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1.
地震勘探资料揭示郑州老鸦陈断层特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
断层活动性的探测研究是城市地震预测和防震减灾的基础性工作。为了查明郑州老鸦陈断层的位置、性质及其活动性,2006年底,在郑州市北郊横跨老鸦陈断层进行了不同探测深度的浅层地震勘探,通过采用爆破震源和可控震源相结合、不同观测系统参数相结合的工作方法,获得了探测深度30—6000m范围内的地下结构与构造图像。结果表明,老鸦陈断层为一条倾向NE、走向NW的正断层,该断层错断了新第三纪(N)以前的地层,在Q N地层内部没有发现断层引起的地层错断现象。 相似文献
2.
浅层人工地震P波和S波资料揭示的郑州老鸦陈断层特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
断层活动性的探测研究是城市防震减灾的基础性工作。为了查明郑州老鸦陈断层的位置、性质及其活动性,2006年底跨老鸦陈断层进行了高分辨率的浅层地震P波和S波探测,通过采用不同的地震波激发源、不同的观测系统参数相结合的工作方法,获得了沿剖面不同深度的地下细结构图像,揭示了老鸦陈断层的形态和特征。结果表明,老鸦陈断层为一条倾向NE、走向NW的正断层,该断层错断了新近系(N)以前的地层,在Q+N地层内部没有发现断层引起的地层错断现象 相似文献
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通过浅层地震勘探、钻孔联合剖面分析、野外地貌调查以及新地质年代测定等技术方法,对原先认定的郑州老鸦陈断裂的活动性开展调查. 其中,浅层地震勘探结果表明,该断裂仅存在于新近纪以前的地层,而在新近纪地层内均未发现该断层错断和活动迹象. 同时,地表的地质地貌调查亦发现ldquo;地貌陡坎rdquo;与老鸦陈断裂的位置不一致. 另外钻探和钻孔联合剖面的分析也表明,地表的陡坎仅发育在马兰黄土中, 其下地层平缓,没有错断现象,认为该陡坎的形成与老鸦陈断层没有关系,但可能与黄河改道变迁的侵蚀作用有关. 因此,老鸦陈断裂不属于活动断裂. 相似文献
5.
THE STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PANGUSI-XINXIANG FAULT IN THE SOUTHERN MARGIN OF TAIHANG MOUNTAINS 
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下载免费PDF全文 Pangusi-Xinxiang Fault is a great-scale, deep-incising buried active fault in the southern margin of the Taihang Mountains. In order to find out the location, characteristics, structure and activities of Pangusi-Xinxiang Fault, shallow reflection profiles with six lines crossing the buried faults were carried out. In this paper, based on the high-resolution seismic data acquisition technology and high-precision processing technology, we obtained clear images of underground structures. The results show that Pangusi-Xinxiang Fault is a near EW-trending Quaternary active fault and its structural features are different in different segment. The middle part of the fault behaves as a south-dipping normal fault and controls the north boundary of Jiyuan sag; The eastern part of the fault is a north-dipping normal fault and a dividing line of Wuzhi uplift and Xiuwu sag. The shallow seismic profiles reveal that the up-breakpoint of the Pangusi-Xinxiang Fault is at depth of 60~70m, which offsets the lower strata of upper Pleistocene. We infer that the activity time of this fault is in the lower strata of late Pleistocene. In this study, not only the location and characteristics of Pangusi-Xinxiang Fault are determined, but also the reliable geological and seismological evidences for the fault activity estimation are provided. 相似文献
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地貌陡坎的成因有许多种, 其中之一是由断层在新构造时期的活动造成。 因此, 地貌陡坎的存在可能指示了断层在新生代的活动性, 然而在运用地貌线性方法判定新生代以来断层活动的时候还需要有其他资料的相互验证, 否则可能得到相反的结论。 该文以邙山东侧陡坎与老鸦陈断层为例, 通过遥感影像解释、 中浅层地震探测、 联合钻孔对比、 地貌测量等方法, 得到了老鸦陈断层是一条倾向NE向的前第四纪正断层, 同时将陡坎分为三段, 陡坎总体走向NW—NWW向, 由北而南, 高差逐渐降低, 出郑州东南后消失。 分析两者之间的关系, 认为古黄河改道或其支流侵蚀切割形成邙山东侧陡坎, 与老鸦陈断层没有直接关系, 陡坎的形成时间不应早于晚更新世。 相似文献
7.
In the paper, an exploration is made by the techniques of shallow seismic prospecting, borehole composite profile analysis, field morphological investigation, and new geological dating for the Laoyachen fault in Zhengzhou that was originally recognized as an active one. The result from shallow seismic prospecting indicates this fault only existed in the stratum prior to the Neogene, dislocations and activity traces of this fault could not be found in the Neogene stratum. At the same time, the surface morphological investigation reveals that the location of the so-called "fault scarp" is not consistent with that of Laoyachen fault. Moreover, seismic drilling and borehole composite profile analysis also indicate that the scarp only developed in Malan Loess. The stratum beneath it is gentle and no dislocation traces can be seen. Therefore, we propose that this scarp is not relevant to the Laoyachen fault, which might be resulted from the diverted course of Yellow River. Laoyachen fault is not an active one. 相似文献
8.
富蕴地震断裂带的若干定量特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对富蕴地震断裂带９处不同地段的平板地质测量结果表明：北部引张段地震断裂 带宽约２２０ｍ,断坎平均高０．４ｍ;中部主体走滑段地震断层长达５３５ｍ以上,断层水平位移为１．８￣７．８ｍ断坎高０．４￣１．２ｍ,水平位移与垂直位移之比为５．７￣８．６;南部末端破裂段地震抛掷巨石距离达４０ｍ,地震断层水平位移为０．４￣９．９ｍ,断坎平均高０．２ｍ,末端及副断层水平位移与垂直位移之比高达２５￣２８。 相似文献
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松原市扶余北断裂的发现及活动性鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对3D及大量2D石油勘探资料的精细解释,发现并确认了位于松原市主城区北侧、距主城区仅10km处的扶余北断裂。该断裂是扶余隆起的北部边界,走向近EW,全长26km,西起孙家围子,向东延伸至大洼镇附近;断层倾向南,视倾角较陡,约60°~80°,早白垩纪为正断层,新构造运动以来表现为逆冲作用。利用浅层人工地震勘探、钻探、释光测年等多重组合方式对扶余北断裂的活动性作了鉴定,结果表明,扶余北断裂最新活动距今(23.9±0.6)ka~(28.9±0.6)ka,为晚更新世活动断裂,断裂活动造成第四系底界位错2.5m,中晚更新世地层存在明显扰动。 相似文献
11.
ZHANG Peng ZHANG Yuan-yuan XU Han-gang LIU Jian-da CHEN Jian-qiang LI Li-mei LI Jin-liang GU Qin-ping JIANG Xin 《地震地质》2019,41(5):1172-1184
Running across the urban areas of Changzhou, Wuxi and Suzhou, the NW-trending Su-Xi-Chang Fault is an important buried fault in Yangtze River Delta. In the respect of structural geomorphology, hilly landform is developed along the southwest side of the Su-Xi-Chang Fault, and a series of lakes and relatively low-lying depressions are developed on its northeast side, which is an important landform and neotectonic boundary line. The fault controlled the Jurassic and Cretaceous stratigraphic sedimentary and Cenozoic volcanic activities, and also has obvious control effects on the modern geomorphology and Quaternary stratigraphic distribution.
Su-Xi-Chang Fault is one of the target faults of the project "Urban active fault exploration and seismic risk assessment in Changzhou City" and "Urban active fault exploration and seismic risk assessment in Suzhou City". Hidden in the ground with thick cover layer, few researches have been done on this fault in the past. The study on the activity characteristics and the latest activity era of the Su-Xi-Chang Fault is of great significance for the prevention and reduction of earthquake disaster losses caused by the destructive earthquakes to the cities of Changzhou, Wuxi and Suzhou.
Based on shallow seismic exploration and drilling joint profiling method, Quaternary activities and distribution characteristics of the Su-Xi-Chang Fault are analyzed systematically. Shallow seismic exploration results show that the south branch of the Su-Xi-Chang Fault in Suzhou area is dominated by normal faulting, dipping to the north-east, with a dip angle of about 60° and a displacement of 3~5m on the bedrock surface. The north branch of the Su-Xi-Chang Fault in Changzhou area is dominated by normal faulting, dipping to the south, with a dip angle of about 55°~70° and a displacement of 4~12m on the bedrock surface. All breakpoints of Su-Xi-Chang Fault on the seismic exploration profiles show that only the bedrock surface was dislocated, not the interior strata of the Quaternary.
On the drilling joint profile in the Dongqiao site of Suzhou, the latest activity of the south branch of Su-Xi-Chang Fault is manifested as reverse faulting, with maximum displacement of 2.9m in the upper part of Lower Pleistocene, and the Middle Pleistocene has not been dislocated by the fault. The fault acts as normal fault in the Pre-Quaternary strata, with a displacement of 3.7m in the Neogene stratum. On the drilling joint profile in the Chaoyang Road site of Changzhou, the latest activity of the north branch of Su-Xi-Chang Fault is manifested as reverse faulting too, with maximum displacement of 2.8m in the bottom layer of the Middle Pleistocene. The fault acts as normal fault in the Pre-Quaternary strata, with a displacement of 10.2m in the bedrock surface.
Combining the above results, we conclude that the latest activity era of Su-Xi-Chang Fault is early Middle Pleistocene. The Su-Xi-Chang Fault was dominated by the sinistral normal faulting in the pre-Quaternary period, and turned into sinistral reverse faulting after the early Pleistocene, with displacement of about 3m in the Quaternary strata. The maximum magnitude of potential earthquake on the Su-Xi-Chang Fault is estimated to be 6.0. 相似文献
12.
Yongge Wan Zheng-kang Shen Min Wang Yuehua Zeng Jichao Huang Xiang Li Huawei Cui Xiwei Gao 《地震科学（英文版）》2015,28(3):187-195
We analyze co-seismic displacement field of the 26 December 2004, giant Sumatra–Andaman earthquake derived from Global Position System observations,geological vertical measurement of coral head, and pivot line observed through remote sensing. Using the co-seismic displacement field and AK135 spherical layered Earth model, we invert co-seismic slip distribution along the seismic fault. We also search the best fault geometry model to fit the observed data. Assuming that the dip angle linearly increases in downward direction, the postfit residual variation of the inversed geometry model with dip angles linearly changing along fault strike are plotted. The geometry model with local minimum misfits is the one with dip angle linearly increasing along strike from 4.3oin top southernmost patch to 4.5oin top northernmost path and dip angle linearly increased. By using the fault shape and geodetic co-seismic data, we estimate the slip distribution on the curved fault. Our result shows that the earthquake ruptured *200-km width down to a depth of about 60 km.0.5–12.5 m of thrust slip is resolved with the largest slip centered around the central section of the rupture zone78N–108N in latitude. The estimated seismic moment is8.2 9 1022 N m, which is larger than estimation from the centroid moment magnitude(4.0 9 1022 N m), and smaller than estimation from normal-mode oscillation data modeling(1.0 9 1023 N m). 相似文献
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Anqiu-Juxian Fault is an important fault in the Tanlu fault zone, with the highest seismic risk, the most recent activity date, and the most obvious surface traces. Due to lack of credible geological evidences, there is big controversy on the Holocene activity in the Jiangsu segment of this fault. Research on the characteristics of late Quaternary activity in the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault, particularly its latest activity time, is of great significance to assessment of its earthquake ability and seismic risk. Based on field investigations on the Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault, and combining with the results of fault activities identification on this fault in Suqian City, we discussed the characteristics of its activities in late Quaternary. Multiple geological sections we found in this study and the results of fault activities identification in Suqian City all indicate that there was an ancient seismic event occurring in middle period of Holocene in the segment from southern Maling Mountain to Suqian City; but the trench at Houchen village did not show any evidence of Holocene activity on the Chonggangshan segment of this fault. Based on method of shallow seismic exploration, we carried out a systematic exploration of this fault to get its accurate position and activity characteristics. The results show that Anqiu-Juxian Fault in Suqian City is mainly characterized by dextral strike-slip, associated with both thrusting and extensional movement in different positions. A series of low hills were formed along the fault in the north of Suqian City, and a small graben basin was formed in the south of Suqian City, both are controlled by the dextral strike-slip movement of this fault. The Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault in general is characterized by dextral strike-slip with thrusting movement. But some parts of it are characterized by dextral strike-slip with extensional movement. The Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault experienced a number of activities since the late Quaternary, with an obvious activity in Holocene. The seismic activities of Jiangsu segment of Anqiu-Juxian Fault have the characteristic of high intensity and low frequency. Its activities decrease gradually from north to south as a whole. 相似文献
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根据近场小孔径观测台网记录的余震序列资料，研究了2000年1月15日云南姚安MS6.4地震序列的地震物理过程. 用地震标定律关系估算主震的地震矩M0=1.58×1018N·m，矩震级MW=6.0，平均位错=0.63m，断层长度L=16.6km，断层宽度W=5.6km. 余震序列的高精度定位结果和能量分布走向，很好地证实了主震的断层破裂走向为N50°W，震区马尾菁断裂为主震发震构造，断层错动性质以右旋走滑为主. 用横波记录资料及波谱分析方法估算出余震的震源参数: 地震矩范围为1010～1016N·m，震源破裂半径a为80～500m，地震应力降范围为0.01～9.5MPa. 较大应力降(Δσ>1.0MPa)沿主断层线性排列，大应力降(Δσ>2.0MPa)与ML≥3.0级地震相关. 余震能量释放和高应力降的地震多发生在6.0～11km的深度范围，说明在这一深度范围内最大程度地集中了地壳中的应力. 相似文献
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根据青藏块体东北缘地区的跨断层流动水准测量资料,分别从断层形变异常的空间分布特征,不同断裂带上断层形变平均活动速率的分布和断层形变群体性异常在时间上的分布三个方面进行了统计、对比、分析和研究。结果显示,自2002年以来青藏块体东北缘地区的断层形变异常的主体区域逐步由西向东迁移,地震活动也具由西向东迁移的现象;断层平均活动速率也是东部区偏高。但是,断层形变群体异常在时间上的分布显示目前该区域断层形变异常活动的数量和强度均不十分显著,短期内发生强震的可能性不大。本文提出的方法及初步结论对该区域日常地震预测及震情跟踪工作有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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南澳强震区北部柘林地区断层气的测试结果表明，北西向黄岗水断裂带的主干断裂断层气含量较高，次级断裂和其它方向断裂的断层气含量较低，根据断层气异常，结合断裂新活动的表现形式和地震分布特征，大致可将区内断裂的活动性划分为三类。 相似文献
18.
纸房断裂位于新疆东北部, 是北天山地区一条NW向活动断裂, 全长约140 km, 其北接阿尔泰山, 南临东天山, 东接戈壁阿尔泰山, 其周围多次发生过大地震。 纸房断裂缺乏历史地震记录, 为典型的地震空区, 且位于Ⅰ、 Ⅱ级活动块体边界带, 断裂活动和地震危险性值得关注。 通过野外地质调查、 无人机航测、 开挖探槽和年代测定, 认为该断裂为全新世活动断裂, 以右旋走滑性质为主, 兼具有逆冲性质, 最新一次事件发生时间为1730~5170 aB.P., 单次事件垂直位移约为0.5 m, 最近地震离逝时间应大于1730 aB.P.。 通过对断裂附近发育的两个小型绿洲分布特点和水文地质条件进行研究, 结果表明断裂活动对绿洲的形成起决定性作用。 相似文献
19.
Basement structural architecture and hydrocarbon conduit potential of polygonal faults in the Cooper‐Eromanga Basin,Australia 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 David Kulikowski Khalid Amrouch Dennis Cooke Michael Edward Gray 《Geophysical Prospecting》2018,66(2):366-396
A thorough and complete understanding of the structural geology and evolution of the Cooper‐Eromanga Basin has been hampered by low‐resolution seismic data that becomes particularly difficult to interpret below the thick Permian coal measures. As a result, researchers are tentative to interpret the basement fault architecture within the basin, which is largely undefined. To provide a better understanding of the basement fault geometry, all available two‐dimensional seismic lines together with 12 three‐dimensional seismic surveys were structurally interpreted with assistance from seismic attribute analysis. The Upper Cretaceous Cadna‐owie Formation and top Permian reflectors were analysed using a common seismic attribute technique (incoherency) that was used to infer the presence of faults that may have otherwise been overlooked. Detailed basement fault maps for each seismic survey were constructed and used in conjunction with two‐dimensional seismic data interpretation to produce a regional basement fault map. Large north‐northeast–south‐southwest‐striking sinistral strike–slip faults were identified within the Patchawarra Trough appearing to splay from the main northeast–southwest‐striking ridge. These sinistral north‐northeast–south‐southwest‐striking faults, together with field‐scale southeast–northwest‐striking dextral strike–slip faults, are optimally oriented to have potentially developed as a conjugated fault set under a south‐southeast–north‐northwest‐oriented strike–slip stress regime. Geomechanical modelling for a regionally extensive system of Cretaceous polygonal faults was performed to calculate the Leakage Factor and Dilation Tendency of individual faults. Faults that extend into Lower Cretaceous oil‐rich reservoirs with strikes of between 060°N and 140°N and a high to near‐vertical dip angle were identified to most likely be acting as conduits for the tertiary migration of hydrocarbons from known Lower Cretaceous hydrocarbon reservoirs into shallow Cretaceous sediments. This research provides valuable information on the regional basement fault architecture and a more detailed exploration target for the Cooper‐Eromanga Basin, which were previously not available in literature. 相似文献
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LATE-QUATERNARY ACTIVITY OF THE YALAHE FAULT OF THE XIANSHUIHE FAULT ZONE,EASTERN MARGIN OF THE TIBET PLATEAU 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 LIANG Ming-jian CHEN Li-chun RAN Yong-kang LI Yan-bao WANG Dong GAO Shuai-po HAN Ming-ming ZENG Di 《地震地质》1979,42(2):513-525
Complex geometrical structures on strike-slip faults would likely affect fault behavior such as strain accumulation and distribution, seismic rupture process, etc. The Xianshuihe Fault has been considered to be a Holocene active strike-slip fault with a high horizontal slip rate along the eastern margin of the Tibetan plateau. During the past 300 years, the Xianshuihe Fault produced 8 earthquakes with magnitude≥7 along the whole fault and showed strong activities of large earthquakes. Taking the Huiyuansi Basin as a structure boundary, the northwestern and southeastern segments of the Xianshuihe Fault show different characteristics. The northwestern segment, consisting of the Luhuo, Daofu and Qianning sections, shows a left-stepping en echelon pattern by simple fault strands. However, the southeastern segment(Huiyuansi-Kangding segment)has a complex structure and is divided into three sub-faults: the Yalahe, Selaha and Zheduotang Faults. To the south of Kangding County, the Moxi segment of the Xianshuihe Fault shows a simple structure. The previous studies suggest that the three sub-faults(the Yalahe, Selaha and Zheduotang Faults of the Huiyuansi-Kangding segment)unevenly distribute the strain of the northwestern segment of the Xianshuihe Fault. However, the disagreement of the new activity of the Yalahe Fault limits the understanding of the strain distribution model of the Huiyuansi-Kangding segment. Most scholars believed that the Yalahe Fault is a Holocene active fault. However, Zhang et al.(2017)used low-temperature thermochronology to study the cooling history of the Gongga rock mass, and suggested that the Yalahe Fault is now inactive and the latest activity of the Xianshuihe Fault has moved westward over the Selaha Fault. The Yalahe Fault is the only segment of the Xianshuihe Fault that lacks records of the strong historical earthquakes. Moreover, the Yalahe Fault is located in the alpine valley area, and the previous traffic conditions were very bad. Thus, the previous research on fault activity of the fault relied mainly on the interpretation of remote sensing, and the uncertainty was relatively large. Through remote sensing and field investigation, we found the geological and geomorphological evidence for Holocene activity of the Yalahe Fault. Moreover, we found a well-preserved seismic surface rupture zone with a length of about 10km near the Yariacuo and the co-seismic offsets of the earthquake are about 2.5~3.5m. In addition, we also advance the new active fault track of the Yalahe Fault to Yala Town near Kangding County. In Wangmu and Yala Town, we found the geological evidence for the latest fault activity that the Holocene alluvial fans were dislocated by the fault. These evidences suggest that the Yalahe Fault is a Holocene active fault, and has the seismogenic tectonic condition to produce a large earthquake, just like the Selaha and Zheduotang Faults. These also provide seismic geological evidence for the strain distribution model of the Kangding-Huiyuansi segment of the Xianshuihe Fault. 相似文献