共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 458 毫秒
1.
研究区以生屑白云岩及含砂屑的鲕粒白云岩为主,相邻井区白云岩类型及厚度变化大。为确定各类白云岩的成因,通过孢粉及微体古生物化石、碳氧同位素、微量元素B含量等分析手段,对本区的古气候、古环境、古沉积介质的物理化学性质进行系统地分析,自沙三段以来,由温暖的亚热带气候变得逐渐干燥,水体逐渐咸化,为白云岩的形成提供了必要条件。具有硬的基底的滨浅湖台地,水体能长期保持清澈,有利于底栖生物生长繁殖,适宜碳酸盐岩的形成、沉积了巨厚的生屑白云岩,其生屑含量高、孔隙较发育、方解石也被交代的更加彻底,建立了该类白云岩滨浅湖台地渗透回流成因模式。滨浅湖隆起带区域,淡水与咸水在此交汇,易形成具雾心亮边的粉晶白云岩和具有同心圆结构的鲕粒云岩或生物碎屑云岩,但常常白云石化不彻底,方解石含量高,个别井段甚至发育云质鲕粒灰岩,建立了该类白云岩滨浅湖隆起带混合水成因模式。此研究丰富了湖相白云岩成因模式,对渤海湾盆地碳酸盐岩的勘探具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
2.
铁是地球中含量最多分布最广的过渡金属元素之一,但针对Fe同位素的研究滞后。介绍了开始于TIMS,到MC-ICP-MS的Fe同位素测试技术,其重要研究进展与现状。指出Fe元素及Fe同位素在自然界中的组成、分布及在生物、非生物有机作用过程中分馏的特征;Fe同位素地球化学及在古海洋学、矿床学等地球科学领域的广泛应用,涉及铁硫化物、铁氧化物和铁碳酸盐矿物-菱铁矿成矿作用。后者目前被认为是碳酸盐岩铁白云岩成因研究的关键,通过铁白云岩中大量铁和重金属来源示踪研究,揭示西沙群岛孤立岛屿环境铁白云岩的成因特征和机制,属于白云岩问题研究重要内容,具有重要的意义。 相似文献
3.
4.
Barra Velha组为研究区主力含油层位,区域古地貌控制了沉积相带和储层的分布。同时,古地貌的起伏影响同生期的成岩作用,也间接控制了储层的品质。通过岩心、测井和地震资料综合分析,综合利用印模法、残余厚度法,结合压实校正进行不同岩性的厚度恢复,对目标区块Barra Velha组沉积期的古地貌进行恢复,平面上将古地貌划分为古构造深水区、古构造斜坡—洼地区、古构造次高地及古构造高地。在古地貌的平面分区特征分析的基础上,结合沉积特征和同生期的暴露环境,进行沉积和储层研究,识别研究区优质储层发育区。 相似文献
5.
莱州湾东部滨海水域砂金分布特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对莱州湾东部滨海水域地球物理和地质钻综合调查，业已查明该海区地质的构造和古地理环境特征，并发现区内砂金分布较普遍，本文从砂金分布的地貌单元，沉积物类型，砂金成因类型，物质来源，古气候，构造作用，砂金成因等诸方面，研究了该海域内砂金特征。 相似文献
6.
7.
海底沙脊地貌的研究现状及进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
综述了国内外海底沙脊地貌的研究成果、技术方法以及东中国海沙脊研究中存在的问题。弓京港辐射沙脊群成因的研究依然是国内沙脊研究的焦点;东海中北部陆架沙脊地貌形成时期(海进与海退期)、沉积类型(现代、残留及潮流沉积)、沉积动力及沉积模式等研究尚存在较多争议;古潮流场的研究尚未得到足够重视。最新多波束探测数据显示,东海中南部外陆架60 m以深海域广泛分布线状沙脊群,其规模较前人预测的更大、范围更广,与长江口外喇叭状地形区中的沙脊地貌在空间分布特征和发展趋势上均存在差异。未来若能在利用多波束探测数据的基础上,对单道地震剖面、柱状样品以及钻孔等获取的多种资料进行综合分析,将更有利于对沙脊地貌的精细结构、时空展布规律以及成因机制和演化模式的研究。 相似文献
8.
古地貌是控制盆地后期沉积相发育与分布的一个主要因素,通过研究古地貌可有效地预测富砂沉积体系的分布。以酒泉盆地青西凹陷鸭西地区下沟组形态较平缓的大型鼻状构造带为研究对象,综合运用测井、岩心、地震等资料分析下沟组3个三级层序发育时期沉积体系空间展布及变迁,利用平衡剖面技术将下沟组3个三级层序界面恢复到后期祁连山逆冲推覆构造变形前的沉积期原始空间分布状态,并分析各层序发育时期古地貌特征及演化,探讨了古地貌与沉积体系空间展布两者之间的耦合关系。研究结果表明,古地貌组合样式制约着不同时期层序的发育及沉积体系的展布,并提出了古地貌对沉积体系空间展布的控制模式。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
The middle Permian Lucaogou Formation in the Jimusaer Sag of the southeastern Junggar Basin, NW China, was the site of a recent discovery of a giant tight oil reservoir. This reservoir is unusual as it is hosted by lacustrine mixed dolomitic-clastic rocks, significantly differing from other tight reservoirs that are generally hosted by marine/lacustrine siliciclastic–calcitic sequences. Here, we improve our understanding of this relatively new type of tight oil reservoir by presenting the results of a preliminarily investigation into the basic characteristics and origin of this reservoir using field, petrological, geophysical (including seismic and logging), and geochemical data. Field and well core observations indicate that the Lucaogou Formation is a sequence of mixed carbonate (mainly dolomites) and terrigenous clastic (mainly feldspars) sediments that were deposited in a highly saline environment. The formation is divided into upper and lower cycles based on lithological variations between coarse- and fine-grained rocks; in particular, dolomites and siltstones are interbedded with organic-rich mudstones in the lower part of each cycle, whereas the upper part of each cycle contains few dolomites and siltstones. Tight oil accumulations are generally present in the lower part of each cycle, and dolomites and dolomite-bearing rocks are the main reservoir rocks in these cycles, including sandy dolomite, dolarenite, dolomicrite, and a few dolomitic siltstones. Optical microscope, back scattered electron, and scanning electron microscope imaging indicate that the main oil reservoir spaces are secondary pores that were generated by the dissolution of clastics and dolomite by highly acidic and corrosive hydrocarbon-related fluids. 相似文献
12.
白洋淀地区近3万年来的古环境与历史上人类活动的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文根据沉积环境特征的研究和~(14)C年代的测定表明,本区近3万年来的岩层,可划分为五个层段。主要是河流或河流泛滥相沉积。全新世底界为6m。历史上白洋淀多次变化,人类活动是影响变化的主导因素。 相似文献
13.
Drilling has shown that there is a large petroleum reserve in the Liushagang Formation of the Fushan Depression, South China Sea from reservoirs of the sublacustrine fans. To reduce the risk associated with exploration, the sedimentary characteristics of the sublacustrine fans should be identified and described. Analysis of the drilling cores, well data and 3D seismic data was conducted to identify and interpret the sublacustrine fans which formed in a lacustrine succession as the low-stand fan of the 2nd member of Liushagang Formation (SQEls2). The reservoirs were commonly associated with pebbly conglomerates, mudstone shivers, muddy debris, various deformation structures including micro-faults, liquified deformation structure, ball and pillow structure, slump and stress-release deformation. Further contrastive analysis of sedimentary characteristics and palaeogeomorphology between the western and eastern sublacustrine fans indicates that they belong to two different types of sublacustrine system in continental basins. More specifically, the western fan, controlled by the multi-level step-fault belt, is a typical gravel-rich sublacustrine system which is characterised by structurally controlled, high gradient (2.8–3.3°), admixtures of muddy debris and pebbly conglomerates and poor reservoir quality, while the eastern fan, controlled by the flexure slope-break belt, is a sand-rich sublacustrine system dominated by relatively low gradient (2.0–2.5°), general fining-upwards trend with good reservoir quality. Therefore, the development of future exploration should be conducted at different levels in the Fushan Depression. 相似文献
14.
西沙岛礁白云岩化特征与成因模式分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
关于碳酸盐岩的白云岩化作用至今仍是一个争论颇大的科学问题。在2012-2013年期间,中海石油（中国）有限公司湛江分公司在西沙石岛钻取了长达1 268.02 m的“西科1井”岩心,在0~1 257.52 m主要由碳酸盐岩组成的岩心中存在有7个白云岩层。本文基于西科1井岩心样品的矿物组成、常量、微量及稀土元素含量等地球化学特征分析,探讨了西沙岛礁特有的白云岩化作用过程。结果表明:西科1井7层白云岩在成因上与埋深和压实成岩作用无关,其分布与海平面下降的地质事件有良好的对应关系,白云岩层元素地球化学特征表明白云岩成岩流体为浓缩的高盐度海水。根据白云岩层的矿物学和地球化学特征,提出了礁滩潟湖环境下高盐卤水渗透回流作用的白云岩化模式:伴随海平面的升降,礁体处于淹没与暴露的交替之中,海平面下降导致了礁滩潟湖的形成,由于西沙海区蒸发量大于降水量而使澙湖中海水盐度增高,最终形成富Mg卤水;澙湖中高盐度富Mg卤水在礁体内下渗和侧向扩散,Mg逐渐替代早期CaCO3晶格中Ca而形成白云石;海平面的升降变化和礁体淹没与暴露的交替导致了钻井岩心多个白云岩层的形成。海平面升降直接控制了岛礁碳酸盐岩的发育和白云岩化作用,导致海平面升降的古气候变化在岛礁的形成发育中起到主导作用。 相似文献
15.
临南洼陷带沙四段滨浅湖滩坝相成因的砂体广泛发育,近年来已成为该区十分重要的勘探后备阵地。但该区火成岩发育,地震资料品质较差,滩坝砂的分布发育不清,不利于勘探部署。在深化研究沙四上亚段古地貌、沉积特征的基础上,运用频谱分解等技术提高地震资料分辩率,综合利用了正演及属性分析等技术,对滩坝砂岩的发育范围进行了预测,取得了良好的效果,为该层系油藏的勘探提供了可靠的依据。 相似文献
16.
At Matienzo (Basque–Cantabrian Basin, northern Spain), a large stratabound HTD body (4 by 2 km2 and 80–400 m thick) delimited by two parallel sinistral strike-slip faults is exposed in Aptian carbonates. The margins of the HTD body are characterised by dolomite “tongues” indicating that some limestone beds were more prone to dolomitisation. However, no clear relationship between HTD occurrence and precursor limestone facies can be established. Massive limestone beds, as found at the top of the HTD body, act as barriers to hydrothermal processes, since no dolomite is present in or above these beds. Three types of dolomites have been differentiated, i.e. 1) matrix, 2) coarse crystalline and 3) zebra dolomite. The distribution of the dolomite types is attributed to ascending fluid flow and changing degree of dolomite oversaturation.The dolomite body was formed by two dolomitisation phases under burial conditions. No indications for a synsedimentary/early diagenetic dolomitisation have been observed. The first dolomitisation phase is characterized by ferroan dolomite and the second by non-ferroan dolomite. The two HTD phases are characterised by depleted δ18O-values (ranging between −10‰ and −16‰ V-PDB), δ13C-values similar to the Aptian–Albian marine signature and homogenisation temperatures of primary fluid inclusions between 120 °C and 150 °C. The dolomitising fluid was enriched in 87Sr compared to Aptian seawater, excluding the latter as an unmodified fluid source for dolomitisation. Microthermometry of primary fluid inclusions indicates that the dolomitising fluid evolved from a moderate saline (9.7 – 14.0 wt% NaCl) to a more saline (10.9 – 21.0 wt% NaCl) H2O–NaCl brine. The dolomitising fluid likely originated from evaporated seawater. Fluid circulation through the dolomitised strata is inferred to have taken place during the tectonically active period of the late Albian throughout which important sinistral-strike slip movements along basement faults occurred. 相似文献
17.
Eocene–Oligocene dolomite concretions and beds from the Grybów and Dukla units of the Polish Outer Carpathians were studied. These rocks occur in the organic carbon-rich, marine and fine-grained deposits of hemipelagic or turbiditic origin. Mineralogic, elemental and stable C and O isotopic composition of the dolomites was determined. Results indicate that the rocks were formed by precipitation of predominantly Fe-rich dolomite cement close to the sediment-water interface prior to significant compaction. The main source of bicarbonate for dolomite formation was bacterial methanogenesis as evidenced by the high δ13C values up to 16.6‰. The main source of alkalinity was probably weathering of silicate minerals which might have also liberated Ca and Mg ions for the dolomites to form. The distribution of these dolomites indicates that microbial methane production was widespread in the Silesian basin. Moreover, formation of some dolomites in the Eastern part of the Dukla unit was probably associated with gas hydrates as suggested by the elemental and oxygen isotopic composition of dolomitic matrix. Therefore, the dolomites may serve as a proxy of areas where biogenic methane was produced, where the rocks had high hydrocarbon potential, and where hydrates could have existed.Detailed mineralogic and petrographic analyses allowed for the reconstruction of the diagenetic sequence and the evolution of pore fluids. Textural relationships between successive cement generations indicate that the central parts of the composite dolomite crystals experienced corrosion and that the latest ankerite cement filled the secondary intragranular cavities within those crystals. This observation shows that reconstructions of pore fluid evolution based on core-to-rim analyses of such composite crystals may lead to wrong interpretations. Septarian cracks developed in the dolomites are often filled with multistage cements. The earliest generations are ferroan dolomite and ankerite cements which precipitated within the cracks simultaneously to the ferroan dolomite and ankerite cements from the matrix of the dolomitic rocks which shows that septarian cracking occurred very early, during the final stages of concretionary formation. These cements were followed by the late-diagenetic precipitates, mainly quartz, kaolinite and blocky calcite. This calcite is commonly associated with bitumen which shows that it precipitated during or after oil migration in the decarboxylation zone. 相似文献
18.
19.
南海自新生代以来发育了大量的碳酸盐岩台地和生物礁, 并普遍发生白云岩化作用, 具有广阔的油气勘探前景。文章通过开展岩相学观察、矿物学分析、常微量元素和碳氧同位素分析, 同时结合Fe组分及Fe同位素地球化学分析, 对南沙群岛南科1井白云岩的发育特征和成岩环境进行了系统研究。结果表明: 南科1井上中新统—下更新统白云岩主要形成于近地表环境中, 溶蚀孔隙发育, 残余结构明显。白云岩层中发育有多个与暴露成因有关的界面, 未发现石膏层的存在。同时, 白云岩普遍具有低Fe、Mn和Sr的特征以及与现代海水相似的REE分布模式, δ13C和δ18O多为正值, 但不存在相关性。整体来看, 白云岩可能形成于轻微蒸发海水的渗透回流作用, 还受到了与古气候变冷有关的海平面下降的控制。此外, 南科1井岩芯中多个层位发育铁白云石, 并且集中分布在暴露面附近。Fe组分和Fe同位素组成结果显示, 白云岩中Fe主要来源于海水中碳酸盐的沉淀, 成岩过程中基本不存在额外的陆源或热液来源的Fe混入。铁白云石主要形成于低温和浅埋藏环境中, 大气淡水对生物骨架、生物碎屑以及自生碳酸盐矿物的淋滤-溶解作用为其提供了重要的物质来源。作为生物礁体暴露地表期间的产物, 铁白云石的发育层位可能指示着低海平面时期。 相似文献
20.
渤海新近纪古湖发育的直接证据 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
通过渤海5口钻井的沉积有机质分析,以沉积有机质中浮游藻类丰度和类型、无定形有机质含量变化以及地层序列中富藻沉积层发育程度。作为指示湖相沉积环境发育的标志,确定渤海新近纪湖相沉积层的分布特征及渤海古坳陷湖的发育特征。分析表明,浮游藻类和无定形有机质含量高的层段在馆陶组和明下段都有分布,但发育最好的是在明下段下部。这是渤海新近纪湖相沉积地层存在的直接证据。从湖相沉积发育的差异看,馆陶组和明化镇组时期的古湖有着不同的特征,馆陶组早期渤海的湖泊可能很小,馆陶组中、晚期为湖泊扩张期,从含浮游藻类和无定形有机质沉积层纵向变化频繁出现可以看出浅湖沉积环境的不稳定性。新近纪古湖的盛期是在明下段下部沉积时段,当时渤海淡水湖泊普遍存在。 相似文献