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1.
部分熔融与高级变质岩流变机制——以内蒙古大青山高级变质岩为例 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
部分熔融作用与高级变质岩变形作用是相互制约,变形作用能够提高岩石部分熔融程度,降低熔融温度。熔体存在影响和制约岩石强度和变形机制。大青山高级岩经历了下部地壳构造层次变质变形和深熔作用改造,形成了复杂构造要素组合。宏观与微观构造特点表明:高级变质岩变形机制主要为熔体增强颗粒边界扩散和颗粒流动,使岩石发生大规模的塑性流动。在宏观上形成了不对称流动组构、熔融线理、岩石和矿物条带、层内底辟褶皱和大型穹窿构造。但是,在微观上矿物颗粒变形不明显,晶内变形组构不发育,表现为三边平衡结构,与静态结晶变质岩结构相似,形成了地壳深部构造层次上变质构造岩-构造片麻岩。 相似文献
2.
混合岩中浅色体的有限迁移及其对变形分解的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
熔体在地壳和地幔中怎样迁移及其动力学是地质学中的一个重要问题。作为地壳深融作用的产物 ,混合岩中的浅色体提供了一个极好的机会来探讨影响地壳熔体在中下地壳迁移的因素。为此 ,我们对美国加州南 Sierra Nevada岩基中典型的混合岩、变泥质岩及邻近的花岗闪长岩进行了详细的主要元素地球化学和野外构造变形分析 ,同时应用流体动力学理论估算了在中下地壳条件下 ,典型浅色体的迁移距离。南 Sierra Nevada岩基中的混合岩中的浅色体厚度为 1mm至 1cm。在部分熔融程度较高的区域 (>10 % ) ,浅色体相互连接而成网结状构造 ,应变的承载方式主要以 IWL(Interconnected Weak L ayers)形式进行 ,即熔融体表现为弱相而承载大部分的应变。相反地 ,在部分熔融程度较低的区域 (<5 % ) ,浅色体孤立地出现 ,应变的承载方式主要以 L BF(L oad- Bearing Frame-work)形式进行 ,即应变主要由非熔融体的基质来承担。这表明在混合岩形成过程中 ,熔体的出现强烈地制约着应变分解作用。应用 Shaw的岩石粘度模型 ,我们根据浅色体的主要元素地球化学成分计算了浅色体在熔融状态下的粘度。根据流体动力学原理 ,估算了浅色体在不同条件下的迁移距离。计算结果表明 :1和典型花岗岩相比 ,浅色体具有较高的粘度 ,为 10 9～ 10 1 2 相似文献
3.
印度大陆俯冲过程中的高压变质与深熔作用：东喜马拉雅构造结南迦巴瓦杂岩的相平衡模拟研究 总被引：5，自引：5，他引：0
位于东喜马拉雅构造结的南迦巴瓦杂岩是高喜马拉雅结晶岩系的一部分,是印度大陆深俯冲到欧亚板块之下经历了高压变质作用的产物。基于岩相学和矿物化学研究,本文对南迦巴瓦杂岩中的泥质变质岩进行了相平衡模拟研究。结果表明,泥质岩石经历了高压麻粒岩相变质作用,峰期矿物组成是石榴石+蓝晶石+黑云母+斜长石+钾长石+石英+金红石,峰期变质条件是~820℃,13.0~13.5kb,表明印度大陆至少俯冲到了约45km深度,构成了青藏高原的加厚下地壳。高压泥质变质岩在进变质和峰期变质过程中经历了白云母和黑云母脱水反应引起的部分深熔,熔融程度可达27vol%,形成了花岗质成分的熔体,构成了喜马拉雅造山带淡色花岗岩的源区。因此,青藏高原具有一个深熔融的中下地壳,为其侧向流动提供了有利的流变学环境。 相似文献
4.
中国沉积学的今后发展:若干思考与建议 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
出露于北京西山房山岩体南北两侧的官地杂岩,主要由正片麻岩、斜长角闪岩组成,局部具混合岩化特征。对官地杂岩的形成时代及出露原因一直存在很大的争议。一种观点认为官地杂岩形成时代为太古宙,出露于中生代早期的区域伸展体制下,另一种观点则认为官地杂岩是中新元古界或古生界泥质变质岩,在房山岩体侵位过程中发生接触变质作用的产物。研究表明,官地杂岩是一套正片麻岩,其中的锆石核部为岩浆成因,而外部普遍发育较窄的浅色边。SHRIMP II锆石铀铅年龄测定获得锆石的一致曲线与不一致曲线上交点年龄值为(2 521 ±20) Ma,代表了新太古代的岩浆结晶年龄,从而证明官地杂岩原岩形成于新太古代。构造分析表明,官地杂岩与上覆中元古代蓟县系至早古生代地层间为剥离断层接触关系,并为房山岩体侵位和改造,证明是一个形成于房山岩体侵位前的变质核杂岩构造。但房山岩体的侵位并未对锆石的岩浆年龄和变质年龄产生明显影响。 相似文献
5.
冀西北水泉沟杂岩体成因的Nd同位素证据 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
水泉沟碱性杂岩体是冀西北金矿集中区最重要的赋矿岩体。长期以来，关于水泉沟杂岩体的成因一直争议很大，严重制约了本区金矿床理论研究水平的提高。本文对水泉沟杂岩体及其围岩太古宙变质岩进行了系统的Nd同位素研究。研究结果表明，水泉沟杂岩体不可能是太古宙变质岩混合岩化或重熔的产物，而是由来自地幔的岩浆与下地壳局部熔融的物质不均匀混合形成的。 相似文献
6.
7.
冀北水泉沟岩体西段锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
冀北水泉沟碱性正长杂岩体位于华北克拉通北缘中段,主要岩性为正长岩、石英正长岩、碱性正长岩、角闪正长岩、角闪二长岩和碱长花岗岩等.为了避开后期热液蚀变作用的影响,作者采集了远离东坪-后沟金矿田的水泉沟岩体西段无蚀变的角闪二长岩、角闪正长岩样品,并对这些代表性岩石进行了锆石U-Pb年代学和锆石Hf同位素研究.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄表明,角闪二长岩结晶年龄为372.7±2.5Ma,角闪正长岩结晶年龄为372.7±2.4Ma,二者年龄结果一致,表明水泉沟碱性杂岩体西段形成于晚泥盆世.角闪二长岩的锆石εHf(t)＝-12.4~-8.9,两阶段Hf模式年龄为1.93~2.16Ga,平均2.05Ga.角闪正长岩的锆石εHf(t)＝-13.2~-11.1,两阶段Hf模式年龄为2.07~2.21Ga,平均2.13Ga.考虑到两种岩石的模式年龄与华北基底变质岩的形成年龄相近,我们初步认为水泉沟碱性杂岩体西段角闪二长岩和角闪正长岩可能主要来源于富集岩石圈地幔部分熔融形成的镁铁质岩浆与古老的中下地壳变质岩部分熔融形成的长英质岩浆混合的结果.野外地质和地球化学数据表明,水泉沟碱性杂岩体形成于晚造山阶段的张性构造环境. 相似文献
8.
高级变质岩中深熔作用的相平衡研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
深熔作用在高级变质岩中非常普遍并受到广泛关注。自20世纪90年代以来,随着变质相平衡研究的突破性发展,利用THERMOCALC程序和视剖面图方法可以定量研究固相线以上的熔体形成、熔体分馏和退变质反应。变质沉积岩中的熔融作用主要有三种机制饱和水固相线上的熔融、白云母脱水熔融和黑云母脱水熔融。在模拟泥质岩石的KFMASH体系和NCKFMASH体系中的相平衡计算表明,NCKFMASH体系中铁镁矿物的相平衡关系受KFMASH亚体系中矿物相平衡关系的控制,但KFMASH亚体系中固相线位置要比实际的高50~60℃。因此,模拟泥质岩石的固相线以上的相平衡关系最好在NCKFMASH或组分更多的体系中进行。相平衡研究表明麻粒岩相岩石的保存与熔体丢失有关;混合岩的形成过程包括部分熔融作用、不同程度熔体分凝与汲取和不同程度的逆反应和退变反应。 相似文献
9.
纳木那尼穹窿位于特提斯喜马拉雅带西段,属变质杂岩体,由黑云母片麻岩、花岗片麻岩、糜棱岩、混合岩、变杂砂岩、角闪岩、大理岩及后期侵位的电气石花岗岩和二云母花岗岩组成。本次研究对穹隆核部出露的混合岩、花岗片麻岩、电气石花岗岩及边缘出露的二云母花岗岩和黑云母片麻岩进行了岩相学、锆石U-Pb定年及地球化学研究,结果表明:(1)混合岩(T0768-4A-4C)锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U谐和图上交点年龄为1873±28Ma,~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb加权平均年龄为1877±21Ma。混合岩Sr同位素比值(1.25018~1.44452)和ε_(Nd)(t)值(-28.8~-28.5)指示其具其有低喜马拉雅岩石单元的地球化学属性;(2)花岗片麻岩锆石核部~(206)Pb/~(238)U谐和图上交点年龄为1878±9Ma,下交点年龄为10.9±0.5Ma。个别震荡环带边记录有13.1±0.3Ma的年龄数据,表明古元古代花岗片麻岩可能经历了~10Ma左右的熔融事件;(3)侵位于古元古代混合岩和花岗片麻岩之中的电气石花岗岩(T0768-LG)具有与深熔事件相一致的年龄,其~(206)Pb/~(238)U谐和年龄为9.0±0.2Ma;(4)穹隆核部电气石花岗岩ε_(Nd)(t)值集中在(-18.9~-16.1),显著低于穹隆边缘的二云母花岗岩(ε_(Nd)(t)=-14.4~-10.3),指示电气石花岗岩部分熔融源区有更多成熟地壳物质的加入;(5)个别电气石花岗岩ε_(Nd)(t)值为-12.6,可能是岩浆上升过程中受到变泥质岩的混染所致。本次在纳木那尼穹隆的研究结果支持19~13Ma左右喜马拉雅造山带发生构造转换的模型(Zhang et al.,2012),并表明这种构造转化可能进一步引发了淡色花岗岩部分熔融源区的变化。南北伸展阶段为深度相对较浅的高喜马拉雅变泥质岩和杂砂岩等发生部分熔融,形成穹隆边缘的二云母花岗岩(~16Ma);进入东西向伸展阶段后,深熔作用导致深部主中央逆冲断层(MCT)附近的古元古代岩石单元和变泥质岩混合源区发生部分熔融,岩浆沿着南北向断裂带上升,形成电气石花岗岩体(~9Ma)。 相似文献
10.
变泥质岩的深熔作用与具铈（Ce）负异常熔体的成因 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
对美国加州南Sierra Nevada岩基中一个典型的中生代变质表壳岩及其混合岩带进行了详细的野外观察和元素地球化学研究。研究发现:在持久(约为150Ma)的花岗岩侵位作用下,早白垩世变泥质岩发生达角闪岩相的中高级变质作用和部分熔融,导致Isabella混合岩的形成;浅色体具有和变泥质岩及混合岩近平行的REE分布模式,但浅色体的LREE含量相对较低;和变泥质岩相似,混合岩中的浅色体具有显著的Ce负异常。野外观测、岩相观察及元素地球化学特征表明,浅色体显著的Ce负异常是继承了原岩的Ce负异常特征,而不是由于副矿物(磷灰石、独居石或锆石)的差异溶解或结晶分异作用造成的。早白垩世变泥质岩(浅色体的原岩)主要由泥质及沙质海相沉积物组成,局部夹基性火山灰和火山碎屑,形成于与大陆岛弧密切相关的浅海环境。原岩的Ce负异常反映了较还原的浅海沉积环境。具有Ce负异常浅色体的产出表明,如果俯冲带上的沉积岩在俯冲过程中发生部分熔融作用并且所产生的熔体参与大洋型岛弧岩浆作用,最终可以导致具有Ce异常的基性岩浆生成。 相似文献
11.
Melt infiltration into quartzite took place due to generation and migration of partial melts within the high‐grade metamorphic rocks of the Big Cottonwood (BC) formation in the Little Cottonwood contact aureole (UT, USA). Melt was produced by muscovite and biotite dehydration melting reactions in the BC formation, which contains pelite and quartzite interlayered on a centimetre to decimetre scale. In the migmatite zone, melt extraction from the pelites resulted in restitic schollen surrounded by K‐feldspar‐enriched quartzite. Melt accumulation occurred in extensional or transpressional domains such as boudin necks, veins and ductile shear zones, during intrusion‐related deformation in the contact aureole. The transition between the quartzofeldspathic segregations and quartzite shows a gradual change in texture. Here, thin K‐feldspar rims surround single, round quartz grains. The textures are interpreted as melt infiltration texture. Pervasive melt infiltration into the quartzite induced widening of the quartz–quartz grain boundaries, and led to progressive isolation of quartz grains. First as clusters of grains, and with increasing infiltration as single quartz grains in the K‐feldspar‐rich matrix of the melt segregation. A 3D–μCT reconstruction showed that melt formed an interconnected network in the quartzites. Despite abundant macroscopic evidence for deformation in the migmatite zone, individual quartz grains found in quartzofeldspathic segregations have a rounded crystal shape and lack quartz crystallographic orientation, as documented with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Water‐rich melts, similar to pegmatitic melts documented in this field study, were able to infiltrate the quartz network and disaggregate grain coherency of the quartzites. The proposed mechanism can serve as a model to explain abundant xenocrysts found in magmatic systems. 相似文献
12.
Role of melt during deformation in the deep crust 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Deformation in the deep crust is strongly influenced by the presence of melt. Injected melt (or magma) weakens the crust because strain will tend to localize where melt is present. The amount of strain a pluton may accommodate is dependent on the length of time it takes for a pluton to crystallize and the strain rate. For plutons that intrude into rocks which are near the solidus temperature of the melt, crystallization times can be quite long (> 1Myr).
Partial melting of deep crustal rocks can lead to melt-enhanced embrittlement. This occurs because the volume change for most melting reactions is positive. Therefore, when the rate of melt production outpaces the rate at which melt can leave the system, the melt pressure increases. Eventually, the melt pressure may become sufficiently high that the melting rocks behave in a brittle fashion and fracture.
Conjugate sets of dilatant shear fractures filled with melt occur in migmatite from the Central Gneiss belt (Canada); this suggests that melt-enhanced embrittlement occurred in these rocks. An expression which relates the magnitude of differential stress to the angle between conjugate dilatant shear fractures is derived. Assuming that migmatite has a small tensile strength, differential stresses are ≤ 20 MPa in migmatitic rocks at the time melt-enhanced embrittlement occurs. The occurrence of melt-enhanced embrittlement shows that a switch in deformation mechanism from plastic flow to cataclasis is possible in the deep crust during melting. Furthermore, repeated episodes of melt-enhanced embrittlement in migmatitic rocks may be an efficient mechanism for extracting melt from partially melted terrains. 相似文献
Partial melting of deep crustal rocks can lead to melt-enhanced embrittlement. This occurs because the volume change for most melting reactions is positive. Therefore, when the rate of melt production outpaces the rate at which melt can leave the system, the melt pressure increases. Eventually, the melt pressure may become sufficiently high that the melting rocks behave in a brittle fashion and fracture.
Conjugate sets of dilatant shear fractures filled with melt occur in migmatite from the Central Gneiss belt (Canada); this suggests that melt-enhanced embrittlement occurred in these rocks. An expression which relates the magnitude of differential stress to the angle between conjugate dilatant shear fractures is derived. Assuming that migmatite has a small tensile strength, differential stresses are ≤ 20 MPa in migmatitic rocks at the time melt-enhanced embrittlement occurs. The occurrence of melt-enhanced embrittlement shows that a switch in deformation mechanism from plastic flow to cataclasis is possible in the deep crust during melting. Furthermore, repeated episodes of melt-enhanced embrittlement in migmatitic rocks may be an efficient mechanism for extracting melt from partially melted terrains. 相似文献
13.
据岩石的变质相及变形特征可把胶东半岛分为5个地质单元,其构造几何关系由高至低为:1)板岩——砂岩单元;2)高压片麻岩——石英岩单元;3)大理岩——角闪岩单元;4)超高压变质单元,它经历了超过150km的深俯冲作用并快速折返至地表;5)片理化的混合岩穹隆单元,其为超高压变质单元叠加了混合岩化作用。这些构造单元均经历了相同的变形,具有NW指向的剪切特征。对比大别山构造学的研究结果,这种变形特征代表了超高压变质地体在折返过程中的运动学表现。混合岩穹隆中所残余含柯石英榴辉岩表明了胶东半岛和苏鲁地区具有相同的构造演化过程,烟台——青岛——五莲断裂不是华南板块与华北板块间的缝合带。 相似文献
14.
Extensional Tectonic Framework of Post High and Ultrahigh Pressure Metamorphism in Dabieshan, China 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＴｈｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｆｈｉｇｈ－ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ（ＨＰ）ａｎｄｕｌｔｒａｈｉｇｈ－ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ（ＵＨＰ）ｍｅｔａｍｏｒｐｈｉｃｒｏｃｋｓｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍａｊｏｒｈｏｔｔｏｐｉｃｓｉｎｔｈｅｓｏｌｉｄｅａｒｔｈｓｃｉｅｎ... 相似文献
15.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(3):226-236
The present constitution and architecture of the Dabieshan orogenic belt is the combined result of Triassic subduction collision, extensional tectonics postdating the HP and UHP metamorphism, and thermo-tectonic evolution in Mesozoic-Cenozoic time. In addition to Yanshanian and post-Yan-shanian magmatic intrusion, volcanic eruption, and basin deposition, lithotectonic constituents of the Dabie orogenic belt consist mainly of a core complex (CC) unit, an UHP unit, an HP unit, an epidote-blueschist (EBS) unit, and a sedimentary cover (SC) unit. Minor mafic-ultramafic plutons were intruded into or preserved within the CC, UHP, HP, or EBS units. Slices of UHP, HP, and EBS units are progressively sandwiched between the underlying core complex and the overlying sedimentary cover. The distribution of lithotectonic units is controlled by an extensional tectonic framework, which postdates the collisional event. The tectonic pattern of the Dabieshan orogenic belt as a whole is characterized by a general doming, with the development of multi-layered detachment zones. The study of partial melting associated with decompressive retrogression in the UHP unit during exhumation of the eclogites provides us with a better understanding of the relationship between eclogites and the surrounding country rock (socalled UHP gneisses), and the foliated garnet-bearing granites (the non-HP country rocks). It supports the “in situ” interpretation. Anatexis occurred under conditions of amphibolite-facies metamorphism at lower to middle crustal levels. This partial melting associated with decompression is one of the most important physico-chemical processes that postdate the collisional event in the Dabieshan. It signaled the evolution of the deformation regime from compression to extension, and reflected thinning of the continental crust and rapid uplift of UHP metamorphic rocks to middle to lower crustal levels by regional-scale extension. 相似文献
16.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(15):1842-1863
ABSTRACTThe late Mesozoic magmatic record within the Erguna Block is critical to evaluate the tectonic history and geodynamic evolution of the Great Xing’an Range, NE China. Here, we provide geochronological and geochemical data on Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous plutonic-volcanic rocks in the northern Erguna Block and discuss their origin within a regional tectonic framework. Late Mesozoic magmatism in the Erguna Block can be divided into two major periods: Late Jurassic (162–150 Ma) and Early Cretaceous (140–125 Ma). Late Jurassic quartz monzonite and dacite show adakite characteristics such as high Al2O3, high Sr, and steeply fractionated REE patterns. Contemporary granitoids and rhyolites are also characterized by strong enrichment of light rare earth elements (LREE) and significant depletion in heavy rare earth elements (HREE), but with more pronounced negative Eu anomalies. Early Cretaceous trachytes and monzoporphyries exhibit moderate LREE enrichment and relatively flat HREE distributions. Coeval granites and rhyolites have transitional signatures between A-type and fractionated I-type felsic rocks. Both Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous rocks have distinctive negative Nb, Ta, and Ti anomalies, and positive zircon εHf(t) values, suggesting that these magmas were derived from partial melting of Meso-Neoproterozoic accreted lower crust, although melting occurred at a variety of crustal levels. The transition from adakite to non-adakite magmatism reflects continued crustal thinning from Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous. Our data, together with recently reported isotopic data for plutonic and volcanic rocks, as well as geochemical data, in NE China, suggest that Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous magmatism in the Erguna Block was possibly induced by post-collisional extension after closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean. 相似文献
17.
The Strathbogie Igneous Complex is comprised of the ignimbritic rocks of the Violet Town Volcanics and the granitic rocks of the Strathbogie batholith. It is Late Devonian in age and postorogenic-extensional in tectonic setting. The batholith was constructed from peraluminous, metasediment-derived magmas emplaced as several internally heterogeneous plutons. Chemical variation in the magmas was largely inherited from the protolith rather than having been produced by differentiation (crystal–liquid separation) or magma mixing. The Strathbogie magmas formed during a granulite-facies metamorphic event that caused partial melting of the rocks of the Proterozoic Selwyn Block, which forms the basement in this region. The chemistry of the Strathbogie batholith, the Violet Town Volcanics and various other felsic complexes of similar age, implies that the Selwyn Block here originally consisted of andesite, dacite, greywacke and pelite, probably deposited in a back-arc extensional setting. The sedimentary components of this protolith may have been deposited in a basin that was extending and deepening with time, so that the sediments contained progressively higher ratios of clay to volcanic materials. Much later, in the Late Devonian, extensional tectonics allowed the emplacement of mantle magmas into the deep and middle crust, causing the low-pressure granulite-facies metamorphic event that was responsible for the production of the crustal components in the granitic magmas of Central Victoria. 相似文献
18.
花岗岩浆形成定位机制的思考与研究进展 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
花岗岩(广义)是陆壳的标志,也是地球岩石圈区别于其它行星岩石圈的标志。文章介绍了行星探测和大洋调查等方面的成果对花岗岩形成的地质约束:行星从岩浆表壳向岩石表壳转换过程以及现代地幔过程,均没有产生有规模意义的花岗岩;花岗岩及其所标志的陆壳,应是星球出现水圈和沉积岩之后的产物;花岗岩在地球岩石圈二维空间上的平均生长速率,大约为485×10~3km~2/Myr;岩浆主要来自地壳岩石的部分熔融(深熔)。在此基础上,文章介绍了深熔作用方面的研究进展,讨论了部分熔融岩石的流变行为与其内熔体比的关系,并比较了岩浆侵入模型与岩浆对流模型在解释花岗岩形成定位机制方面的异同。侵入模型的困难之一来自岩体与源区分离。由于源区位于岩体下方且远离岩体,因而是不可观察的,除非岩体及其与源区之间的岩石因风化或构造被剥蚀殆尽。文章最后介绍了"深熔-对流"模型的研究进展。该模型认为"源区"与"定位区间"是统一的,当"源区"岩石的熔体比例超过流变学的临界熔体比,岩石转变为"脏"岩浆;"脏"岩浆层内的重力分异诱发热对流,后者引起"顶蚀作用",导致重熔界面(MI)或固-液转换界面(SLT)不断向上移动和岩浆层的逐渐增厚。基本认识是:熔区内的热对流是深熔作用能够形成大规模花岗岩浆的必要条件;没有对流,陆壳岩石的部分熔融只能产生混合岩,不能产生岩基规模的花岗岩。 相似文献
19.
Ryan D. Mills Allen F. Glazner Drew S. Coleman 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2009,158(2):263-281
Interaction of magma with wall rock is an important process in igneous petrology, but the mechanisms by which interactions
occur are poorly known. The western outer granodiorite of the Cretaceous Tuolumne Intrusive Suite of Yosemite National Park,
California, intruded a variety of metasedimentary and igneous wall rocks at 93.1 Ma. The May Lake metamorphic screen is a
metasedimentary remnant whose contact zone exhibits a variety of interaction phenomena including xenolith incorporation, disaggregation,
and partial melting. The chemical contrast of these metasedimentary rocks with the invading pluton provides an excellent measure
of pluton/wall rock interactions. Wall rock xenoliths (mostly pelitic quartzite) are predominantly located in an elongate
horizon surrounded by a hybridized fine-grained granodiorite. Initial Sr and Nd isotopic ratios of the hybridized granodiorite
indicate significant local incorporation of crustal material. Major- and trace-element geochemical data indicate that contamination
of the granodiorite occurred via selective assimilation of both high-K and low-K, high-silica partial melts derived from pelitic
quartzite. Although the hybridized granodiorite shows significant amounts of contamination, adjacent to xenoliths the proportion
of contamination is undetectable more than a meter away. These results indicate that the chemical and isotopic variability
of the Tuolumne Intrusive Suite is not caused by magma contamination via in situ wall rock assimilation. 相似文献
20.
The Main Zone of the Hidaka Metamorphic Belt is an uplifted crustal section of island-arc type. The crust was formed during early Tertiary time, as a result of collision between two arc–trench systems of Cretaceous age. The crustal metamorphic sequence is divided into four metamorphic zones (I–IV), in which zone IV is in the granulite facies. A detailed study of the evolution of the Hidaka Belt, based on a revised P–T–t analysis of the metamorphic rocks, notably a newly found staurolite-bearing granulite, confirms a prograde isobaric heating path, after a supposed event of tectonic thickening of accretionary sedimentary and oceanic crustal rocks. During the peak metamorphic event (c. 53 Ma), the regional geothermal gradient attained 33–40° C km?1, and the highest P–T condition obtained from the lowest part of the granulite unit is 830° C, 7 kbar. In this part, XH2O of Gt–Opx–Cd gneiss is about 0.15 and that of Gt–Cd–Bt gneiss is 0.4. The P–T–XH2O condition of the granulite unit is well within a field where fluid-present partial melting of pelitic and greywacke metamorphic rocks takes place. This is in harmony with the restitic nature of the Gt–Opx–Cd gneiss in the lowest part of the granulite unit. The possibility that partial melting took place in the Main Zone is significant for the genesis of the peraluminous (S-type) granitic rocks within it. The S-type granitic rocks in this zone are Opx–Gt–Bt tonalite in the granulite zone, Gt–Cd–Bt tonalite in the amphibolite zone, and Cd–Bt–Mus tonalite in the Bt–Mus gneiss zone. The mineralogical and chemical nature of these strongly peraluminous tonalitic rocks permit them to be regarded as having been derived from S-type granitic magma generated by crustal anatexis of pelitic metamorphic rocks in deeper crust. 相似文献