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1.
The evaluation of seismic passive earth pressure is an important aspect in designing safe retaining walls. In this paper, a slice analysis method is adopted to study the nonlinear distribution of seismic passive earth pressure while considering most of the possible parameters. The closed-form expressions for the resultant force of seismic passive earth pressure, earth pressure distribution, and its application position are obtained. The explicit solution for the critical failure angle of seismic passive earth pressure is proposed by simplifying the relation between the resultant force and the failure angle based on a graphical analysis method. Under certain conditions, the present method correlates with classical passive earth pressure theories. By comparing the present method with test results and previously published solutions, the results are found to be consistent. The influence of the seismic coefficients on seismic passive earth pressure is also studied. 相似文献
2.
Seismic Passive Earth Thrust on Retaining Walls with Cohesive Backfills Using Pseudo-Dynamic Approach 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
A. H. Shafiee A. Eskandarinejad M. Jahanandish 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2010,28(4):525-531
In this paper, the pseudo-dynamic approach is used to estimate seismic passive earth thrust on retaining walls with cohesive-frictional
backfills. The time-dependent pseudo-dynamic approach considers the influence of dynamic parameters such as the velocity of
primary and shear waves, the period of lateral shaking, and the phase and amplitude variations of horizontal and vertical
earthquake accelerations with depth. The failure plane behind the wall is assumed to be planar. The analysis is based on the
equilibrium of forces which act within the failure wedge. The obtained results show that the backfill cohesion increases both
the seismic passive earth thrust and the failure plane inclination angle with the horizontal plane. It is also observed that
both horizontal and vertical seismic accelerations have decreasing effect on seismic passive earth thrust as well as failure
plane inclination angle. The results of present pseudo-dynamic analysis propose a lower solution for seismic passive earth
thrust compared to earlier pseudo-static solution available in the literature. 相似文献
3.
已有的刚性挡土墙上三维被动土压力的研究主要基于挡土墙平移模式(T位移模式)下开展的，而对挡土墙绕顶转动模式(RT位移模式)下三维被动土压力的研究尚不充分。因此，该文采用数值方法系统地研究了RT位移模式下三维被动土压力及三维空间滑裂面性状。针对无黏性土体，得到了挡土墙宽度与深度比值、土体摩擦角大小和墙土接触面摩擦角比值对三维被动土压力系数及墙后土体滑裂面的影响，并与T位移模式下的三维被动土压力系数和墙后土体的空间滑裂面形态进行了定量的比较。研究结果表明:RT位移模式下的三维被动土压力系数和空间滑裂面形态均受土体内摩擦角及墙土接触面摩擦角比值的影响，且两者之间存在相互联系。RT位移模式下的三维被动土压力系数和空间滑裂面形态与T位移模式下有显著的区别；RT位移模式下的三维被动土压力系数及空间滑裂面相比于T位移模式下较小。研究成果可为RT位移模式下三维被动土压力的进一步研究和相关工程设计提供参考。 相似文献
4.
本文采用非线性破坏准则分析和确定了刚性挡土墙主动土压力大小和滑动面位置。首先应用“切线法”引入了变量 和 ,然后运用迭代法计算得出对应于不同潜在滑动面上的 和 值,再运用广义库仑土压力理论求解主动土压力大小。其中对应于最大主动土压力的滑动面即为最危险滑动面,此时的所求即为主动土压力。通过与采用线性Mohr－Coulomb破坏准则下的研究结果比较得出,采用非线性破坏准则确定刚性挡土墙主动土压力更加符合实际工程,结果更加准确,而采用线性Mohr－Coulomb破坏准则计算的主动土压力结果偏小,在实际工程设计中偏于不安全。 相似文献
5.
目前关于临近地下室外墙影响的挡土墙空间土压力的计算理论的研究还比较少,原有的平面应变条件下的理论不能满足挡土墙的长高比B/H较小时的挡土墙土压力计算要求。通过将土拱效应原理引入顾慰慈[8]建立的空间土压力计算模型,建立了考虑土拱效应的临近地下室外墙影响的空间土压力计算模型,根据挡土墙和地下室外墙的间距与土体破裂面状态的关系将该模型分为3种情况,并将各模型划分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ四个区域,通过在各个区域内取水平微分单元体,建立各微分单元体的水平和竖向静力平衡方程,推导出了各区相应的挡土墙空间主动土压力计算公式,该公式可以计算出墙背任意位置的主动土压力;并提出了空间土压力合力及其合力作用点的计算方法。通过算例计算可以直观地看出挡土墙后主动土压力的空间分布,由此可以看出,当空间效应存在时,考虑土拱效应的挡土墙主动土压力沿墙长的分布与平面应变条件时有很大的不同,此时挡土墙两端附近区域的主动土压力远小于平面应变条件下计算出的主动土压力,同时可以看出,考虑空间效应的挡土墙主动土压力合力作用点要比平面应变条件下的位置要高,挡土墙长高比B/H越小,空间效应对主动土压力沿墙长的分布和主动土压力合力作用点位置的影响越大。 相似文献
6.
Seismic Passive Earth Pressure Behind Non-vertical Retaining Wall Using Pseudo-dynamic Analysis 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Priyanka Ghosh 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2007,25(6):693-703
This paper shows a detailed study on the seismic passive earth pressure behind a non-vertical cantilever retaining wall using
pseudo-dynamic analysis. A planar failure surface has been considered behind the retaining wall. The effects of soil friction
angle, wall inclination, wall friction angle, horizontal and vertical earthquake acceleration on the passive earth pressure
have been explored. Unlike the Mononobe–Okabe method, which incorporates pseudo-static analysis, the present analysis predicts
a nonlinear variation of passive earth pressure along the wall. The results have been thoroughly compared with the existing
values in the literature. 相似文献
7.
In this paper, the normal stress distribution function along the failure surface in soil obeying general nonlinear failure criterion is first derived, and then a method for calculating the static and seismic active earth pressure for soils obeying nonlinear failure criteria is proposed. The method proposed yields not only the active earth pressure and its action point, but also the failure surface and the stress distribution along it. Results of the calculated examples by the proposed method are more reasonable than those reported in the literature. The influence of the parameters of the nonlinear failure criterion on the active earth pressures is also investigated. 相似文献
8.
By using pseudo-dynamic approach, a method has been proposed in this paper to compute the seismic passive earth pressure behind
a rigid cantilever retaining wall with bilinear backface. The wall has sudden change in inclination along its depth and a
planar failure surface has been considered behind the retaining wall. The effects of a wide range of parameters like soil
friction angle, wall inclination, wall friction angle, amplification of vibration, variation of shear modulus and horizontal
and vertical seismic accelerations on the passive earth pressure have been explored in the present study. For the sake of
illustration, the computations have been exclusively carried out for constant wall friction through out the depth. Unlike
the Mononobe-Okabe method, which incorporates pseudo-static analysis, the present analysis predicts a nonlinear variation
of passive earth pressure along the wall. 相似文献
9.
The plane strain condition is a common, but polyaxial stress state for geotechnical structure designs, in which the selection of an appropriate yield or failure criterion is crucial to reasonably account for the intermediate principal stress. Under plane strain condition, a unified linear yield criterion for seven commonly used geotechnical yield criteria is presented in conjunction with the inductive method. These seven yield criteria considered in this study are the Mohr–Coulomb, Tresca, Drucker–Prager, Mogi–Coulomb, Extended Matsuoka–Nakai, Extended Lade–Duncan criteria, and the Unified Strength Theory. The generalized analytical solutions for earth pressure of retaining walls, critical load of strip foundations as well as stress and displacement of circular tunnels are derived on the basis of the proposed unified yield criterion, and their respective theoretical significance is analyzed. Thereafter, the critical load of strip foundations obtained herein is compared with two numerical results from the literature. Furthermore, the effect of strength theory on result differences of the three typical geotechnical problems by simply selecting constants, which conform to different yield criteria, is explored through a parametric study. It is found that the proposed unified yield criterion is convenient for investigating analytical solutions of the aforementioned geotechnical structures. The strength theory effect due to adopting different yield criteria is considerably significant, which cannot be ignored. Additionally, recommendations are provided on how to make use of these seven yield criteria for an optimum design. 相似文献
10.
加筋土挡墙在地震荷载作用下的位移大小对结构的抗震性能影响显著。为了计算地震荷载作用下加筋土挡墙的位移,Newmark滑块法通常被用于设计中。由于传统的Newmark滑块法在计算中忽略了填土强度的变化,因而采用单一峰值或残余强度的计算将可能导致计算得到的位移小于或大于实际位移值。在二楔块破坏模式的假定条件下,根据楔块的力学平衡条件,建立了加筋土挡墙滑动安全系数计算式,同时通过引入位移阈值考虑了填土的应变软化特点。通过将计算结果与模型试验结果对比,得到以下结论：相较于单楔块法,二楔块法更能真实地反映出墙体的实际破坏模式,且计算得到的屈服加速度系数更接近试验值;相较于采用单一峰值或残余强度计算的位移,考虑填土应变软化的计算解更接近于模型测试值。 相似文献
11.
通过直剪试验研究了土的非线性破坏准则,给出了刚性挡土墙的朗肯非线性被动土压力公式并采用自适应步长Simpson积分法进行了求解,与线性Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则下朗肯被动土压力进行了对比,结果表明,采用线性Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则计算的被动土压力结果偏大35%～40%,在实际工程设计中偏于不安全。最后讨论了不同深度及非线性参数的影响。 相似文献
12.
Debabrata Giri 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2014,9(1):72-78
The designing of retaining walls requires the complete knowledge of earth pressure distribution. Under earthquake conditions the design needs special attention to reduce the devastating effect, but under seismic conditions, the available literature mostly uses the pseudo-static analytical solution as an approximate to the real dynamic nature of the complex problem. This paper shows a detailed study on the seismic passive earth thrust behind a cantilever retaining wall with inclined backfill surface by pseudo-dynamic analysis. A planar failure surface has been considered. The effect of variation of parameters such as soil friction angle, wall friction angle and back fill inclination have been explored. A complete analysis shows that the time dependent non-linear behaviour of the pressure distribution obtained in the present method results in more realistic design values of earth pressures under earthquake conditions. Results are provided in tabular and graphical non-dimensional form and compared thoroughly with the existing values in the literature. 相似文献
13.
以成昆铁路复线加筋土挡墙为工程依托进行现场原位试验,对比分析工后9个月内新型整体式面板、内嵌返包结构的模块式面板和模块式面板3类加筋土挡墙的结构特性。在此期间发生两次地震,监测了震后挡墙变形及土压力变化。结果表明:整体式面板加筋土挡墙整体稳定性最好,具有良好的抗震性能,格栅应变变化率、墙体压缩量和墙面水平位移均最小。整体式面板和模块式面板加筋土挡墙墙背土压力沿墙高近似呈M型,内嵌返包结构的模块式面板加筋土挡墙墙背土压力沿墙高近似呈倒S型。整体式面板加筋土挡墙的侧向土压力系数沿墙高变化较小,小于美国联邦公路局(FHWA)加筋设计指南计算值;内嵌返包结构的模块式面板加筋土挡墙侧向土压力系数沿墙高呈增大的趋势,挡墙中、下部小于FHWA计算值,上部接近或大于静止土压力系数;模块式面板加筋土挡墙侧向土压力系数大部分处在FHWA计算值与静止土压力系数之间。3类挡墙土工格栅应变沿墙高均呈非线性变化。挡墙墙体压缩量随着时间的增加逐渐增加,在工后前50 d时间内增加速率较快,随后增加速率减缓,进入雨季之后增加速率再次增大。发生地震后,3类加筋土挡墙均出现不同程度的墙背土压力减小、格栅应变增大、墙体压缩量增加和墙面板外移的现象。 相似文献
15.
地震液化条件下重力式码头的变形破坏机理 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
现场调查发现在神户地震期间重力式码头破坏时都发生了相当大的侧向位移，因此，阐明挡土墙有变形机理对于改善抗震设计具有十分重要的意义。为此，根据相似原理设计了重力式码头的地基模型，进行了一系列的振动台试验。试验结果表明：基底土的强度降低和局部液化是挡土墙变形破坏的主导因素。墙后动土压力的增加为挡土墙的运动提供了条件。在液化条件下重力式码头地基的运动以侧向位移为主。重力作用是地基侧向运动的主要影响因素。减少作用于挡土墙上的动土压力和充分填实基底下的砂土是增加重力式码头抗震稳定性的重要措施。 相似文献
16.
17.
采用旋转挡土墙计算模型的变换法,将在地震和拟静力法条件下主动土压力的求解问题转化为在静力条件下主动土压力的求解问题。根据在静力条件下水平层分析法的主动土压力推导结果,直接获得在地震条件下主动土压力强度分布、土压力合力及其作用点位置的表达式,并运用图解法得到了临界破裂角的解析解。公式可考虑水平和垂直地震加速度、不同墙背倾角、墙背和坡面倾角与填料存在黏结力和外摩擦角、存在均布超载等诸多因素的影响,公式可以适用于在常用边界和地震条件下黏性土的主动土压力计算。旋转地震角法是将在地震和拟静力法条件下挡土墙计算模型旋转为在静力条件下挡土墙计算模型,但旋转挡土墙计算模型并不改变挡土墙和墙后填土的应力状态,按在静力条件下挡土墙主动土压力求解方法求解在地震和拟静力法条件下主动土压力,该方法大大简化了在地震和拟静力法条件下的主动土压力计算公式推导过程,统一了在拟静力法条件下的地震土压力求解,理论更加完善。 相似文献
18.
黏性土填料下考虑土拱效应的挡土墙被动土压力计算 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为解释挡土墙后填土被动土压力的非线性分布现象,在考虑土拱形状为圆弧,滑裂面采用朗肯滑裂面的基础上,给出考虑土拱效应的被动土压力系数Kawn,进而基于应力状态法及土楔形体静力平衡两种思想求解了竖向平均应力 公式,在该基础上,给出黏性土填料下的挡土墙被动土压力分布公式、合力公式及作用点高度计算公式。通过与试验与其他方法对比,文中提出的方法得到验证。最后,研究了黏性土填料下的挡土墙被动土压力变化规律,即考虑土拱效应求得的黏性土填料的被动土压力分布呈现上小下大的指数型分布。此外,随着δ/φ（δ为墙土摩擦角,φ为内摩擦角）的增大,土拱效应逐渐增强,土压力合力点逐渐降低。 相似文献
19.
为确定地震条件下悬臂式挡土墙主动土压力,考虑假想坦墙墙背的可能不同位置,给出了墙后填土5种可能的失稳破坏模式;在此基础上,采用拟静力法,基于极限分析上限定理,推导了作用于坦墙墙背上的地震主动土压力计算公式,包括填土性质、填方坡面倾角、踵板长度、墙体高度、水平及竖向地震影响系数等多因素,其中除填土黏聚力与竖向地震影响系数与该土压力呈线性相关性外,其余因素呈非线性影响。实例分析表明,基于本方法地震土压力而计算的墙体抗滑与抗倾稳定系数,多数情况下均比经典的Mononobe-Okabe法略偏大;在填土中存在第二破裂面情况下,以踵板下边缘作为假想墙背端点的计算模式相对略偏不安全;竖直假想墙背模式相应的土压力计算值最小,但相应的墙体稳定系数却不一定最大。 相似文献
20.
挡土结构上土压力的计算是土力学和岩土工程领域的基本研究课题之一。实际工程中的土压力通常是介于主动土压力和被动土压力之间的某一值,墙后填土由于碾压具有较高的密实度。经典的朗肯和库仑土压力理论只能计算极限状态下的土压力,没有考虑挡墙的位移以及剪切过程中密砂的强度从峰值强度降低到残余强度这一强度变化特性对于土压力的影响。给出了考虑挡墙位移效应的被动侧土压力计算方法,该方法能够同时考虑剪切过程中密砂的强度从峰值强度降低为残余强度这一强度变化特性对被动土压力的影响。通过土压力模型试验结果对计算方法进行了初步验证,计算结果和试验结果吻合较好,表明了该方法的有效性。 相似文献