共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Jung Hoon Han 《The Australian geographer》2017,48(2):255-272
This paper takes a new approach to investigating people who age in place. It provides an explanation for why people age in a place that can be useful in government and corporate planning. Our research investigates the principal factors that drive the decision of a rising number of older Australians to age in place. Many older people wish to age in place rather than move in with their children or be institutionalised. They wish to continue to be active in their local communities and maintain their existing social ties. The concept of ageing in place covers two distinct groups: those who are able to stay in their current dwellings and age in home and those who move house but remain in their local community and age in neighbourhood. Age-friendly home modification is a response to ageing in home, whereas the provision of institutional healthcare and the provision of age-suitable housing to facilitate downsizing are associated with ageing in neighbourhood. Using Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey data, this research examines the mobility decisions of older Australians and identifies the major determinants of a decision to age in place. This research argues for a better understanding of ageing in place, differentiating between those ageing in home and those ageing in neighbourhood. 相似文献
2.
Bue Nielsen Peder Michael Sørensen M.Sc. 《Geografisk tidskrift / udgivet af Bestyrelsen for Det Kongelige danske geografiske selskab》2013,113(1):69-73
Nielsen, Bue and Sørensen, Peder Michael: Changes in regional employment in Denmark in the seventies. Geografisk Tidsskrift 84, 69–73. Copenhagen, January 1984. The paper deals with regional development in employment in Denmark in the 1970's. It uses shift-share analysis to isolate elements and activities responsible for the regional dispersion experienced. In that context the paper discusses the interrelationship between manufacturing industries and public services. 相似文献
3.
中国沙漠化研究的进展 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10
中国沙质、砾质荒漠和沙漠化土地的面积达149万km2, 占国土面积15%。1959年中国科学院治沙队成立到今天的沙漠所, 经历了卅个春秋。沙漠科学的研究也从空白发展成一个新学科的成长过程。为我国沙漠科学积累了丰富的资料, 培养了一支有着丰富经验又有一定理论水平的科技队伍。具有独立解决经济建设中提出的沙漠及沙漠化治理问题的能力, 并为全球沙漠化研究工作和治理实践, 作出应有的贡献。1988年6月5日世界环境日时, 联合国环境规划署授予中国科学院兰州沙漠研究所为全球先进单位称誉。我国沙漠科学研究的发展过程, 可归纳为四个阶段: 1959-1965年, 查明沙漠情况, 探索沙漠治理方法阶段。对我国主要沙漠和沙漠化土地进行综合考察究沙区自然条件与资源, 沙丘特征与风沙运动规律。1966-1977年, 以沙害治理为中心, 根据国民经济建设需要, 开展专题研究阶段。如沙区铁路修建的有关问题和沙区水土资源开发利用和开发后自然条件的变化等。1978-1983年, 以土地沙漠化问题为中心开展综合研究。干旱、半干旱地带土地沙漠化现状、发生发展过程, 变化趋势与预测, 整治措施等。1984年以后, 主要是加强对土地沙漠化变化趋势与预测, 以及整治措施的研究, 积极开展国际学术交流, 走向世界。1)建设不同自然地带沙漠化(风沙化)治理研究示范基地系统网络。2)开展半湿润、湿润地带风沙化问题的研究。3功口强对沙漠化监测和预则工作。4)在国际学术活动方面。从举办沙漠化学术讨论会、培训班、合作研究, 进而派遣专家组帮助发展中国家从事沙漠化治理研究工作。并与前述工作相适应, 出版了一系列研究成果和图件。总之, 我国沙漠研究是以干旱地带沙质荒漠的自然条件综合研究, 逐渐发展到半干旱、半湿润地带生态环境中沙漠化与风沙化问题的研究。为我国国土整治中风沙治理提供防治途径和措施。今后的研究工作, 应着重在强烈发展和严重沙漠化地区研究整治措施。建立不同自然地带整治沙漠化土地模式。达到环境健全发展和合理生态系统管理。对潜在和正在发展中的沙漠化土地发展趋势。加强监测和预测。进而提出预防措施。总结沙漠化治理经验和教训, 编著教材培训科技力量。 相似文献
4.
福建九龙江口红树林造林遇到的问题 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
中国的红树林在过去50年里面积锐减了近70%,恢复和发展红树林迫在眉睫,红树林人工造林是必由之路。福建九龙江口湿地资源丰富,然而在红树林造林上却遇到了一些问题,这些问题阻碍了九龙江口红树林的恢复和发展,应该引起相关部门的关注。 相似文献
5.
中国时空间行为研究进展 总被引：11，自引：4，他引：7
自时间地理学和活动分析法引入中国以来的近20年间,时空间行为研究已经成为中国城市地理学的重要领域。中国时空间行为研究关注城市空间重构的描述与解释,试图从行为角度解释中国城市社会转型,强调转型期中国城市空间与居民个体行为之间的互动关系,重视日常生活、生活质量、社会公正、低碳社会、智慧城市等热点问题,探索在城市交通、旅游和城市规划等领域中的实践应用。中国时空间行为研究已经形成了以解读城市转型为目标、以规划应用为导向的鲜明特点,为理解中国城市制度与空间转型背景下人类行为模式的复杂性和多样性提供了一个全新的视角。但是,中国时空间行为研究依然面临着理论发展滞后、实践应用需要突破等挑战。本文是对时空行为研究近年来发展的综述性文章,从数据采集与分析方法演进、实证研究与规划应用进展等方面回顾了近20年来中国城市时空间行为研究的最新进展,致力于推动不同学科领域之间的交流和时空间行为研究自身的发展。 相似文献
6.
Hosna J. Shewly 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2017,38(1):108-122
Drawing on conceptualization of statelessness and ethnographic research on crucial insights of rightessness, this paper investigates how the politico‐geographic‐legality constructs statelessness in the enclaves in India and Bangladesh. Following the decolonization process in 1947, both India and Pakistan/Bangladesh inherited more than 200 enclaves, which comprise 80 per cent of the world's enclaves. With improved bilateral relations, India and Bangladesh officially exchanged the enclaves on 1 August 2015, and the enclave dwellers will gradually be granted citizenship rights over the next few years. In this period of transition from statelessness to statehood, this paper can be read as contemporary history. This paper will draw attention to three aspects of statelessness. First, conceptualization of statelessness not only applies to the refugeehood or de‐territorialization of people but also relates to the process of constructing transterritorial stateless people. Second, this paper will discuss the condition of statelessness constructed in a politico‐geographic‐legal trap. And finally, the paper calls for a wider empirical and critical focus on the hidden geographies of de facto statelessness. 相似文献
7.
我国生物地理学研究进展 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
生物地理学研究是生物学和地理学交叉非常明显的部门自然地理学学科,它具有很强的基础研究特点,同时研究成果也具有很大的应用潜力。近年来,我国生物地理学基础研究在国家自然科学基金委等部门的支持下,在山地植被与地理环境、干旱半干旱区植被与地理环境、植物区系、植物物候、土壤动物与土壤生态功能、土壤生物结皮等方面开展了全面而深入的研究。同时拓展了传统生物地理学的研究方向,在植物地理学与全球变化、植物地理学与生物多样性保护、植物地理学与生态系统管理等方面也开展了大量研究。尤为可贵的是干旱半干旱区土壤生物结皮研究、典型温带荒漠区原生荒漠植被对水分改变的响应与适应研究取得了令国内外关注的高水平研究成果。 相似文献
8.
The spatial distribution patterns of climatic changes in Yakutia are considered. For 26 meteorological stations of Yakutia we calculated the linear trend coefficients of climatic characteristics: air temperature (mean annual, January and July temperatures) and the mean annual amount of atmospheric precipitation from 1966 to 2016. Maps of climate change trends were compiled from linear trend coefficients. A spatial analysis of the zonal (regional) peculiarities of the climate of Yakutia has been carried out. An increase in air temperature was established for the 50-year period under consideration. It was found that the annual values of the air temperature trend are positive and, on average, a characteristic trend change interval is 0.3 to 0.6 °C/10 yr. Most of the meteorological stations recorded trends of air temperature with maximum values in winter and minimum values in summer. It was determined that the values of the trends in annual precipitation show different directions, and positive trends occur on more than 70% of the territory of Yakutia. Their maximum corresponds to the mountain-taiga regions of Southern Yakutia. Negative trends in precipitation with values of up to–15 mm/10 yr. are observed in tundra landscapes. The findings show that different regions of Yakutia respond differently to climate change. The trend of an increase in mean annual temperature is largely due to the rise in temperatures during the winter months. The rise in air temperature in Yakutia may be part of global warming. Over the last 50 years there has been an increase in the amount of precipitation in Yakutia as a whole. 相似文献
9.
1IntroductionMany natural phenomena such as zigzag coastline, various landforms, turbulent rivers, etc. cannot be described with traditional Euclid geometry, but they are of self-similarities. Fractal geometry takes the complex phenomena as its research objects and has been developed into a specific theory. So it has been praised as natural geometry. What is fractal means "irregular, fractional, fragmental" and its core is self-similarity (Wang and Cao, 1995). To characterize fractals differ… 相似文献
10.
11.
The fractal theory put forward by American mathematician B B Mandelbrot (1967) supplies an effective approach to solve complex
problems. The complex problems in geography have become the main positive study field of fractal theory. Based on the works
of China’s geographers and the summarization of contents of fractal theory, the authors comment on the present situation of
its applications to almost every branch of geography and discuss the related problems and the prospects of fractal study in
geography. 相似文献
12.
中国外商旅游饭店业投资的空间动态差异与驱动要素解析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
旅游饭店作为中国旅游业对外开放的最前沿,一直以来是外商资本配置、汇集和流动较为活跃的领域。外商资本的进入将中国旅游业联接到世界金融体系的同时,随着中国对外开放的深入,其吸引外资的环境也发生了巨大变化,必然导致外商资本在华投资空间格局的演变。研究对1991-2014年中国31省域外商旅游饭店业投资及社会经济面板数据进行分析,发现期间外商投资的空间差异呈整体缩小趋势,并随经济、人口和消费格局演化,其标准椭圆重心向北偏移,且在不同尺度上受对外政策、经济差异、资源条件等要素作用范围影响,空间差异的形成机制与过程差异明显。继而,引入管理学“钻石模型”构建了解释引起这一差异的评价体系,定量化分析了省域旅游饭店业产业环境与市场条件对外商资本空间流动方向、规模和效益所发挥的主导作用。最后,结合当前“一带一路”与“走出去”的战略需求,总结了外商在华旅游饭店业投资空间差异对全球化背景下中国引导外资进入和开展海外旅游投资的启示,并就复杂科学发展背景下旅游地理学发展进行了讨论。 相似文献
13.
There are a number of serious problems connected with building and repairing water-retaining elements in embankment dams in cold regions.
One of them is the difficulty in finding inexpensive clay materials with the necessary structural properties and using them in the
winter. Another is the cracks that appear in the upper part of a dam when the core freezes to the banks, and leakage along the cracks threatens
to destroy the dam. Still another is the process of erosion at the bottom of the core which may occur through fissures in the rock foundation
of a dam and in transport constructions. Also, the behaviour of water-retaining elements during earthquakes is unreliable. All of these
problems can be solved by using ice- and cryogel-soil composites created by cryotropic gel formation (CGF). Our laboratory investigations
demonstrate that the materials proposed for water-retaining elements have the necessary permeable, plastic, thermophysical, and strength
properties to solve all of these problems. Certain constructions of water-retaining elements which may prove to be both safe and
cost-effective are proposed. However, these ice- and cryogel-soil composites need to be field-validated before they are used in dams and
transport structures in cold regions. 相似文献
14.
城中村流动人口的时间利用以及生活 活动时空间结构 ——对北京5个城中村的调查 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
基于北京5个城中村的问卷调查,从个体行为的角度系统研究了城中村流动人口日常生活活动的时间利用特征以及时空间结构。研究发现:工作日中工作活动是支配活动,对其他活动时间起到制约作用,休息日娱乐时间占据主导地位,男女在时间分配特征上体现出较大不同;城中村流动人口工作日和休息日活动的时空间结构在性别上表现出明显的一致性;在时间上,休息日大部分活动集中在自家;家中娱乐活动出现较强晚间高峰;在性别上,男性比女性外出娱乐活动多,出行距离更远,女性家务活动多于男性。人群个体日常活动的规律性可以为掌握城市人群生活空间结构、制定城市规划等提供重要参考。 相似文献
15.
16.
1990-2015年喜马拉雅山冰川变化的遥感监测及动因分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI影像数据,结合比值阈值法与目视解译提取冰川边界,分析了喜马拉雅山冰川在1990-2015年的进退变化。结果表明：近25 a来喜马拉雅山冰川整体呈退缩趋势,冰川面积由23 229.27 km2减少至20 676.17 km2,共减少2 553.10 km2,退缩率为10.99%,研究时段喜马拉雅山冰川加速退缩,尤其是近5 a来,加速退缩的趋势尤为显著。研究区冰川主要分布在海拔4 800~6 200 m范围内,且随着海拔升高冰川分布面积呈先增加后减小趋势,综合分析喜马拉雅山山体海拔特征可知,5 200~5 600 m很可能是研究区的“第二大降水带”。依据山岳冰川分布特征,我们将研究区冰川分为山谷冰川、冰斗冰川、冰斗-山谷冰川、悬冰川和平顶冰川,其中悬冰川的数量最多,山谷冰川的分布面积和平均规模最大。结合研究区周边气象格点数据,同时以12a为滞后期发现,近25a来喜马拉雅山冰川持续退缩很可能是气温升高和降水减少共同作用的结果,且未来十几年内冰川仍可能处于持续退缩的状态。 相似文献
17.
Numerous airports have been constructed based on the Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Civil Aviation Development of China. We collected relevant data on the number and distribution of civil airports, the construction of which had started or that had been assessed and approved. Based on a comparative analysis of the limits of ecological restoration in different ecologically vulnerable areas from the perspective of space, as well as an examination of ecological sensitivity factors in the ecosystems surrounding airport construction projects, suggestions concerning key ecological control techniques to be employed in airport construction projects in different ecologically vulnerable areas are put forward. The results showed that the airport construction projects recently approved by the Ministry of Water Resources and the Environmental Protection Agency are mainly distributed in the ecologically vulnerable areas of the Red Soil Hilly Area in southern China, the Karst Rocky Desertification Area in southwest China, the Agro-pastoral Ecotone in the southwestern mountain region, and the Desert-Oasis Connecting Belt in northwest China. The airport construction projects in the southwest mountain area, the hilly areas of southern China, and in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau are mainly based on the ecological technologies of slope protection, interception and drainage management, and vegetation restoration, respectively. In the arid and semi-arid areas, the ecological control technology employed in airport construction is mainly the rational utilization of water resources and reduction or mitigation of the effects of sandstorms. This study aims to serve as basis for soil and water conservation plans in airport construction projects and accelerate ecosystem restoration within the vicinity of airport construction sites. 相似文献
18.
湿地生态系统碳循环研究进展 总被引：34，自引：6，他引：28
碳在不同类型湿地中储藏量约占地球陆地碳总量的15%。由于全球湿地面积迅速减少,湿地生态系统正常的水循环和碳循环过程产生一定的变化,湿地生态系统的演变也可能是全球大气CO2含量升高的一个不可忽视的重要因素。气候条件是湿地碳循环生物地球化学过程的重要驱动因素,湿地特殊的生态水文过程和土壤环境条件,使得湿地碳循环具有区别于其它生态系统碳循环的特征。影响湿地中碳积累与分解过程的重要控制因子是温度、水文条件和植物群落,特别是水文条件对湿地碳循环过程影响较大。湿地土壤呼吸通量与根层土壤温度呈正相关关系,并受地表积水深度和地下潜水水位的影响,另外,洪泛作用会增加湿地CO2的排放率,湿地水文过程决定溶解有机碳的输入与输出过程。 相似文献
19.
20.
Advances in terrestrial system research in China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Land surface is of spatial-temporal heterogeneity. Terrestrial system (TS) comprehensively studies on land surface and physical regionalization objectively describes geographical zonation of the system. China has a vast area with apparent spatial variations in resources and environmental conditions, which highly influence on socio-economic development. In this paper, progress of the TS studies in China is overviewed and research priorities in the near future are prospected. Since the 1950s, China has paid great attention to the TS study as its socio-economic development, and conducted research on physical geographical regionalization, eco-geographical regionalization and comprehensive regionalization. Along with the deepening of global change research, dynamics of TS have been highly concerned. During the studies, methodology has been developed from qualitative research of integration of experts’ brainpower gradually to quantitative research based on field observation and experiments of the natural processes, including physical, chemical and biological processes, as well as application of information technology and mathematical simulation. In the near future, TS would combine with the ideology, objectives and key researches of Future Earth program, to focus on the mechanism and regional effects of interaction among land surface elements, the response of TS to global change, the quantitative recognition on regional unit boundary, and the application to TS in sustainable socio-economic development. 相似文献