰落，灭绝于晚古新世或早始新世，在早始新世沉积中的发现，是迄今在我国发现的最高层位。 相似文献
20.
S Feinstein Z Aizenshtat I Miloslavski P Gerling J Slager J McQuilken 《Organic Geochemistry》2002,33(12)
Drilling in the eastern continental margin of the Levant Basin (southeastern Mediterranean), offshore southwestern Israel encountered light oil shows, numerous vertically stacked gas pockets and, more recently, commercial gas discoveries. Chemical and stable isotopic compositions obtained for 24 gas samples from Middle Jurassic to Pliocene reservoir rocks suggest that they represent a few genetic systems which are distributed vertically in the section in accordance with the stratigraphy. These groups include bacterial gas in the Pliocene, a mixture of bacterial and thermogenic gas in the Lower Cretaceous, and thermogenic gas in the Jurassic section. The bacterial gases in the Pliocene and the Lower Cretaceous appear not to be cogenetic, and likewise the thermogenic gas in the Lower Cretaceous and the Jurassic sections. Excluding one case, where the thermogenic gas appears to represent phase separation from a probably cogenetic light oil, the relationship of either the bacterial or other thermogenic gas samples to particular potential source rocks in the section or to light oil shows encountered in the Middle Jurassic section is at this stage inconclusive. 相似文献