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《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2001,19(1-2):61-76
The northeastern margin of the Tethyan Neyriz ophiolite complex in southwestern Iran is tectonically juxtaposed under cataclastically-deformed island arc volcanic–volcaniclastic rocks. We document this arc component of the Zagros Crush Zone in the Neyriz area, and describe its petrographic and geochemical characteristics. The arc unit which we call the Hassanabad Unit, is tectonically intercalated with Cretaceous limestone in the cataclastic shear zone around the Hassanabad pass north of Neyriz.Analyses of the distributions of the major, rare earth and other trace elements in the volcanic rocks of the Hassanabad Unit reveal a dominantly calc-alkaline island arc composition. Volcanogenic sandstone and sedimentary breccia, with clasts of basalt, andesite and diorite, are cataclastically intercalated with pillowed calc-alkaline island arc volcanic rocks, pelagic limestone and radiolarian chert. Trace element geochemistry corroborates the petrographic evidence that the poorly-sorted and angular volcanogenic sediments were derived locally from the island arc volcanic and intrusive rocks. The emplacement of the volcanic arc rocks adjacent to the thrust sheets of the crustal and mantle sequences of the Neyriz ophiolite was probably a result of subduction-related processes during closure of the Tethys ocean during the Late Cretaceous. 相似文献
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V. M. Grannik 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2012,445(2):934-938
It has been established that volcanic rocks of the Schmidt, Rymnik, and Terpeniya terranes are fragments of the compound Early to Late Cretaceous-Paleogene East Sakhalin island arc system of the Sea of Okhotsk region. This island arc paleosystem was composed of back-arc volcano-plutonic belt, frontal volcanic island arc, fore-arc, inter-arc, and back-arc basins, and the Sakhalin marginal paleobasin. The continental volcanic rocks dominate in the back-arc volcano-plutonic belt and frontal volcanic island arc. The petrochemical composition of basalts, basaltic andesites, andesites, and trachytes from the frontal island arc formed in submarine conditions are typical of oceanic island arc or marginal sea rocks (IAB). The petrochemical composition of volcanic rocks from the island arc structures indicates its formation on the heterogeneous basement including the continental and oceanic blocks. 相似文献
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本文将晚古生代以来苏门答腊火成岩划分出四个岩浆-构造旋回或岩浆活动期次（海西期、印支期、燕山期和喜山期）,并讨论其板块构造背景。结果表明：分布于西苏门答腊地体海西期酸性侵入岩属于碰撞后地壳的火山弧I-型花岗岩带,其火山岩为大陆拉张带（初始裂谷）中的安山．玄武岩系列,而分布在东苏门答腊地体的大多数酸性侵入岩具有s-型花岗岩的性质。印支期西苏门答腊地体侵入岩为I-型花岗岩,属于火山弧花岗岩。印支期碰撞后板内岩浆活动带（廖内群岛-班加岛-勿里洞岛）的侵入岩以含锡s-型花岗岩为特色。燕山期以后的深成岩-火山岩活动的岩石类型和分布特征,受大陆拉张带（初始裂谷）及其相邻的洋岛的控制。燕山早期细碧岩属于陆缘裂谷火山岩。喜山期火山岩属于陆缘火山弧,其中橄榄玄粗岩落在洋岛玄武岩与洋中脊玄武岩（MORB）交界线附近。 相似文献
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东昆仑巴颜喀拉浊积盆地二叠纪火山岩 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
东昆仑巴颜喀拉浊积盆地内沿扎拉依-哥琼尼洼断裂带及约古宗列断裂带的断夹块内出露有一套二叠纪马尔争组火山岩, 火山岩呈构造岩片形式产出, 扎拉依-哥琼尼洼断裂带火山岩岩石组合主要为玄武岩、玄武安山岩, 少量玄武岩具枕状构造, 岩石SiO2含量均匀, TiO2的含量较高, ALK的含量较低, 为拉斑系列的玄武岩, 玄武岩稀土总量较高, 稀土配分曲线为轻稀土富集型, 与洋岛型火山岩的稀土配分曲线相一致, 火山岩大离子亲石元素较富集, 高场强元素及重稀土元素较平坦, 稀土、微量元素特征及构造环境判别显示其形成于较富集的洋岛环境, 少数为洋中脊的构造环境.约古宗列断裂带火山岩岩石组合为玄武岩、玄武安山岩, 岩石SiO2含量较高, TiO2含量较低, 均 < 1%, 为钙碱性系列火山岩, 玄武安山岩的稀土配分曲线与扎拉依-哥琼尼洼断裂带一致, 而英安岩的轻稀土富集程度高, 与岛弧高钾安山岩的稀土配分曲线相吻合, 构造环境判别显示其形成于岛弧构造环境.根据扎拉依-哥琼尼洼断裂带两侧火山岩成分的差异以及断裂带两侧巴颜喀拉群碎屑物成分的差异, 可以把巴颜喀拉山三叠纪浊积盆地进一步划分为北亚带和南亚带. 相似文献
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甘肃北山地区古亚洲南缘古生代岛弧带位置的讨论 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
综合研究得出结论:"甘肃北山红石山断裂带以北的雀儿山-英安山地区为一种与俯冲洋壳板块相关的岛弧带,它记录了古亚洲大洋向南缘东天山古陆系统下俯冲消减的整个地史过程".主要依据:①该地区缺少古老基底陆壳;②发育于区内的中奥陶世-泥盆纪不同时代地层中的火山岩和石炭-三叠纪的中酸性侵入岩,主要以钙碱性或TTG或埃达克成分系列为主要标志,揭示深部有消减洋壳板片或岩源的存在;③从中奥陶世和志留纪火山岩的玄武岩、安山岩和英安岩组合,到泥盆纪以安山岩、英安岩为主的流纹岩、玄武岩组合,至三叠纪马鞍山、小草湖中酸性侵入岩序列的部分高钾钙碱性岩石类型组合,反映古亚洲大洋在南侧消减带之上从一种不成熟岛弧到成熟岛弧和大陆边缘弧发育演化的过程;文章提出代表古亚洲大洋南缘消减带的实际位置应在雀儿山-英安山一线以北的蒙古境内,而北山岛弧带实属南侧东天山古陆陆缘增生地体的一部分. 相似文献
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新疆北部阿克纳瓦山晚泥盆世中基性火山岩以全碱含量较高为其最突出的特点。岩相学、矿物学、岩石化学、稀土元素和微量元素地球化学的研究表明,火山岩属于碱性玄武岩系列,以碱性玄武岩组岩石为主,同时有少量橄榄玄粗岩组岩石,表现为碱性玄武岩演化的肯尼迪趋势。火山岩是地幔部分熔融作用的产物,但在岩浆上升过程中发生过橄榄石和(或)辉石的分离结晶作用。火山岩产出的构造环境为具有陆壳基底的岛弧或活动大陆边缘火山弧,不可能是洋中脊。岛弧或活动大陆边缘火山弧的产生是以阿尔曼泰—扎河坝蛇绿混杂岩带为代表的次生洋盆,自晚泥盆世起向北东方向(现代方向)俯冲作用的结果。 相似文献
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The Western Cordillera of Colombia (WCC) is part of the Basic Igneous Complex (BIC), which is one of the world's largest ophiolitic complexes, extending from Costa Rica through Panama and Colombia to Ecuador. Major and trace element data on 32 volcanic rocks from the central and northern parts of the Western Cordillera are presented; no data have been available to date for volcanic rocks from the northern parts of the Western Cordillera. Petrographical and geochemical investigations show that the rocks are altered and have undergone low-grade metamorphism. The subalkaline rocks are represented by tholeiitic basalts, calc-alkaline basic andesites, andesites, and one dacite. It is concluded that a mature oceanic island arc existed in the Cretaceous, in what is now the northern part of the Western Cordillera. The tectonics of the region, particularly the intensive imbrication of the chain, indicates the presence of a paleo-subduction zone with an oceanic island arc that accreted on the old continental margin. These new data, combined with new and previous data from the central part of the BIC of Colombia, suggest that volcanic rocks of the Western Cordillera can be interpreted as allochthonous slabs. These slabs were imbricated with back-arc and fore-arc sediments and tonalitic bodies during the closing of a back-arc basin in northwestern South America and accretion of an oceanic island arc. Oblique subduction accreted these different areas to the continental margin during Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary times. Two plate-tectonic models are proposed: a) development of the calc-alkaline volcanic rocks in the northern parts of the Western Cordillera, separated by tholeiitic rocks, formed along a transform fault represented by the tholeiitic basalts of the central and southern parts of the Western Cordillera; or b) development of an oceanic island arc along the Cretaceous continental margin of northwestern South America. In the central and southern parts of this island arc, accretion took place early and therefore only an island-arc tholeiitic suite was formed. 相似文献
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通过对分布于勉略构造带中段三岔子西侧中堂沟地区的火山岩进行详实的野外地质剖面调查,发现其为一套绿片岩相浅变质火山岩,岩石组合以变安山岩为主,含有少量的变玄武岩和变英安岩,主体为钙碱性系列。岩石地球化学研究表明3类岩石均具有轻稀土富集型稀土配分曲线,并显示弱的Eu负异常;微量元素方面,岩石普遍富集大离子亲石元素Cs、Rb、Ba,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta,相对亏损P、Ti,不活动微量元素Zr、Hf、Tb、Y等既无明显的相对亏损也无显著的相对富集。在La-La/Nb、Nb-Nb/Th和La/Yb-Sc/Ni等环境判别图解中,变玄武岩和变安山岩样品点均落在岛弧火山岩范围内,并结合其岩石组合特征指示该套火山岩应形成于大陆边缘弧(活动陆缘)环境。其中变玄武岩和变安山岩岩浆起源于楔形地幔的部分熔融,且有陆壳物质的参与;变英安岩的形成则与壳源物质的部分熔融有关。 相似文献
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在班公错—怒江小洋盆内晚侏罗世存在向南的俯冲已被许多学者所证实,近期在班—怒带中部的东巧蛇绿岩带北侧发现一套晚侏罗世火山岩——尕苍见(组)火山岩,该套火山岩以内部变形微弱而明显有别于东巧蛇绿岩带,其地球化学特点反映具有岛弧性质,并具有初期为拉斑玄武质-钙碱性岩浆喷发,尔后以钙碱性火山活动为主,至晚期岛弧演化成熟,发生岛弧橄榄安粗质火山喷发活动,并伴有富Nb岛弧玄武岩产出。证明在班怒小洋盆内晚期也曾存在向北的俯冲作用。这一发现对完整重溯班—怒带构造演化和构建青藏高原大地构造格局具有重要意义。 相似文献
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I.V. Gordienko A.N. Bulgatov S.V. Ruzhentsev O.R. Minina V.S. Klimuk L.I. Vetluzhskikh G.E. Nekrasov N.I. Lastochkin V.S. Sitnikova D.V. Metelkin T.A. Goneger E.N. Lepekhina 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2010,51(5):461-481
New structural, petrological, chemical, isotope, and paleomagnetic data have provided clues to the Late Riphean–Paleozoic history of the Uda–Vitim island arc system (UVIAS) in the Transbaikalian sector of the Paleoasian ocean, as part of the Transbaikalian zone of Paleozoids. The island arc system consists of three units corresponding to main evolution stages: (i) Upper Riphean (Late Baikalian), (ii) Vendian–Lower Paleozoic (Caledonian), and (iii) Middle–Upper Paleozoic (Hercynian). The earliest stage produced the base of the system composed of Late Riphean ophiolite (971–892 Ma, U-Pb) and volcanic (837–789 Ma, U-Pb) and sedimentary rocks (hemipelagic siliceous sediments and dolerite sills) which represent the Barguzin–Vitim oceanic basin and the Kelyana island arc. The main event of the second stage was the formation of the large UVIAS structure (over 150,000 km2) which comprised the Transbaikalian oceanic basin, the forearc and backarc basins, and the volcanic arc itself, and consisted of many volcanic-tectonic units exceeding 100 km2 in area (Eravna, Oldynda, Abaga, etc.). Lithology, stratigraphy, major–element compositions, and isotope ages of Vendian–Cambrian volcanic rocks and associated sediments indicate strong differentiation of calc-alkaline series and the origin of the island arc system upon oceanic crust, in a setting similar to that of the today’s Kuriles–Kamchatka island arc system. The Middle–Upper Paleozoic stage completed the long UVIAS history and left its imprint in sedimentary and volcanic rocks in superposed trough basins. The rocks were studied in terms of their biostratigraphic and isotope age constraints, as well as major- and trace-element compositions, and were interpreted as products of weathering and tectonic-magmatic rework of the UVIAS units. 相似文献
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早奥陶世和早志留世是北祁连加里东造山带构造演化和盆地转变的关键时期。在造山带东段景泰地区,下奥陶统阴沟组和下志留统肮脏沟组两套砂岩的微量元素和稀土元素特征显示,阴沟组杂砂岩样品（Cj1和Cj3）具有最小的Eu/Eu*及最大的Th/Sc和REE,肮脏沟组杂砂岩具有较小的Eu/Eu*和较大的Th/Sc及REE;阴沟组岩屑砂岩样品（Cj13、Cj15和Cj18）具有最大的Eu/Eu*及最小的Th/Sc、REE和La/Yb。多个物源、构造背景判别图解和多元素蛛网图分析表明,阴沟组杂砂岩样品具大陆边缘的构造背景,主要物源为大陆上地壳再旋回沉积物和长英质岩石;岩屑砂岩样品为岛弧构造背景,以中基性安山质岩石为主要物源,可能受陆源物质的微弱影响。肮脏沟组杂砂岩构造背景复杂,表现出大陆岛弧、活动陆缘和被动陆缘三种环境共存的特点,受中基性火山弧物质、长英质岩石和再旋回沉积岩的混合物源的影响。两套砂岩的元素特征表明二者可能具有相似的源区。阴沟组杂砂岩源区可能为阿拉善地块南缘海原群变沉积岩或其他相似的陆源再旋回沉积物,砂岩碎屑以来自初始火山弧物质为主,以石灰沟岛弧型中基性火山岩作为其源岩最合适。阴沟组形成于初始弧后盆地环境,是岛弧活动的直接记录。肮脏沟组可能的源岩为阿拉善地块南缘海原群变沉积岩和中高等成熟度的石灰沟岛弧型火山岩及海原群岛弧型变火山岩,沉积于弧后前陆盆地,对构造环境的反映存在滞后性。 相似文献
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西南三江造山带火山岩—构造组合及其意义 总被引：67，自引：0，他引：67
岩石构造组合是指表示板块边界或特定的板块内部环境特征的岩石结合。中国西南“三江”造山带的火山岩可划分为五种火山岩－构造组合：洋脊型／准洋脊型组合，岛弧及陆缘弧组合，碰撞型组合，碰撞后组合及陆内拉张型组合。阐述了各种火山岩－构造组合的特点及构造含义。对在造山带火山岩岩石－构造组合分析中经常遇到的一些问题，如“构造岩片”研究方法、地球化学判别图解的使用条件、准洋脊型火山型组合的构造含义、蛇绿岩带－火山弧的成对性、岩浆作用的同步性和滞后性、以及火山岩的深部“探针”作用等问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
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西秦岭天水地区李子园群变质火山岩的地球化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：16，自引：3，他引：16
西秦岭天水地区的早古生代李子园群为一套中浅变质的沉积-火山岩系。沉积岩系主要由变质碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩组成,火山岩系主要由变玄武岩、变玄武安山岩和变安山岩组成,包括岛弧型火山岩和玻安岩。岛弧型火山岩SiO2含量介于48.79%~54.64%之间,TiO2含量较低(0.29%~0.88%);稀土元素分布型式呈LREE略富集型,富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)Cs、Sr、Th、U,相对亏损Rb、K和高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、P、Sm、Ti和Y,具Nb负异常,类似于低钾岛弧拉斑玄武岩和钙碱性玄武岩特征。玻安岩具有中等的SiO2含量(53.59%~59.28%),低的TiO2含量(0.24%~0.48%);相对中等的MgO含量(4.90%~4.96%)、较低的CaO/Al2O3比值(0.39~0.54)和较高的Mg#值(0.54~0.58)、Al2O3/TiO2比值(33.88~64.29);同时具有较低的Ti/Zr比值(15~83)、V/Zr比值(2.18~8.35)和较高的Zr/Y比值(3.82~12.08),相对富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),特别是Rb、Ba、Th,而亏损高场强元素(HFSE),如Nb、Ta、P、Ti、Y、Yb,显示为亏损MREE的U型稀土元素分布型式。岛弧型火山岩和玻安岩的存在表明,李子园群及其中的中基性火山岩系形成于俯冲带之上的岛弧或弧前环境。 相似文献
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南秦岭勉略构造混杂岩带是由太古宙-石炭纪不同时代的构造岩片组成的非史密斯地层区。其中,泥盆纪发育裂谷火山岩,石炭纪发育蛇绿岩、岛弧和洋壳火山岩及放射虫硅质岩。泥盆纪-石炭纪的火山岩、硅质岩常量元素、微量元素、Ce异常、稀土元素总量和轻/重稀土元素分异特征及其配分型式反映出当时勉略洋为一开放洋盆。区域地质资料分析表明,勉略洋是在早古生代后期勉略裂陷槽的基础上进一步发育而成的。该洋盆于石炭纪俯冲萎缩,在三叠纪后期最终关闭和碰撞造山。 相似文献
17.
北祁连中段加里东俯冲－增生杂岩/火山弧带及其变形特征 总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20
分布于北祁连造山带中段的加里东期俯冲－增生杂岩／火山弧带可划分为托莱山俯冲杂岩带和走廊南山增生杂岩／火山弧带两个亚带。前者主要由蛇绿岩、蛇绿混杂岩及深海复理石组成，为古祁连洋俯冲作用后期由于岛弧的阻力在浅部刨铲作用的产物；后者由不完整的蛇绿岩透镜体、高压变质岩、弧火山岩及一些变质碎屑岩等组成，反映古祁连洋不断向北俯冲，火山弧前锋南移，增生杂岩不断增厚且在其下部发生板底垫托作用以及海沟不断向南倒退的复杂演化历史。俯冲－增生杂岩在加里东期共经历三期变形作用（Ｄ＿１、Ｄ＿２、Ｄ＿３）。Ｄ＿１、Ｄ＿２为简单剪切变形机制，反映从Ｎ向Ｓ的逆冲方向。Ｄ＿３为压扁型变形机制，代表走廊南山古岛弧与中祁连地块碰撞时的挤压变形。 相似文献
18.
全球幔源岩Pb-Sr-Nd同位素体系 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据各种同位素数据库得到的3万多个晚古生代以来的幔源岩(包括洋中脊玄武岩、洋岛玄武岩、岛弧火山岩、大陆与大洋溢流玄武岩以及大陆板内玄武岩)Pb-Sr-Nd同位素资料和图解分析,对各类火山岩的源区以及地幔的垂向与横向不均一性问题作了进一步讨论。笔者认为不存在具有公共性质的EM1、EM2和HIMU地幔端员,它们的源区可能来自上、下地幔过渡带,只在局部地区出现,独一无二。PREMA(FOZO)则是洋岛玄武岩和溢流玄武岩公共端员。DUAPAL异常现象不只是在洋中脊玄武岩中出现,在洋岛玄武岩、岛弧火山岩和大洋溢流玄武岩中也存在同步的地球化学分区现象。溢流玄武岩的同位素体系特征表明它们的源区涉及再循环地幔的壳幔混合、岩石圈减压熔融、上—下地幔过渡带和似原始-略亏损的下地幔。Pb同位素体系为鉴别俯冲带的存在提供了更严格的证据,这种鉴别表明,安第斯弧火山作用不是洋陆俯冲带产生的。 相似文献
19.
北祁连山早古生代洋脊—洋岛和弧后盆地火山作用 总被引：50，自引：0，他引：50
北祁连山系内,分布着一套类型十分齐全的新元古代－早古生代海相火山岩系。它包括有大陆裂谷火山岩、洋脊－洋岛火山岩、岛弧火山岩、弧后盆地火山岩和陆缘被动裂谷火山岩。本文重点介绍北祁连山早古生代洋脊－洋岛火山岩和弧后盆地火山岩的岩石地球化学特点,并从地幔动力学角度探讨它们的岩石成因。这无疑对于深入了解地质历史古老增生板块边缘的火山作用有重要意义。 相似文献