共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
《华南地质与矿产》2017,(2)
查明防城区地下水水化学特征及主要离子来源,对该地区地下水资源保护和开发利用具有重要意义。以防城区地下水为研究对象,通过分析水化学组分和氢氧同位素特征,研究地下水水化学特征,确定补给来源,识别其主要组分的物质来源。研究结果表明:研究区地下水水化学类型主要为HCO_3-Mg·Ca型、SO_4·Cl-Ca·Mg型和SO_4·Cl-Na型,阳离子以Ca~(2+)和Na~+为主,阴离子以HCO_3~-和SO_4~(2-)为主。同位素分析显示,研究区地下水以大气降水补给为主。Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、HCO_3~-主要来源于碳酸盐岩的溶解,而高位养殖、农业活动、工业排污等导致地下水中SO_4~(2-)、Na~+、K~+、Cl~-、NO_3~-含量增加。 相似文献
2.
典型华北型煤矿区主要充水含水层水文地球化学特征及控制因素 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
地下水形成、演化过程中控制因素不同所造成的水化学组分的差异性是矿井涌水水源识别的基础,为揭示矿井主要充水含水层水化学作用及控制因素,以位于太行山东麓的典型华北型煤矿区——鹤壁矿区为研究对象,采用统计分析、Piper三线图、Gibbs图、离子相关性分析与主成分分析法对矿区122个地下水水化学资料进行了分析研究。结果表明鹤壁矿区主要充水含水层中地下水的化学组分主要受岩石的风化作用控制。奥灰水主要水化学类型为HCO_3-Ca·Mg型,水中Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)主要来自碳酸盐岩(方解石和白云石)的溶解。二灰水主要水化学类型为HCO_3·SO_4-Ca·Mg型或SO_4·HCO_3-Ca·Mg型,其中Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、HCO_3~-的主要来源于碳酸盐岩的溶解,SO_4~(2-)来自硫酸盐岩的溶解作用和黄铁矿的氧化作用。砂岩水主要水化学类型为HCO_3-Na型,Na~+、Cl~-与HCO_3~-主要来自盐岩的溶解和硅酸盐矿物的风化作用。八灰水既有HCO_3-Ca·Mg型和HCO_3·SO_4-Ca·Mg型,也有HCO_3-Na型,Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、HCO_~3-和SO_4~(2-)的来源与二灰水一致,Na~+和Cl~-可能来自盐岩的溶解作用以及砂岩水与八灰水的混合作用。 相似文献
3.
浅析黔东地区岩溶地下水水化学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《地下水》2015,(6)
黔东地区碳酸盐岩分布广泛,因其可溶性强,常发育成落水洞、溶洞、岩溶管道等岩溶形态。研究本区岩溶地下水的水化学特征有助于了解地下水的运移规律,具有重大的实际意义。统计分析岩溶地下水水化学特征认为,在丰水期,地下水中的主要组分Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、HCO)3~-、SO_4~(2-)、和矿化度呈现下降的趋势,p H值呈现升高的趋势,地下水动态过程曲线呈尖齿状。在枯水期,主要离子呈现上升、p H值降低的趋势,其平面形态呈波状。从研究区岩溶地下水的化学组分的物质来源看,其主要矿物质成分为Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)和HCO_3~-。矿化度、硬度、钙镁离子浓度之间有明显的正相关关系。 相似文献
4.
为探讨滨海流域地下水水化学成分的时空演化规律及影响因素,以青岛市大沽河流域为研究对象,运用数理统计、Piper三线图、Gibbs图解法、离子比例系数等方法对2001~2012年137个地下水样的水化学成分进行系统分析。研究结果表明:流域内地下水以碱土金属Ca~(2+)为优势阳离子,重碳酸根HCO_3~-为优势阴离子,主要离子含量年际变化不大,基本符合枯升丰降的原则,但区域差异较为明显;2001~2012年地下水化学类型由Ca~(2+)—Mg~(2+)—SO_4~(2-)—Cl~-、Ca~(2+)—Mg~(2+)—HCO_3~-—Cl~-型变为Ca~(2+)—Mg~(2+)—SO_4~(2-)—Cl~-、Ca~(2+)—Na~+—HCO_3~-—Cl~-、Na~+—Ca~(2+)—Cl~-—HCO_3~-混合型水;岩石风化作用是区内地下水化学组分的主要控制因素;农业活动中氮肥的过度施用、粪便及生活污水等人为来源的输入则为区内NO_3~-含量较高的主要影响因素。 相似文献
5.
为研究降水补给地下水过程中包气带岩土对水化学的影响,在沂源地区采集了不同地表岩土样品开展淋溶和浸泡试验。淋溶结果显示:易溶的Cl~-、SO_4~(2-)、CO_3~(2-)、NO_2~-、NO_3~-等阴离子率先溶解进入淋溶水中,之后K~+,Ca~(2+),Mg~(2+),Fe等含量逐渐增加,且淋溶初期p H值呈碱性,之后向中性过渡。浸泡结果显示:不同类型岩土样经过浸泡5min后,其水化学组分发生了显著变化;随浸泡时间增加,K~+、Na~+、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、HCO_3~-及含盐量均出现不同程度增加,但Cl~-、SO_4~(2-)在不同类型岩土中含量变化则是不同的。由此推测,降水转入地下水过程中,透过地表浅层包气带时就已经淋溶了大量物质,水化学性质发生了重大变化。 相似文献
6.
安庆大别山区位于大别山造山带东侧,调查研究了该区饮用天然矿泉水6处(锶偏硅酸型2处,锶型1处,偏硅酸型3处),理疗天然矿泉水硅酸水3处。在分析矿泉水的水化学特征和环境同位素特征的基础上,进一步探讨其成因模式。冷泉(井)水(AH1、AH3、AH4、AH5、AH8和AH9)的主要离子为Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Na~+和HCO_3~-,水化学类型为HCO_3·Ca型、HCO_3-Ca·Na型或HCO_3-Ca·Mg型,TDS值为90～239 mg/L;温泉(AH2、AH6和AH7)的主要离子为Na~+和SO_4~(2-),水化学类型为SO_4-Na型或SO_4·HCO_3-Na型,TDS值为253～426 mg/L。利用δ~2H值和δ~(18)O值估算的冷泉水的补给区高程为217～346 m,平均温度为17.7℃;温泉水的补给区高程为457～668 m,平均温度为12.6℃。9处矿泉水均为大气降水补给,沿断裂带或裂隙带历经一定深度的循环,在山谷、河谷地带出露地表。温泉地下水的循环深度大、水-岩作用时间长,TDS值、特征化学组分含量均高于冷泉水。 相似文献
7.
为查明珲春盆地地下水化学特征,对珲春盆地地下水进行了取样测试,对测试结果采用Aquchm、SPSS和MAPGIS等软件进行了水化学特征分析。结果表明珲春盆地地下水中TFe、Mn~(2+)和NO_3~-超标比较严重,总体珲春河南区比珲春河北区水质差。地下水化学类型以HCO_3-CaMg为主,部分地区为C1HCO_2、ClSO_4CO_3、SO_4C1HCO_3等型水。地下水中TDS、Ca~(2+)、Cl~-、Mg~(2+)、SO_4~(2-)和NO_3~-(以N记)相关性较高,地下水化学演化过程主要是溶滤作用。 相似文献
8.
研究区潜水水质总体较差,主要超标指标和组分为:(NO_3)~-、总硬度、Fe~(2+)、(NO_2)~-、TDS,其次为Cl~-、(SO_4)~(2-)。(NO_3)~-超标点大多出现在城镇居民区、农业生产区及地下水开采区,总硬度的升高主要是由水中Mg~(2+)含量的增加引起的,其含量与水中阴离子组分也有明显的正相关性,矿化度的增加则与水中(SO_4)~(2-)、Na~+的增加密切相关。与本区20世纪70—80年代水质情况对比,现在水质发生了显著的变化,总硬度、TDS、pH值基本上呈上升的趋势,高阳、雄县、安新局部地区矿化度、总硬度的增加显著,而水中各组分的增长幅度依次为:(SO_4)~(2-)Na~+(HCO_3)~-Cl~-Mg~(2+)Ca~(2+),水化学类型由70年代的HCO_3- Ca·Mg(Ca、Mg·Ca)型逐渐复杂多样化,地下水有碱化的趋势。主要从地下水开采方面初步探讨了本区水化学变化的原因。 相似文献
9.
《地质灾害与环境保护》2021,32(1)
为识别甘肃南部宕昌-武山县不同地层条件下的地下水特征、演变规律及其形成原因,本文运用数理统计、Piper图、Gibbs图、离子比值、饱和指数等方法,对研究区地下水化学类型、分布特征及成因进行分析。结果表明:(1)碳酸盐岩地层及碳酸盐岩夹砂岩地层中各离子含量稳定,阴阳离子分别以HCO_3~-、SO_4~(2-)和Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)为主,水化学类型为HCO_3-Ca型水;砂岩地层中离子浓度变化大,Na~+、Cl~-浓度差异突出,水化学类型为HCO_3-Ca、HCO_3-Ca·Mg以及HCO_3-Na·Ca型水。(2)各地层地下水中离子均受岩石风化作用控制,在地下水径流过程中,主要发生了岩盐、石膏的溶解,方解石的沉淀,白云石和长石的溶解或沉淀,以及阳离子交换作用。其中砂岩地层中阳离子离子交换作用强于其他地层。(3)特殊地质条件下如断层泉水样点受补给来源、径流路径、地下水循环交替程度等因素影响,水化学组分异于常值。 相似文献
10.
敦煌盆地地下水水化学特征及水质评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《地质科技情报》2016,(5)
通过对敦煌盆地38个地下水样品的采集和测试,运用描述性统计法和因子分析法对地下水的化学特征及其成因进行了分析。在此基础上,利用美国农业部(USDA)评价方法和Wilcox图解法对地下水质进行了评价。研究结果表明:敦煌盆地浅层地下水中主要阳离子为Ca~(2+)、Na~+、Mg~(2+),主要阴离子从补给区→径流区→排泄区由HCO_3~-→SO_4~(2-)→Cl~-转换;深层地下水中阳离子以Na~+、Mg~(2+)为主,阴离子主要为Cl~-、SO_4~(2-)、HCO_3~-,且三者含量较为接近;影响盆地内地下水化学特征的主要因素为蒸发浓缩作用和矿物的溶解作用;水质评价结果显示,可作为农作物灌溉用水的水样约占总水样的26.3%,分布在党河洪积扇扇顶补给区、扇中与扇缘径流区和盆地东南部细土平原径流区。 相似文献
11.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
12.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
13.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
14.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
15.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
16.
Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
20.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献