吉林季德屯钼矿区石英二长岩SIMS锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学特征及其成因   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

孟庆丰  于晓飞  郑伟 《地质学报》2016,90(5):917-932

吉林省季德屯钼矿床是近年来新发现的大型斑岩钼矿床,其位于小兴安岭-张广才岭成矿带上。本文以季德屯石英二长岩作为研究对象,对其开展了地球化学特征、SIMS锆石U-Pb同位素定年和Hf同位素特征研究。获得其锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U同位素加权平均年龄为160.48±0.82 Ma,通过结合已有的研究成果,限定成岩成矿作用发生于170.9~160.5Ma之间,即中生代燕山早期。石英二长岩属于准铝质高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩,SiO_2含量在67.72%~70.84%之间,Al_2O_3含量为14.26%~15.68%,K_2O+Na_2O含量介于7.23%~7.95%,K_2O/Na_2O=0.72~0.97,铝饱和指数A/CNK=0.97~0.98。轻、重稀土元素分馏作用明显(La_N/Yb_N=6.39~32.34),具有弱的铕异常(δEu为0.68~0.9),HFSE和LILE分异明显,富集Rb、Th、U、K等元素,亏损Nb、Ta、P和Ti等元素。该岩体的锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值均为正值,变化于4.02~9.11,平均值为7.1,两阶段模式年龄t_(DM2)=625~950 Ma,成岩物质有可能主要来自于新元古代期间亏损地幔增生的年轻下地壳物质。结合区内已有的岩石地球化学、高精度成岩成矿年龄资料和区域构造演化史,表明季德屯斑岩钼矿床是中侏罗世大陆内部构造岩浆活化的产物,其形成与太平洋板块的俯冲作用密切相关。  相似文献   

桂北新寨强过铝质花岗岩的岩石成因及其构造意义——来自年代学、地球化学及Sr-Nd-Hf同位素的制约     

贾小辉  王晓地  杨文强 《地质通报》2017,36(5):738-749

LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,桂北新寨花岗岩形成于中奥陶世(465±2Ma)。该花岗岩的地球化学特征表现为化学成分较均一,具有高硅(SiO_2=68.54%~74.57%)、富碱(K_2O+Na_2O=7.61%~8.31%)、更富钾(K_2O/Na_2O=1.77~2.35)、强过铝质(A/CNK=1.09~2.39)和富集大离子亲石元素而亏损高场强元素等特征,属于S型花岗岩。新寨花岗岩具有比较均一的Sr、Nd同位素组成(I_(Sr)=0.71137~0.71328,ε_(Nd)(t)=-7.89~-7.26)。锆石Hf同位素组成为:(~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf)_i=0.28232~0.28252,ε_(Hf)(t)=-6.18~+0.61,Hf同位素两阶段模式年龄TDM2变化于1.67~2.11Ga之间。元素及Nd-Sr-Hf同位素分析结果显示,新寨花岗岩可能源自古元古代地壳变质泥岩的部分熔融,在成岩过程中有少量幔源组分的参与。新寨S型花岗岩可能是广西运动第二幕在桂北地区的岩石学响应,为早古生代构造-岩浆群事件的建立提供了新证据。  相似文献   

青藏高原古特提斯洋早石炭世弧后拉张:来自A型花岗岩的证据   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

胡培远  李才  吴彦旺  解超明  王明  李娇 《岩石学报》2016,32(4):1219-1231

本文报道了羌塘中部冈玛错钾长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb定年、岩石地球化学和锆石Hf同位素分析结果。钾长花岗岩中的锆石具岩浆生长环带,未见继承的老核,并且锆石Th/U比值大于0.5(0.58~1.05),显示出典型岩浆成因的锆石特征。锆石LA-ICP-MS定年结果为352.4±1.9Ma,表明其形成时代为早石炭世。钾长花岗岩富硅(Si O_2=74.17%~77.88%),低铝(Al2O3=10.50%~11.98%),贫镁(Mg O=0.23%~0.36%),富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=5.74%~7.24%),Na_2OK_2O,K_2O/Na_2O=0.53~0.71,A/CNK=0.87~1.06,富集轻稀土元素和Zr、Hf、Rb、Th和U等元素,亏损Sr、Eu、P和Ti等元素,10000Ga/Al=3.12~4.14,显示出A2型花岗岩的地球化学特征。钾长花岗岩中锆石的εHf(t)值和Hf同位素两阶段模式年龄分别变化于+4.40~+12.14和549~985Ma,显示出正的、不均一的同位素组成,可能形成于壳-幔混合作用,其中幔源端元应当是伸展环境下上涌的地幔岩浆,而壳源端元则可能是扬子板块新元古代的新生地壳部分熔融形成的长英质岩浆。结合区域地质资料,认为该花岗岩可能形成于古特提斯洋壳对羌北-昌都板块北向俯冲引起的陆缘弧后拉张环境。  相似文献   

东北三江盆地始新世花岗闪长岩的发现及其地质意义:锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素证据   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王智慧  杨浩  葛文春  毕君辉  张彦龙  许文良 《岩石学报》2016,32(6):1823-1838

本文报道了三江盆地富锦地区临山花岗质岩体的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄、全岩地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素与锆石Hf同位素资料,以确定其形成时代、岩石成因、源区性质及其构造属性。花岗闪长岩中的锆石均呈半自形-自形晶,震荡环带发育,Th/U比值=0.31~1.92,指示其岩浆成因。对岩浆锆石的定年结果显示,临山花岗闪长岩形成于~54Ma,这是目前东北地区报道的最年轻的花岗质岩浆作用。该期花岗闪长岩的SiO_2含量主要在68.71%~72.42%之间,Na_2O=3.29%~4.41%,K_2O=2.79%~3.47%,Na_2O/K_2O=0.95~1.58,A/CNK=0.99~1.12;该区花岗闪长岩富集轻稀土元素(LREEs)和大离子亲石元素(LILEs),亏损重稀土元素(HREEs)和高场强元素(HFSEs),且轻重稀土元素分馏较强[(La/Yb)N=21.8~34.1]。样品无明显Eu异常(δEu=0.84~1.19)。它们的(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.7068~0.7071,εNd(t)介于-2.4~-2.3之间;锆石εHf(t)值介于+1.7~+5.7之间,二阶段Hf模式年龄(tDM2)介于765~1020Ma之间。上述特征表明,该期花岗闪长岩属于弱过铝质高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩,其原始岩浆起源于中元古代末-新元古代期间增生的陆壳物质的部分熔融。对三江盆地与佳木斯地块东缘已发表锆石Hf同位素资料进行总结和时空对比发现,佳木斯地块东缘和三江盆地具有相似的地壳增生历史,暗示三江盆地之下的基底物质可能仍归属于佳木斯地块范畴。另外,新生代临山岩体的识别,限制了富锦隆起的时限为始新世之后,并非前人认为的中生代。  相似文献   

米仓山坪河新元古代二长花岗岩成因及其地质意义     

甘保平  赖绍聪  秦江锋 《地质论评》2016,62(4):929-944

扬子板块西北缘新元古代岩浆作用成因的研究对于研究Rodinia超大陆在该区的构造演化具有重要意义。本文对扬子板块西北缘米仓山地区二长花岗岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和同位素、全岩主量和微量元素分析。结果表明二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄为742.1±5.9 Ma,属于新元古代花岗岩。岩石具有高Si O_2(76.84%~80.08%),高碱(Na_2O+K_2O=7.64%~8.99%),相对富钾(K_2O/Na_2O=0.91~1.36),低P_2O_5含量等特征,铝饱和指数(A/CNK)介于0.77~0.89之间。岩石具有稀土元素含量较高、相对富集轻稀土元素的特征,具有明显负Eu异常,Eu*=0.05~0.13,Rb、U、Th、K、Pb等元素相对富集,Ba、Nb、Sr、P、Zr、Ti和Eu等元素明显亏损。岩石n(~(87)Sr)/n(~(86)Sr)=0.747067~0.795283,n(~(143)Nd)/n(~(144)Nd)=0.512472~0.512661,ε_(Nd)(t)=+3.6~+5.2,二阶段模式年龄T_(2DM)值介于0.96~1.07Ga之间。综合地球化学、同位素特征及米仓山区域构造资料,我们认为坪河二长花岗岩为高钾钙碱性高分异I型花岗岩,该岩浆起源于新生玄武质下地壳岩石的局部熔融,在上升阶段可能经历了地壳的混染作用,形成于伸展的构造环境中,是新元古代晚期Rodinia超大陆裂解作用的岩浆响应。  相似文献   

东昆仑鄂拉山岩浆带晚三叠世后碰撞伸展:来自索拉沟高分异I型花岗岩的证据     

《地质科技情报》2020,(4)

鄂拉山岩浆带位于东昆仑造山带最东端,为研究该地区晚三叠世的构造背景,选取索拉沟地区钾长花岗岩开展研究。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,索拉沟钾长花岗岩加权平均年龄为(233±1)Ma,形成于晚三叠世早期。该岩石有很高的w(SiO_2)(75.91%～77.23%)、富K_2O和Na_2O,贫CaO、MgO、TiO_2和P_2O_5,A/CNK介于1.01～1.05,属高钾钙碱性系列,锆石饱和温度733～768℃,具有强烈的Eu负异常(Eu/Eu~*=0.09～0.25),明显富集大离子亲石元素(LILE Rb、Th、U、K等)和轻稀土元素(LREE),亏损Ba、Sr及Nb、P、Zr、Ti等高场强元素(HFSE),显示高分异I型花岗岩的特征。锆石Hf同位素初始值(~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf)范围为0.282 487～0.282 611,ε_(Hf)(t)介于-3.54～-0.56;对应的两阶段模式年龄T_(2DM)(Hf)为1.16～1.33 Ga。索拉沟钾长花岗岩是新生下地壳部分熔融后经过分离结晶作用形成,新生下地壳是幔源岩浆在特提斯洋俯冲阶段(242～238 Ma)底侵古老地壳形成。结合晚古生代至中生代东昆仑地区的构造演化特征,认为索拉沟钾长花岗岩形成于张性构造背景,与古特提斯洋俯冲结束后巴颜喀拉地体与东昆仑地体后碰撞造山伸展作用有关。  相似文献   

华北克拉通怀安杂岩中～2.03 Ga变质石榴花岗岩的成因其对古元古代裂谷事件的制约     

张家辉  王惠初  郭敬辉  田辉  任云伟  常青松  施建荣  相振群 《华北地质》2020,43(2)

本文报道了怀安杂岩中的董家沟变质石榴花岗岩岩体的地球化学、锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素数据。变质石榴花岗岩高SiO_2、富K_2O+Na_2O,低CaO、MgO和TiO_2;富集轻稀土元素,亏损重稀土元素,具有明显的负铕异常;同时亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素,高Zr+Nb+Ce+Y含量和10 000*Ga/Al比值,具有A型花岗岩特征。通过锆石LAMC-ICPMS U-Pb定年,获得岩石形成年龄为2 031±21 Ma,并遭受1 837±12 Ma变质作用改造。变质石榴花岗岩的锆石Hf同位素分析表明,核部岩浆锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值为-0.47～+5.51,绝大部分为正值,且二阶段模式年龄T_(DM2)主要介于2 505～2 658 Ma,与围岩TTG片麻岩年龄相近,表明其来源于新太古代TTG岩石的部分熔融。华北克拉通中部造山带广泛分布古元古代中期(2.2～2.0 Ga)A型花岗岩,且同时期存在大量幔源基性岩墙侵位,指示该期岩浆活动形成于伸展的构造体制下,可能与华北克拉通内部(晋冀地块)裂谷活动有关。古元古代俯冲造山启动时限应小于2.0 Ga。  相似文献   

北冈底斯带日松花岗岩体的锆石U-Pb测年和Hf同位素组成     

关俊雷  耿全如  王国芝  彭智敏  张璋  丛峰  李娜 《地质学报》2014,(1)

在野外地质调查工作的基础上,对日土县—拉梅拉山口一带的日松花岗岩体开展了详细的岩相学、岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb测年和Hf同位素分析。岩石地球化学数据表明,日松花岗岩体属钙碱性岩类型,绝大多数样品含透辉石标准分子。富集Rb、Pb、Th等而亏损K、Ba等大离子亲石元素,高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti等明显亏损。稀土元素呈现出右倾缓倾斜型的特征,且存在较为明显的负Eu异常。与前人研究确定岩体的时代为晚白垩世—始新世不同,本文认为岩体的侵位时代主要为白垩纪,可分为早白垩世、晚白垩世两期。获得二长花岗岩样品(D1045-2)的LA-ICP MS锆石U-Pb年龄为108.4±2.1Ma(MSWD=2.4,n=18),结合锆石稀土元素特征、岩浆振荡环带特征(CL图像)及锆石Th/U比值,上述年龄可以代表岩体的形成年龄(早白垩世)。锆石Hf同位素特征显示,二长花岗岩样品(D1045-2)的εHf(t)为正值,介于1.49~3.86间(平均值为2.50);而石英闪长岩样品(D1045)的εHf(t)多数为负值,介于-2.09至0.15之间(平均值为-0.69)。Hf同位素地壳模式年龄分别在763.0~884.5Ma(D1045-2)、959.1~1073.5Ma(D1045)之间。两件样品的εHf(t)和Hf同位素地壳模式年龄均具有较小的变化范围,暗示岩体的岩浆物质来源应该具有较为均一的锆石Hf同位素组成。日松地区早白垩世花岗岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征,基本反映了北冈底斯早白垩世的岩浆活动时间和源区等特征,其成因可能与班公湖-怒江特提斯洋岩石圈向南俯冲过程中幔源物质参与岩浆形成演化有关。本文研究成果,为研究班公湖-怒江结合带构造演化提供了新的资料证据。  相似文献   

内蒙古东乌旗巴彦都兰二长花岗岩年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义     

《地质科技情报》2015,(4)

为了解晚古生代西伯利亚板块南缘增生造山过程中的岩浆活动特征,对东乌旗巴彦都兰二长花岗岩岩相学、锆石U-Pb年代学、锆石Hf同位素和岩石地球化学进行了研究,并讨论了岩石成因和构造环境。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果为(277.2±0.7)Ma,以正的锆石εHf(t)(6.8~14.1)为特征,具有年轻的锆石地壳模式年龄(tcDM)(865~655 Ma),属于早二叠世晚期岩浆活动产物。二长花岗岩以高钾[w(K)=3.63%~4.95%,K2O/Na2O=0.91~1.47]、富碱[w(K2O+Na2O)=7.52%~9.16%]、准铝质-弱过铝质(A/CNK=0.96~1.15)为特征;稀土元素总量较低(38.82×10-6~193.20×10-6),(La/Yb)N为3.91~23.08,轻、重稀土元素分异较明显,呈弱负铕异常(δEu为0.34~1.17);富集部分大离子亲石元素(LREE、Rb、K等);Zr弱负异常、Hf弱正异常,亏损Sr、Nb、Ta、P、Ti,显示后造山花岗岩特征。综合分析表明,巴彦都兰二长花岗岩形成于伸展的构造环境中,是贺根山洋盆闭合后的后造山阶段产物,为865~655 Ma前洋壳俯冲形成的先成地壳部分熔融而成。  相似文献   

浙东地区东园花岗岩体年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义     

廖圣兵  陈荣  褚平利  曾剑威  张彦杰  王存智  黄文成 《大地构造与成矿学》2017,41(5)

浙东地区岩浆岩广泛分布,受区域构造控制较明显,总体沿北东向余姚-丽水断裂带分布。本文对东园花岗岩体开展了详细的年代学和岩石地球化学研究。东园岩体主要由二长花岗岩、石英二长岩和少量花岗岩组成,主岩体二长花岗岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为235.6±0.7 Ma(MSWD=0.97,2σ),花岗岩为238.1±0.8 Ma(MSWD=1.3,2σ),均属中三叠世产物。二长花岗岩和石英二长岩为准铝质-弱过铝质的钙碱性花岗岩,具高硅(62.94%~75.29%)、富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=8.17%~9.34%)且富钾(K_2O=4.54%~5.63%)的特征,轻重稀土分馏明显,具有较强的Eu正异常(δEu=0.94~2.43),明显亏损高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、P、Ti,而相对富集Th、Hf,富集轻稀土元素(LREE)和大离子亲石元素(LILE)Rb,相对贫Ba。岩体属高(-中等)分异I型花岗岩,岩浆来源于具弧属性的加厚地壳部分熔融,形成于同碰撞向后碰撞阶段转变的大地构造环境,可能与太平洋板块向华南板块俯冲作用事件有关。  相似文献   

Wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometric determination of Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites     

S. Viswanathan  K. Surya Prakash Rao  B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627

Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours.  相似文献   

高压微波消解法测定醋酸纤维过滤器采集的微尘粒子中的砷镉钴铬铜铁锰镍铅钒锌     

奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306

最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提  相似文献   

硅酸盐类样品中硅、铁、铝、钛、锰、钙、镁、钾、钠和磷的x射线荧光光谱测定     

肖德明  甘璇玑  卜正才 《铀矿地质》1986,(4)

本文拟定了一种以熔融法制备样片,用X射线荧光光谱测定硅酸盐类样品中Si、Fe、Al、Tj、Mn、Ca、Mg、K、Na、P等元素的分析方法。在对不同靶材X光管和分光晶体实验对比的基础上,选择了最佳的测量条件。该法具有快速、准确,测量范围广,检测限低,价格便宜等优点。经过近百个各种类型标样或管理样品的分析对比表明,本法不仅适用于硅酸盐类岩石样品的分析,还适用于铁矿、铝土矿、碳酸盐类岩矿样品以及水泥、耐火材料等样品的分析。  相似文献   

Isotopic systematics of He,Ar, S,Cu, Ni,Re, Os,Pb, U,Sm, Nd,Rb, Sr,Lu, and Hf in the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits     

E. M. Prasolov  S. A. Sergeev  B. V. Belyatsky  E. S. Bogomolov  K. A. Gruzdov  I. N. Kapitonov  R. Sh. Krymsky  V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64

This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (³He/⁴He, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar, ³⁴S/³²S, ⁶⁵Cu/⁶³Cu, ⁶²Ni/⁶⁰Ni, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd, ^206–208Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.  相似文献   

Viscous, cohesive, non-Newtonian, depositing, radial slurry flow     

Habib Alehossein   《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2009,93(1):11-19

Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance.  相似文献   

硅酸盐中铁、锰、钛、钙、钾、磷、硅、铝、镁、钠、锶、铷、钡的X-射线荧光光谱定量测定   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

李国会  刘德慧  苏幼銮 《物探与化探》1986,10(1):60-65

本文介绍样品经四硼酸锂熔融制成玻璃小饼。采用Lachance模式和理论a系数来校正元素间的效应,由3080E型X-射线荧光谱仪和DF-350B数据处理系统完成硅酸盐中十三个项目的测定。  相似文献   

Bellechester,Minnesota, USA,lagoon collapses     

Alexander  E. C.  Broberg  J. S.  Kehren  A. R.  Graziani  M. M.  Turri  W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361

Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×10⁶ 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m³ of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes.  相似文献   

Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Harvey E. Belkin  Harold M. Sparck 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(2):106-110

The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources.  相似文献   

滇东南花岗岩与锡、银、铜、铅、锌多金属矿床的成因关系   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

张洪培  刘继顺  李晓波  章霞林 《地质找矿论丛》2006,21(2):87-90

滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床.  相似文献   

岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1  

杨建平金振民  欧新功徐海军 《岩石学报》2005,21(2):427-437

在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。  相似文献