共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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利用宽频带流动地震台阵和首都圈固定台网记录到的近震波形数据,研究了首都圈地区（386°N～410°N,〖JP〗1150°E～1197°E）的横波分裂,给出了快波偏振优势方向的场分布,讨论了首都圈地区的应力场特征. 在此基础上,采用二维线弹性有限元数值模拟方法,探讨了断层不均匀滑动对区域构造应力场的影响. 结果表明：（1）首都圈地区的应力场整体特征表现为NE向的背景应力场和受张家口-蓬莱断裂带控制的NW向的局部应力场;（2）在研究区域的西半部分和中部,最大主压应力方向为NE60°～70°,在唐山大震区及其东部区域,最大主压应力方向近WE向;（3）首都圈地区的局部应力场最大主压应力方向比较一致,基本上都与张家口-蓬莱断裂带走向平行,为120°～130°;〖JP2〗（4）首都圈区域内断层的存在及其郴均匀滑动是研究区内出现大量局部应力场的一个重要原因,张家口-〖JP〗蓬莱断裂带对首都圈局部应力场起着重要的控制作用. 相似文献
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新疆伽师及周围构造应力场区域特征探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在利用伽师及周围58次中强地震震源机制解对这一地区的构造应力场进行分析的基础上,结合系统聚类和应力场反演计算结果,对不同时期、不同区域应力场的变化特征进行了分析。该区域地震以走滑错动为主,柯坪块体逆冲作用更为明显。区域最大主压应力方向近SN,但不同构造背景下的主压应力方向存在着较明显的差异。乌恰-喀什地区P轴基本近SN向,但存在着由NW—SN—NE的随时间变化的过程;柯坪块体内部长期以来受较为一致的NW-SE向压应力作用;伽师震区P轴方向为NE-SW。1996年区域应力场方向开始发生明显的变化,P轴方位向NE偏转,倾角增大。结果表现出不同构造环境下应力场分布格局的特征或变化 相似文献
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收集2020年1月19日新疆伽师MS6.4地震周围及柯坪逆冲推覆构造附近震源机制解资料,应用MSATSI软件包中阻尼最小二乘法反演该地震震中周围的构造应力场。结果表明,研究区主压应力轴方向呈近NS向且整体一致性较好,西段最大主应力方向为NNW向,东段为NNE向,但西段中的喀什、巴楚等靠近塔里木块体边缘地区主压应力方向为NNE向。柯坪逆冲推覆构造带所在区域的主压应力方向呈NNW向,主张应力方向呈NNE向,与此次地震的震源机制解P、T轴方向相同,表明该地震的发生受区域构造应力场影响。研究区整体张轴的非均匀性明显,方位分布范围较大,但地震震中周围主压应力轴倾伏角一致性特征明显,反映了该区域以逆冲为主的应力特征。 相似文献
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本研究将利用余震分布和区域应力场确定大震断层面参数的方法应用于2010年玉树MS7.1级地震发震断层面参数的确定,获得了本次地震断层面参数为:走向294.6°,倾角78.0°,滑动角7.5°,属于左旋走滑型地震和甘孜—玉树断裂带的性质相一致.主震前后应力场反演结果表明该区域的应力场为:中间主应力轴近直立,最大和最小主应力轴近水平,且发现玉树地震前后震源区应力场存在偏转现象,最大主压应力轴由震前的NEE向逆时针旋转至震后的NNE向,震后最大主压应力轴与断层走向近垂直,表明主震对震源区应力释放较为充分. 相似文献
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《地震研究》2020,(4)
基于标量断层类型值,对京津冀地区及邻区2 187个中小地震震源机制解进行分类,统计结果显示研究区震源机制类型以走滑断层和正断层为主,P轴优势方位为NEE—EW和SWW—EW向;采用MSATSI软件包反演该区1°×1°网格的精细地壳应力场,结果表明:最大主压应力轴最优解的优势方向为NEE—EW向,与P轴优势方位一致;所有网格的相对应力大小R值均小于0.5,表明京津冀地区应力状态偏拉张性质,而且最小主压应力轴的不确定度变化范围相对稳定,表明现今京津冀地区地壳应力场处于一个相对统一的NNW—SSE向的拉张作用控制下。39°N以北地区最大主压应力轴方位最优解显示一定角度的偏转,同时最大、中等、最小主压应力轴最优解推断的应力状态由西向东存在一个正断层—走滑断层—正断层的转换过程;而39°N以南地区的现今构造应力场保持稳定,最优主压应力轴呈NEE—SWW向,大部分网格应力状态显示走滑型。构造应力场的反演结果与活动构造、GPS主应变方向和剪切波分裂的快波偏振方向等相关研究结果基本一致。 相似文献
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利用1997-1998年伽师强震群中强地震震源机制系统聚类及震源区应力场反演,得到以下主要结果:(1)伽师强震群中强地震主要以走滑和正断层为主,伽师震源区主压应力方向为NNE或近NS向,与相邻的柯坪块体区域构造应力场方向不一致;伽师强震群的破裂面沿NEE方向,属左旋破裂;(2)4~5级中强地震应力场反演得到最大主压应力轴为NNE向,最小主压应力轴为NWW向,中等主应力轴倾角为65°,比较直立;(3)伽师强震群震源区应力场在强震前后经历了一系列变化。最后对所得结果进行了一定的讨论。 相似文献
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《地震地质》2020,(3)
文中收集了新疆测震台网2009—2018年记录的492个MS2.5以上的地震事件,以MS=3.5为界,分别用CAP方法和FOCEMEC程序计算其震源机制解,并收集了GCMT记录的该区域历史地震事件的震源机制解结果。按照全球应力图分类标准对计算得到的震源机制解数据进行分类,发现区域内中强地震主要以逆冲型为主,兼有一定的走滑分量。采用阻尼区域应力场反演方法获取新疆天山中段的构造应力场空间分布特征,结果表明研究区内最大主压应力轴由西向东呈扇形旋转,自西段的NW向逐渐转为NE向,仰角近水平,最大主张应力轴近EW向,仰角近直立。受喀什河断裂、那拉提断裂、博阿断裂、准噶尔南缘断裂和北轮台断裂等大型断裂带的影响,局部区域应力场呈现出复杂的多样性。在帕米尔和塔里木块体持续向N挤压的影响下,天山整体被挤压缩短,但由南向北、由西向东缩短速率逐渐降低,应力形因子自西向东逐渐增大,且中间主压应力轴由偏压缩成分转为偏拉张成分。研究区南侧最大主压应力轴方向为N15°E,而北侧则为近SN向,这与塔里木块体的顺时针旋转有直接关联。区内近期发生的2次MS6.6地震均造成区域应力场的逆时针旋转,震后应力场与主震震源机制解趋于一致。 相似文献
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利用Snoke方法求解和收集得到的77次中小地震的震源机制解资料, 采用Gephart应力张量反演方法, 获得了郯庐断裂带鲁苏皖段构造应力场, 最大主压应力方位角为80°, 最小主压应力方位角为172°, 最大、 中等和最小主压应力倾角分别为15°、 65°和19°, 反映了研究区处于近EW向水平作用和近NS向的水平拉张作用环境下。 根据地震活动、 地质构造及震源机制解差异, 我们将郯庐断裂带鲁苏皖段分5个区段开展研究, 结果显示: 5个分区应力场存在局部差异, 最大主压应力方位角处于63°～88°之间, 从北往南总体方向成顺时针偏转的趋势。 跨郯庐断裂带两侧的应力场研究结果显示, 从西到东最大主压应力方向有一个逆时针偏转的趋势, 西侧最大主压应力方向更接近EW向, 东侧更接近NE向, 郯庐断裂带内处于两侧的过渡地段。 相似文献
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Gtz Schroth Luciana Ferreira Da Silva Marc‐Andree Wolf Wenceslau Geraldes Teixeira Wolfgang Zech 《水文研究》1999,13(10):1423-1436
The partitioning of rain water into throughfall, stemflow and interception loss when passing through plant canopies depends on properties of the respective plant species, such as leaf area and branch angles. In heterogeneous vegetation, such as tropical forest or polycultural systems, the presence of different plant species may consequently result in a mosaic of situations with respect to quantity and quality of water inputs into the soil. As these processes influence not only the water availability for the plants, but also water infiltration and nutrient leaching, the understanding of plant effects on the repartitioning of rain water may help in the optimization of land use systems and management practices. We measured throughfall and stemflow in a perennial polyculture (multi‐strata agroforestry), monocultures of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) for fruit and for palmito, a monoculture of cupuaçu (Theobroma grandiflorum), spontaneous fallow and primary forest during one year in central Amazonia, Brazil. The effect on rain water partitioning was measured separately for four useful tree species in the polyculture and for two tree species in the primary forest. Throughfall at two stem distances, and stemflow, differed significantly between tree species, resulting in pronounced spatial patterns of water input into the soil in the polyculture system. For two tree species, peach palm for fruit (Bactris gasipaes) and Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa), the water input into the soil near the stem was significantly higher than the open‐area rainfall. This could lead to increased nutrient leaching when fertilizer is applied close to the stem of these trees. In the primary forest, such spatial patterns could also be detected, with significantly higher water input near a palm (Oenocarpus bacaba) than near a dicotyledonous tree species (Eschweilera sp.). Interception losses were 6·4% in the polyculture, 13·9 and 12·3% in the peach palm monocultures for fruit and for palmito, respectively, 0·5% in the cupuaçu monoculture and 3·1% in the fallow. With more than 20% of the open‐area rainfall, the highest stemflow contributions to the water input into the soil were measured in the palm monocultures and in the fallow. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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M. A. Kahn 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2000,28(2):95-101
Red tide, a recurrent phenomenon has become conspicuous in several Kashmir lake ecosystems since 1991. The responsible organism (Euglena pedunculata), a rare flagellate rediscovered in the Kashmir Himalaya (Khan 1993) caused first and unprecedented red tide outbreak, constituting a maximum of 96% of resident numerical phytoplankton density in Dal Lake. At present, conflicting hypotheses exist on the generation of causal assemblage(s) imparting redness to waters: Jeeji Bai (1991) linked its origin to acid precipitation – a fallout of burning oil‐fields during the Gulf War – whilst Khan (1993) holds local factor(s) responsible. Field/experimental studies support the latter contention that the influx of untreated sewage, in unison with warm temperatures, high levels of PhAR, iron and interruption to hydrological flow‐pattern together with absence/or reduction in grazing activity created conducive environmental milieu for red tide outbreak. Dal Lake “red tide” drifted the bloom‐inoculum to other waters, including Lake Wular, where additional ecological niches were carved out, threatening the aesthetic value and biological diversity of Kashmir lakes. Ecological monitoring indicates frequent seasonal red tide occurrence in Dal Lake (including summer‐autumn event of 1998) which testifies its unabated eutrophication status. Further studies are needed on ecological adaptability and biogeographic distribution of this rare and unique red tide‐causing flagellate. 相似文献