共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 170 毫秒
1.
西藏罗布莎蛇绿岩中不同产出的纯橄岩及成因探讨 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
罗布莎蛇绿岩中的纯橄岩有三种产出情况,除了与豆荚状铬铁矿伴生的薄壳状纯橄岩外,还有产在方辉橄榄岩底部被认为是堆晶岩的厚层状纯橄岩和方辉橄榄岩中的透镜状纯橄岩。厚层状纯橄岩约700～1000m厚,以橄榄石富镁(Fo93～95),单斜辉石低铝富镁(Al2O30.47%～0.85%,Mg#95～97),铬尖晶石高铬低镁(Cr#值平均77,Mg#平均51)为特征。该纯橄岩中的浸染状铬铁矿也是高铬低镁型,但Mg#值(平均59)高于厚层状纯橄岩的副矿物铬尖晶石。薄壳状纯橄岩与厚层状纯橄岩成分相近,其橄榄石Fo92～94,单斜辉石Al2O3<1%和Mg#95～97;铬尖晶石的Cr#值平均71,Mg#值平均52。与薄壳状纯橄岩伴生的块状铬铁矿为高镁高铬型,但Mg#值(平均68)相对更高些,Cr#值平均79。透镜状纯橄岩的特征是橄榄石Fo(91～92)和铬尖晶石Cr#(60左右)均低于前两类纯橄岩,但单斜辉石的Al2O3(1.41%～1.71%)则高于前两者。透镜状纯橄岩的矿物成分与方辉橄榄岩重叠,两者为渐变过渡关系。研究对比表明,罗布莎厚层状纯橄岩不同于经典的蛇绿岩的超镁铁质堆晶岩,认为将其成因解释为拉斑玄武质熔体与地幔橄榄岩的反应较为合理。透镜状纯橄岩与方辉橄榄岩存在成生联系,可能是地幔橄榄岩高度部分熔融的产物,或熔体和方辉橄榄岩在原位发生反应的产物;薄壳状纯橄岩成因与厚层状纯橄岩相同,但与其相伴的块状铬铁矿是否由拉斑玄武质熔体与方辉橄榄岩反应形成,值得商榷。 相似文献
2.
西昆仑库地蛇绿岩发育小规模的铬铁矿床,矿体呈豆荚状和层状、似层状,均与纯橄岩紧密伴生。这些纯橄岩主要由橄榄石和副矿物尖晶石组成,与方辉橄榄岩相比,橄榄岩中的橄榄石粒径粗(平均2.5mm),Mg#(88~90)低,这与它们全岩低Mg#(90)值,富Al_2O_3、TiO_2、Cr_2O_3、Fe_2O_3相吻合,与熔融残余成因的纯橄岩明显不同,反映了其很可能是由熔体与方辉橄榄岩反应而成。矿体主要由块状、浸染状及脉状铬铁矿石组成;铬铁矿石中的尖晶石具有低而相对稳定的Cr#(43~56),低于富铬型铬铁矿矿床中的铬铁矿(Cr#60)。块状矿石与纯橄岩呈突变接触,矿石中的尖晶石呈浑圆状,包裹有较多橄榄石、辉石等硅酸盐矿物及角闪石等含水硅酸盐矿物;浸染状铬铁矿石中的尖晶石与橄榄石颗粒构成交织结构,或呈云朵状,沿橄榄石颗粒边界相互连接,矿石的结构构造显示了熔/岩反应成因特征。通过计算分析,我们认为该区富铝型铬铁矿石是由拉斑玄武质熔体与地幔橄榄岩反应而成,由于熔体中含有较高的H_2O,参与反应的熔体可能源于弧后扩张脊环境。 相似文献
3.
丁青蛇绿岩体位于班公湖—怒江缝合带东段,该缝合带与雅鲁藏布江缝合带并列,是寻找我国铬铁矿床的重要地区。该蛇绿岩体呈近南东向展布,总面积近600 km2,主要由地幔橄榄岩、辉石岩、辉长岩、辉绿岩、玄武岩、斜长花岗岩、硅质岩和泥质岩组成。根据空间分布,丁青蛇绿岩分为东、西两个岩体。在前人工作基础上,通过地质填图、实测剖面、探槽和钻孔编录,共发现豆荚状铬铁矿矿点83处,其中东岩体27处,西岩体56处。根据铬铁矿产出和围岩特征,丁青铬铁矿可分为4种产出类型。类型I:矿体呈脉状产出,围岩为条带状或透镜状纯橄榄岩和块状方辉橄榄岩;类型II:矿体呈透镜状、豆荚状或不规则团块状产出,围岩为薄壳状纯橄榄岩和斑杂状或块状方辉橄榄岩;类型III:矿体呈浸染状弥散分布于纯橄榄岩中,围岩为条带状纯橄榄岩和块状或斑杂状方辉橄榄岩;类型IV:矿体呈条带状产出,围岩为条带状或透镜状纯橄榄岩和具定向结构的方辉橄榄岩。根据矿石构造特征,主要分为块状、脉状、浸染状、浸染条带状4种类型。块状和脉状铬铁矿为矿石的主要类型,少量为浸染状和浸染条带状,局部纯橄榄岩中发育极少量瘤状或豆状构造。本研究选择了13处代表性铬铁矿点开展了详细的岩石学、矿相学、矿物学和矿物化学等工作。根据矿石中铬尖晶石的矿物化学特征,可将丁青铬铁矿矿体分为高铬(Cr#=78～86)、中高铬(Cr#=60～74)、中铬(Cr#2=30～51)和低铬(Cr#=9～14)4种类型(Cr#=100×Cr/(Cr+Al))。丁青东岩体赋存有中高铬型和中铬型铬铁矿,缺少高铬型铬铁矿;西岩体赋存有高铬型和中铬型铬铁矿,缺少中高铬型铬铁矿。同时在丁青东、西岩体内均发现存在一种Cr#极低的铬铁矿,暂定为"低铬型铬铁矿"。这些不同类型的铬铁矿体与野外产出有一定的对应关系,也可能后者制约了它们的成因。与罗布莎岩体中的典型高铬型铬铁矿对比,丁青豆荚状铬铁矿在矿物组合和矿物化学成分等方面具有许多相似性,认为存在较大的找矿空间。 相似文献
4.
5.
土耳其埃斯基谢希尔(Eski爧ehir)铬铁矿位于土耳其安纳托利亚高原中西部基性-超基性杂岩体中,是典型的阿尔卑斯型铬铁矿。该地区是土耳其重要的铬铁矿成矿区。通过对该铬铁矿矿床特征的研究,总结了土耳其阿尔卑斯型铬铁矿床的矿床地质特征。土耳其埃斯基谢希尔铬铁矿产于以辉橄岩、方辉橄榄岩为主要岩相的基性-超基性杂岩体内,矿体与围岩界线清晰,矿体大多呈豆荚状、囊状、脉状、透镜体状。矿石主要为致密块状和稠密浸染状,主要矿石矿物为镁铬铁矿、铁镁铬铁矿,矿石品位富,铬铁比高,为富矿矿石。 相似文献
6.
依拉山蛇绿岩位于班公湖-怒江缝合带中部,主要由蚀变较强的方辉橄榄岩和纯橄岩及豆荚状铬铁岩组成。铬铁矿矿体集中分布在依拉山岩体北部,围岩以纯橄岩为主,少量为方辉橄榄岩。铬铁岩中铬尖晶石的电子探针分析结果表明Cr~#值为64.2～73.9,Mg~#值为46.9～71.6,TiO_2为0.03%～0.31%,Al_2O_3为4.5%～18.7%,指示依拉山铬铁矿为高铬型铬铁矿。方辉橄榄岩的稀土元素及微量元素配分模式指示其具有深海地幔橄榄岩的特征,铬铁矿的铂族元素具有IPGE富集而PPGE亏损的特点,呈现出右倾的配分模式,且Pd/Ir与Pt/Pt~*之间不存在明确的相关性,反映出依拉山岩体经历了岩石-熔体反应的演化过程。结合其他岩体内铬铁矿的对比研究,提出依拉山铬铁矿可能是在俯冲带环境下,由玻安质熔体与岩石反应形成,并经历了多阶段的演化过程,即早期的洋中脊(MORB)环境以及后期的俯冲带(SSZ)的改造。 相似文献
7.
西藏罗布莎不同类型铬铁矿的特征及成因模式讨论 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩中产出的豆荚状铬铁矿是铬的主要来源。已有的研究表明,豆荚状铬铁矿形成于洋中脊或俯冲带的浅部地幔环境。但随着近些年在豆荚状铬铁矿及围岩地幔橄榄岩中不断发现金刚石等深部矿物,人们也开始质疑豆荚状铬铁矿的浅部成因理论。本文系统研究了西藏雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩带东段的罗布莎豆荚状铬铁矿床,识别出两类铬铁矿,一类以方辉橄榄岩为围岩的致密块状铬铁矿(Cr1#),另一类是以纯橄岩壳为围岩的浸染状铬铁矿(Cr2#)。两类铬铁矿在铬尖晶石的矿物化学成分、PGE和Re-Os同位素特征上存在较大差别,属不同演化过程的结果。地幔橄榄岩的地球化学特征指示罗布莎橄榄岩中存在由低铬且轻稀土亏损和高铬且轻稀土富集的两类方辉橄榄岩。在此基础上,提出豆荚状铬铁矿为多阶段形成的新认识,经历了早期俯冲至地幔过渡带(410~660km)的陆壳和洋壳物质被脱水和肢解,过渡带产生的热和流体促成了地幔的熔融和Cr的释放和汇聚;铬铁矿浆在地幔柱/地幔对流驱动下,运移至过渡带顶部冷凝固结,并有强还原性的流体进入,后者携带了深部形成的金刚石、斯石英等高压矿物,并进入"塑性-半塑性地幔橄榄岩"中;随着物质向上移动,深度降低,早期超高压相矿物发生相变,如斯石英转变成柯石英,高压相的铬铁矿中出溶成柯石英和单斜辉石;在侵位过程和俯冲带环境,含水熔体与方辉橄榄岩反应形成了不含超高压矿物的规模相对较小的浸染状铬铁矿(Cr2#)及纯橄岩壳。 相似文献
8.
北秦岭松树沟橄榄岩与铬铁矿矿床的成因关系 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
松树沟橄榄岩体是秦岭造山带中规模最大的赋存铬铁矿床的超基性岩体。松树沟橄榄岩主要由细粒橄榄岩质糜棱岩和中粗粒橄榄岩组成。本文通过对松树沟橄榄岩的岩相学、主微量、稀土元素地球化学的系统研究,认为松树沟细粒方辉橄榄岩为洋脊扩张过程中地幔岩减压-近分离熔融产生的残留体,细粒纯橄岩主要由地幔橄榄岩熔融残留橄榄石、消耗辉石的减压熔融反应:aCpx+bOpx+cSpl=dOl+1Melt生成的橄榄石和少量的地幔方辉橄榄岩残留体组成,但均受到了后期渗滤熔体的再富集作用;中粗粒纯橄岩和方辉橄榄岩主要为上述反应产生的渗滤熔体被圈闭在迁移通道或减压扩容带内在热边界层(TBL)通过反应:MeltA=Ol+MeltB冷凝结晶而成,属堆晶橄榄岩。Pb-Sr-Nd同位素地球化学的证据显示,松树沟橄榄岩与基性岩具有共同的地幔源区,二者同为松树沟蛇绿岩的重要组成部分。通过矿床地质特征及铬铁矿电子探针测试研究,认为松树沟铬铁矿床是产于中粗粒堆晶纯橄岩中的层状铬铁矿床,形成于格林威尔期松树沟洋盆的扩张过程中,是中粗粒纯橄岩在热边界层(TBL)的冷凝结晶过程中岩浆分异作用的产物。 相似文献
9.
达机翁蛇绿岩位于雅鲁藏布江缝合带的西段北亚带,该蛇绿岩主要由地幔橄榄岩、玄武岩以及硅质岩组成,其中地幔橄榄岩以方辉橄榄岩为主,同时含有少量的纯橄榄岩,纯橄岩主要呈不规则透镜状或团块状分布于方辉橄榄岩中。在达机翁地幔橄榄岩中产出有3种不同类型的铬铁矿,分别为块状,豆状以及浸染状铬铁矿。文章主要对达机翁地幔橄榄岩的方辉橄榄岩及豆荚状铬铁矿进行了研究,结合岩石的主量元素和铂族元素,对地幔橄榄岩和豆荚状铬铁矿的成因以及雅鲁藏布江缝合带的找矿远景进行了探讨。达机翁地幔橄榄岩具有较高的Mg O含量以及较低的Al2O3和Ca O等含量,这种亏损的全岩成分指示了达机翁地幔橄榄岩经历了较高的部分熔融作用,同时方辉橄榄岩的PGEs的总量为23.68×10-9~31.02×10-9,高于原始地幔的值,Pd和Cu 2个元素的含量较为分散明显偏离部分熔融曲线,指示了达机翁方辉橄榄岩可能遭受了熔体的改造,在熔体-岩石反应的过程中,导致了富含PPGE的硫化物的加入。达机翁豆荚状铬铁矿为高Cr型铬铁矿,具有IPGE和Rh明显富集以及Pt,Pd明显亏损的特征,不同类型的铬铁矿之间具有一致的PGEs的分配模式。雅鲁藏布江缝合带内大量分布的超镁铁岩体在岩石组合、地球化学特征、成因以及形成时代等方面,均具有相似性,是中国铬铁矿找矿的有利远景区。 相似文献
10.
藏南罗布莎铬铁矿床铬尖晶石矿物学与矿床成因研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
西藏罗布莎铬铁矿床是我国目前研究程度最高、规模最大、地幔橄榄岩相对新鲜的豆荚状铬铁矿床,主要工业矿体产于蛇绿岩壳-幔边界(即岩石莫霍面)以下方辉橄榄岩相带一定层位中,主要有块状、浸染状和豆状等矿石类型。罗布莎铬尖晶石成分变化范围大,依据铬尖晶石的化学成分与矿物学研究至少可识别出3个期次铬尖晶石:(1)成矿前期铬尖晶石,主要以熔蚀残斑晶、出溶晶及少量自形晶形式产于方辉橄榄岩中,以富Al2O3为特征,Cr#值变化范围大(17.19~66.30),且大部分小于60,并与Mg#值呈负相关关系,由出溶晶,残斑晶到自形晶铬尖晶石,总体表现向富Cr、Fe的方向演变;(2)成矿主期铬尖晶石,可分为早、晚2个阶段。早阶段铬尖晶石主要以它形晶产于不同类型铬铁矿石中,部分呈自形-半自形晶产于铬铁矿体的纯橄岩外壳中,主要以富铬为特征,矿石中Cr#值变化范围小(70.08~87.03),均大于60,其中块状铬铁矿具有最高的Cr#和Mg#,由纯橄岩外壳中副矿物铬尖晶石向豆状、浸染状矿石以及块状矿石演变过程中,铬尖晶石化学成分总体向更富Cr、富Mg方向演变;晚阶段铬尖晶石:主要以自形-半自形晶产于具堆晶结构的纯橄岩相带中,成份上以更加富而贫Al2O3,且具有最低Mg#(18.79~44.77)值为特征;(3)成矿晚期铬尖晶石,主要以网状集合体产于豆状-网脉状(眼眉状)矿石中,以更贫Al、富Fe为特征,具有最高的Cr#值和低的Mg#值。综合研究表明,罗布莎铬铁矿中的铬主要来自原始地幔岩本身,且主要来自于地幔橄榄岩中2种辉石的不一致熔融和对副矿物铬尖晶石的改造,原始富铬矿物可能来自地幔深部的八面体硅酸盐矿物。罗布莎豆荚状铬铁矿的成矿作用具有多期次、多成因、多种构造背景下成矿特征,成矿作用过程经历了由大洋中脊(MOR)扩张环境向岛弧体系俯冲环境的转变过程,洋内俯冲带之上(SSZ)的弧间盆地环境是形成冶金级豆荚状铬铁矿的最为有利构造环境。研究提出了罗布莎铬铁矿的"三阶段"成矿模式,即,经历了大洋中脊预富集阶段,俯冲带之上主成矿阶段及之后的构造抬升改造阶段。纯橄岩与方辉橄榄岩接触带之下的方辉橄榄岩相带是寻找较大规模铬铁矿床的有利地带。 相似文献
11.
Kazuhito Ozawa 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1988,99(2):159-175
The ultramafic tectonite of the Miyamori ophiolitic complex is divided into two types, one bearing aluminous spinel (Cr/(Cr+Al)< 0.4) and the other, chromian spinel(Cr/(Cr + Al)<0.4) (denoted ASPP and CSPP respectively). ASPP consists mainly of harzburgite and lherzolite and occurs as isolated kilometric patches in CSPP, which can be subdivided into massive and layered types. Massive CSPP consists mainly of magnesian harzburgite and dunite, whereas layered CSPP commonly is stratified and consists of less magnesian harzburgite, dunite, wehrlite, lherzolite, websterite, and clinopyroxenite. The 2 km thick layered CSPP occurs within the massive CSPP, and their lithologies are transitional. The structural and lithologic features of CSPP and the chemical variations of its olivine and spinel suggest that the layered CSPP crystallized from segregated partial melt, leaving the massive CSPP as a strongly depleted residue. Hornblende is invariably present in both the ASPP and CSPP, whereas phlogopite ispresent only in CSPP. The hornblende in CSPP is distinctly richer in K2O (0.4–1.0 wt%) than that in ASPP(<0.1 wt%), but residual peridotite of CSPP is more depleted in major elements than that of ASPP. The low TiO2/K2O ratio of hornblende and the presence of TiO2 poor phlogopite suggest that partial melting, melt segregation, and crystallization to form CSPP took place in the upper mantle beneath an island arc. By contrast, ASPP could be the source material of CSPP which formed as slightly depleted residue beneath a back-arc basin. 相似文献
12.
Chromite-bearing peridotites of the Ordovician Miyamori ophiolitecomplex exhibit spatial mineralogical variations on scales rangingfrom several centimeters to a few kilometers. The largest variationscorrespond to the entire structure of the complex, which featuresa layered zone of interstratified harzburgite, wehrlite, andvarious pyroxenites sandwiched between zones of unlayered harzburgiteand dunite containing only minor pyroxenite bands. All zonesexhibit the same deformation microstructures, tabular equigranularto porphyroclastic textures, and strong mineral aggregate lineation.Harzburgite from the unlayered zones is characterized by olivinevalues of 100Mg/(Mg+Fe)=91–93.5 and chromite values of100Cr/(Cr+Al+Fe3+)=40–75. These variables exhibit a positivecorrelation, which is typical of harzburgites and lherzolitesfrom the basal units of ophiolites and from xenoliths in alkalibasalts and kimberlites. The harzburgite is therefore interpretedas a residue from partial melting in the mantle. By contrast,harzburgite in the interlayered zone features olivine valuesof 100Mg/(Mg+Fe)=88–92 and chromite values of 100Cr/(Cr+Al+Fe3+)=40–60,and in this case the variables tend to show a negative correlationin any given locality and they partly overlap data from theintercalated wehrlite and dunite. The harzburgite of the layeredzone is interpreted as residual mantle that reacted with evolvedmelts that then crystallized as wehrlite and dunite. The harzburgitein the unlayered zones is more refractory than that in the layeredzone, even after removing effects of reaction. This differencecan be explained either by enhanced partial melting and meltextraction in the unlayered zones, possibly owing to the preferentialintroduction of a waterrich fluid, or by melt segregation fromthe unlayered zones and transfer to the layered zone in responseto a piezometric pressure gradient and compaction of a solidresidual matrix. Mineralogical evidence suggests that evolvedmelts migrated through conduits formed in the layered zone byfracturing or diapirism. 相似文献
13.
14.
蛇绿岩型铬铁矿床包壳纯橄榄岩中的流体过程印记:来自西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带罗布莎和泽当岩体的地质学、岩石学和橄榄石晶体化学证据 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
岩浆型矿床一般认为是岩浆分异的产物,因为这类矿床通常缺乏强烈的近矿围岩蚀变。蛇绿岩中的豆荚状铬铁矿被认为是一种典型的岩浆型矿床,流行的成因模型包括岩浆通道模型和熔体-岩石反应模型。深部晶体群的大量发现,表明铬铁矿成矿系统不是一种理想系统,而是至少由两类子系统组成的复杂性动力系统。因此,流行模型不再适用,必须构建能够整合新证据的成因模型。这类矿床的典型地质特征是具有从方辉橄榄岩围岩经包壳纯橄榄岩到铬铁矿石的分带,且包壳纯橄榄岩与铬铁矿之间为渐变接触关系,包壳纯橄榄岩与方辉橄榄岩之间既可以为渐变接触关系,也可以为截然接触关系或侵入接触关系。因此,阐明纯橄榄岩的成因是理解豆荚状铬铁矿形成机制的关键。西藏雅鲁藏布江缝合带中罗布莎和泽当两个代表性超镁铁质杂岩体的新观察揭示:(1)包壳纯橄榄岩的出露宽度变化于厘米级到百米级,但岩石具有均匀的细粒结构,流行模型难以解释;(2)包壳纯橄榄岩可以划分为至少两种构造类型:块状纯橄榄岩和片理化纯橄榄岩,暗示了纯橄榄岩形成过程的多阶段特点;(3)包壳纯橄榄岩主要由变晶橄榄石组成,仅含有少量由熔体或流体析出的橄榄石晶体;(4)与方辉橄榄岩相比,包壳纯橄榄岩中的橄榄石具有高MgO、Cr2O3、CaO和低MnO、Al2O3的特点,展示了矛盾的晶体化学特征;(5)邻近铬铁矿体的纯橄榄岩中常见反豆状结构,类似于多相稀释流体流体制中紊流产生的中尺度结构。上述看似矛盾的证据表明包壳纯橄榄岩的形成过程有大量深部流体的参与,因而流体过程可以作为构建一个新的整合模型的基础。据此,文中提出一个熔体-流体流模型,其基本机制是溶解-沉淀反应Opx+Fluid→Ol±Sp±Cpx±Pl±SiO2(fluid),而基本前提则是深部还原流体的持续供给和熔体-流体流的快速上升。此外,文中还表明,依据火成岩地质学、岩石学和名义无水矿物晶体化学证据也可以再造岩浆系统的流体过程。 相似文献
15.
阿尔巴尼亚布尔其泽纯橄岩壳非常新鲜,主要由橄榄石、尖晶石和单斜辉石等矿物组成.其中橄榄石存在单斜辉石和铬尖晶石（磁铁矿）共生包裹体现象,包裹体矿物粒度在1~10 μm,有些甚至为纳米级200~500 nm.纯橄岩橄榄石的Fo值为94.7~96.0,铬尖晶石的Cr#为76.5~82.4,远高于蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩中常见纯橄岩的铬值（Cr#>60）.基于前人研究结果,提出这种现象是由于亏损方辉橄榄岩与含钛、铬、铁熔体发生交代作用,从而形成橄榄石的固溶体并存在Ti4+、Al3+、Ca2+、Fe3+,而部分Cr3+进入铬尖晶石结晶.后期由于岩体在抬升过程中降温,橄榄石中混溶的组分析出包裹体形成磁铁矿和铬尖晶石.并且依据铬尖晶石-橄榄石的矿物化学成分,识别出岩体内方辉橄榄岩相对较低的部分熔融程度约为30%~40%,纯橄岩部分熔融程度约为40%,表明不同岩相间其形成背景存在明显差异.因此,认为布尔奇泽蛇绿岩具有多阶段的过程,首先是在洋中脊环境下经历部分熔融作用形成了方辉橄榄岩,后受到俯冲环境（SSZ）的岩石-熔体反应生成更富Mg、Si和Cr等的熔体,致使地幔橄榄岩高度部分熔融,形成此类纯橄岩. 相似文献
16.
V. A. Stepanov L. I. Rogulina A. V. Melnikov D. V. Yusupov 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2007,49(7):619-623
The Dambuki ore cluster of the Upper Amur region is characterized by numerous and high-grade gold placers. A few small primary deposits and occurrences of gold-quartz type were formerly considered to be the main source of placers. However, the study of widespread Early Cretaceous Cu- and Ni-bearing ultramafic intrusions has shown that gold occurring in primary Cu-Ni ores and products of their weathering practically does not differ from placer gold in morphology, fineness, or geochemical features. In both cases, elements typical of Cu-Ni ore (Cu, Fe, Pd, Ni, etc.) are detected as impurities of gold particles. These data indicate that the Au-and Pt-bearing Cu-Ni ore mineralization may be the main source of placer gold. This ore mineralization is genetically related to small pyroxenite-cortlandite sills and dikes, abundant in the Dambuki ore cluster. The primary gold-quartz deposits and occurrences also contributed to the placers, but their part was rather small. 相似文献
17.
18.
Robert John Chapman James Keith Mortensen William P. LeBarge 《Mineralium Deposita》2011,46(8):881-903
Between 1978 and 2009, approximately 430,000 oz of placer gold were obtained from the Indian River and Black Hills Creek,
which equates to roughly 20% of the production for the entire Yukon Territory during that period. The area is unglaciated,
exposure is poor, and there are few known lode gold occurrences present. The technique of microchemical characterization of
placer gold grains has been applied to illuminate the style(s) of source mineralization and their relationship to placer gold
from the Klondike gold district immediately to the north. A total of 2,613 placer gold grains from 22 localities were characterised
in terms of the Au, Ag, Cu, and Hg content of their alloy and associated suite of opaque mineral inclusions. A combination
of alloy and inclusion mineralogy was used to define gold signatures which augmented the previous classification of orogenic
gold in the Klondike. Gold type 3b (8–25% Ag) is the main component of the placers in lower Dominion Creek but is augmented
and eventually replaced by type 3a gold (10–40% Ag) in placers in the main Indian River valley, probably through erosion of
gold-bearing veins in the valley floor. Type 4 gold exhibits highly variable Ag which may contain Hg to a maximum of 11 wt.%.
This gold type also hosts a distinctive inclusion assemblage of complex polymetallic sulphides, tellurides, sulfotellurides,
and sulfosalts and has previously been ascribed to local low sulfidation epithermal mineralization. Placer gold in drainages
radiating from Eureka Dome exhibits various proportions of types 3 and 4 gold depending on location, but type 3 gold forms
the major component in Black Hills Creek and northerly flowing tributaries of the Indian River with the exception of Eureka
and Montana creeks. Type 5 gold is found only in placers in the middle and lower Indian River. It is distinguished by slightly
elevated (0.05–0.17%) Cu in the gold alloy, together with low (5–9%) Ag contents. Inclusions of Bi minerals, Cr-bearing magnetite
and molybdenite within type 5 gold suggest derivation from an intrusion-related source. Candidates for such a source include
undiscovered lode occurrences associated with Cretaceous age intrusions to the south of the Indian River, or deformed Cu-Au
(−Mo) porphyry occurrences which are known to be present in the same area. This analysis of placer gold has indicated that
the contribution of low sulfidation epithermal gold from Eureka Creek to the larger placers of the Indian River is minor.
Consequently, the placer gold inventory of the Indian River is primarily orogenic in origin. Similarly, the characterization
of placer gold in Blackhills Creek strongly suggests an orogenic source. This study has demonstrated for the first time that
orogenic lode gold mineralization extends a considerable distance to the south of the southern Klondike goldfield. This information
contributes to the regional models of gold mineralization in an area which is currently the focus of intensive exploration. 相似文献
19.
论述了辽东地区砂金矿控矿因素,揭示了砂金矿矿规律,并指出了在具备物源,气候,水动力,地貌,等条件下,形成一个有工业意义的砂金矿床,对其含金层必须要有一定适宜的封存条件。 相似文献