共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
V. G. Bondur Yu. V. Grebenyuk E. V. Ezhova V. I. Kazakov D. A. Sergeev I. A. Soustova Yu. I. Troitskaya 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2010,46(3):347-359
In a large test reservoir with artificial temperature stratification at the Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy
of Sciences, a major simulation of internal wave actuation by buoyant turbulent jets generated by wastewater flows from underwater
collector diffusers in conditions of temperature stratification with deep and shallow thermocline has been performed. Using
a modification of the particle tracing velocimetry (PTV) method in the stratification mode with shallow thermocline, the velocities
of currents generated by internal waves at the surface of the water area are measured. A theoretical model is developed describing
the fields of internal waves in the presence of jet stream. Dispersion relations and structures of lower (first and second)
modes of internal waves in the stratified basin for different rates of liquid outflow from the collector model are obtained.
The experimentally measured field of isothermal shifts with respect to the system of characteristic modes of internal waves
is decomposed. A mixed regime of internal wave actuation with the simultaneous existence of the first and second modes is
observed. The characteristics of perturbations in the liquid column and on its surface are compared. This analysis allows
us to prove that the velocity fields on the surface are indeed surface manifestations of internal waves. 相似文献
2.
E. V. Ezhova D. A. Sergeev A. A. Kandaurov Yu. I. Troitskaya 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2012,48(4):409-417
The nonsteady dynamics of turbulent axially symmetrical jets in stratified fluid with a great density gradient (pycnocline) is studied in laboratory experiments in the large test reservoir with artificial temperature stratification at the Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences (IAP RAS) simulating wastewater flows from underwater collectors in coastal cities. An underwater survey of jets in the pycnocline region has been carried out along with synchronous measurements of internal waves. It is shown that a jet quasiperiodically oscillates in a vertical plane, thus effectively generating internal waves when interacting with the pycnocline. It is ascertained that the axially symmetrical mode of jet oscillations is a source of internal waves. 相似文献
3.
It was shown based on laboratory experiments in a Large Thermally Stratified Tank (LTST) at the Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences that a turbulent axisymmetric jet in a stratified fluid with a sharp density drop (a pycnocline) intensively generates internal waves. An axisymmetric oscillation mode, for which a sufficient condition of stability in the parallel flow approximation is met, served as their source. This paper studies the stability of a nonparallel flow (with self-similar velocity profiles) that simulates a jet flow in the lower part of the pycnocline with respect to the axisymmetric mode. The estimates of the axisymmetric mode near the pycnocline are in agreement with the experimental data. The signs of the self-oscillating mode of the jet were experimentally revealed and the possibility of self-oscillations was theoretically proved: it was shown that the flow in the pycnocline vicinity is absolutely unstable. 相似文献
4.
U. Raudsepp 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》1998,47(6):715-730
High spatial resolution measurements of current velocity performed by the shipboard mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) in the lateral boundary layer of the southern Gulf of Finland during two 5-day periods are described and analysed with a focus on the dominant dynamics. The measurement site represents a small (15×20 km), relatively deep (up to 100 m) bay opened to large-scale estuarine circulation. The measurement period was characterized by calm winds and a strong seasonal pycnocline (Brunt-Väisälä frequencyN=6–9*10−2 s−1). The quasi-steady velocity field revealed polarization of currents along the shore whereas an intensive baroclinic coastal jet was observed over a cross-shore scale of 1–2 km. The level of vertical separation of the alongshore flow coincided with the pycnocline at the coast, but was shifted below it in the offshore region. The cross-shore flow was considerably weaker and showed a three-layer structure with an opposite phase between the first and second surveys. It is suggested that the observed jet resembles a non-locally forced eastward propagating coastally trapped wave. In the offshore area the alongshore flow field satisfies local geostrophic balance quite well, except in the pycnocline where strong vertical stratification exerts considerable vertical stress. As vertical velocity shear is well correlated with vertical stratification, the horizontal advection prevails over vertical mixing. Horizontal inhomogeneities of density distribution are partly explained by vertical velocities with an estimated magnitude of less than 0·6 mm/s and the spatial pattern following bottom topography. 相似文献
5.
The basic properties of the dynamic model of a turbulent jet formed by a deep-water sewage discharge into the stratified environment of coastal regions are considered. The model developed was used to estimate the parameters of a floating-up jet of deep wastewater discharge from Sand Island into the basin of Mamala Bay (Hawaii) depending on the season and discharge operation mode. The estimates of the float-up depths of the jet and the initial dilution of the jet were estimated on the basis of model calculations using experimental data on the vertical profiles of the water temperature and salinity under the actual conditions of stratification in the study region. It is shown that the further propagation of the wastewater jet depends on tidal events and internal waves generated by tides. The appearance of turbulent jets at the sea surface was recorded. The model estimates of the parameters of the wastewater discharge were compared with the results of experimental measurements. Good agreement was found, which indicates that the physical mechanisms of the propagation of turbulent jets in a stratified medium are adequately described by the model. 相似文献
6.
内波场中水平桩柱波阻的实验研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
分析水平阻力与内波波要素的关系,采用实验室实验的方法,研究了水平桩柱与内波的相互作用,焦点是研究内波波要素与波阻之间的关系。实验中的密度分层采用典型跃层型剖面,而内波是由自行研制的造波机生成。实验结果表明,当内波的频率不变时,水平桩柱所受到的阻力随着内波的振幅增加而增加,它的量值与分层有关。对于强跃层的密度分布,当桩柱处在跃层中时,受到的水平波阻较小,而在跃层之外则受到较大的水平波阻。 相似文献
7.
A new theoretical solution is presented here for the dynamic characteristics of a buoyant jet due to opposing small amplitude waves.The conservation equations of mass,tangential momentum and vertical momentum are solved by the integral method which encompasses the Gaussian profiles of velocity and density.The action of waves is incorporated into the equations of motion as an external force and a new exact solution is obtained to predict the trajectory,velocity distribution and boundary thickness of the buoyant jet over an arbitrary lateral cross section.It is found that the velocity along the centerline is inversely proportional to the ratio of the momentum of the wave to the buoyant jet.The averaged boundary width varies with the fluctuation of the boundary width,the distance from the orifice and the velocity correction function.Owing to the motion d waves,the fluctuation of the boundary width is proportional to the wave steepness. 相似文献
8.
为深入研究井喷和管道破损等海底事故后溢油在水下环境中的输移扩散过程，文章利用自制的组合式环形水槽（周长9.7 m、宽0.45 m、深1 m），以阿曼原油与消油剂混合物和淡水（含示踪剂）为模拟污染物，初步开展静水和动水环境中海底溢油浮射流的物理模拟实验，并应用基于拉格朗日积分方法的水下溢油浮射流模型进行数值模拟比较分析。研究结果表明:静水环境中，水下溢油浮射流主要沿喷口的垂直中心线向水面输移扩散；非均匀流动水环境中，横流速度越大，浮射流输移轨迹的弯曲程度越明显；数值模拟的浮射流轨迹总体上与实验观测结果符合较好；研究结果可为今后相关物理实验和数值模型的改进研究提供有益参考。 相似文献
9.
This paper presents a numerical study on the hydrodynamic behaviours of a round buoyant jet under the effect of JONSWAP random waves. A three-dimensional large eddy simulation (LES) model is developed to simulate the buoyant jet in a stagnant ambient and JONSWAP random waves. By comparison of velocity and concentration fields, it is found that the buoyant jet exhibits faster decay of centerline velocity, wider lateral spreading and larger initial dilution under the wave effect, indicating that wave dynamics improves the jet entrainment and mixing in the near field, and subsequently mitigate the jet impacts in the far field. The effect of buoyancy force on the jet behaviours in the random waves is also numerically investigated. The results show that the wave effect on the jet entrainment and mixing is considerably weakened under the existence of buoyancy force, resulting in a slower decay rate of centerline velocity and a narrower jet width for the jet with initial buoyancy. 相似文献
10.
Application of the standard Eulerian model to simulations of sand scour results in unrealistic phenomena. Therefore, the present work develops a modified Eulerian model based on sand incipient motion theory. The modified model is applied for simulating a two-dimensional single vertical jet and a moving planar jet. The simulation results generally demonstrate fairly good agreement with published results of scour profiles and the velocity contours of the water and sand phases. In addition, equations to describe self-similar scour profiles for the moving planar jet cases are given. The results demonstrate that the modified model efficiently and accurately simulates the two-dimensional sand scour produced by jets, particularly for the moving jet cases. 相似文献
11.
采用激光诱导荧光技术(laser induced fluorescence-LIF)对同向流动环境中具有不同喷口高宽比(aspect ratio-AR)、射流比(velocity ratio-VR)的椭圆喷口射流与圆喷口射流的标量物质浓度场进行可视化和定量化研究。系统研究了同向流动环境中椭圆喷口射流浓度场的各种掺混稀释特性:中心线稀释度,射流扩展宽度,下游不同断面上的时均浓度分布和紊动强度分布。采用紊流理论和量纲分析方法对实验数据进行分析讨论,给出同向流动环境中受动量控制的椭圆射流稀释度预报方法,提出该类椭圆射流稀释度预报方法归并到已有圆射流系列预报模型中的实现途径,比较了具有相同出口超值动量Me0的圆射流与椭圆射流的沿程稀释度变化。由于椭圆射流比圆射流具有更高的稀释度增长比率,说明椭圆射流比圆射流具有更好的掺混稀释效果。 相似文献
12.
Modifications of integral bubble and jet models including the pressure force are proposed. Exact solutions are found for the modified model of a stationary convective jet from a point source of buoyancy and momentum. The exact solutions are compared against analytical solutions of the integral models for a stationary jet that are based on the approximation of the vertical boundary layer. It is found that the modified integral models of convective jets retain the power-law dependences on the altitude for the vertical velocity and buoyancy obtained in classical models. For a buoyant jet in a neutrally stratified atmosphere, the inclusion of the pressure force increases the amplitude of buoyancy and decreases the amplitude of vertical velocity. The total amplitude change is about 10%. It is shown that in this model there is a dynamic invariant expressing the law of a uniform distribution of the potential and kinetic energy along the jet axis. For a spontaneous jet rising in an unstably stratified atmosphere, the inclusion of the pressure force retains the amplitude of buoyancy and increases the amplitude of vertical velocity by about 15%. It is shown that in the model of a spontaneous jet there is a dynamic invariant expressing the law of a uniform distribution of the available potential and kinetic energy along the jet axis. The results are of interest for the problems of anthropogenic pollution diffusion in the air and water environments and the formulation of models for statistical and stochastic ensembles of thermals in a mass-flux parameterization of turbulent moments. 相似文献
13.
O. A. Druzhinin V. V. Papko D. A. Sergeev Yu. I. Troitskaya 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2006,42(5):615-626
The far-wake flow past a sphere towed in a fluid with high Reynolds and Froude numbers and with a pycnocline-form salt-density stratification is studied in a laboratory experiment based on particle image velocimetry and in numerical and theoretical modeling. In the configuration under consideration, the axis of sphere towing is located under a pycnocline. Flow parameters, the profiles of density and average velocity, and the initial field of velocity fluctuation in numerical modeling are specified from the data of the laboratory experiment. The fields of fluid velocity at different times and the time dependences of integral parameters of wake flow, such as the average velocity at the axis and the transverse width of the flow, are obtained. The results of numerical modeling are in good qualitative and quantitative agreement with the data of the laboratory experiment. The results of the laboratory experiment and numerical modeling are compared to the predictions of a quasi-linear and quasi-two-dimensional theoretical model. The time evolution of both the average velocity at the axis and the transverse width of the wake is obtained with the model and is in good agreement with the experimental data. The results of numerical modeling also show that, under the effect of velocity fluctuation in the wake, internal waves whose spatial period is equal to the characteristic period of the wake’s vortex structure are excited efficiently in the pycnocline. 相似文献
14.
文章基于自制的组合式环形水槽（周长9.7 m、宽0.45 m、深1.0 m）,分别以阿曼原油及其消油剂混合物和淡水（含示踪剂）为模拟污染物,开展水下溢油的物理模拟实验,以浮射流输移轨迹、污染物扩散范围和油滴粒径分布为考察指标,研究横流环境和消油剂的使用对水下溢油输移扩散的影响。实验结果表明:在横流环境中,浮射流输移轨迹开始弯曲的高度随着流速的增加而降低;与淡水浮射流主要在水中输移扩散的情况不同,当污染物为原油时,大粒径油滴脱离浮射流主体并上浮至水面,导致扩散范围更大;消油剂的添加会使原油浮射流内部油滴的体积中值粒径变小,油滴粒径分布曲线向小尺寸方向偏移。实验结果可为后续的物理模拟实验和数值模拟研究提供参考。 相似文献
15.
A comprehensive numerical study on the three-dimensional structure of a turbulent jet in crossflow is performed. Thejet-to-crossflow velocity ratio (R) varies in the range of 2 ～ 16; both vertical jets and inclined jets without excess streamwisemomentum are considered. The numerical results of the standard two-equation k-~ model show that the turbulent structurecan be broadly categorised according to the jet-to-crossflow velocity ratio. For strong to moderate jet discharges, i.e. R >4, the jet is characterized by a longitudinal transition through a bent-over phase during which the jet becomes almost parallelwith the main freestream, to a sectional vortex-pair flow with double concentration maxima; the computed flow details andscalar mixing characteristics can be described by self-similar relations beyond a dimensionless distance of around 20 ～ 60.The similarity coefficients are only weakly dependent on R. The cross-section scalar field is kidney-shaped and bifurcated,with distinct double concentration maxima; the aspect ratio is found to be around 1.2. A loss in vertical momentum is ob-served and the added mass coefficient of the jet motion is found to be approximately 1. On the other hand, for weak jets instrong crossflow, i.e. R≤ 2, the lee of the jet is characterized by a negative pressure region. Although the double vortexflow can still be noted, the scalar field becomes more symmetrical and no longer bifurcated. The similarity coeffcients are al-so noticeably different. The predicted jet flow characteristics and mixing rates are well supported by experimental and field data 相似文献
16.
V. I. Bukreev 《Oceanology》2013,53(1):110-118
A technique and some results of laboratory experiments, in which the densification during mixing of the salt water masses with the same initial densities occurs, are presented. A graphical interpretation of the densification during mixing and an empirical formula describing the dependence of the water density on temperature and concentration of the dissolved salt NaCl at atmospheric pressure are given. Examples of spreading of the initially horizontal, inclined and vertical round jets as well as a vertical plane jet are considered. In all examples, the jet submerged up to the bottom of the experimental setup. It was found that the submergence velocity was on the order of 0.5 ± 0.1 cm/s. The influence of the double diffusion on the jet submergence velocity in the salt water is discussed. 相似文献
17.
利用ADCP对东海大陆架定点(26°30.052′N,122°35.998′E)连续观测6个多月的海流数据进行分析研究,结果表明:层化对该海域潮流的垂向结构有显著影响,层化导致潮流流速、潮流椭圆长轴、椭圆率和倾角在通过密度跃层时发生较大改变。9月份,东海大陆架存在较强的密度跃层,层化加强,海流流速、M2分潮潮流倾角和M2分潮潮流椭圆率在跃层深度以浅随深度显著增大,跃层处达最大,跃层以深随深度迅速减小;2月份,上层海洋混合较强,密度跃层强度最弱,潮流流速、潮流椭圆长轴、椭圆率和倾角在垂向上变化不大。 相似文献
18.
V. G. Bondur Yu. V. Grebenyuk E. V. Ezhova V. I. Kazakov D. A. Sergeev I. A. Soustova Yu. I. Troitskaya 《Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics》2010,46(4):482-491
In a large test reservoir at the Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, a series of experiments were performed
to investigate the surface manifestations of internal waves radiated by a subsurface buoyant jet. The field of currents on
the water surface of the reservoir was studied through the distribution of temperature with shallow thermocline. Using Particle
Tracking Velocimetry (PTV), the velocity field of surface currents was measured. A theoretical model was developed to calculate
the rates of disturbances on the surface. A comparison with experimental data indicated that the calculated data of the surface
rate value are overestimated. This discrepancy was explained by the presence of a film of surface-active substances (SASs)
with experimentally obtained parameters. Using scale modeling coefficients, we estimated the parameters of internal waves
radiated by the subsurface wastewater system and the values of their surface manifestations in field conditions. We estimated
the hydrodynamic contrasts in the field of surface waves, which can be caused by these inhomogeneous currents on the surface.
For a wind velocity of 5 m/s, the magnitude of the contrast in the field of short waves can reach up to 10–25%, which is detected
with confidence by remote-sensing methods. 相似文献
19.
东海内陆架春季跃层和内波影响下的环境要素分布 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
基于东海内陆架P2连续站春季流速和环境要素的观测数据,发现该站存在由浙闽沿岸水系和陆架混合水系界面形成的较强跃层,跃层的浮频率在1×10-3s-2左右。跃层上下水体的温盐值变化和流场的变化有相关关系。环境要素在跃层的影响下呈现显著的分层结构,说明跃层对环境要素的垂直交换起到了限制作用。同时跃层的存在也为内波的产生提供了条件,斜压结构主要由具有半日潮频率的内潮和近惯性频率的内波组成。在观测开始和结束时刻,跃层深度显著抬升,跃层中存在Ri-1大于4的情况,这与叶绿素溶解氧跨跃层现象存在的时刻对应,说明这两个时刻水体由于内波活动改变了跃层深度并存在剪切不稳定的情况,进而引起了水体的垂向交换,为环境要素的跨跃层混合提供了条件。跃层和内波分别对环境要素的垂直混合起到了阻碍和加强的作用。 相似文献
20.
E. M. Lemeshko A. N. Morozov S. V. Stanichnyi L. D. Mee G. I. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2008,18(6):319-331
The profiles of absolute current velocity obtained by using a lowered acoustic doppler current profiler (LADCP) are presented. In the course of the BSERP-3 expedition, the measurements were carried out in the regions of the Rim Current, anticyclonic eddy, and northwest shelf.
In the core of the Rim Current, a unidirectional motion of waters is traced in layers below the main pycnocline down to depths
greater than 500 m. Its characteristic velocity can be as high as 0.08 m/sec. It is shown that the direct action of the eddy
is detected in the shelf region at distances larger than 20 km from the outer edge of the shelf in the zone bounded by an
isobath of 100 m. The formation of multilayer vertical structures in the field of current velocities is revealed in the region
of interaction of the anticyclonic eddy with irregularities of the bottom on the side of the shelf. A two-layer structure
of currents with specific features in the layer of formed seasonal pycnocline is observed in the region of the shelf down
to an isobath of 100 m. The profiles of the moduli of vertical shears of currents averaged over the casts ensemble are presented
for the abyssal and shelf parts of the sea. It is shown that the shears induced by the geostrophic currents and wave processes
in the region of the main pycnocline are comparable. Below the pycnocline, the shears are mainly determined by the wave processes.
Translated from Morskoi Gidrofizicheskii Zhurnal, No. 6, pp. 25–37, November–December, 2008. 相似文献