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1.
M.R. Leeder 《Tectonophysics》1976,36(1-3)
A block and basin system of Devonian to Carboniferous age, with Caledonide/Appalachian trends, bounds the northern margin of the supposed Hercynian Ocean on a predrift reconstruction of continents in the North Atlantic area. Basin initiation and subsidence patterns are established from broad deductions concerning sedimentary facies trends, contemporary volcanism and faulting. The British and Irish basins may be due to tensional effects arising from differential syn- to post-orogenic uplift, mantle partial melting and southward directed, lower crustal creep towards the Hercynian continental margin. The Maritime Canadian basins may be due to tensional effects associated with major dextral strike-slip faults along an extension of a transform fault system related to closure of the supposed Hercynian Ocean. 相似文献
2.
We discuss the potential geodynamic connections between Paleozoic arc development along the flanks of the interior (e.g. the Iapetus and Rheic) oceans and the exterior Paleopacific Ocean. Paleozoic arcs in the Iapetus and Rheic oceanic realms are preserved in the Appalachian–Caledonide and Variscan orogens, and in the Paleopacific Ocean realm they are preserved in the Terra Australis Orogen. Potential geodynamic connections are suggested by paleocontinental reconstructions showing Cambrian–Early Ordovician contraction of the exterior ocean as the interior oceans expanded, and subsequent Paleozoic expansion of the exterior oceans while the interior oceans contracted. Subduction initiated in the eastern segment of Iapetus at ca. 515 Ma and Early to Middle Ordovician orogenesis along the flanks of this ocean is highlighted by arc–continent collisions and ophiolite obductions. Over a similar time interval, subduction and orogenesis took place in the exterior ocean and included formation of the Macquarie arc in the Tasmanides of Eastern Australia and the Famatina arc and correlatives in the periphery of the proto-Andean margin of Gondwana. Major changes in the style of subduction (from retreating to advancing) in interior oceans occurred during the Silurian, following accretion of the peri-Gondwanan terranes and Baltica, and closure of the northeastern segment of Iapetus. During the same time interval, subduction in the Paleopacific Ocean was predominantly in a retreating mode, although intermittent episodes of contraction closed major marginal basins. In addition, however, there were major disturbances in the Earth tectonic systems during the Ordovician, including an unprecedented rise in marine life diversity, as well as significant fluctuations in sea level, atmospheric CO2, and 87Sr/86Sr and 13C in marine strata carbonates. Stable and radiogenic isotopic data provide evidence for the addition of abundant mantle-derived magma, fluids and large mineral deposits that have a significant mantle-derived component. When considered together, the coeval, profound changes in the style of tectonic activity and the disturbances recorded in Earth Systems are consistent with the emergence of a superplume during the Ordovician. We speculate that the emergence of a superplume triggered by slab avalanche events within the Iapetus and Paleopacific oceans was associated with the establishment of a new geoid high within the Paleopacific regime, the closure of the interior Rheic Ocean and the amalgamation of Laurussia and Gondwana, which was a key event in the Late Carboniferous amalgamation of Pangea. 相似文献
3.
G. Gutirrez-Alonso J. Fernndez-Surez T.E. Jeffries G.A. Jenner M.N. Tubrett R. Cox S.E. Jackson 《Tectonophysics》2003,365(1-4):221
If reconstruction of major events in ancient orogenic belts is achieved in sufficient detail, the tectonic evolution of these belts can offer valuable information to widen our perspective of processes currently at work in modern orogens. Here, we illustrate this possibility taking the western European Cadomian–Avalonian belt as an example. This research is based mainly on the study and interpretation of U–Pb ages of more than 300 detrital zircons from Neoproterozoic and Early Paleozoic sedimentary rocks from Iberia and Brittany. Analyses have been performed using the laser ablation–ICP–MS technique. The U–Pb data record contrasting detrital zircon age spectra for various terranes of western Europe. The differences provide information on the processes involved in the genesis of the western European Precambrian terranes along the northern margin of Neoproterozoic Gondwana during arc construction and subduction, and their dispersal and re-amalgamation along the margin to form the Avalonia and Armorica microcontinents. The U–Pb ages reported here also support the alleged change from subduction to transform activity that led to the final break-up of the margin, the birth of the Rheic Ocean and the drift of Avalonia. We contend that the active northern margin of Gondwana evolved through several stages that match the different types of active margins recognised in modern settings. 相似文献
4.
5.
柴达木盆地东缘早古生代弯山构造 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
位于中国中央造山带内部的柴达木盆地周缘出露有代表原特提斯洋盆的蛇绿岩带、指示大洋俯冲与大陆深俯冲的高压-超高压变质带以及不同性质的早古生代花岗岩带。根据这些构造单元的空间展布形态及其综合地质年龄分布,表现为一条环绕柴达木盆地东缘的连续而弯曲的加里东期造山带。造山带内发育一系列右行走滑断裂和韧性剪切带,与古地磁资料所揭示的柴达木地块在早古生代的相对逆时针旋转息息相关。本文提出,柴达木盆地周缘造山带为一弯山构造。它是在原特提斯洋向南斜向俯冲闭合过程中,诱发的大型走滑断裂和柴达木地块逆时针旋转牵引造山带发生弯曲所致。 相似文献
6.
Repeated cycles of supercontinent amalgamation and dispersal have occurred since the Late Archean and have had a profound influence on the evolution of the Earth's crust, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and life. When a supercontinent breaks up, two geodynamically distinct tracts of oceanic lithosphere exist: relatively young interior ocean floor that develops between the dispersing continents, and relatively old exterior ocean floor, which surrounded the supercontinent before breakup. The geologic and Sm/Nd isotopic record suggests that supercontinents may form by two end-member mechanisms: introversion (e.g. Pangea), in which interior ocean floor is preferentially subducted, and extroversion (e.g. Pannotia), in which exterior ocean floor is preferentially subducted.The mechanisms responsible remain elusive. Top–down geodynamic models predict that supercontinents form by extroversion, explaining the formation of Pannotia in the latest Neoproterozoic, but not the formation of Pangea. Preliminary analysis indicates that the onset of subduction in the interior (Rheic) ocean in the early Paleozoic, which culminated in the amalgamation of Pangea, was coeval with a major change in the tectonic regime in the exterior (paleo-Pacific) ocean, suggesting a geodynamic linkage between these events. Sea level fall from the Late Ordovician to the Carboniferous suggests that the average elevation of the oceanic crust decreased in this time interval, implying that the average age of the oceanic lithosphere increased as the Rheic Ocean was contracting, and that subduction of relatively new Rheic Ocean lithosphere was favoured over the subduction of relatively old, paleo-Pacific lithosphere. A coeval increase in the rate of sea floor spreading is suggested by the relatively low initial 87Sr/86Sr in late Paleozoic ocean waters. We speculate that superplumes, perhaps driven by slab avalanche events, can occasionally overwhelm top–down geodynamics, imposing a geoid high over a pre-existing geoid low and causing the dispersing continents to reverse their directions to produce an introverted supercontinent. 相似文献
7.
东亚原特提斯洋(Ⅳ):北界西段早古生代构造变形 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
北祁连造山带是原特提斯洋北支西段——古祁连洋闭合的地质记录,其经历了早古生代复杂的造山过程,但其俯冲极性、闭合时间、拼合方式还存在争议。通过详细的野外构造解析,并对变质年代学资料进行统计,在研究区识别出三幕早古生代褶皱变形。其中,第一幕变形发生在489~442Ma,形成于古祁连洋壳俯冲-碰撞阶段,主要表现为区域性的片理、片麻理或糜棱叶理;第二幕变形发生在422~406Ma,形成于俯冲板片的折返阶段,主要表现为轴面南倾的紧闭褶皱;第三幕变形则主要为轴面近于直立的宽缓褶皱。前两幕变形被第三幕变形叠加改造。祁连地区广泛分布着奥陶系-志留系与上覆泥盆系的角度不整合,不整合面上、下的地层对比指示西段不整合时间早于东段不整合时间,可能代表了古祁连洋西段拼合较早、东段拼合较晚的斜向"剪刀式"拼合。此外,多条穿过整个研究区的1∶20万地质剖面上的运动学解析,揭示了古祁连洋壳自北向南的俯冲极性。综合以上研究结果,认为古祁连洋壳最早的俯冲时间为544Ma,中祁连和阿拉善微陆块自462Ma开始碰撞拼合,古祁连洋于442Ma最终闭合。早古生代原特提斯洋北界西段俯冲方式为自南向北"后退式"俯冲,可能发生过俯冲带跃迁事件。 相似文献
8.
The sialic basement of New Caledonia is a Permian-Jurassic greywacke sequence which was folded and metamorphosed to prehnite-pumpellyite or low-grade greenschist facies by the Late Jurassic. Succeeding Cretaceous-Eocene sediments unconformably overlie this basement and extend outwards onto oceanic crust. Tertiary tectonism occurred in three distinct phases.
- 1. (1) During the Late Eocene a nappe of peridotite was obducted onto southern New Caledonia from northeast to southwest, but without causing significant metamorphism in the underlying sialic rocks.
- 2. (2) Oligocene compressive thrust tectonics in the northern part of the island accompanied a major east-west subduction zone, at least 30 km wide, which is identified by an imbricate system of tectonically intruded melanges and by development of lawsonite-bearing assemblages in adjacent country rocks; this high-pressure mineralogy constituted a primary metamorphism for the Cretaceous-Eocene sedimentary pile, but was overprinted on the Mesozoic prehnite-pumpellyite metagreywackes.
- 3. (3) Post-Oligocene transcurrent faulting along a northwest-southeast line (the sillon) parallel to the west coast caused at least 150 km of dextral offset of the southwest frontal margin of the Eocene ultramafic nappe.
9.
在内蒙古林西县西拉木伦断裂带内发育岩株状产出并具有不同程度变形特征的闪长岩体, 岩体侵入到双井片岩中.对该闪长岩进行了岩石学、地球化学、锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb年龄和角闪石40Ar-39Ar年龄的研究.结果表明内蒙古林西县西拉木伦断裂带内的变形闪长岩侵位于早二叠世, 其锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb年龄为286±1 Ma.岩浆来源于俯冲带流体/熔体交代作用而形成的富集地幔.岩石遭受了早侏罗世绿帘角闪岩相变质作用, 角闪石40Ar-39Ar年龄为188.7±1.4 Ma.结合研究区及邻区近年来的新成果认为索伦缝合带早古生代以来的镁铁质岩石均显示来源于相对富集LILE、LREE的地幔, 与俯冲流体或熔体的改造作用相关, 并且随着时代的更新改造程度显示增强的趋势.索伦缝合带在晚石炭世(~310 Ma)之前发生过闭合碰撞, 晚石炭世-早二叠世(~310~276 Ma)处于后造山伸展的背景, 在伸展环境下形成了华北北缘该时期广泛分布的闪长岩-花岗闪长岩带, 报道的闪长岩即为该时期的产物.晚二叠世缝合带局部区域存在洋盆, 洋盆的闭合导致了晚二叠世-中三叠世(~272~230 Ma)索伦缝合带的最终碰撞缝合, 最终碰撞缝合在空间上的不均一性形成了缝合带内该时期大量并存的同碰撞花岗岩和后碰撞花岗岩.索伦缝合带的缝合导致华北板块与其北部各微陆块的拼合, 此时蒙古-鄂霍次克海作为古太平洋的一个分支北东向展布于西伯利亚板块和拼合后的华北板块之间.早侏罗世蒙古-鄂霍次克海在蒙古东北部发生闭合, 本文报道的角闪石40Ar-39Ar年龄记录了洋壳闭合后陆-陆碰撞的变质时间, 之后研究区进入后造山伸展的环境.此时在古太平洋板块向华北板块俯冲应力的共同作用下, 华北东部在侏罗纪出现挤压机制与拉张机制的多次转换.晚侏罗世古太平洋板块俯冲方向转变后, 中国东部进入持续的拉张背景, 并转入西太平洋构造域的范畴. 相似文献
10.
R. Damian Nance Gabriel Guti errez-Alonso J. Duncan Keppie Ulf Linnemann J. Brendan Murphy Cecilio Quesa Rob A. Strachan Nigel H. Woodcock 《地学前缘(英文版)》2012,3(2):125-135
The Rheic Ocean was one of the most important oceans of the Paleozoic Era.It lay between Laurentia and Gondwana from the Early Ordovician and closed to produce the vast Ouachita-Alleghanian -Variscan orogen during the assembly of Pangea.Rifting began in the Cambrian as a continuation of Neoproterozoic orogenic activity and the ocean opened in the Early Ordovician with the separation of several Neoproterozoic arc terranes from the continental margin of northern Gondwana along the line of a former suture.The rapid rate of ocean opening suggests it was driven by slab pull in the outboard lapetus Ocean.The ocean reached its greatest width with the closure of lapetus and the accretion of the periGondwanan arc terranes to Laurentia in the Silurian.Ocean closure began in the Devonian and continued through the Mississippian as Gondwana sutured to Laurussia to form Pangea.The ocean consequently plays a dominant role in the Appalachian-Ouachita orogeny of North America,in the basement geology of southern Europe,and in the Paleozoic sedimentary,structural and tectonothermal record from Middle America to the Middle East.Its closure brought the Paleozoic Era to an end. 相似文献
11.
《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(3-4):141-155
Abstract Magmatic and metamorphic events, imprinted in the crystalline rocks of the so-called core mountains inside the Alpine structure of the Inner Carpathians, allow the re-construction of the history of the Rheic Ocean opening, its development and its final closure. Intra-Carpathian core-mountains are the remnants of the continents that drifted away from Gondwana and docked, initially, with Baltica as part of Avalonia and later on as parts of the Gondwana-derived Armorica Terrane Group or as a separate micro-continent. All magmatic suites, mafic and felsic, present in the Carpathians core mountains, show similarities to those found in the European Variscan Belt. All described- and dated metamorphic and magmatic events also have equivalents in the evolution of the Caledonian-Variscan Belts of Europe. The most pronounced feature of all Carpathian core mountains is the syn-collisional, multistage I/S granitoid magmatism (370-340 Ma) related to subduction, mafic-magma influx, extensional decompression and slab melting. That episode marked the Laurussia - Gondwana collision and closure of the Rheic Ocean, as in the whole of Central and Western Europe. The Carpathian core-mountains, currently dispersed inside the Alpine mountain chain, can be considered the broken fragments of the eastern prolongation of the Variscan orogenic belts – possibly part of the Moldanubian Unit. 相似文献
12.
Suturing of the Proto- and Paleo-Tethys oceans in the western Kunlun (Xinjiang, China) 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
The Proto-Tethys Ocean between the North and South Kunlun began to form during the Sinian. Remnants of this ocean are preserved at the Oytag-Kudi suture. The presence of Paleozoic arc batholiths in the northern South Kunlun and their absence in the North Kunlun indicates southward subduction of the Proto-Tethys Ocean beneath the South Kunlun. Opposite subduction polarity can be demonstrated for the Late Paleozoic to mid-Mesozoic when the southerly located Paleo-Tethys Ocean was consumed beneath the South Kunlun and generated a Late Carboniferous to mid-Jurassic magmatic arc in the southern South Kunlun. Arc magmatism affected the southern South Kunlun and the large Kara-Kunlun accretionary prism (a suture sensu lato) which formed as a result of Paleo-Tethys’ consumption. The dextral shear sense of ductile faults which are located at the margins of the arc batholiths, and which parallel the South Kunlun/Kara-Kunlun boundary, suggests oblique plate convergence with a dextral component. Different lines of evidence encourage us to interpret the Proto-Tethys ophiolites of the Oytag-Kudi zone as at least partly derived from an oceanic back-arc basin. In contrast, we assume that Paleo-Tethys was a large ocean basin which was eliminated directly at the southern margin of the South Kunlun where no oceanic back-arc region existed. 相似文献
13.
The tectonic evolution of the ca. 2.0-1.75 Ga old Svecokarelian fold belt is reviewed, and evidence is presented for large-scale intraplate strike-slip movements along ductile megashears. After the formation of the Kola collision suture and the neighbouring Granulite-Tanaelv thrust belt around 1.9 Ga ago, dextral shearing was initiated along N-S trending megashears. Subsequent anticlockwise rotation of the initially NNE-SSW oriented principal compressive stress caused dextral shearing along a NW-SE trending megashear and reversal in the sense of shearing in the N-S trending ones. Further anticlockwise stress rotation (to a total of about 120°) brought an end to sinistral shearing along the N-S megashears around 1.8 Ga ago and caused reversal to sinistral slip along the NW-SE megashear. Both the older (1.9-1.85 Ga) and younger (1.84-1.8 Ga) parts of this evolution are recorded within the Karelian province and its southwestern margin, where consolidation of the lithosphere took place shortly after 1.9 Ga ago. In the Svecofennian province, where crustal accretion did not start until around 1.9 Ga ago, the older movements may have caused synaccretional crustal folding, but with increasing consolidation, the deformation was concentrated along megashears. Although it is still not possible to interrelate the function of active subduction zones and intraplate megashears. the evolution traced so far provides support for plate tectonic interpretations of the Early Proterozoic geodynamics of the Baltic Shield. 相似文献
14.
新生代阿尔卑斯是非洲和欧洲之间的陆陆碰撞造山带。强烈的造山作用使大量前中生代基底出露地表,尽管这些基底被强烈逆冲推覆和走滑叠置,但是仍保留较丰富的前中生代基底演化信息。结合近几年对东阿尔卑斯原-古特提斯的研究,本文梳理和重建了阿尔卑斯前中生代基底的构造格局,认为前阿尔卑斯基底受原特提斯、南华力西洋、古特提斯洋构造体系影响而经历了多期造山过程。新元古代-早古生代的原阿尔卑斯作为环冈瓦纳地块群的组成部分,受原特提斯洋俯冲的制约,是新元古-早古生代环冈瓦纳活动陆缘的组成部分,其中,海尔微-彭尼内基底组成外缘增生系统,包括卡多米期地壳碎片在内的陆缘弧/岛弧以及大量增生楔组成内缘增生系统。早奥陶世瑞亚克洋打开,随后原阿尔卑斯从冈瓦纳陆缘裂离,在泥盆纪-石炭纪受南华力西洋控制,海尔微-彭尼内-中、下奥地利阿尔卑斯从冈瓦纳分离。在早石炭世(维宪期)南阿尔卑斯(或与之相当的冈瓦纳源地块)与北部阿莫里卡地块群拼贴增生于古欧洲大陆南缘,共同组成华力西造山带(广义),华力西期缝合带保留在绍山-科尔山南侧。晚石炭世-早二叠世,阿尔卑斯受古特提斯洋的俯冲影响,在华力西造山带南侧形成安第斯山型活动大陆边缘,古特提斯洋在阿尔卑斯的演化至少持续到早三叠世,消亡遗迹保留在中奥地利阿尔卑斯基底的Plankogel杂岩中。 相似文献
15.
QIU Ruizhao CHEN Yuming CHEN Xiuf ZHAO Hongjun REN Xiaodong ZHAO Like ZHANG Cao WANG Liangliang 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(Z2):43-44
The Paleo‐Tethys Ocean was a Paleozoic ocean located between the Gondwana and Laurasia supercontinents. It was usually consider to opening in the early Paleozoic with the rifting of the Hun superterrane from Gondwana following the subduction of the Rheic Ocean/proto‐Tethys Ocean. However, the opening time and detailed evolutionary history of the Paleo‐Tethys Ocean are still unclear. The Paleozoic ophiolites have recently been documented in the middle of the Qiangtang terrane, northern Tibetan Plateau, and they mainly occur in the Gangma Co area. These ophiolites are composed of serpentinite, pyroxenite, isotropic and cumulate gabbros, basalt, hornblendite and plagiogranite. Whole‐rock geochemical data suggest that all mafic rocks were formed in an oceanic‐ridge setting. Furthermore, positive whole‐rock εNd(t) and zircon εHf(t) values suggest that these rocks were derived from a long‐term depleted mantle source. The data allow us to conform that these rocks represent an ophiolite suite. Zircon U‐Pb dating of gabbros and plagiogranites yielded weighted mean ages of 437‐501 Ma. The occurrence of the ophiolite suite suggests that a Paleozoic Ocean basin (Paleo‐Tethys) existed in middle of the Qiangtang terrane. We hypothesize that the ophiolite in the middle of the Qiangtang terrane represents the western extension of the Sanjiang Paleo‐Tethys ophiolite in the east margin of the Tibetan Plateau, and they mark the main Paleo‐Tethys Ocean. This is the oldest ophiolite from the Paleo‐Tethyan suture zones and the Paleo‐Tethys Ocean basin probably opened in the Middle Cambrian, and continued to grow throughout the Paleozoic. The ocean was finally closed in the Middle to Late Triassic as inferred from the metamorphic ages of eclogite and blueschist that occur nearby. The Paleo‐Tethys Ocean was probably formed by the breakup of the northern margin of Gondwana, with southward subduction of the proto‐Tethys oceanic lithosphere along the northern margin of the supercontinent. 相似文献
16.
早古生代原特提斯洋在祁连造山带的分支本文称为古祁连洋。其洋内及邻区存在中祁连、阿拉善、柴达木、华北、扬子、塔里木等多个陆块、微陆块,处在一个复杂的多岛洋的环境中。祁连地区早古生代经历了较为复杂的俯冲拼合、碰撞造山过程。本文探讨了祁连造山带的几个构造单元构造属性,认为早古生代阿拉善微陆块南缘为被动大陆边缘,中祁连北缘为活动大陆边缘。阿拉善南部与之平行的龙首山构造单元为俯冲造山形成的增生楔体;北祁连构造带为一套俯冲增生杂岩,包含高压变质岩带、蛇绿岩带、岛弧岩浆和部分洋壳残片等,记录了古祁连洋壳从大陆裂解,洋壳形成,俯冲拼合,碰撞造山的造山过程。495Ma左右南祁连南部柴达木微陆块向北俯冲的影响,古祁连洋壳俯冲受阻,俯冲带向北后退,形成大岔大坂岛弧。弧前地区发生洋-洋俯冲事件,堆积增生大岔大坂、白泉门、九个泉等SSZ型北祁连蛇绿岩北带,并伴随第二期清水沟、牛心山、野牛滩等地岩浆事件。460Ma左右阿拉善微陆块和中祁连微陆块开始碰撞拼合,古祁连洋开始闭合。值得注意的是拼合过程不是均一的,存在自西向东斜向"剪刀式"的拼合方式,产生了由西向东年代变新的"S"型同碰撞岩浆岩。约440Ma古祁连洋闭合,进入陆内造山阶段。440Ma之后,拼合陆块处在一种拉伸的构造环境之下,金佛寺、牛心山、老虎山等地产生碰撞后岩浆岩。422~406Ma发生俯冲折返、高压榴辉岩和高压低温蓝片岩退变质作用,形成以紧闭不对褶皱为特征的第二幕变形。根据各陆块、微陆块碎屑锆石年龄谱分析对比,中祁连基底应与华北不同,而可能与扬子有关。Rodinia超大陆聚合之前,中祁连微陆块作为一个独立的微陆块与华北、扬子保持一定距离。1.0~0.8Ga Rodinia超大陆聚合过程中祁连微陆块与冈瓦纳北缘拼贴在一起,而距华北较远。随着Rodinia超大陆裂解,中祁连微陆块远离冈瓦纳,逐渐向华北靠近,500~400Ma原特提斯洋闭合,华北、阿拉善与中祁连拼合,并整体拼合到冈瓦纳大陆北缘。 相似文献
17.
Geological evidence, supported by biogeographical data and in accord with palaeomagnetic constraints, indicates that “one ocean” models for the Variscides should be discarded, and confirms, instead, the existence of three Gondwana-derived microcontinents which were involved in the Variscan collision: Avalonia, North Armorica (Franconia and Thuringia subdivided by a failed Vesser Rift), and South Armorica (Central Iberia/Armorica/Bohemia), all divided by small oceans. In addition, parts of south-eastern Europe, including Adria and Apulia, are combined here under the new name of Palaeo-Adria, which was also Peri-Gondwanan in the Early Palaeozoic. Oceanic separations were formed by the break-up of the northern Gondwana margin from the Late Cambrian onwards. Most of the oceans or seaways remained narrow, but – much like the Alpine Cenozoic oceans – gave birth to orogenic belts with HP-UHP metamorphism and extensive allochthons: the Saxo-Thuringian Ocean between North and South Armorica and the Galicia-Moldanubian Ocean between South Armorica and Palaeo-Adria. Only the Rheic Ocean between Avalonia and peri-Gondwana was wide enough to be unambiguously recorded by biogeography and palaeomagnetism, and its north-western arm closed before or during the Emsian in Europe. Ridge subduction under the northernmost part of Armorica in the Emsian created the narrow and short-lived Rheno-Hercynian Ocean. It is that ocean (and not the Rheic) whose opening and closure controlled the evolution of the Rheno-Hercynian foldbelt in south-west Iberia, south-west England, Germany, and Moravia (Czech Republic). Devonian magmatism and sedimentation set within belts of Early Variscan deformation and metamorphism are probably strike-slip-related. The first arrival of flysch on the forelands and/or the age of deformation of foreland sequences constrains the sequential closure of the Variscan seaways (Galicia-Moldanubian in the Givetian; Saxo-Thuringian in the Early Famennian; Rheno-Hercynian in the Tournaisian). Additional Mid- to Late Devonian and (partly) Early Carboniferous magmatism and extension in the Rheno-Hercynian, Saxo-Thuringian and Galicia-Moldanubian basins overlapped with Variscan geodynamics as strictly defined. The Early Carboniferous episode was the start of episodic anorogenic heating which lasted until the Permian and probably relates to Tethys rifting. 相似文献
18.
In the early Paleozoic the Sino-Korean Craton (SKC) and South China Craton (SCC) were situated along the margin of east Gondwana. The SKC was connected to core Gondwana by an epeiric sea which was the site for deposition of lower Paleozoic sequences of SKC. The SKC and SCC may have drifted away from core Gondwana sometime during the mid-Paleozoic and would have been outboard microcontinents in the late Paleozoic, until they collided to form the East Asian continent in the Triassic. The breakup of SCC from Gondwana was suggested to have taken place at ∼380 Ma, while no reliable suggestions have hitherto been made for breakup of SKC from Gondwana. This study presents a convincing evidence for breakup of SKC from Gondwana, based on the recognition of Late Ordovician volcanism in Korea. New SHRIMP U–Pb zircon ages, 445.0 ± 3.7 Ma and 452.5 ± 3.2 Ma, are obtained from trachytic rocks of the Ongnyeobong Formation of Taebaeksan Basin in Korea which occupied the marginal part of the SKC in the early Paleozoic. This Late Ordovician volcanism along with previous records of Ordovician volcanic activities along the western margin of the SKC is interpreted indicating the development of an incipient oceanic ridge. The oceanic ridge uplifted the SKC including the epeiric sea, which subsequently resulted in terminating the early Paleozoic sedimentation of the epeiric sea. The paucity of lower Paleozoic volcanic rocks across much of the SKC however suggests that the oceanic ridge did not extend into the epeiric sea. Instead, spreading of oceanic ridge entailed dextral movement of associated transform faults, which may have played a major role in breakup of SKC from mainland Gondwana by the end of Ordovician. 相似文献
19.
《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(6):1975-1992
The early Paleozoic tectonic framework and evolutionary history of the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is poorly understood. Here we present zircon U–Pb geochronology, whole rock geochemistry, and Sr-Nd-Hf isotope data of the early Paleozoic granitoids in eastern CAOB to investigate the petrogenesis and geodynamic implications.The early Paleozoic granitoids from the Songnen Block yield zircon U–Pb ages of 523–490 Ma, negative εNd(t) values of –6.7 to –0.8, and εHf(t) values of –8.6 to 7.1, indicating they were generated by partial melting of ancient crustal materials with various degrees of mantle contribution. They generally show affinities to A-type granites, implying their generation from an extensional environment after the collision between the Songnen and Jiamusi blocks. In comparison, the early Paleozoic granitoids from the Xing’an Block have zircon U–Pb ages of 480–465 Ma, εNd(t) values of –5.4 to 5.4, and εHf(t) values of –2.2 to 12.9, indicating a dominated juvenile crustal source with some input of ancient crustal components. They belong to I-type granites and were likely related to subduction of the Paleo-Asian Ocean. The statistics of TDM2 Hf model ages of the granitoids indicate that the Erguna and Jiamusi blocks contain a significant proportion of Mesoproterozoic crystalline basement, while the Xing’an Block is dominated by a Neoproterozoic basement.Based on these observations, the early Paleozoic evolutionary history of eastern CAOB can be divided into four stages: (1) before 540 Ma, the Erguna, Xing’an, Songnen, and Jiamusi blocks were discrete microcontinents separated by different branches of the Paleo-Asian Ocean; (2) 540–523 Ma, the Jiamusi Block collided with the Songnen Block along the Mudanjiang suture; (3) ca. 500 Ma, the Erguna Block accreted onto the Xing’an Block along the Xinlin–Xiguitu suture; (4) ca. 480 Ma, the Paleo-Asian Ocean started a double-side subduction beneath the united Erguna–Xing’an and Songnen–Jiamusi blocks. 相似文献
20.
北秦岭构造带早古生代的构造格局和演化过程一直是地学界比较关注也是存在较大争议的问题之一.在已有研究基础上,系统总结了本课题组近年来在北秦岭早古生代高压-超高压变质作用研究方面的进展,从变质作用角度对北秦岭早古生代的构造演化提供重要限定.丹凤斜长角闪岩中柯石英的发现为区内超高压变质作用的存在提供了最直接的矿物学证据;东秦岭秦岭杂岩中的斜长角闪岩普遍经历了高压-超高压榴辉岩相变质,具面状分布的特征,是陆壳俯冲/深俯冲作用的产物;高压-超高压榴辉岩和围岩片麻岩都记录了顺时针的P-T-t轨迹,峰期变质时代为500~490 Ma,之后主体又经历约470~450 Ma和约420~400 Ma两期抬升退变质叠加和部分熔融作用;高压-超高压岩石两期退变质和部分熔融发生的时代与北秦岭460~440Ma和~420Ma的两期岩浆事件的时代一致,说明北秦岭早古生代岩浆作用是深俯冲陆壳板片断离和碰撞造山结束后地壳伸展作用的岩浆响应;高压-超高压榴辉岩原岩形成时代约800 Ma,具有与南秦岭新元古代中晚期岩浆岩一致的地球化学特征,北秦岭超高压岩石的形成可能是商丹洋关闭后洋壳拖曳着南秦岭陆壳物质向北发生大陆深俯冲的结果,商丹洋在500 Ma主体应该已经关闭;秦岭岩群是部分而不是整体经历了大陆的深俯冲,现今的秦岭岩群是一个俯冲碰撞杂岩带而不是一个岩石地层单元或微陆块;北秦岭早古生代造山作用在中泥盆世已经结束,整体处于构造隆升后的剥蚀阶段,是南秦岭刘岭群碎屑岩的主要蚀源区,刘岭群沉积盆地形成于碰撞造山后的伸展构造背景而非弧前环境. 相似文献