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1.
刘刚  牟全海  姚海涛 《地质学报》2016,90(8):1679-1691
甘肃和政古动物化石地质遗迹是一个以丰富的渐新世至更新世的古动物化石为特色的地质奇观。和政古动物化石地质遗迹主要发育4个古动物化石群:底部红色砂砾岩中埋藏着距今30 Ma的巨犀动物群;下部河湖地层中,埋藏着13 Ma前的铲齿象动物群;中部以红土为主,埋藏着距今10 Ma左右的三趾马动物群;上部黄土堆积中埋藏着2 Ma前的真马动物群。这些古动物化石地质遗迹记录了渐新世以来地球历史的丰富信息和演化过程,是研究青藏高原隆升历史的重要证据。甘肃和政古动物化石地质遗迹孕育了分布密集、保存完好、种类繁多的古动物化石,且甘肃和政临近我国"一带一路"战略中"丝绸之路经济带"的中联点。这些世界罕见的古动物化石,具有不可替代的珍藏价值、游览价值、科普价值和科学研究价值。  相似文献   

2.
临夏盆地晚新生代哺乳动物群演替与青藏高原隆升背景   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
邓涛 《第四纪研究》2004,24(4):413-420
临夏盆地的晚新生代沉积中富含哺乳动物化石,以晚渐新世巨犀动物群、中中新世铲齿象动物群、晚中新世三趾马动物群和早更新世真马动物群的化石最为丰富。晚新生代是青藏高原快速隆升的时期,临夏盆地的4个主要哺乳动物群在构造剧烈变化的背景下发生了显著的更替。通过对不同动物群所代表的生态特征的分析,恢复了临夏盆地晚新生代以来的气候环境演变过程:晚渐新世以温暖湿润的森林环境为主,间杂有一些开阔地带;中中新世的森林更加茂密,水体更加丰富;晚中新世演变为炎热半干旱的稀树草原环境,季节性变化加强;早更新世气候寒冷而干燥,并伴有显著的海拔升高。青藏高原在晚渐新世的隆升幅度还不足以阻挡大型哺乳动物在高原南北的交流,但到中中新世已成为明显的障碍,至晚中新世对动物迁徙的阻碍作用更加突出,而临夏盆地在早更新世已经达到相当大的高度,产生了一个高原或高山的动物群  相似文献   

3.
临夏盆地中中新统虎家梁组的建立及其特征   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
邓涛 《地层学杂志》2004,28(4):307-312
甘肃临夏盆地上中新统柳树组红黏土之下为一套以河流相砂砾岩为主的地层 ,现命名为虎家梁组 ,下伏中中新统东乡组紫红色泥岩。虎家梁组含有丰富的铲齿象动物群化石 ,包括 Alloptox sp.,Pliopithecus sp.,H emicy-on teilhardi,Amphicyon tairumensis,Percrocuta tungurensis,Gomphotherium sp.,Platybelodon grangeri,Zy-golophodon sp.,Anchitherium gobiensis,Alicornopssp.,H ispanotherium matritense,K ubanochoerusgigas,L istri-odon mongoliensis,Palaeotragustungurensis和 Turcocerus sp.等。依据岩性及哺乳动物化石资料 ,在临夏盆地建立虎家梁组并确定其时代为中中新世通古尔期。通过哺乳动物化石及地层层序的对比 ,临夏盆地的虎家梁组与宁夏彰恩堡组、兰州盆地咸水河组上段、准噶尔盆地哈拉玛盖组、蓝田地区冷水沟组、房县地区沙坪组和内蒙古通古尔组相当。  相似文献   

4.
甘肃兰州盆地的第三纪地层及哺乳动物群   总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9  
介绍近二十多年来兰州盆地第三系研究的新成果 ,将兰州盆地的第三系和地方哺乳动物群重新进行了划分 ,将咸水河组提升为咸水河群 ,时代自早渐新世晚期至晚中新世。咸水河群中新建八个组 ,从下往上为 :韩家井组(E1 - 23) ,产南坡坪动物群 ;甘家滩组 (E23) ,产峡沟动物群 ;皋兰山组 (N1 1 ) ,产兰州动物群 ;瞿家川组 (N21 ) ,产庙嘴子动物群 ;黄羊头组 (N31 ) ,产张家坪动物群 ;饲马沟组 (N4 1 ) ,产对亭沟动物群 ;下街组 (N51 ) ,产泉头沟动物群 ;龙骨山组(N6 1 ) ,产邢家湾动物群  相似文献   

5.
The Xining basin is located in the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is a rift basin formed in Mesozoic and Cenozoic and structurally belongs to the intersection of Kunlun and Qilian Mountains. Cenozoic fluvial and lacustrine sedimentary strata are continuous in the Xining basin, with a thickness of more than 800 m, completely recording the deformation uplifting, weathering and denudation history and climate change process of the northeastern plateau. Currently, early Miocene Xijia fauna, early Middle Miocene Danshuilu fauna and late Middle Miocene Diaogou fauna are discovered in the Xining basin, which provide an important basis for the stratigraphic correlation of the Cenozoic strata in the Xining basin. However, in the next few decades, there are no reports about the large mammal fossils in the Xining basin, especially about late Miocene fauna. The author discovered a large amount of mammal fossils in the Neogene sedimentary strata in Huzhu area, Xining basin. According to the identification results of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, these fossils mainly included Hipparion dongxiangense, Chilotherium sp., Parelasmotherium sp., Stephanocemas sp. and Kubanochoerus sp. and their age was early Late Miocene. Since the discovery of this set of fossils directly filled the blank that there were no large mammal fossils in the Xining basin in Late Miocene, it was very important for studying the magnetic stratigraphic chronology of fossil-forming strata and establishing the paleomagnetic chronology scale plate of mammal fossils. In this paper, the paleomagnetic data of the fossil-forming stratigraphic profile, Banyan profile, were measured and the paleomagnetic records were collected through high density sampling, and finally the paleomagnetic polarity column of the profile was established. The results showed that five positive and five negative polarity segments were recorded in Banyan profile, which corresponded well to the polarity between C3Br.1n-C4n.2n in the standard polarity column. The age of profile top was about 7.25 Ma and profile bottom was about 8.4 Ma, with an age range of 1.15 Ma. The mammal fossils discovered this time were exposed between positive and negative polarities N5 and R5 at the bottom of the profile, corresponding to C4r.1r at negative polarity and C4n.2n at positive polarity in the standard polarity column. The age of mammal fossils was about 8.3 Ma. The paleomagnetic chronology of the strata and paleontological fossils determined the absolute age of late Miocene mammal fossils and expanded the upper age of late Miocene Xianshuihe Formation (N1xn) in the Xining basin, which had provided new basic data for further studying the stratigraphic deposition and correlation of late Cenozoic strata and regional environmental evolution.  相似文献   

6.
塔里木盆地中新生代海侵和海相地层研究的新进展   总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17       下载免费PDF全文
中新生代海侵是塔里木盆地地质发展史上的重要事件之一。通过对新近发现的古生物化石和海相地层资料研究,本文提出了早白垩世、晚白垩世、古近纪的海侵范围的新认识。同时,依据露头和钻井资料提出了中新世海水分布的新范围。这些新成果对厘定塔里木盆地中新生代地层时代,建立整个盆地中新生代地层格架和油气远景分析具有重要意义。  相似文献   

7.
渭河盆地东南缘蓝田-渭南一带发育较连续完整的新生代地层,其中包含丰富的哺乳动物化石,特别是灞河组中产 出典型的三趾马化石,并曾据此建立了灞河期标准生物地层。鉴于灞河组及灞河期沉积地层在中国北方环境变化及古生物 研究中的重要意义,对陕西蓝田灞河南岸厚约246 m的段家坡灞河组典型剖面进行了详细古地磁年代学研究。磁性地层分 析确定的极性序列可与标准古地磁年表(GPTS) 较好对比,结果表明段家坡剖面灞河组年龄为11~7 Ma,属于晚中新世。 本研究支持灞河期单独作为一个地层年代单位,为哺乳动物化石的区域对比提供了相对准确的年代界定,同时结合与其它 盆地同时期沉积的对比探讨了灞河组的沉积环境和古气候,认为当时为半干旱型草原气候,沉积环境和气候与上覆的蓝田 组有很大不同。  相似文献   

8.
内蒙古阿拉善地区的第三系及其动物群   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
笔者依据丰富翔实的资料,论述了该区第三地层的分布,区划,地层划分沿革,岩性,岩相古地理特征及地质演化史;在地层方面,首次在内蒙古西部建立了比较完整的第三纪地层序列;命名和划分了中始新统乌兰乌珠尔组,上始新统查干布拉格组。下渐新统乌兰塔塔尔组,上渐新统,下中新统乌尔较组,上中新统呼和好来组和上新统昂冈浩特组等6个地层单元,补充界定了查干布拉格组并将其时代厘定为晚始新世;在动物群方面,发现和命名了中始  相似文献   

9.
The Tunggurian Age was nominated in 1984, and the Second National Commission on Stratigraphy of China formally suggested establishing the corresponding chronostratigraphic unit, the Tunggurian Stage, based on the Tunggurian Age in 1999. The name of this stage comes from a lithostratigraphic unit, the Tunggur Formation, and the stratotype section is located at the Tunggur tableland, 15 km southeast of Saihan Gobi Township, Sonid Left Banner, Inner Mongolia. The Tunggurian Age is correlated to the Astaracian of the European land mammal ages, and they share the same definition of the lower boundary at the base of the paleomagnetic Chron C5Bn.1r with an age of 15.0 Ma. In the Tairum Nor section on the southeastern edge of the Tunggur tableland, this boundary is situated within the successive deposits of reddish-brown massive mudstone of the lower part of the Tunggur Formation, with a distance of 7.6 m from the base of the grayish-white sandstones in the middle part of the section. The Tunggurian is approximately correlated to the upper part of the marine Langhian and the marine Serravallian in the International Stratigraphical Chart. The Tunggurian Stage includes two Neogene mammal faunal units, i.e. NMU 6 (MN 6) and NMU 7 (MN 7/8). The Tairnm Nor fauna from the Talrnm Nor section corresponds to NMU 6, and the Tunggur fauna (senso stricto) from the localities on the northwestern edge of the Tunggur tableland, such as Platybelodon Quarry, Wolf Camp and Moergen, corresponds to NMU 7. Among the Middle Miocene mammalian faunas in China, the Laogou fauna from the Linxia Basin, Gansu, the Quantougou fauna from the Lanzhou Basin, Gansu, the Halamagai fauna from the northern Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, and the Dingjiaergou fauna from Tongxin, Ningxia correspond to NMU 6.  相似文献   

10.
The Linxia Basin is characterized by an abundance of Cenozoic sediments, that contain exceptionally rich fossil resources. Equids are abundant in the Linxia Basin, the fossil record of equids in this region including 16 species that represent 10 genera. In comparison to other classic late Cenozoic areas in China, the Linxia Basin stands out, because the fauna and chronological data accompanying Linxia equids render them remarkably useful for biostratigraphy. The anchitheriines in the region, such as Anchitherium and Sinohippus, represent early equids that appeared in the late stages of the middle and late Miocene, respectively. Among the equines, most species of Chinese hipparions have been identified in the Linxia Basin and some species of the genera Hipparion and Hippotherium have FAD records for China. Furthermore, Equus eisenmannae is one of the earliest known species of Equus in the Old World and is well-represented at the Longdan locality. Some species with precise geohistorical distributions can serve as standards for high-resolution chronological units within this framework. Located at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and subject to considerable uplift, the Linxia Basin has served as a biogeographic transition area for equids throughout the late Cenozoic.  相似文献   

11.
首次在青海西宁盆地新近纪河湖相沉积地层中发现了三趾马、副板齿犀牙齿化石,对化石的基本特征和埋藏情况进行了描述,三趾马化石经鉴定为东乡三趾马。结合区域和前人资料认为,本次发现化石的岩石地层应该属于咸水河组或以上层位,时代为晚中新世早期。分析前人孢粉资料认为化石形成时的古植被为森林-草原,古气候环境为亚热带干旱气候环境。这一发现为西宁盆地晚新生代河湖相地层格架的建立,提供了古生物学依据,对西宁盆地中新世地层确立起到时序标尺的作用。为青藏高原东北缘盆地的环境演化、地层划分、时代厘定提供了新的资料,对深入研究青藏高原隆升环境效具有重要意义。同时,也为青藏高原东北缘、华北地区、青藏高原三趾马动物群进行对比研究,提供了基础材料。  相似文献   

12.
甘肃武都龙家沟盆地地层时代及发育特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
根据化石组合,龙家沟盆地的地层可划分为中侏罗统龙家沟组,上白垩统及上中新统保德组。龙家沟组是盆地的主体沉积,含有多层煤层及油页岩。保德组中发现有我国著名的“龙家沟三趾马动物群”.是保德期庙梁亚期的主要代表动物群之一。  相似文献   

13.
循化-化隆盆地新生代沉积及盆地基底和周缘山系磷灰石裂变径迹年代学分析揭示了青藏高原东北缘晚白垩世以来经历过3期隆升剥露事件: (1)盆地基底及拉脊山和西秦岭北缘构造带磷灰石裂变径迹年龄分析普遍记录了晚白垩世-始新世中期相对快速的区域性的隆升剥露事件, 西秦岭北缘快速抬升的起始时间为84Ma, 受控于向北的逆冲抬升; 向北到循化-化隆盆地中部的拉目峡抬升的起始时间为69Ma; 更北的拉脊山一带快速抬升期主要为40~50Ma, 从而反映晚白垩世-始新世中期的快速抬升由南向北逐渐扩展.这一期构造隆升事件导致循化-化隆盆地和临夏盆地缺失了北部西宁-民和盆地古近纪所具有的西宁群沉积.隆升剥露结束于31Ma左右, 此时化隆-循化盆地向东与同时期的临夏盆地相连为一个统一的大型西秦岭山前盆地, 两者具有相同的构造、沉积演化史, 因此循化-化隆盆地他拉组底部地层年龄最老不会超过临夏盆地最老地层的古地磁年龄, 即29Ma.(2)渐新世晚期约26Ma拉脊山开始双向逆冲隆升, 并可能延续到中新世早期约21Ma, 隆升作用使循化-化隆盆地成为挟持于拉脊山逆冲带和西秦岭构造带之间的山前挤压型前陆盆地, 循化-化隆盆地开始大规模沉积巨厚的他拉组冲积扇相粗碎屑岩.(3)通过循化-化隆盆地咸水河组和临夏组的沉积相分析、古流方向和砾石成分分析, 揭示出拉脊山构造带在中新世8Ma左右发生的最大规模的双向逆冲隆升事件, 这次事件直接导致循化-化隆盆地由前陆挤压盆地转变为山间盆地, 形成现今青藏高原东北缘的盆山地貌基本格局.   相似文献   

14.
新疆乌伦古河地区第三纪哺乳动物群初析及地层年代确定   总被引:14,自引:4,他引:14  
叶捷  吴文裕  孟津 《地层学杂志》2001,25(4):283-287
新疆准噶尔盆地北缘乌伦古河地区第三纪含有 7个哺乳动物群 :可可买登动物群 ,哈拉玛盖动物群 ,索索泉组顶部动物群 ,索索泉动物群 ,索索泉组底部 990 0 5动物群 ,铁尔斯哈巴合动物群和乌伦古河动物群。依据动物群分析初步确定 5个岩石地层单元的地质时代分别为 :可可买登组——中中新世晚期 ;哈拉玛盖组——中中新世早期 ,索索泉组——最早中新世至早中新世最晚期或中中新世最早期 ;铁尔斯哈巴合组——晚渐新世 ;乌伦古河组——早始新世至早渐新世。  相似文献   

15.
伦坡拉盆地丁青湖组沉积时代的确定对于研究青藏高原中部的古高度和古气候具有重要的地质意义,但由于没有精确的年龄数据,其顶部是否跨入了新近系,一直以来都存在争论。作者在伦坡拉盆地西部鄂加卒地区开展野外调查过程中,在该剖面中部和上部新发现两套凝灰岩夹层,对凝灰岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,获得了两件凝灰岩样品的形成年龄分别为24.05±0.24Ma(MSWD=1.07,n=24)和22.64±0.33Ma(MSWD=0.45,n=17),时代分别为晚渐新世和早中新世。根据凝灰岩锆石U-Pb年龄和前人研究成果,将鄂加卒剖面的细碎屑岩地层重新厘定为丁青湖组,并将丁青湖组的沉积时代定为渐新世-中中新世。根据丁青湖组地层厚度及沉积速率估算,该组沉积持续时间在21~23Ma之间,其顶部地层的年龄在11~13Ma左右。由此可见,伦坡拉盆地接受连续沉积一直持续到了中中新世,这比过去普遍认识的晚始新世-渐新世时期青藏高原中部的古高度和古气候变化时间更晚。前人在该地区发现的近无角犀化石、攀鲈鱼化石、棕榈科叶片化石以及孢粉化石等研究结果共同证实,青藏高原中部渐新世晚期的古海拔高度低于~2500~3000 m。因此,该区晚渐新世-早中新世温暖潮湿的气候特征很可能是受到了印度洋气流穿透的影响,而且该影响可能一直持续到了中中新世,从而造就了该时期青藏高原生物的多样性。  相似文献   

16.
青藏高原渐新世晚期隆升的地质证据   总被引:27,自引:1,他引:26  
国内外学者普遍认为,地壳缩短增厚是青藏高原隆升的主要原因,青藏高原隆升对环境变迁和东亚季风具有重要影响,但对青藏高原隆升时代存在不同认识。通过统计分析青藏高原中段新生代不同时期的地层倾角,表明区域褶皱变形主要发生于古近纪,中新世湖相沉积地层产状平缓,挤压构造变形微弱,说明地壳缩短增厚主要发生于中新世前。湖相沉积地层的孢粉分析结果表明,青藏地区热带亚热带阔叶林植被自始新世中期开始逐步减少,至中新世早期濒临消亡;暗针叶林植被自渐新世早中期开始逐步增加,至中新世早中期达到繁盛程度甚至居主导地位。根据这些地质证据,结合全球气候变化、古气温及年代学资料,综合推断青藏高原渐新世晚期隆升高度达到海拔4000m左右。  相似文献   

17.
内蒙古赤峰西北地区的东村、东梁一带更新世早期河-湖相沉积物相当发育,为一套白色砂与棕红色亚粘土互层,其中含有丰富的哺乳动物化石,计11科18属21种。动物群性质与泥河湾(狭义)的相当。这是我国最东和最北的一个三趾马与真马共生的化石地点。  相似文献   

18.
Character, Age and Ecology of the Hezheng Biota from Northwestern China   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
1 Introduction In recent years, field works in the Hezheng area resulted in an explosive growth of new knowledge of Chinese mammalian faunas of the Late Cenozoic. A continuous sedimentary sequence from the Oligocene to the Pleistocene is developed and exposed in the Linxia Basin, Gansu Province, which contains a large number of mammal fossils. The Hezheng area comprises almost the whole Hezheng County, the western half of Guanghe County, the southern half of Dongxiang County, Linxia C…  相似文献   

19.
云南元谋小河盆地含古猿化石地层的沉积特点与对比   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
云南元谋小河盆地含古猿化石的主要层位有 2个,时代相差约 1Ma。以黄色砂砾石层作为标志层,参考各含古猿化石剖面基底和现代海拔高度,盆内含化石层的晚第三纪地层可以很好的对比,小河盆地蝴蝶梁子剖面、房背梁子剖面相当于豹子洞箐剖面的的中下部。从哺乳动物化石和古地磁资料分析,小河组的地质时代为 7.3~ 8.2Ma。  相似文献   

20.
元谋盆地的新第三纪地层   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
宗冠福 《地层学杂志》1996,20(2):138-145
元谋北部芝麻地段新发现的动物化石层位相当于小河组下部的湖相地层,据之将小河组分为上下两部分,并进一步探讨元谋盆地含古猿动物化石层的地质时代。  相似文献   

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