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1.
小锍试金—无火焰原子吸收法测定地质样品中超痕量金铂铑钯 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
将锍试金改成小锍试金，用小锍和捕集法把分解样品同富集金属与分离基体成份结合在一起进行，炼得的锍和经酸处理除去贱金属硫化物，富集的贵金属采用无火焰原子吸收光说测定。取一份样可以测定Ａｕ，Ｐｔ，Ｒｈ和Ｐｄ。测定方法的特征质量：Ａｕ１．１×１０＾－１１，Ｐｔ１．３×１０＾－１９Ｐｄ１．３×１０＾－１１，Ｒｈ１．２×１０＾－１１；线性范围（μｇ／ｍｌ）；Ａｕ０－０．４０Ｐｄ和Ｒｈ为０－０．０５０，ＰｔＯ 相似文献
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硼氢化钠还原共沉淀－感耦等离子体质谱法测定岩石样品中痕量钌铑钯铱金和铂 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
研究了共沉淀分离富集贵金属元素的条件，选定在ｐＨ１．５溶液中，Ｍｎ作捕集剂，ＮａＢＨ４为还原剂，使Ｒｕ（Ⅵ）、Ｒｈ（Ⅲ）、Ｐｔ（Ⅳ）、Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）、Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）和Ａｕ（Ⅲ）贵金属离子还原成金属态沉淀物，沉淀经体积分数为５０％的王水溶解后用ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ测定。样品测定限Ｒｈ、Ｉｒ、Ａｕ为１ｎｇ／ｇ，Ｒｕ、Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ为２ｎｇ／ｇ。方法的ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝１０）为１０％～２５％，经几种岩石标样验证，其结果与标准值相符。 相似文献
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锍试金富集贵金属元素：I.等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中痕量铂族元素 总被引：30，自引：16，他引：30
纯化了捕集剂，用锍试金结合Ｔｅ共沉淀富集，等离子体质谱法测定了地质样品中的铂族元素，全流程铂族元素回收率大于９４％，一次熔样可同时测定了６个铂族元素，按２０ｇ取样计算，方法检出限（ｎｇ／ｇ）分别为０．０２４，Ｒｕ，０．０１３，Ｒｈ，０．２０，Ｐｄ，０．０３３，Ｏｓ０．３９，Ｉｒ０．１２Ｐｔ；对标准ＧＰｔ－６平行测定５次，铂族元素相对标准偏差为１％（Ｏｓ）～８％（Ｐｔ）对不同类型标样进行测定，测得结 相似文献
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硼氢化钠还原共沉淀—感耦等离子体质谱法测定岩石样品中痕量钌铑钯铱金... 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
研究了共沉淀分离富集贵金属元素的条件，选定在ｐＨ１．５溶液中，Ｍｎ作捕集剂，ＮａＢＨ４为还原剂，使Ｒｕ（Ⅵ），Ｒｈ（Ⅲ）、Ｐｔ（Ⅳ）、Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）、Ｉｒ（Ⅳ）和Ａｕ（Ⅲ）贵金属离子还原成金属态沉淀物，沉淀经体积分数为５０％的王水溶解后用ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ测定。样品测定限Ｒｈ、Ｉｒ、Ａｕ为１ｎｇ／ｇ，Ｒｕ、Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ人２ｎｇ／ｇ。方法的ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝１０）为１０％￣２５％，经几种岩石标样验证，其结果与标准值相 相似文献
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罗丹宁纤维富集分离－示波极谱法测定地质样品中的金 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
考察了螯合罗丹宁纤维富集分离。示波极谱法测定Ａｕ的条件，选用０．１５ｇ罗丹宁纤维装柱（Φ５ｍｍ×８０ｍｍ）富集Ａｕ，吸附Ａｕ后的罗丹宁纤维于７００℃灰化的烧，浸取物在ＮａＯＨ底液中用示波极谱法测定。测定范围为０．４～１４０μｇ／ｍｌＡｕ，经对标样分析，结果与标准值相符。对Ａｕ含量为４．９３×１０￣－６级的标样进行１０次测定，方法精密度（ＲＳＤ）为１．１４％。方法选择性高、稳定性好，适用于Ａｕ含量在０。２×ｌ０￣－６以上地质样品的分析。 相似文献
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微晶萘共沉淀富集—石墨炉原子吸收法测定痕量银金钯 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
基于贵金属同２－巯基苯并噻唑（ＭＢＴ）定量反应时的温度差异，在常温下采用ＭＢＴ为Ａｇ，Ａｕ和Ｐｄ的沉淀剂共藉微晶萘共沉淀法富集痕量Ａｇ，Ａｕ和Ｐｄ，使之与Ｐｔ，Ｒｈ及贱金属分离，固相富集物溶解于Ｎ，Ｎ－二甲基甲酰胺后，直接用原子吸收法测定，试验了定量共沉淀的最佳条件，方法用标样分析验证，结果吻合较好。 相似文献
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基于贵金属同２－巯基苯并噻唑（ＭＢＴ）定量反应时的温度差异，在常温下采用ＭＢＴ为Ａｇ、Ａｕ和Ｐｄ的沉淀剂并藉微晶素共沉淀法富集痕量Ａｇ、Ａｕ和Ｐｄ，使之与Ｐｔ、Ｒｈ及贱金属分离。固相富集物溶解于Ｎ，Ｎ－二甲基甲酰胺后，直接用原子吸收法测定。试验了定量共沉淀的最佳条件，方法用标样分析验证，结果吻合较好。 相似文献
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等离子体质谱法快速测定地质样品中的痕量铂族元素和金 总被引：46，自引：9，他引：37
１￣５ｇ试样于刚玉坩埚经Ｎａ２Ｏ２熔融分解,王水浸取后蒸发脱水除ＳｉＯ２,碲共常常富集铂族元素和金,用同位素稀释－等离子体质谱法测定Ｒｕ、Ｐｄ、Ｉｆ和Ｐｔ,内标法测定Ｒｈ和Ａｕ。按取样５ｇ计算,方法的测定限小于０．３５ｎｇ／ｇ,经ＣＣＲＭＰ６个铂族元素标样分析验证,其结果与标准值基本吻合,５次平行测定的ＲＳＤ在１．５￣６．５％ 相似文献
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报道了用铋试剂Ⅱ于ｐＨ４．０沉淀分离富集,混合掩蔽剂消除部分基体干扰元素,Ａｒ－Ｏ２气氛控制消除氰带,垂直电极交流电弧粉末发射光谱同时测定地质样品中六种贵金属的研究成果。该法精确度ＲＳＤ为３．１％～９．０％。Ａｕ、Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ、Ｒｈ、Ｉｒ、Ｒｕ的目视灵敏度分别为０．０２５、０．０２５、０．００５、０．００５、０．０３、０．０２μｇ,实际地质样品加标准回收率在９０％～１０８％之间。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献