共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 328 毫秒
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本文从地图制图专业视角出发,归纳互联网地图制图体系的要素及其关系,分析目前地图视觉质量仍待优化的必要性,并揭示现状问题的成因。进而结合互联网地图的特点、媒介环境和技术条件、受众认知与交互需求等,提出影响互联网地图视觉质量的用户考量、研究倾向、参与协同和介质技术等四大因素。由此,强调美学属性是地图必要的有机组分,网络地图服务的功能体验、交互体验、视觉体验相辅相成。最后,基于以用户为中心和跨学科协同的理念,回答了制图实践的方向性问题,从宏观指导、具体原则和实施细节三个层面,探讨了互联网地图视觉质量控制和优化设计的对策建议。 相似文献
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空间数据基础设施(SDI)要面向多领域、多层次用户的个性化需求提供自适应信息服务,基于网络挖掘技术分析了SDI中职能部门的用户背景、服务访问行为和制图规则的关系,提出了自适应部门空间模型和基于地图服务访问日志的用户偏好挖掘方法,着重讨论了尺度偏好、语义偏好和要素偏好的挖掘过程.通过对真实服务日志的分析,验证了本文方法的可行性和有效性. 相似文献
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公众参与式地图制图服务的设计与实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分析了公众参与式地理信息系统、自发式地理信息的研究现状,探讨了网络环境下公众用户使用自发式地理信息进行交互式制图的需求及其特点。在此基础上,设计并实现了一个公众参与式的在线地图制图服务原型系统,并将其应用于深圳基础空间信息平台相关项目。 相似文献
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随着测绘地理信息技术的快速发展,地图制图工艺发生了重大变化,基于地理空间数据库的自动化制图成为主流。尽管基于GIS(geographic information system)软件配图方式的自动制图技术逐渐成熟,并且在一定程度上满足了电子地图快速发布的需求,但地图制图领域中的高质量地图制图工艺和技术方法的改进仍然进展缓慢,人工依然承担大量重复的低效率的制图工作。本方法以制图知识库为驱动、基于制图软件平台开发自动制图系统,在保持软件原有制图工艺特点和功能不被改变的前提下,对专业制图软件的制图功能进行扩展,实现了制图软件中GIS数据库的全要素的自动化制图,减少地图制图工作量,实现高质量地图制图的自动化,极大提高制图效率。 相似文献
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互联网用户参与的地图制图容易出现视觉冲突、压盖、拥挤等地图表达问题,需要引入地图自动综合协助解决。网络地图中由于原图比例尺和综合后比例尺均难以准确量化,常规地图自动综合基于“原图比例尺-综合后比例尺”判断是否需要综合的方法已不再适用。矢量数据在可视化后会产生视觉粘连,视觉粘连越明显,地图表达效果越差,综合的需求也越强烈。基于此规律,本文提出对视觉粘连进行定量描述并据此判断是否需要综合。首先,从人类视觉感受出发,结合栅格化思想设计了矢量曲线视觉粘连的量化指标——视觉清晰度。然后,基于“金字塔式”的尺度空间计算曲线在多个比例尺表达的清晰度,并拟合了清晰度的变化函数。最后,将该函数应用于众源地理数据的网络地图综合决策。试验结果表明,本文方法可准确判断每条矢量曲线是否需要综合,能有效解决地理数据尺度异质性带来的可视化难题。同时,清晰度变化函数将曲线的尺度描述由静态数值扩展到连续函数,有望更好地支持多尺度空间数据处理及网络地图综合等问题。 相似文献
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《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2021,(4)
随着数字地图与地理信息服务的需求增长,快速高效的地图制图和地理信息更新技术需求迫切,协同制图是提高地图制图工作效率、快速更新地图和地理空间数据库的有效方法。针对基于空间数据库的地图编辑事务执行效率低、并发控制复杂、地图数据一致性维护困难的问题,提出一种利用地图文档模拟的地图编辑事务模型,它支持空间坐标、属性、几何、关系等定义,用地图文档状态变化描述地图编辑事务,利用地图文档备份数据和变化数据来存储组织地图编辑事务,为协同制图提供了一种高效事务处理手段。试验表明,该模型使地图编辑过程不受数据库管理系统(database management system,DBMS)执行效率的限制,且严格保持了地图编辑事务的原子性、一致性、隔离性、持久性(atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability,ACID)特性,很好地支持了"你见即我见"的协同制图用户视图同步显示,相比基于DBMS的地图数据库具备更高的执行效率和事务管理能力,可用于地理空间数据库和制图数据库快速更新。 相似文献
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《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(1):48-60
The growth of web-based mapping is transforming geovisualization. Use of web mapping has become ubiquitous throughout much of the world and has sparked greater public interest in GIS and mapping. Despite the rapid growth of web mapping, there has been relatively little study of the design and usability of web maps. Moreover, the design and function of popular web mapping programs are sometimes at odds with standard GIS and cartographic practices for even the simplest of functions such as zooming into a feature of interest. This study advances understanding of web mapping design via web usability testing based on mouse metrics and eye tracking technology to assess the utility of four different web map navigation schemes: pan zoom; double clicking; zoom by rectangle; and wheel zoom. We found significant differences among the various interfaces, with marked preference for the standard GIS approach of rectangle zoom, followed closely by wheel zoom. Far fewer users preferred the web mapping standard of pan zoom or click zoom. In addition to finding significant differences in usability among these approaches, this work illustrates the broader utility of usability testing and eye tracking technology for creating a better web mapping experience for users. 相似文献
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Jinqu Zhang 《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(1):44-53
A method based on graphic entity for map symbol visualization in vector-based web mapping is proposed. The method is especially effective for complex geological symbols. It has three parts: graphic entity library, symbol synthesizer, and synthesis specifications. The design process is described as the application of the method to symbols representing point, line, and polygon features in web mapping. The method works with Flash, SVG, or other mapping technologies. We chose Flash to visualize geological disaster information for the Guangdong province in China. The case study demonstrates that this graphic entity-based method can meet the demands for interactive symbolization and complex symbol visualization in Internet web mapping. It produces good results, is fast, and is easy to operate. This makes it especially suitable for web-mapping applications, especially vector-based and hybrid WebGIS applications which display complex symbols. 相似文献
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This paper revisits the death of distance hypothesis. To explore the role of distance in the information age, three methods – web scan, hyperlink, and trace-route – are used to map the Internet for the US educational network. Statistical analysis is conducted to evaluate whether physical distance has any impact on the Internet information access. The cartographic and statistical results indicate that geography in general and distance in particular are still important factors in shaping the spatial pattern of Internet activities. For the most popular fifty-three US educational web sites, the physical distance within one thousand miles has positive effects on Internet access while access to international hosts heavily depends on the response time, link speed and other Internet infrastructures and interconnections such as the availability of domain name servers, network access points, backbones, etc. Implications of absolute, relative, and virtual distance in mapping the Internet are discussed. It is concluded that the death of distance hypothesis is premature, even misguided in most cases. 相似文献
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David Forrest 《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(3):213-214
In recent years, the concepts of usability, user experience, and user-centricity have gained in interest. Digital applications, developed in line with criteria related to these approaches, ask for a deeper understanding of users and their requirements. But, even though there is a wide range of methods available, the creation of user-centric applications with good usability and user experience still poses great challenges for developers. This is also true for web maps, i.e. web map applications, which today are ubiquitous on the Internet. They have evolved into an important information and communication tool and address users who do not possess any specific knowledge of Geoinformatics (GI) or Cartography. Despite the efforts made to meet the requirements and preferences of laymen, these users still often face problems when dealing with web map applications. This refers to aspects of design, content, and functionality. Here, participatory design, which is well-known in the field of Software and Web Engineering, might provide a suitable means. By engaging users directly and actively in the application development process, developers are able to gain a profound understanding of the users and their needs. However, there are several open questions regarding the use of participatory design for designing and implementing web map applications: What does the use of participatory design in web map development processes look like in detail? How and to what degree can users be involved in the development processes? Which added values exist? These questions are addressed by the project YouthMap 5020, whose main goal it was to create a prototype youth-centric web map for the Austrian city of Salzburg (zip code 5020). Applying the approach of participatory design, about 120 teenage pupils from several local schools were involved in all kinds of tasks related to the phases of generating the youth-centric Salzburg web city map. Experience and knowledge gained thereby allowed elaborating recommendations generally useful for generating youth-centric web map applications. 相似文献
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Simon Moncrieff Geoff West James Cosford Narelle Mullan Andrew Jardine 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2014,7(4):294-315
In this paper, we detail the design and the implementation of an open source, server-side web mapping framework for the analysis of health data. The framework forms part of a larger project, the goal of which is to provide an analytical web geographical information system (GIS) that enables health experts to analyse spatial aspects of health data. The aim of the framework is to provide a method for the dynamic and flexible spatial visualisation of health data to facilitate data exploration and analysis. Consequently, a dynamic thematic web mapping technique, an extension to the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) web map service standard, was developed. The technique combines a data query, processing technique and styling methodology on the fly to generate a thematic map. The resulting thematic map represents a virtual map layer that enables a user to rapidly visually summarise properties of a data-set. A test web interface was developed to assess the efficacy of the web mapping technique. As the dynamic web mapping method builds on existing OGC web mapping standards, it can be readily integrated with the existing lightweight slippy map web clients and virtual globes. 相似文献
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The virtual globe is the default visualization for Digital Earth applications, but it can only show one half of the Earth. This article introduces user-adjustable, on-the-fly projection of georeferenced raster images for web mapping and web GIS applications. This technique allows users to center a map on arbitrary locations, while still seeing the entire Earth surface. Modern web mapping libraries can apply map projection transformations to vector data in the browser, but they do not currently support the projection of raster images at interactive frame rates. We use the cross-platform WebGL (Web Graphics Library) graphics pipeline for hardware-accelerated projection of raster data in web browsers. Two algorithmic techniques – inverse per-fragment projection, and combined forward per-triangle and inverse per-fragment projection – for georeferenced raster imagery are documented. The resulting raster maps combine the ease of use and flexibility of interactive virtual globes with the ability to show the entire Earth. The adjustable projection of raster imagery allows users to observe global phenomena that are difficult to visualize on virtual globes or traditional maps with static projections. 相似文献
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YEN Gar-onZHAO ShuangmingGONG JianyaZHU Xinyan 《地球空间信息科学学报》2001,4(4):32-36
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