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1.
Results of seismological observations in the western Kaliningrad region and in the Baltic Sea water area 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
S. A. Kovachev 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2008,44(9):706-716
In 2006–2007, researchers of the IO RAS conducted seismological observations in the Baltic Sea and western Kaliningrad region with the use of ocean-bottom and land-based autonomous seismic stations. According to maps of general seismic zoning of the territory of Russia, the Kaliningrad region is aseismic. However, a series of seismic phenomena with magnitudes of about 5 and sources located near the Bay of Gdansk coast occurred here in September 2004. The total duration of the IO RAS seismological observations in five areas of the region under investigation was more than 200 days. The analysis of seismic records of the IO RAS network located sources of two local weak earthquakes with magnitudes M L = 3.4–3.5, which indicates that the seismic process in the western part of the Kaliningrad region continues and the region is far from being seismically stable. 相似文献
2.
V. I. Ulomov 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2010,46(1):1-18
According to the normative maps of the General Seismic Zoning in the Russian Federation, OSR-97, the Moscow metropolitan area
is situated within the 5 point seismic zone. Of highest hazard priority for tall buildings in Moscow are the low-frequency
vibrations proceeding from the deep sources of strong earthquakes that occur in the East Carpathians (the Vrancea zone, Romania)
at a distance of approximately 1350 km from Moscow. Accelerations of the ground vibrations in Moscow are found from the analysis
of seismic signals produced by Mw = 5.0 to Mw = 7.4 Vrancea earthquakes and recorded at the Moskva seismic station. Extrapolation of the parameters of the weak and moderate
earthquakes towards stronger seismic events provides an estimate for the maximum expected horizontal accelerations of Ahor = 2.3 cm/s2 in case of the Mw = 8.0 Vrancea earthquake. The synthetic accelerogram of the maximum possible effect on the benchmark soils of Moscow is calculated.
The displacements of the ground are multidimensional and not necessarily oriented strictly towards the seismic source. These
inferences suggest that the MSK-64 macroseismic scale be corrected and the Construction Norms and Regulations, SNIP II-7-81*,
be updated with regard to the hazard assessment of low-frequency seismic effects of 5 point and weaker seismic events including
those caused by distant earthquakes. 相似文献
3.
According to general seismic zoning maps, Moscow is in an area with a seismic intensity of 5, in which the maximum seismic effect is expected from remote deep-focal earthquakes in the Vrancea zone (Eastern Carpathians, Romania). In our previous studies, an earthquake with a hypocenter at a depth of 80–150 km in the Vrancea zone, a moment magnitude of Mw = 8.0, and a drop in stress of Δσ = 325 bar was used as a scenario earthquake for Moscow. A series of model acceleration time histories for ground vibrations was calculated for this earthquake for the reference local conditions of the Moskva seismic station (Moscow, Pyzhevskii per. 3). In this paper, these acceleration time histories are used to calculate the acceleration time histories and estimate the ground vibration parameters for an scenario earthquake at other sites on the territory of Moscow for which information on soil conditions is available. Since the epicentral distance is large (~1300 km), it can be assumed that changes in the shape and spectral content of the acceleration time histories at different sites in Moscow are only caused by different local conditions. 相似文献
4.
我国新的地震区划图(1990年版)是采用地震危险性慨率分析方法编制的。该图给出的是场点地震烈度值,该值在50年内被突破的概率为0.1。人们普遍关注该图与我国曾经编制的地震区划图(1957年版,1977年版)的区别,该图超越概率概念的内含和外延以及超越概率水平为什么采用50年超越概率0.1。本文围绕这些问题进行了讨论。分析结果表明,前两张地震区划图编图的基本着眼点都是地震预测,而新的地震区划着眼于场点的地震动预测。新的地震区划图是按场点地震危险性分析方法给出的,它所表示的地震危险性只能针对具体的场点,不能完全反映区域的地震危险性特征。而弄清场点地震危险性和区域地震危险性的差异是正确进行区域防灾对策的基础。作者希望这些讨论能对正确使用新的地震区划图有所裨益。 相似文献
5.
A. A. Nikonov 《Seismic Instruments》2014,50(2):155-168
The Kaliningrad earthquakes of September 21, 2004, were unpredicted and unprecedented in intensity. These features determine the necessity of a thorough search for the historical records on past strong seismic events in the region. Based on the discovered historical data, the paper analyzes the seismic activation at the beginning of the 14th century. The historical event is parameterized and compared with the 2004 Kaliningrad earthquakes. An attempt is made to estimate the seismic potential of the region and to clarify the main features of its long-term seismic regime. 相似文献
6.
Geotechnical engineering aspects of the catastrophic earthquake, which occurred in Japan on March, 11, 2011 and called Tohoku
earthquake are discussed. A review is presented of the first results obtained mainly by Japanese scientists based on records
of seismic networks of Japan K-NET, Kik-net and on GPS data. The basic concepts of seismic zoning in Japan and the location
of the Tohoku-oki earthquake on the seismic zoning maps are described, as well as models of the source process obtained by
various authors based on teleseismic data, strong motion data, GPS data, and tsunami observations. The recorded peak accelerations
and velocities and their correspondence to the current empirical attenuation curves are discussed. The records of the Tohoku
earthquake made by Japanese seismic networks K-NET, Kik-net and some others represent unique seismological material and the
most complete seismic database (including vertical array records) in the near-source zone of a strongest earthquake with magnitude
M
w
= 9. These data will be studied by seismologists all over the world for many years and, probably, they will answer many questions
of geotechnical seismic engineering. 相似文献
7.
This study aimed at the micro-level seismic behavior and zoning of the saline sabkha strata in Jubail industrial area in Eastern Saudi Arabia. It encompasses the evaluation of the site-specific seismic response parameters and the liquefaction potential for various possible subsurface conditions under the probable seismic event(s). The approach to achieve the objectives of this study included the following: analysis of geologic, hydrologic, and geotechnical data of the area; performance of field and laboratory dynamic testing; and dynamic modeling and analysis of the subsurface profiles. The results of the simulation have been used to develop liquefaction potential maps and site-specific spectra of the study area, consisting of ten seismic zones under a range of probable peak horizontal ground acceleration (PHA). Results do not show significant probability of liquefaction of the loose soil layers in the study area at the maximum possible design PHA of 0.035 g; however, liquefaction is anticipated at higher PHA values. Site-specific spectral response resulted in values of S s and S 1 spectral accelerations to be different as compared to those suggested by local standards. The resulting seismic micro-zonation maps and the corresponding parameters are very useful for the stability analysis of the existing and planned structures in the Jubail area. 相似文献
8.
新的国家地震区划图即中国地震动参数区划图已于2001年8月正式出版．该地震区划图包括峰值加速度区划图和反应谱特征周期区划图．该区划图风险水平为50年超越概率0.1, 比例尺为1∶400万．该区划图已经作为国家标准颁布．本文介绍了该区划图编制的背景、编图的技术思路以及主要科学问题、基本特征和使用． 相似文献
9.
E. A. Rogozhin A. N. Ovsyuchenko S. S. Novikov A. V. Marakhanov 《Seismic Instruments》2011,47(4):295-306
Resulting from the seismotectonic study of the Sambian Peninsula based on the interpretation of remote sensing data (satellite
images and digital elevation maps), lineaments have been identified. They may be interpreted as active faults and flexure-fracture
zones. These active faults, which are expressed in the form of gentle linear swells or steps in the relief, have been found
and studied during the carried out field works. There are many discovered paleoseismic dislocations in the studied areas of
active faults: fracture displacements, marks of liquefaction (sand dykes), near-fault folds. These seismic dislocations may
indicate seismic shocks of 7–8 intensity points occurring in the neighborhood of a modern Kaliningrad city in recent geological
history. The identified active structures (Yantarny Fault Zone and Bakalino flexure-fracture zone) could control sources of
the 2004 Kaliningrad earthquakes. 相似文献
10.
A. A. Nikonov 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2008,44(11):915-926
The seismic situation in the SE Baltic region that existed during the period 1990–2006, including the unexpectedly strong Kaliningrad earthquakes of 2004, is analyzed. The spatiotemporal variation of seismic events in the region is examined on the basis of a newly compiled catalog of tectonic earthquakes. The analysis revealed outbursts of seismic activity in 1995 and 2004, structurization of the distribution of shocks, and their southward migration. The distribution of hot springs that arose in 2002–2004 is analyzed in relation to seismological data. The seismic process and thermal anomalies are shown to be geodynamically controlled, which provided constraints on the nucleation process and focal mechanism of the Kaliningrad earthquakes. The region, located in the western East European platform, should be regarded as seismically rather active. 相似文献
11.
The estimation of site intensity occurrence probabilities in low seismic activity regions has been studied from different points of view. However, no method has been definitively established because several problems arise when macroseismic historical data are incomplete and the active zones are not well determined. The purpose of this paper is to present a method that estimates site occurrence probabilities and at the same time measures the uncertainties inherent in these probabilities in low activity regions. The region to be studied is divided into very broad seismic zones. An exponential intensity probability law is adjusted for each zone and the degree of uncertainty in the assumed incompleteness of the catalogue is evaluated for each intensity. These probabilities are used to establish what may be termed ‘prior site occurrence models’. A Bayesian method is used to improve ‘prior models’ and to obtain the ‘posterior site occurrence models’. Epicentre locations are used to recover spatial information lost in the prior broad zoning. This Bayesian correction permits the use of specific attenuation for different events and may take into account, by means of conservative criteria, epicentre location errors. Following Bayesian methods, probabilities are assumed to be random variables and their distribution may be used to estimate the degree of uncertainty arising from (a) the statistical variance of estimators, (b) catalogue incompleteness and (c) mismatch of data to prior assumptions such as Poisson distribution for events and exponential distribution for intensities. The results are maps of probability and uncertainty for each intensity. These maps exhibit better spatial definition than those obtained by means of simple, broad zones. Some results for Catalonia (NE of Iberian Peninsula) are shown. 相似文献
12.
本文采用分层粘弹性介质模型计算了汶川地震对芦山震中产生的库仑应力加载的影响,进而结合Dieterich(1994)提出的速率状态摩擦定律给出芦山附近区域6级地震累积发震概率随时间的变化。结果显示,2013年芦山7.0级地震时其累积发震概率达18%,说明汶川地震产生的应力扰动加速了芦山地震的发生。本文还计算了汶川、芦山2次地震对其间"破裂空段"处产生的累积库仑应力扰动的影响,结合背景地震发生率,给出了"破裂空段"处6级地震累积发震概率变化。虽然计算结果可能受到大邑地震、介质模型参数的选取和背景地震发生概率等因素影响而存在一定误差,但"破裂空段"在2次强震应力加载下累积发震概率是不断增大的,因此我们认为"破裂空段"处发生中强地震的紧迫性不断增强。 相似文献
13.
高孟潭 《地震学报(英文版)》2003,16(6):639-645
1 Background of the new national seismic zoning map The policy of seismic disaster mitigation in the Chinese mainland is prevention first. According to the law, the earthquake design for ordinary structures must fit the demand of national seismic zoning map. Seismic zoning map is the basis of the earthquake design (TANG, 1998; WU, et al, 1998). The seismic zoning map must be updated with the progress in methodology and accumula-tion of the data. There are three generations of national seis… 相似文献
14.
How to test the reasonability of the seismic zoning map with probabilistic means is the most concerned problem. So far, there
were no good methods to test zoning map using actual intensity data. Firstly, the author suggest the concept of random field,
then proved that the average value of the randomifield is ergodic by using Monte Carlo method, therefor the spatial average
tend to be the average of the random field with probability of the zoning map. Thus, a method of testing seismic zoning map
with probabilistic means using spatial distributing samples of intensity caused by actual earthquakes was provided. The Chinese
seismic zoning map made in 1990 was tested using recent 15 years and 50 years intensity samples. The results shows that this
zoning map is reasonable. The method provided in this paper can be used in other circumstance in which random field methods
were used.
The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,15, 53–60, 1993. 相似文献
15.
16.
Ya. B. Radziminovich A. I. Seredkina V. I. Melnikova N. A. Gilyova 《Seismic Instruments》2017,53(4):323-332
The paper considers the Argun earthquake of July 22, 2011 (M w = 4.5), which occurred in the Argun River valley in a low-seismicity territory in China. The focal parameters of the earthquake (depth of the hypocenter, moment magnitude, scalar seismic moment, and focal mechanism) were determined by calculating the seismic moment tensor from the amplitude spectra of surface waves and the data on the signs of the first arrivals of body waves at regional stations. The solution of the focal mechanism makes it possible to assume a relationship between the earthquake focus and a fault with a northeastern strike bordering the southeastern side of the Argun Basin (in Chinese territory). The Argun earthquake was felt in Russia with an intensity of II–III to V at the epicentral distances up to 255 km. The intensity of shaking did not exceed values suggested by new GSZ-2012 and GSZ-2014 seismic zoning maps of Russian territory. Nevertheless, the question on the possible occurrence of stronger earthquakes in the studied region remains open. 相似文献
17.
Deterministic Seismic Zoning of Eastern Cuba 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
—A deterministic seismic zoning of Cuba is performed by modelling, with modal summation, the complete P-SV and SH waves fields generated by point-source earthquakes buried in flat-layered anelastic media. The results of the computation, performed for periods greater than 1 second, are presented in two sets of maps of maximum displacement (d max), maximum velocity (v max) and design ground acceleration (DGA), obtained by using two different criteria in the definition of the input magnitude: (1) values reported in the earthquake catalogue (M obs) and (2) values determined from seismotectonic considerations (M max). A comparison with the results of a previous probabilistic seismic zoning is made to test the possibility of making intensity — ground motion conversion with the aid of log-linear regressions. 相似文献
18.
The paper presents an alternative consistent seismotectonic model of the Kaliningrad (Russia) September 21, 2004, earthquake according to which source zones of the two strongest shocks were confined to a N-S fault off the Sambiiskii Peninsula in the Kaliningrad region. A left-lateral deformation fractured a local crustal zone between the town of Yantarnyi and the settlement of Bakalino. The model was constructed with the use of a method developed by the authors for structural analysis of gravity and magnetic data. Initial materials are revised in terms of the EMS-98 macroseismic scale, and modified maps showing the shaking intensity in the NW part of the Sambiiskii Peninsula are compiled. 相似文献
19.
Update of normative seismic zoning in the framework of the integrated information system for the seismic safety of Russia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
V. I. Ulomov 《Seismic Instruments》2013,49(2):87-114
The article deals with updating databases and the general seismic zoning maps of the Russian territory (GSZ-97). Development of new maps (GSZ-2012) is considered. Recommendations on updating the building codes are made. The article reports on the development of the Integrated Information System “Seismic Safety of Russia” that involves operation of the specialized interactive maps of seismic hazard forecast. 相似文献
20.
Two kinds of methods for determining seismic parameters are presented,that is,the potential seismic source zoning method and grid-spatially smoothing method. The Gaussian smoothing method and the modified Gaussian smoothing method are described in detail, and a comprehensive analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of these methods is made. Then,we take central China as the study region,and use the Gaussian smoothing method and potential seismic source zoning method to build seismic models to calculate the mean annual seismic rate. Seismic hazard is calculated using the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis method to construct the ground motion acceleration zoning maps. The differences between the maps and these models are discussed and the causes are investigated. The results show that the spatial smoothing method is suitable for estimating the seismic hazard over the moderate and low seismicity regions or the hazard caused by background seismicity; while the potential seismic source zoning method is suitable for estimating the seismic hazard in well-defined seismotectonics. Combining the spatial smoothing method and the potential seismic source zoning method with an integrated account of the seismicity and known seismotectonics is a feasible approach to estimate the seismic hazard in moderate and low seismicity regions. 相似文献