共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 75 毫秒
1.
青藏高原羌塘高压变质带的特征及其构造意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
羌塘高压变质带分布于龙木错-双湖板块缝合带的南侧．西起红脊山．经片石山、蓝岭、角木查尕日、纳若．到双湖以东的才多茶卡,长约500km。向东已经延伸到巴青以北和昌都的吉塘地区,再向南进入滇西与澜沧江蓝片岩带共同构成一条断续延伸近2000km的高压变质带。羌塘高压变质带主要由蓝片岩和榴辉岩构成,蓝闪石片岩中蓝闪石和多硅白云母同位素定年结果为223-215Ma,榴辉岩的变质年龄为243-217Ma。估算蓝片岩的变质温度为410-460℃,变质压力为0．67-0．75GPa：榴辉岩相的变质作用温度不超过5000C,压力为1．56-2．35GPa。羌塘高压变质岩定年研究结果确定龙木错-双湖板块缝合带最终碰撞闭合发生在晚三叠世早期。羌塘高压变质带是冈瓦纳与欧亚大陆汇聚事件的重要记录。 相似文献
2.
青藏高原龙木错-双湖板块缝合带闭合的年代学证据——来自果干加年山蛇绿岩与流纹岩Ar-Ar和SHRIMP年龄制约 总被引：23，自引：5，他引：23
青藏高原龙木错-双湖板块缝合带从碰撞缝合何时转为羌塘盆地的沉积基底并接受沉积,一直受到地学界密切关注。羌塘中部的果干加年山主脊首次发现未变质的沉积岩以角度不整合覆盖于蛇绿混杂岩岩之上,上覆地层底部流纹岩夹层锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为214±4Ma,为沉积盖层提供了可靠的年龄依据;不整合面之下强烈变形的阳起片岩(变质玄武岩)中阳起石Ar-Ar年龄为219.7±6.5Ma,与羌塘中部龙木错-双湖高压变质带获得的榴辉岩多硅白云母、蓝闪石等Ar-Ar变质年龄一致。Ar-Ar和SHRIMP定年结果表明该角度不整合的时限为220～214Ma之间。角度不整合上下岩石的定年研究,为龙木错-双湖缝合带的闭合提供了确切的时间约束:羌塘地区冈瓦纳与欧亚(扬子)板块在214Ma以前实现了闭合,古特提斯消亡,进入陆表海演化阶段。 相似文献
3.
华北板块和扬子板块各具不同的演化历史和同位素地球化学特征。横贯于华北板块和扬子板块之间有一条蓝片岩－白片岩－榴辉岩系组成的高压变质带。这条高压变质带与区域大地构造线方位一致，展布于原岩建造性质相同的晚元古代地层中，是两个大陆板块碰撞时相互挤压产生的典型矿物和岩石组合，其形成时代可以代表两个板块碰撞的时代。实测同位素年龄数据表明，高压变质矿物蓝闪石、多硅白云母等粘土矿物￣（４０）Ａｒ－￣（３９）Ａｒ法和榴辉岩Ｓｍ－Ｎｄ等时年龄数据一般都集中在２１０～２４０Ｍａ之间。因此，华北板块和杨子板块主体碰撞时代应属于印支期２１０～２４０Ｍａ。 相似文献
4.
东天山三条高压变质带地质特征和流体作用 总被引：17，自引：6，他引：17
微板块活动边缘常常产生高压变质作用,我们在东天山地区发现了三条高压变质带,分别出露在南天山北缘、中天山北缘和北天山南缘的早古生代至晚古生代地层中,它们是天山微板块多期次俯冲-碰撞-拼贴作用的产物。(南天山北缘铜花山高压变质带中有不同变异的蓝闪石类高压矿物,蓝闪石Ar~(40)/Ar~(39)同位素测定为360Ma年龄,而在同一带的西部的榆树沟有C型和B型的榴辉岩分布。中天山北缘乌斯特沟-米什沟高压变质带中发现了青铝闪石,同一阶段生成的多硅白云母为345Ma的年龄;北天山南缘后峡高压变质带中以出露在石炭世地层中钠闪石和多硅白云母为特征,三条高压变质带均经历过三个变质-变形作用阶段:①高压变质;②退变质;③韧性-脆性变质变形作用。) 流体活动与微板块构造作用密切相关,不同构造阶段有不同的变质-变形作用和矿物-流体反应:①高压变质作用阶段:微板块碰撞阶段产生不同的进变质作用,主要发生脱挥发组分的矿物反应,含水矿物转化成无水或少水矿物。南天山北缘有两次微板块与洋壳碰撞-俯冲作用,第一次碰撞-俯冲的热力学条件是:中-高温、高压和埋藏深度较大(540～720℃,0.92～1.29GPa,35～>50km),导致榴辉岩的生成,除了大量挥发组分逸出以外,另有不少熔体产生,变质矿物以捕获大量熔体和少量气-液流体包裹 相似文献
5.
6.
藏北羌塘中部绒玛地区蓝片岩岩石学、矿物学和40Ar/39Ar年代学 总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1
藏北羌塘中部沿龙木错-双湖-线出露一条低温高压变质带,目前已有多处蓝片岩的报道.然而,除冈玛错地区产有典型的蓝闪石外,多数地区并没有典型蓝闪石的报道.绒玛蓝片岩位于羌塘中部高压变质带的中段,是该带中规模最大、保存最好的蓝片岩,对蓝片岩进行了详细的岩石学和矿物学研究,钠质角闪石主要为蓝闪石、青铝闪石、钠闪石和镁钠闪石.对蓝片岩中蓝闪石和多硅白云母进行了40Ar/39Ar定年,获得了227.3±3.8Ma和215±1.5Ma的坪年龄,分别代表蓝片岩快速俯冲消减和俯冲作用结束开始折返抬升的时代.绒玛蓝片岩岩石学、矿物学和40Ar/39Ar年代学研究为羌塘中部高压变质带的研究提供了新的资料. 相似文献
7.
GAO Rui ZHOU Hui GUO Xiaoyu LU Zhanwu LI Wenhui WANG Haiyan LI Hongqiang XIONG Xiaosong HUANG Xingfu XU Xiao 《地学前缘》2021,28(5):320-336
印度板块与亚洲板块的碰撞使喜马拉雅-青藏高原隆升,地壳增厚和生长扩展。探测青藏高原深部结构,揭露两个大陆如何碰撞,碰撞如何使大陆变形的过程,是全球关切的科学奥秘。深地震反射剖面探测是打开这个科学奥秘的最有效途径之一。20多年来,运用这项高技术探测到青藏高原巨厚地壳的精细结构,攻克了难以得到下地壳和Moho清晰结构的技术瓶颈,揭露了陆陆碰撞过程。本文在探测研究成果基础上,从青藏高原南北-东西对比,再到高原腹地,系统地综述了青藏高原之下印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞-俯冲的深部行为。印度地壳在高原南缘俯冲在喜马拉雅造山带之下,亚洲板块的阿拉善地块岩石圈在北缘向祁连山下俯冲,祁连山地壳向外扩展,塔里木地块与高原西缘的西昆仑发生面对面的碰撞,在高原东缘发现龙日坝断裂而不是龙门山断裂是扬子板块的西缘边界,高原腹地Moho 薄而平坦,岩石圈伸展垮塌。多条深反射剖面揭露了在雅鲁藏布江缝合带下印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞的行为,印度地壳不仅沿雅鲁藏布江缝合带存在由西向东的俯冲角度变化,而且其向北行进到拉萨地体内部的位置也不同。在缝合带中部,显示印度地壳上地壳与下地壳拆离,上地壳向北仰冲,下地壳向北俯冲,并在俯冲过程发生物质的回返与构造叠置,使印度地壳减薄,喜马拉雅地壳加厚。俯冲印度地壳前缘与亚洲地壳碰撞后沉入地幔,处于亚洲板块前缘的冈底斯岩基与特提斯喜马拉雅近于直立碰撞,冈底斯下地壳呈部分熔融状态,近乎透明的弱反射和局部出现的亮点反射,以及近于平的Moho都反映出亚洲板块南缘的伸展构造环境。 相似文献
8.
华北板块和扬子板块碰撞时代的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
华北板块和扬子板块各具不同的演化历史和同位素地球化学特征。横贯于华北板块和扬子板块之间有一条蓝片岩－白片岩－榴辉岩系组成的高压变质带。这条高压变质带与区域大地构造线方位一致，展布于原岩建造性质相同的晚元古代地层中，是两个大陆板块碰撞时相互挤压产生的典型矿物和岩石组合，其形成时代可以代表两个板块碰撞的时代。实测同位素年龄数据表明，高压变质矿物蓝内石、多硅白云母等粘土矿物＾４０Ａｒ－＾３９Ａｒ法和榴辉 相似文献
9.
羌塘中部高压变质带的形成过程 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
羌塘中部高压变质带由榴辉岩、石榴石白云母片岩和蓝片岩等组成,与蛇绿混杂岩、晚古生代浅变质地层岩片等共同构成了龙木错-双湖板块缝合带这一构造混杂岩带,是伴随古特提斯洋闭合的深俯冲作用及后期构造作用的产物。通过对其野外地质特征、不同岩石类型岩石学、矿物学以及同位素年代学等的研究,确认榴辉岩和石榴石白云母片岩在早期分别经历了各自的形成过程,在榴辉岩形成之后的折返过程中二者共同构成了高压变质带,并且在折返过程中榴辉岩发生蓝片岩相退变质作用,同时导致了带内蓝片岩的形成。同位素年代学研究结果表明,龙木错-双湖板块缝合带闭合过程中的榴辉岩相变质作用发生于240Ma左右,折返过程中的蓝片岩相退变质作用及蓝片岩的形成应在220～200Ma,高压变质带最终在214Ma之前抬升出露地表。 相似文献
10.
印度板块与亚洲板块的碰撞使喜马拉雅-青藏高原隆升,地壳增厚并生长扩展。探测青藏高原深部结构,揭露两个大陆如何碰撞以及碰撞如何使大陆变形的过程,是对全球关切的科学奥秘的探索。深地震反射剖面探测是打开这个科学奥秘的最有效途径之一。二十多年来,运用这项高技术探测到青藏高原巨厚地壳的精细结构,攻克了难以得到下地壳和Moho面信息的技术瓶颈,揭露了陆-陆碰撞过程。本文在探测研究成果的基础上,从青藏高原南北-东西对比,再到高原腹地,系统地综述了青藏高原之下印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞-俯冲的深部行为。印度地壳在高原南缘俯冲在喜马拉雅造山带之下,亚洲板块的阿拉善地块岩石圈在北缘向祁连山下俯冲,祁连山地壳向外扩展,塔里木地块与高原西缘的西昆仑发生面对面的碰撞,在高原东缘发现龙日坝断裂(而不是龙门山断裂)是扬子板块的西缘边界,高原腹地Moho面厚度薄而平坦,岩石圈伸展垮塌。多条深反射剖面揭露了在雅鲁藏布江缝合带下印度板块与亚洲板块碰撞的行为,不仅沿雅鲁藏布江缝合带走向印度地壳俯冲行为存在东西变化,而且印度地壳向北行进到拉萨地体内部的位置也不同。在缝合带中部,研究显示印度地壳上地壳与下地壳拆离,上地壳向北仰冲,下地壳向北俯冲,并在俯冲过程中发生物质的回返与构造叠置,这导致印度地壳减薄,喜马拉雅地壳加厚。俯冲印度地壳前缘与亚洲地壳碰撞后沉入地幔,处于亚洲板块前缘的冈底斯岩基与特提斯喜马拉雅近于直立碰撞,冈底斯下地壳呈部分熔融状态,近乎透明的弱反射和局部出现的亮点反射以及近于平的Moho面都反映出亚洲板块南缘处于伸展构造环境。 相似文献
11.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
12.
奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
13.
S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
14.
Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献
15.
Most sulfide-rich magmatic Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposits form in dynamic magmatic systems by partial melting S-bearing wall rocks with variable degrees of assimilation of miscible silicate and volatile components, and generation of barren to weakly-mineralized immiscible Fe sulfide xenomelts into which Ni-Cu-Co-PGE partition from the magma. Some exceptionally-thick magmatic Cr deposits may form by partial melting oxide-bearing wall rocks with variable degrees of assimilation of the miscible silicate and volatile components, and generation of barren Fe ± Ti oxide xenocrysts into which Cr-Mg-V ± Ti partition from the magma. The products of these processes are variably preserved as skarns, residues, xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and xenovolatiles, which play important to critical roles in ore genesis, transport, localization, and/or modification. Incorporation of barren xenoliths/autoliths may induce small amounts of sulfide/chromite to segregate, but incorporation of sulfide xenomelts or oxide xenocrysts with dynamic upgrading of metal tenors (PGE > Cu > Ni > Co and Cr > V > Ti, respectively) is required to make significant ore deposits. Silicate xenomelts are only rarely preserved, but will be variably depleted in chalcophile and ferrous metals. Less dense felsic xenoliths may aid upward sulfide transport by increasing the effective viscosity and decreasing the bulk density of the magma. Denser mafic or metamorphosed xenoliths may also increase the effective viscosity of the magma, but may aid downward sulfide transport by increasing the bulk density of the magma. Sulfide wets olivine, so olivine xenocrysts may act as filter beds to collect advected finely dispersed sulfide droplets, but other silicates and xenoliths may not be wetted by sulfides. Xenovolatiles may retard settling of – or in some cases float – dense sulfide droplets. Reactions of sulfide melts with felsic country rocks may generate Fe-rich skarns that may allow sulfide melts to fractionate to more extreme Cu-Ni-rich compositions. Xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and xenovolatiles are more likely to be preserved in cooler basaltic magmas than in hotter komatiitic magmas, and are more likely to be preserved in less dynamic (less turbulent) systems/domain/phases than in more dynamic (more turbulent) systems/domains/phases. Massive to semi-massive Ni-Cu-PGE and Cr mineralization and xenoliths are often localized within footwall embayments, dilations/jogs in dikes, throats of magma conduits, and the horizontal segments of dike-chonolith and dike-sill complexes, which represent fluid dynamic traps for both ascending and descending sulfides/oxides. If skarns, residues, xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and/or xenovolatiles are present, they provide important constraints on ore genesis and they are valuable exploration indicators, but they must be included in elemental and isotopic mass balance calculations. 相似文献
16.
《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
17.
18.
S. M. Moosavirad J. Rasouli M. R. Janardhana M. R. Moghadam M. Shankara 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(10):3623-3634
This paper discusses the result of the detailed investigations carried out on the coal characteristics, including coal petrography and its geochemistry of the Pabedana region. A total of 16 samples were collected from four coal seams d2, d4, d5, and d6 of the Pabedana underground mine which is located in the central part of the Central-East Iranian Microcontinent. These samples were reduced to four samples through composite sampling of each seam and were analyzed for their petrographic, mineralogical, and geochemical compositions. Proximate analysis data of the Pabedana coals indicate no major variations in the moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon contents in the coals of different seams. Based on sulfur content, the Pabedana coals may be classified as low-sulfur coals. The low-sulfur contents in the Pabedana coal and relatively low proportion of pyritic sulfur suggest a possible fresh water environment during the deposition of the peat of the Pabedana coal. X-ray diffraction and petrographic analyses indicate the presence of pyrite in coal samples. The Pabedana coals have been classified as a high volatile, bituminous coal in accordance with the vitrinite reflectance values (58.75–74.32 %) and other rank parameters (carbon, calorific value, and volatile matter content). The maceral analysis and reflectance study suggest that the coals in all the four seams are of good quality with low maceral matter association. Mineralogical investigations indicate that the inorganic fraction in the Pabedana coal samples is dominated by carbonates; thus, constituting the major inorganic fraction of the coal samples. Illite, kaolinite, muscovite, quartz, feldspar, apatite, and hematite occur as minor or trace phases. The variation in major elements content is relatively narrow between different coal seams. Elements Sc,, Zr, Ga, Ge, La, As, W, Ce, Sb, Nb, Th, Pb, Se, Tl, Bi, Hg, Re, Li, Zn, Mo, and Ba show varying negative correlation with ash yield. These elements possibly have an organic affinity and may be present as primary biological concentrations either with tissues in living condition and/or through sorption and formation of organometallic compounds. 相似文献
19.