共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
ABSTRACTThe objective of photogrammetry is to extract information from imagery. With the increasing interaction of sensing and computing technologies, the fundamentals of photogrammetry have undergone an evolutionary change in the past several decades. Numerous theoretical progresses and practical applications have been reported from traditionally different but related multiple disciplines, including computer vision, photogrammetry, computer graphics, pattern recognition, remote sensing and machine learning. This has gradually extended the boundary of traditional photogrammetry in both theory and practice. This paper introduces a new, holistic theoretical framework to describe various photogrammetric tasks and solutions. Under this framework, photogrammetry is generally regarded as a reversed imaging process formulated as a unified optimization problem. Depending on the variables to be determined through optimization, photogrammetric tasks are mostly divided into image space tasks, image-object space tasks and object space tasks, each being a special case of the general formulation. This paper presents representative solution approaches for each task. With this effort, we intend to advocate an imminent and necessary paradigm change in both research and learning of photogrammetry. 相似文献
2.
二维物体的识别是计算机视觉与航空摄影测量领域里重要的研究目标。本文提出在图像预处理阶段运用边缘提取的算法和数学形态学先得到轮廓线，形成对特征的描述。基于这些特征描述建立了用动态规划法进行特征匹配的数学模型和算法。实验结果表明它不仅具有可靠性和稳健性，而且在计算机上易于编程实现。 相似文献
3.
ABSTRACTDuring the last few years, artificial intelligence based on deep learning, and particularly based on convolutional neural networks, has acted as a game changer in just about all tasks related to photogrammetry and remote sensing. Results have shown partly significant improvements in many projects all across the photogrammetric processing chain from image orientation to surface reconstruction, scene classification as well as change detection, object extraction and object tracking and recognition in image sequences. This paper summarizes the foundations of deep learning for photogrammetry and remote sensing before illustrating, by way of example, different projects being carried out at the Institute of Photogrammetry and GeoInformation, Leibniz University Hannover, in this exciting and fast moving field of research and development. 相似文献
4.
B. P. Wrobel 《The Photogrammetric Record》1991,13(77):765-776
The evolution of digital photogrammetry from analytical photogrammetry is outlined, partly by considering the methods employed, but with the main emphasis on mathematical and physical principles. A fundamental distinction is obvious from the nature of the primary information measurement data: the image co-ordinates with analytical photogrammetry and the digital image grey values with digital photogrammetry. For both techniques, appropriate Gauss-Markov evaluation procedures are compared. The relevant relationships between image space data and object space models are presented; radiometric considerations play a more important role than before. The evaluation of digital image grey value data is no longer based on digital image correlation. Instead, a new principle of image inversion has been introduced by directly back-projecting grey values of an image on to object space models. The numerical procedures of digital photogrammetry need some stabilisation by appropriate regularisation elements. The new concept of digital photogrammetry may be applied to imagery from almost any sensor. 相似文献
5.
The determination of the attitude, the position and the intrinsic geometric characteristics of the camera is recognised as the fundamental photogrammetric problem. It can be summarised as the determination of camera interior and exterior orientation parameters, as well as the determination of 3D coordinates of object points. The term "exterior orientation"of an image refers to its position and orientation related to an exterior (object space) coordinate system. Several methods can be applied to determine the parameters of the orientation of one, two or more photos. The orientation can be processed in steps (as relative and absolute orientation) but simultaneous methods (such as bundle adjustments) are now available in many software packages. Several methods have also been developed for the orientation of single images. They are based in general on geometric and topological characteristics of imaged objects.
This paper presents a survey of classical and modern methods for the determination of the exterior parameters in photogrammetry, some of which are available as software packages (with practical examples) on the Internet. The methods presented are classified in three principal groups. In the first, a selection of approximate methods for applications that do not require great accuracy is presented. Such methods are also used to calculate values required for iterative processes. In the second group, standard point–based methods derived from collinearity, coplanarity or coangularity conditions are briefly reviewed, followed by line–based approaches. The third group represents orientation methods based on constraints and on concepts of projective geometry, which are becoming of increasing interest for photogrammetrists. In the last section, the paper gives a summary of existing strategies for automatic exterior orientation in aerial photogrammetry. 相似文献
This paper presents a survey of classical and modern methods for the determination of the exterior parameters in photogrammetry, some of which are available as software packages (with practical examples) on the Internet. The methods presented are classified in three principal groups. In the first, a selection of approximate methods for applications that do not require great accuracy is presented. Such methods are also used to calculate values required for iterative processes. In the second group, standard point–based methods derived from collinearity, coplanarity or coangularity conditions are briefly reviewed, followed by line–based approaches. The third group represents orientation methods based on constraints and on concepts of projective geometry, which are becoming of increasing interest for photogrammetrists. In the last section, the paper gives a summary of existing strategies for automatic exterior orientation in aerial photogrammetry. 相似文献
6.
航空摄影测量作为摄影测量学最重要的分支之一,近年来得到了长足的发展。倾斜航空摄影和无人机摄影测量等多种新作业模式的出现,给传统航空摄影测量带来新的挑战的同时也催生出了诸多新的解决方案。此外,人工智能领域计算机视觉技术和深度学习技术中的新理论、新方法不断融入航空摄影测量中,推动航空摄影测量向智能化、自动化方向发展。当代航空摄影测量学已经是多种传感器融合、多种数据采集方式结合、传统摄影测量和人工智能技术交叉的产物。三维重建是航空摄影测量的核心问题之一。本文阐述了当代航空摄影三维重建技术的发展趋势和存在的问题,着重从航空影像的同名连接点自动提取与匹配、区域网平差、密集匹配和单体化建模4个方面对当前的研究现状进行了总结讨论,给出了当前国内外主流的航空影像摄影测量处理框架。 相似文献
7.
基于认知心理学的模式识别模型框架 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
王树根 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2002,27(5):543-547
从人类视觉认知机理和认知心理学的基本理论出发，介绍了视觉模式识别的三种主要匹配模型的特点，以及目标背景和视觉注视点对模式识别结果的影响，分析表明，人类视觉认知机理是计算机模式识别的理论基础，认知心理学对计算机模式识别的实际研究工作具有理论指导意义。 相似文献
8.
引入PLSA模型的光学遥感图像舰船检测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
提出一种基于概率潜在语义分析(Probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis,PLSA)的检测算法,首先通过PLSA将目标表述为潜在成分的概率组合,然后利用统计模式识别方法对获取的潜在成分概率进行判别,从而完成最终的检测。其中,生成的潜在成分反映了目标与特征之间相互出现的频率关系,并以潜在成分在目标中概率差异的形式对上述不对应现象给出了直观描述。实验结果表明,所提出的算法对多种复杂情况下的光学图像舰船检测具有很好的准确性和鲁棒性。 相似文献
9.
Modelling and representation issues in automated feature extraction from aerial and satellite images
《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2000,55(1):34-47
New digital systems for the processing of photogrammetric and remote sensing images have led to new approaches to information extraction for mapping and Geographic Information System (GIS) applications, with the expectation that data can become more readily available at a lower cost and with greater currency. Demands for mapping and GIS data are increasing as well for environmental assessment and monitoring. Hence, researchers from the fields of photogrammetry and remote sensing, as well as computer vision and artificial intelligence, are bringing together their particular skills for automating these tasks of information extraction. The paper will review some of the approaches used in knowledge representation and modelling for machine vision, and give examples of their applications in research for image understanding of aerial and satellite imagery. 相似文献
10.
Still video cameras are easy to handle, portable, digital image acquisition devices for close range photogrammetry. They allow fast object recording without being connected to a computer. As an example of the new camera type, the high resolution Kodak DCS200 is presented in this paper, combined with the DPA digital photogrammetric station used for image measurement and object reconstruction. The performance of this three dimensional measurement system is illustrated by calibration results as well as applications to high precision dimensional inspection in industry. 相似文献
11.
轻小型无人机测绘遥感系统研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地球空间信息是人工智能、大数据时代的重要数据基础,轻小型无人机测绘遥感技术作为中国当前和未来获取厘米级分辨率、实时响应遥感数据的主要手段,必将发挥更加重要的作用。本文首先介绍了固定翼、多旋翼、无人直升机以及飞行控制系统、地面监控系统和遥控遥测链路的发展现状和潜在发展趋势;其次重点研究了数码相机、视频摄像机、倾斜相机、激光雷达、合成孔径雷达和定姿定位系统的利用现状和发展趋势;然后总结分析了当前无人机测绘遥感面临的系统检测、大范围实时遥感和遥感大数据精准解译方面的问题和挑战;最后面向人工智能、大数据、物联网、云计算等技术背景给出了轻小型无人机测绘遥感技术在飞行控制智能化、测绘遥感作业智能化和实时、实景无人机遥感技术应用模式创新等方面的发展趋势。 相似文献
12.
J. Duhaut 《The Photogrammetric Record》1972,7(39):273-294
The use of aerial photography for hydrographic requirements is discussed, with particular reference to current circulation in an all water area. The paper examines the criteria and limitations imposed by an environment which is alien to normal topographic photogrammetry. 相似文献
13.
The Z/I Imaging Digital Camera System 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Market needs for airborne and spaceborne imagery used in photogrammetry and GIS applications are changing. Fundamental changes in sensors, platforms and applications are currently taking place. Most recently, new high resolution spaceborne sensors have become available. Besides classical photogrammetry, new thematic applications will drive the future image market. Savings in cost and time, together with the need for higher and reproducible radiometric resolution or spectral information will push forward the change from analogue to digital imagery. High resolution satellites will compete with airborne film-based photography and digital camera systems.
With the availability of a digital airborne camera, it is possible to completely close the digital chain from image acquisition to exploitation and data distribution. The key decision regarding the camera design in this case is whether a linear or area array sensor should be used. In view of the high geometric accuracy requirements in photogrammetry, Z/I Imaging has focused development on a digital camera based on an area sensor. An essential aspect of this decision was not only the aerial camera system, but also the entire photogrammetric process to the finished photographic or mapping product. If this point of view is adopted, it becomes clear that the development of a digital camera involves more than simply exchanging film for silicon. Aspects such as data transfer rates, in-flight data processing and storage, image archiving, georeferencing, colour fusion, calibration and preprocessing have the same influence on the economic assessment of a digital camera system. This paper describes current development activities and application aspects of a digital modular airborne camera system. 相似文献
With the availability of a digital airborne camera, it is possible to completely close the digital chain from image acquisition to exploitation and data distribution. The key decision regarding the camera design in this case is whether a linear or area array sensor should be used. In view of the high geometric accuracy requirements in photogrammetry, Z/I Imaging has focused development on a digital camera based on an area sensor. An essential aspect of this decision was not only the aerial camera system, but also the entire photogrammetric process to the finished photographic or mapping product. If this point of view is adopted, it becomes clear that the development of a digital camera involves more than simply exchanging film for silicon. Aspects such as data transfer rates, in-flight data processing and storage, image archiving, georeferencing, colour fusion, calibration and preprocessing have the same influence on the economic assessment of a digital camera system. This paper describes current development activities and application aspects of a digital modular airborne camera system. 相似文献
14.
无人机最优路径规划和精准数据采集是复杂城市场景三维重建的关键问题。优视摄影测量利用被摄对象的概略模型,结合密集采样的初始视点生成和采样点可重建性约束的视点优化技术,实现最小数据采集代价下的精确三维模型重建。本文首先研究了优视摄影测量的基本原理;然后利用优视摄影测量技术进行真实场景的无人机影像采集,并结合激光扫描点云进行空三精度分析和Mesh模型质量验证。试验结果表明,优视摄影测量显著提高了Mesh模型的重建质量;对于倾斜摄影难以观测的部分建筑物立面区域,精度提升达到3~5倍;与倾斜摄影相比,优视摄影测量能建立稳健影像连接,实现较高的绝对定位精度。 相似文献
15.
16.
Since the earliest days of photogrammetry, there have been photogrammetrists who have directed research effort towards medical measurement. Although the specific motivation for these studies has not always been disclosed, it is probably because of the various benefits that photogrammetry can offer to humanity as a painless and non-invasive means of providing medical practitioners with spatial measurement relating to the human body. The intention of this paper is to reflect on the place of the many medical developments within the photogrammetric world. The various photogrammetric applications in medicine are summarised to identify the characteristics of medical photogrammetry, and it becomes evident that medical photogrammetrists have developed a range of body measurements using widely varying photogrammetric techniques, in response to the demands for specialised spatial measurement tools for a wide variety of medical ends. This volume of research activity has made medical measurement a substantial and varied sector of non-mapping photogrammetry. It is also clear that there are numerous challenges to the design of medical photogrammetric systems. They must give paramount consideration to the human patients and their comfort; they must yield not simply spatial data about the body but rather specific medical information. At the same time, it is of concern that non-photogrammetric scientists and engineers have developed medical measurement systems based on both photogrammetric and other optical techniques. Fortunately, photogrammetrists can also contribute to medical problems through their spatial data experiences. It is concluded that the many distinctive challenges mean that medical photogrammetry has not yet been as successful at changing the world as the extensive efforts applied to it suggest, but nevertheless, medical photogrammetry deserves to be recognised as a category of close range photogrammetry which remains a valuable pursuit which should not be abandoned because of any difficulties. 相似文献
17.
S. N. Lane 《The Photogrammetric Record》2000,16(96):937-961
This paper seeks to review the progress that is being achieved by fluvial geomorphologists in making use of digital photogrammetry for river channel research. Fluvial geomorphology is first placed in a basic historical context from which the failure to make full use of the potential of photogrammetry is noted. A review is then given of the ways in which fluvial geomorphologists are now making use of photogrammetry, recognizing that the development of digital approaches has both made photogrammetry a more cost-effective tool and also introduced a range of new research questions. The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of these questions and to illustrate some of the ways in which they are being addressed. Special attention is given to the issue of data quality, which is frequently (and perhaps conveniently) ignored. 相似文献
18.
Feng Wenhao 《地球空间信息科学学报》2013,16(3):50-56
Close-range photogrammetry is to determine the shape and size of the object, instead of it's absolute position. Therefore, at first, any translation and rotation of the photogrammetric model of the object caused by whole geodesic, photographic and photogrammetric procedures in close-range photogrammetry could not be considered. However, it is necessary to analyze all the reasons which cause the deformations of the shape and size and to present their corresponding theories and equations. This situation, of course, is very different from the conventional topophotogrammetry. In this paper some specific characters of limit errors in close-range photogrammetry are presented in detail, including limit errors for calibration of interior elements for close-range cameras, the limit errors of relative and absolute orientations in close-range cameras, the limit errors of relative and absolute orientations in close-range photogrammetric procedures, and the limit errors of control works in close-range photogrammetry. A theoretical equation of calibration accuracy for close-range camerais given. Relating to the three examples in this paper, their theoretical accuracy requirement of interior elements of camera change in the scope of ±(0.005–0.350) mm. This discussion permits us to reduce accuracy requirement in calibration for an object with small relief, but the camera platform is located in violent vibration environment. Another theoretical equation of relative RMS of base lines (mS/S) and the equation RMS of start direction are also presented. It is proved that themS/S could be equal to the relative RMS ofmΔX/ΔX. It is also proved that the permitting RMS of start direction is much bigger than the traditionally used one. Some useful equations of limit errors in close-range photogrammetry are presented as well. Suggestions mentioned above are perhaps beneficial for increasing efficiency, for reducing production cost. 相似文献
19.
建立实用的遥感图像分析系统涉及诸多因素，其中，形成有效的目标提取算法体系和设立适于目前人工智能水平的基于知识的框架是两个核心问题。本文提出了一种利用对光谱特征空间分布进行可视化图形处理的新的分类方案，继而以光谱、纹理和空间知识对分类结果进行优化。这种集可视化分析、栅格ＧＩＳ处理功能和人类判读专家知识于一体的系统为解决遥感图像地物识别这一复杂问题提供了有效途径。 相似文献
20.
Over the past decade, photogrammetry has been increasingly applied as a precise three dimensional measuring tool in industrial and engineering works. Analytical photogrammetry is now routinely employed in tasks of measurement as diverse as machine tool inspection and fixture checking, structural deformation monitoring, the provision of control databases to guide industrial robots and the measurement of structures in earth orbit. Traditional photogrammetric techniques and instrumentation are usually inappropriate for industrial work and the development of complete, fully integrated close range photogrammetric systems has recently gained considerable impetus. This paper details some of the significant new developments in industrial photogrammetry, with particular reference to technological advances in the Simultaneous Triangulation and Resection System (STARS) designed by Geodetic Services, Inc. for industrial photograininetry. Practical aspects of industrial measurement are also presented in a review of some of the varying tasks that GSI has carried out in recent years. Emphasis is placed on demonstrating the flexibility, accuracy, reliability and economy of photogrammetry, as well as the progress made in automating this measurement technique. 相似文献