共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 281 毫秒
1.
本文提出了一种新型形状记忆合金（Shape Memory Alloy,SMA）-黏弹性阻尼器（ViscoelasticDamper,VED）自复位支撑,设计了普通预应力筋自复位支撑钢框架与SMA-VED自复位支撑钢框架。采用组合模型以及改进材料模型准确模拟了支撑的力学行为,详细讨论了考虑构件失效的模拟方法,通过试验确定了VED的失效应变范围,最后基于概率统计方法进行了易损性分析以及全周期风险分析。研究发现: SMA-VED自复位支撑可显著提升框架抗震性能;倒塌风险以及残余变形超越概率均显著低于普通预应力筋自复位支撑钢框架,下降比例最高超过50%。预应力筋断裂失效导致框架倒塌风险可提高5倍以上; SMA-VED自复位支撑失效会造成残余变形超越概率有所上升但幅度不大。总体来说,SMA-VED自复位支撑钢框架具备更好的地震鲁棒性。 相似文献
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自定心钢框架抗震性能研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
自定心(Self-Centering,SC)钢框架是一种新型的抗震结构体系。其中,预应力构件提供了结构在地震作用下的复位功能,角钢、摩擦件等构件则提供了耗能能力。主体结构在地震作用后可基本保持完好,并且无残余变形(或很小),附属构件的更换或修复也非常方便。介绍了自定心钢框架的构造和工作原理。节点试验、自定心抗弯钢框架(SC-MRF)、自定心中心支撑钢框架(SC-CBF)的动力试验结果表明,自定心钢框架具有良好的抗震性能和自复位能力,有望发展成为实用的结构形式。指出了自定心钢框架结构体系中需进一步研究的问题。 相似文献
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《世界地震工程》2017,(3)
基于ABAQUS二次开发平台,编制了超弹性形状记忆合金(SMA)一维分段线性本构模型子程序,并将其嵌入到ABAQUS材料库中,通过实例分析,验证了子程序的正确性。基于ABAQUS平台,建立了自复位钢框架节点分析模型,分析了钢框架节点在低周往复荷载作用下的滞回性能、骨架曲线、刚度退化、耗能能力及残余变形等抗震性能,并和普通钢节点进行了对比。对SMA自复位钢框架节点进行了参数分析,考虑了SMA筋预应力水平、位置、配置量及角钢厚度对自复位钢框架节点抗震性能的影响。分析结果表明:与普通钢框架节点相比,SMA自复位钢框架节点承载力大大增加,卸载后有效地消除了残余变形,具有良好的自复位效果;SMA预应力大小、竖向间距、配置量和角钢厚度等参数对新型钢框架节点的承载能力和复位性能均有明显的影响。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2016,(5)
体外预应力自复位框架通过设置铰接节点弱化结构整体抗侧刚度,减小输入到结构中地震能量,地震作用后利用钢绞线的弹性回复力进行自复位。在已有的理论分析和试验研究基础上,对体外预应力自复位框架结构的抗震设计方法进行了研究。确定了体外预应力自复位框架结构的抗震性能水准、多道防线的布置以及抗震设计流程。以一个三层三跨体外预应力自复位框架为例进行了基于性能的抗震设计,采用有限元程序进行动力时程分析,输入3条地震波模拟结构经历设计烈度地震、罕遇地震的动力响应。分析结果表明:体外预应力自复位框架结构在罕遇地震作用下,最大层间位移角满足设计要求的性能目标,验证了基于性能抗震设计方法的有效性,同时表明体外预应力自复位框架结构具有良好的自复位能力和优异的抗震性能。 相似文献
5.
为研究预应力灌浆波纹管节段拼装桥墩的抗震性能,在灌浆波纹管节段拼装桥墩拟静力试验的基础上,采用纤维梁柱单元建立预应力灌浆波纹管节段拼装桥墩的计算模型,对预应力筋布置位置、预应力筋配筋率和预应力筋初始应力等的影响进行了参数分析,以得到抗震性能更优的预应力灌浆波纹管预制拼装桥墩,并根据对残余变形的计算方法进行了分析。研究发现,预应力筋初始拉应力使得墩柱截面轴压比为10%~15%,预应力筋配筋率为0.30%~0.60%左右时,峰值抗力和极限承载能力有较大提高,残余位移相对较小,累计能量耗散较大。预应力灌浆波纹管预制拼装桥墩能提供更好的自复位能力,震后残余位移较小,各项性能参数总体上要好于非预应力灌浆波纹管预制拼装桥墩。根据日本规范提出预应力灌浆波纹管预制拼装桥墩残余位移的计算公式可以为工程实践提供参考。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2021,41(4)
结构震后残余位移是抗震性能评估和地震损失评估的重要参数。文中针对理想弹塑性单自由度体系,采用与残余位移相关性最好的归一化参数定义残余位移比,通过动力时程分析建立统计平均的等延性残余位移比谱和等强度残余位移比谱,研究场地条件、延性系数及强度折减系数对等延性残余位移比谱和等强度残余位移比谱的影响,通过回归分析构建了等延性残余位移比谱和等强度残余位移比谱的预测方程。结果表明:残余位移与弹塑性谱位移的相关性较大,与弹性谱位移的相关性较小;软土场地下结构残余位移的评估需考虑场地条件的影响;残余位移比离散性受延性系数和强度折减系数影响显著。 相似文献
8.
耗能梁段作为偏心支撑结构的耗能元件,在大震作用下通过弹塑性变形吸收地震能量,保护主体结构处于弹性受力状态。现行规范基于强度的设计理论,为了保证耗能梁段进入塑性或破坏,梁柱构件需要进行放大内力设计,导致截面过大,而且基于强度的设计方法很难保证结构的整体破坏状态。目前,抗震设计越来越重视基于性能的设计思想,该方法能够评估结构的弹塑性反应。对于高强钢组合偏心支撑,其中耗能梁段和支撑采用Q345钢,框架梁柱采用Q460或者Q690高强度钢材,高强钢不仅带来良好的经济效益,而且能够推广高强钢在抗震设防区的应用。利用基于性能设计方法设计了4种不同形式的高强钢组合偏心支撑钢框架,包括K形、Y形、V形和D形,考虑4层、8层、12层和16层的影响。通过Pushover分析和非线性时程分析评估该结构的抗震性能,研究结果表明:4种形式的高强钢组合偏心支撑钢框架具有类似的抗震性能,在罕遇地震作用下,几乎所有耗能梁段均参与耗能,而且层间侧移与耗能梁段转角沿高度分布较为均匀。其中:D形偏心支撑具有最大的抗侧刚度,但延性较差,而Y形偏心支撑的抗侧刚度最弱,但延性最佳。 相似文献
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《世界地震工程》2015,(3)
建立了1榀2跨3层以角钢为耗能元件的自复位钢框架结构有限元分析模型,详细介绍了模型的模拟与分析方法。钢绞线的预应力采用等效降温法施加,通过钢绞线提供的回复力可使结构在震后具有自复位能力。在加载过程中,为确保结构的自复位能力,预应力钢绞线要保持弹性。对结构模型施加由位移控制的往复荷载,并通过改变结构的初始预应力值及钢绞线的数量分析参数的改变对结构自复位性能及耗能能力的影响。分析结果表明:与传统钢框架相比,自复位钢框架的震后残余位移明显减小;在4%的层间位移角下,自复位钢框架梁柱及钢绞线均保持弹性状态,结构通过角钢的塑性耗散能量,震后框架具有自复位能力。 相似文献
10.
为减小结构震后残余位移,提高框架结构的震后可修复性,本文提出1种自复位耗能加固方法。以一典型框架结构为例,对比传统框架结构和采用自复位耗能装置加固框架结构的地震响应,并研究自复位耗能装置各参数对加固后结构抗震性能的影响。结果表明:采用自复位耗能装置加固框架结构可有效减小残余位移,但有可能增大结构内力响应;结构的残余位移随着弹簧刚度的增大而减小,结构的内力响应也随之增大;预拉力越大,结构内力响应增加越小,在实际工程中应对自复位加固装置的弹簧刚度和预拉力进行优化以获得最优的自复位加固效果。 相似文献
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The seismic performance of a self-centering precast reinforced concrete (RC) frame with shear walls was investigated in this paper. The lateral force resistance was provided by self-centering precast RC shear walls (SPCW), which utilize a combination of unbonded prestressed post-tensioned (PT) tendons and mild steel reinforcing bars for flexural resistance across base joints. The structures concentrated deformations at the bottom joints and the unbonded PT tendons provided the self-centering restoring force. A 1/3-scale model of a five-story self-centering RC frame with shear walls was designed and tested on a shake-table under a series of bi-directional earthquake excitations with increasing intensity. The acceleration response, roof displacement, inter-story drifts, residual drifts, shear force ratios, hysteresis curves, and local behaviour of the test specimen were analysed and evaluated. The results demonstrated that seismic performance of the test specimen was satisfactory in the plane of the shear wall; however, the structure sustained inter-story drift levels up to 2.45%. Negligible residual drifts were recorded after all applied earthquake excitations. Based on the shake-table test results, it is feasible to apply and popularize a self-centering precast RC frame with shear walls as a structural system in seismic regions. 相似文献
12.
为讨论近断层地震动下摇摆-自复位(Rocking Self-Centering, RSC)桥墩连续梁的地震反应及其抗震优缺点。基于OpenSees有限元分析平台讨论了RSC桥墩三维建模方法,通过对6个试验构件的模拟,比较模拟与试验桥墩滞回曲线、预应力筋最大应力等指标,验证了模型准确性。建立设置RSC桥墩和普通钢筋混凝土(Reinforced Concrete, RC)桥墩的上部结构相同的两座连续梁桥,输入3组含有强速度脉冲的近断层地震波进行非线性动力时程分析,对比其抗震性能。结果表明：在0.4 g近断层地震动下,RSC桥墩与普通RC桥墩相比,RSC桥墩的最大位移角为普通RC桥墩的78.1%～97.6%,墩底曲率延性系数仅为普通RC桥墩的24.0%～34.0%,减小了桥墩的最大变形,也减轻了桥墩地震损伤,不利的一点是使用RSC桥墩会导致支座位移增大。RSC桥墩震后的残余位移较小,且预应力筋处于弹性受力阶段,为实现震后桥梁功能的快速恢复提供了条件。 相似文献
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Self-centering seismic retrofit scheme for reinforced concrete frame structures: SDOF system study 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
This paper presents the results of a parametric study of self-centering seismic retrofit schemes for reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings. The self-centering retrofit system features flag-shaped hysteresis and minimal residual deformation. For comparison purpose,an alternate seismic retrofit scheme that uses a bilinear-hysteresis retrofit system such as buckling-restrained braces (BRB) is also considered in this paper. The parametric study was carried out in a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system framework since a multi-story building structure may be idealized as an equivalent SDOF system and investigation of the performance of this equivalent SDOF system can provide insight into the seismic response of the multi-story building. A peak-oriented hysteresis model which can consider the strength and stiffness degradation is used to describe the hysteretic behavior of RC structures. The parametric study involves two key parameters -the strength ratio and elastic stiffness ratio between the seismic retrofit system and the original RC frame. An ensemble of 172 earthquake ground motion records scaled to the design basis earthquake in California with a probability of exceedance of 10% in 50 years was constructed for the simulation-based parametric study. The effectiveness of the two seismic retrofit schemes considered in this study is evaluated in terms of peak displacement ratio,peak acceleration ratio,energy dissipation demand ratio and residual displacement ratio between the SDOF systems with and without retrofit. It is found from this parametric study that RC structures retrofitted with the self-centering retrofit scheme (SCRS) can achieve a seismic performance level comparable to the bilinear-hysteresis retrofit scheme (BHRS) in terms of peak displacement and energy dissipation demand ratio while having negligible residual displacement after earthquake. 相似文献
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In this investigation, the seismic torsional response of a multi-storey concentrically braced frame (CBF) plan irregular structure is evaluated numerically and experimentally through a series of hybrid tests. CBF structures have become popular in seismic design because they are one of the most efficient types of steel structures to resist earthquake loading. However, their response under plan irregular conditions has received little focus mostly in part due to their complex behaviour under seismic loading conditions. The majority of research on the seismic response of plan irregular structures is based purely on numerical investigations. This paper provides much needed experimental investigation of the seismic response of a CBF plan irregular structure with the aim of characterising the response of this class of structure. The effectiveness of the Eurocode 8 torsional effects provision as a method of designing for low levels of mass eccentricity is evaluated. Results indicate that some of the observations made by purely numerical models are valid in that; torsionally stiff structures perform well and the stiff side of the structure is subjected to a greater ductility demand compared to the flexible side of the structure. The Eurocode 8 torsional effects provision is shown to be adequate in terms of ductility and interstorey drift however the structure performs poorly in terms of floor rotation. Importantly, stiffness eccentricity occurs when the provision is applied to the structure when no mass eccentricity exists and results in a significant increase in floor rotations. 相似文献
15.
传统的竹（木）框架结构因其抗侧力性能差,导致地震灾害下损失较大。在竹（木）框架中增设对角预应力拉索,可以有效地提高其抗侧刚度。为研究重组竹框架结构中对角预应力拉索对结构抗震失效概率,采用增量动力分析（IDA）对其易损性进行分析。通过定义3个性能水平,以地震峰值加速度作为地震强度指标,结构的层间位移角作为结构响应参数,分析得到无对角预应力拉索的重组竹框架的地震易损性曲线。最后分析对角预应力拉索对重组竹框架,得到2种预应力水平下的地震易损性曲线,并与无对角预应力拉索的重组竹框架的地震易损性曲线进行了对比,研究对角预应力拉索对重组竹框架地震易损性的影响。 相似文献
16.
Francesca Barbagallo Melina Bosco Edoardo M. Marino Pier Paolo Rossi 《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(13):2682-2707
A design procedure for seismic retrofitting of concentrically and eccentrically braced frame buildings is proposed and validated in this paper. Rocking walls are added to the existing system to ensure an almost uniform distribution of the interstorey displacement in elevation. To achieve direct and efficient control over the seismic performance, the design procedure is founded on the displacement‐based approach and makes use of overdamped elastic response spectra. The top displacement capacity of the building is evaluated based on a rigid lateral deformed configuration of the structure and on the ductility capacity of the dissipative members of the braced frames. The equivalent viscous damping ratio of the braced structure with rocking walls is calculated based on semi‐empirical relationships specifically calibrated in this paper for concentrically and eccentrically braced frames. If the equivalent viscous damping ratio of the structure is lower than the required equivalent viscous damping ratio, viscous dampers are added and arranged between the rocking walls and adjacent reaction columns. The design internal forces of the rocking walls are evaluated considering the contributions of more than one mode of vibration. The proposed design procedure is applied to a large set of archetype braced frame buildings and its effectiveness verified by nonlinear dynamic analysis. 相似文献
17.
为探讨自复位桥墩的地震反应,以某简支梁桥为工程背景,设计并制作了一个缩尺的模型桥梁。通过白噪声扫频获得了自复位桥墩的动力特性及其变化规律,选取El-Centro、Mexico和Chi-Chi强震记录作为地震动输入,进行振动台模型试验。试验记录了墩顶的加速度和位移反应,考查了地震动强度、频谱特性及预应力钢筋及其初始预加力对模型桥墩动力特性及摇摆反应的影响。试验结果表明:墩顶水平加速度反应随地震动强度及初始预加力的提高而增大,墩顶位移反应受地震动的强度、频谱特性及初始预加力大小影响较大。墩底提离面轻微损伤会明显降低体系的整体水平刚度,初始预加力则能提高体系整体水平刚度,桥墩的阻尼比随体系的水平刚度增大而减小。强震下自复位桥墩发生了预期的提离摇摆,震后墩底提离面出现轻微损伤,墩身无裂缝产生,结构具有良好的抗震及自复位性能。振动台试验结果验证已有文献的数值分析结论,振动台试验数据可用于数值模型校核或修正。 相似文献
18.
为研究不同加固方式对钢筋混凝土(RC)圆截面桥墩抗震性能的影响,利用OpenSees有限元软件建立了普通RC桥墩以及分别采用钢套管、碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRP)、体外预应力筋进行加固的桥墩数值分析模型,对模型输入远断层地震动,进行增量动力分析。以墩顶峰值位移角与震后残余位移角为指标,对比分析了桥墩加固前后的地震响应。结果表明:采用钢套管、体外预应力筋和CFRP加固后,RC桥墩的峰值位移与震后残余位移均减小,钢套管加固方式对桥墩峰值位移的降低幅度最大,体外预应力筋加固方式对抑制桥墩震后残余位移的效果最好;随着剪跨比的增大,3种加固方式对桥墩在地震动作用下位移响应的抑制作用均逐步减小;随着轴压比的增大,3种加固方式对RC桥墩峰值位移的抑制作用逐步降低。 相似文献