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针对侧扫声纳定位采样率与回波采样率不同步的问题,提出基于三次样条函数的定位数据平滑方法,将定位数据与回波数据一一对应,避免声纳图像产生空白区或像素重叠。实验数据结果表明:该方法可对定位数据进行较好的平滑,有效消除拖鱼因航向改变或航迹不稳而产生的航迹线折点,从而消除了声纳图像中的条形、扇形裂缝,解决了由采样率不同引起的声纳图像不连续现象,为后续地理编码图的处理提供了前提。 相似文献
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侧扫声纳技术应用日益广泛,已成为海洋测量的重要工具,而去除噪声处理是对侧扫声纳图像进行正确判读的前提。利用小波函数滤波处理的方法,分别采用Haar、Daubechies、Coiflets、Symlets、Discrete Meyer、Biorthogonal、Reverse Biorthogonal等小波函数与中值滤波函数对侧扫声纳图像进行处理,并以平滑指数和边缘保持指数为评价指标,对滤波效果进行定量比较。试验表明,小波函数可以有效地平滑声纳图像,并能保持其较好的边缘效果。 相似文献
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直接采用GRACE时变重力场模型反演地球表层质量变化的结果会呈现严重的南北方向条带状误差。滑动窗口拟合多项式方法是一种有效的经验性去相关滤波方法,能有效削弱中高纬度地区条带状误差。球谐系数去相关滤波起算阶数、滑动窗口宽度以及拟合多项式阶数是影响去相关滤波方法效果的关键因素。采用GRACE RL05时变重力场模型数据对去相关滤波的参数选取进行了实验分析,得到了去相关滤波的经验参数,实验结果表明:GRACE时变重力场模型去相关滤波起算阶数应取15阶,滑动窗口宽度应取5或7个点,拟合多项式阶数应设为3阶或4阶。 相似文献
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人工鱼礁的投放是海洋牧场建设的重要措施,为实现大范围人工鱼礁信息的自动识别提取,提出了一套基于侧扫声纳影像的人工鱼礁自动识别方法。首先使用侧扫声纳后处理软件对采集的数据进行预处理,再对预处理后的图像进行均值平滑滤波整体去噪、自适应平滑滤波局部去噪、极差滤波锐化图像、提取目标边缘判定目标、二值化,最后进行矩阵运算提取礁体及其声影区,最终获得鱼礁的位置信息。实验结果表明,本方法应用于两种侧扫声纳图像人工鱼礁识别,正确度达94%以上,完整度达85%以上,且具有良好的通用性,能够为海洋牧场建设中人工鱼礁投放质量评估提供科学的数据支撑。 相似文献
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从侧扫声纳各类数据的特点出发,通过构建声纳图像的地理编码模型,提出侧扫声纳图像地理编码方法,将声纳回波数据与定位数据一一对应。实验数据结果表明:该方法是合理可行的,不仅较好地处理了定位数据,消除了拖鱼轨迹线上的折点和扇形裂缝,而且可实现海底回波点的地理定位。 相似文献
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文章提出了一种识别混合层深度的人工智能方法。该方法在温度(密度)与压强(或深度)间建立线性模型, 并且将其系数和方差做成一组表征廓线特征的统计量。初始时为模型设定一个主观的先验分布, 在一个自海表向下移动的窗口内通过贝叶斯链式法则和最小描述长度原理学习新数据, 得到系数均值的最大后验概率估计。用F-检验识别系数发生突变的位置, 以此确定混合层的存在性及其深度。通过2017年2月太平洋海域的地转海洋学实时观测阵(Array for Real-time Geostrophic Oceanography, ARGO)数据进行测试, 并且以质量因子(Quality Index, QI)值作为判断识别混合层深度结果准确性的依据, 发现该方法相比于梯度法、阈值法、混合法、相对变化法、最大角度法和最优线性插值法在识别结果上具备更大的QI值。表明该方法能够准确识别混合层深度。 相似文献
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In atmospheric data assimilation (DA), observations over a 6–12-h time window are used to estimate the state. Non-adaptive moderation or localization functions are widely used in ensemble DA to reduce the amplitude of spurious ensemble correlations. These functions are inappropriate (1) if true error correlation functions move a comparable distance to the localization length scale over the time window and/or (2) if the widths of true error correlation functions are highly flow dependent. A method for generating localization functions that move with the true error correlation functions and that also adapt to the width of the true error correlation function is given. The method uses ensemble correlations raised to a power (ECO-RAP). A gallery of periodic one-dimensional error models is used to show how the method uses error propagation information and error correlation width information retained by powers of raw ensemble correlations to propagate and adaptively adjust the width of the localization function. It is found that ECO-RAP localization outperforms non-adaptive localization when the true errors are propagating or the error correlation length scale is varying and is as good as non-adaptive localization when such variations in error covariance structure are absent. 相似文献
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Jian-Jun Long 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(2):176-189
Seabed sediment microstructure has an influence on its acousto-physical properties, and the properties in a length of the sediment column reflect an aspect of the macroscopic behavior of the microstructure. An original measurement method of the sound attenuation within small distance cross sections in a sediment column, and the corresponding approach in data processing to attain an attenuation factor are detailed in the paper. This method was used to measure the compressional wave in series of points with a small distance in the sediment column, and it is shown that exponential attenuation is a type of compressional wave attenuation model for a sediment column in its full length. It indicates that there are various models of compressional wave attenuation in seabed sediments in the South China Sea after comparison of data from other literature. The method of measuring sound attenuation satisfies the sampling space interval in the acoustical forward and inverse problems in seabed sediments, and the original method provides a new approach for finding out sound attenuation mechanism in seabed sediments on small length scale. 相似文献
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Pairwise waveform (PWW) and pairwise spectrogram (PWS) processors for 3-D localization of unknown, continuous-wave, broadband sources in shallow water have been developed and implemented. The processors use sparse hydrophone arrays and are applicable to multiple sources, which can be unknown, continuous wave, and broadband. Here, we give new formulas for these two processors that significantly reduce computational requirements, making localization at longer ranges and higher frequencies feasible. The new processors are motivated by a demonstration that an incoherent version of the PWW (IPWW) processor (in which processor outputs at different frequencies are averaged after being processed independently) is the Bartlett processor without autoreceiver terms. The new PWW processor is mathematically equivalent to the original version, though much faster. The new PWS processor is mathematically equivalent to the original version only in the limit of infinite spectrogram window length, but for window lengths that are optimal with the old PWS processor, the new PWS processor gives essentially the same results with much greater speed. Simulations comparing PWS processing to Bartlett, PWW processing, and a time difference of arrival method indicate that the main advantage of PWS processing is for multiple sources in uncertain, high-noise environments at ranges many wavelengths long. With PWS, increased robustness with respect to mismatch is obtained at the expense of reduced resolution; varying PWS processor parameters (such as the size of windows used to create spectrograms) optimizes this tradeoff. This work is motivated by the problem of localizing singing humpback whales, and simulation results use whale sources. 相似文献
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张学斌 《数字海洋与水下攻防》2018,1(3):58-62
针对水下被测磁场目标,根据磁场测量的要求,分析计算了测量单元的布置方式和基阵的受力,设计了一种用于布放该磁场测量系统的基阵结构。 通过海上试验验证,该基阵入水姿态平稳,着底姿态良好,满足测试要求,为水下装备磁场指标评估提供依据和方法。 相似文献
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Temporal evolution of innovation and residual statistics in the ECMWF variational data assimilation systems 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
HEIKKI JÄRVINEN 《地球，A辑:动力气象学与海洋学》2001,53(3):333-347
The temporal evolution of innovation and residual statistics of the ECMWF 3D‐ and 4D‐Var data assimilation systems have been studied. First, the observational method is applied on an hourly basis to the innovation sequences in order to partition the perceived forecast error covariance into contributions from observation and background errors. The 4D‐Var background turns out to be ignificantly more accurate than the background in the 3D‐Var. The estimated forecast error variance associated with the 4D‐Var background trajectory increases over the assimilation window. There is also a marked broadening of the horizontal error covariance length scale over the assimilation window. Second, the standard deviation of the residuals, i.e., the fit of observations to the analysis is studied on an hourly basis over the assimilation window. This fit should, in theory, reveal the effect of model error in a strong constraint variational problem. A weakly convex curve is found for this fit implying that the perfect model assumption of 4D‐Var may be violated with as short an assimilation window as six hours. For improving the optimality of variational data assimilation systems, a sequence of retunes are needed, until the specified and diagnosed error covariances agree. 相似文献
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Four-dimensional variational(4D-VAR) data assimilation method is a perfect data assimilation solution in theory, but the compu- tational issue is quite difficult in operational implementation. The incremental 4D-VAR assimilation scheme is set up in order to re- duce the computational cost. It is shown that the accuracy of the observations, the length of the assimilation window and the choice of the first guess have an important influence on the assimilation outcome through the contrast experiment. Compared with the standard 4D-VAR assimilation scheme, the incremental 4D-VAR assimilation scheme shows its advantage in the computation speed through an assimilation experiment. 相似文献
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On low-pass digital filters in oceanography 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
-Two types of filters are widely used to remove semidirunal and diurnal tidal signals and other high frequency noises in oceanography. The first type of filters uses moving average with weights in time domain, and can be easily operated. Some data will be lost at each end of the time series, especially for the low low-pass filters. The second type of filters uses the discrete Fourier transform filter (DFTF) which operates in the frequency domain, and there are no data loss at the ends for the forward transform. However, owing to the Gibbs phenomenon and the discrete sampling (Nyquist effect) , ringing appears in the inverse transformed data, which is especially serious at each end. Thus some data at the ends are also discarded. The present study tries to find out what causes the ringing and then to seek for methods to overcome the ringing. We have found that there are two kinds of ringings, one is the Gibbs phenomenon, as defined before. The other is the "Nyquist"ringing due to sampling Nyquist critical 相似文献
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目前我国深水跨江海隧道沉管对接已经实现了全景智能化对接测量技术。其中RTK天线及姿态仪设备的标定十分重要。设备标定的实质是测定设备在沉管坐标系中的安装初始位置和初始姿态。标定精度直接影响对接定位的精度。介绍了沉管对接技术中各种设备的标定原理和方法,对于弯曲沉管、静态、动态等各种情况下的标定方法给出了较详细的介绍,该方法将原来的静态、直管隧道标定方法拓展到弯管隧道和动态标定,适用于各种形状不规则的沉管标定。标定精度满足工程要求,在工程实践中得到了很好的应用和验证。 相似文献